Papers Past | Parliamentary Papers | Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives | 1889 Session I | MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT...

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1889. NEW ZEALAND.

MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON), TOGETHER WITH EPITOMES OF THE MURIHIKU AND OTAKOU CASES, AND MINUTES OF EVIDENCE.

Brought up 10th September, 1880, and ordered to be printed.

ORDERS OF REFERENCE. Extracts from the Journals of the Legislative Council. Wednesday, the _6th Day of June, 1889. Ordered, " That a Select Committee be appointed, to consist of nine members, to consider and report upon the Middle Island Native claims question. The Committee to have power to call for persons, papers, and records, and also to sit with any Committee which may be appointed by the House of Representatives for a similar purpose, and to report within one month. The Committee to consist of the Hon. Mr. Buckley, the Hon. Mr. Miller, the Hon. Mr. Pharazvn, the Hon. Dr. Pollen, the Hon. Mr. Reynolds, the Hon. Mr. Shcphard, the Hon. Mr. Swanson, the Hon. Mr. Williams, and the mover."—(Hon. Mr. Stevens.)

Wednesday, the 24th Day of Juey, ISS9. Ordered, " That the time for bringing up the report of the Select Committee upon the Middle Island Native claims be extended for fourteen days."—(Hon. Mr. Stevens.)

Friday, the 9th Day op August, 1889. Ordered, " That the time for bringing up the report of the Select Committee upon the Middle Island Native claims be extended for fourteen days."—(Hon. Mr. Stevens.)

Wednesday, the -Ist Day of August, 1889. Ordered, " That the time for bringing up the report of the Select Committee upon the Middle Island Native claims be further extended for fourteen days."—(Hon. Mr. Stevens.)

Extract from the Journals of the House of Representatives. Tuesday, the 25th Day of June, 1889. Ordered, " That a Committee, consisting of nine members, be appointed, with power to confer with any similar Committee of the Legislative Council, to consider and report upon the claims of the Middle Island Natives on account of unfulfilled promises, and the recommendations made by Mr. Commissioner Mackay thereon on the sth May, 1887 (G.-l, 1888). The Committee to consist of the Hon. Sir H. A. Atkinson, Hon. Mr. Ballance, Mr. Carroll, Hon. Sir J. Hall, Mr. Monk, Mr. Ormond, Captain Russell, Mr. Samuel, and the mover; three to form a quorum."—(Hon. Mr. MITCHELSON.)

REPORT. The Joint Committee appointed to consider and report upon the Middle Island Native land claims have the honour to report that they have taken up the inquiry into the four cases referred —namely, Ngaitahu, Akaroa, Otakou, and Murihiku, and have brought together all the evidence obtainable. In the case of Ngaitahu, the Legislature was last session placed in possession of an epitome of the case, and of the evidence on which it was founded, and the whole was supplied to honourable members during the recess, in a separate form, as recommended by the Committee of last session. The present Committee have completed the case, by obtaining all available information as to the provision that has been made from time to time up to the end of the last financial year on account of schools, hospitals, and other asistance to the Ngaitahu Natives. Eeturns showing the expenditure are appended to this report. The Ngaitahu inquiry ha! necessarily taken the form of an examination of the facts and evidence with a view to ascertain whether the promises made to the Natives at the time of the jjurchase by Mr. Kemp, and shortly afterwards by Mr. Mantell, have been fulfilled. These promises may be taken as amounting to an undertaking that, as respects the reserves to be set aside for occupation by the Natives, "liberal provision would be made for their present and future wants, and due regard shown to secure their interests and meet their wishes." I—l. 10.

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There seems, further, to be no doubt that the Natives had held out to them, as an inducement to sell, a promise that further reserves would be made for their benefit, and an assurance that, by selling their lands, and thus facilitating the settlement of Europeans in their midst, they and their children would share in the general care, solicitude, and protection afforded by Government to Her Majesty's subjects; but there exists no satisfactory proof that authority was ever given by the Government for any definite promise in this respect, or that any Government officer ever reported to the Government that any such promise had been made until upwards of seven years after the Commissioner for extinguishing Native claims had reported that his " mission was ended," and the duty intrusted to him futilled. It is certain that any responsibility undertaken by the Imperial Government in regard to Ngaitahu is morally binding on the Colonial Government. The questions that have been investigated by the Committee may be stated thus : —■ Have the promises and assurances made been substantially fulfilled in regard to— • 1. Eeservation of Native reserves and cultivations ; 2. Further land reserves ; 3. Schools; 4. Hospitals; 5. Constant solicitude for their welfare? The evidence establishes, in the opinion of the Committee, that the promises made in regard to the Native residences and cultivations were falfilled. The Committee are also of opinion that the further laud reserves made (although not undertaken in so liberal a spirit as might have been suitable to the case) may be considered as having substantially discharged the public obligations under this head. The proceedings and awards of the Native Land Courts in 1868 may be studied with advantage as establishing this view. In saying this, the Committee quite recognise that, although the awards of further reserves may have reasonably met the demands arising out of the promises made, it may yet be found highly expedient that more land should be provided where the provision proves to be insufficient to afford Natives a livelihood. The Committee are satisfied that the educational provision is now, and has been for a number of years, sufficient for the children of Ngaitahu, and that, however much it may be regretted that the provision for the education of the tribe was not begun earlier, it is impossible to assess pecuniary loss arising from failure to fulfil assurances under this head. As regards hospitals, the Committee find that separate hospitals have never been provided for Ngaitahu, but that the public hospitals are open to Natives equally with Europeans. Medical attendance for Ngaitahu appears to have begun prior to 1864, and has continued to a greater or less extent to the present time. For a number of years Ngaitahu was looked after on behalf of the Government by speciallyqualified persons. The condition of the Natives during that period was at any time easy of ascertainment. This arrangement was practically ended in 1880 as regards resident officers, and entirely so in 1884 ; and, although it appears that cases of distress would be more or less relieved if brought under the notice of the Native Office, there cannot be said to bo any inspection or any regular means of knowing whether distress exists or not. As a matter of fact, the Native Department is ignorant of the condition of the Ngaitahu, and under existing circumstances can only know of it in the most accidental manner. The Committee think that this report should include reference to the important question of " tenths," as sought to be applied to the Ngaitahu purchase. The fullest information on the subject of " tenths," its origin and application, will be found in the Appendix. A brief statement of its nature, however, may be given here. The system was devised by the New Zealand Company, and took the form of a provision that the Native vendors should ballot with European land-order holders for sections to the extent of one-tenth of town lots and one-tenth of rural sections, the effect being that the Natives selling land to the company were, to the extent of one-tenth of the land sold by them, provided with reserves, and this not in remote localities, but in a way calculated to place them on exactly equal terms with the European immigrants entering the ballot. This system was applied by the company to several of their earlier purchases. Whilst it is the fact that the Ngaitahu purchase was made for, and with the money of, the New Zealand Company, the Committee are of opinion that the evidence against the contention that tenths ought to have been applied to Ngaitahu is irresistible. The Committee are aware that the officer who made the purchase put in the deed the name of the principal officer of the New. Zealand Company, but it is clear that he did so contrary to express instructions ; and, whilst there is no trace of any promise of tenths as an inducement to the Natives to sell, there is positive evidence that the officer who succeeded Mr. Kemp (the purchasing agent), and who adjusted the transaction with the Ngaitahu Natives, distinctly informed them that tenths would not be applied to the case, notwithstanding which statement the matter was completed by him with the Natives. It now remains for the Committee to offer the best suggestions in their power for a final settlement of this difficult case. After very careful consideration and discussion they have come to the conclusion that the only practical and effective way to arrive at a satisfactory settlement is to cause careful inquiry to be made into the condition of the Ngaitahu Natives; and, if it be found that any have not sufficient land to enable them to support themselves by labour on it, to take power from time to time to make furtheFprovision by way of inalienable reserve to meet such cases. Since it is not unlikely that suitable lands may not be available out of Crown lands in the neighbourhood of the Ngaitahu settlements, and the removal of landless Natives to remote localities may prove to be undesirable, if not impracticable, it is suggested that power should be taken to apply the principle of the 168th section of "The Land Act, 1885," in the acquisition of such moderate acreages of and near the Ngaitahu settlements as may be found necessary.

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The Committee are further of opinion that it should be the duty of some competent and reliable officers to from time to time report to the Government the condition of the Natives in their respective districts, and make such recommendations for their relief as may appear desirable, and that such reports and recommendations should be laid before Parliament each session. Akaeoa Case. The Akaroa case forms part of that of Ngaitahu, and the recommendations of the Committee therefore embrace all questions arising from it. Mueihiku Case. The Murihiku case, although quite distinct from the others, the purchase having been made separately, at a different period, and from other Natives, is so similar to Ngaitahu that the Committee think it should be treated in the same way. Whilst it does not appear that further land reserves were promised, it is clear that assurances of schools, hospitals, and other advantages were given; and in these circumstances the Committee are of opinion that their recommendations in regard to Ngaitahu can be suitably applied to Murihiku also. Otakou Case. The Committee, having investigated this case, and considered it by the light of all available information, are of opinion that the whole question is, whether or not the principle of "tenths" applies to this purchase. This point cannot be satisfactorily determined until inquiry has been made as to the nature of the instructions from the Governor asked for by the late Major Eichmond, C.8., in his letter of the 12th June, 1844, and, as no record of this can be found in the colony, the Committee have resolved that steps be taken to obtain from the Colonial Office copies of all records on the subject. 10th September, 1889. E. C. J. Stevens, Chairman. (For Maori translation of report .. 1.-10a.)

EPITOME OE THE MURIHIKU CASE. 14th August, 1889. The Murihiku Block consists of the portion of territory lying to the south of Kemp's Purchase and the Otakou Block, and contains some 6,900,000 acres. It was purchased by Mr. Mantell on behalf of the Crown on the 17th August, 1853. The consideration-money named in the deed* is £2,000, but a sum of £600| was afterwards paid —in November, 1854. Eeserves, as stated in the deed, were made within the block for the Natives at the undermentioned places, viz.: at Tuturau, Omaui, Oue, Aparima, Oraka, Kawakaputaputa, and Onetoto. The area of these reserves consists of 4,588 acres. No reference to " tenths " or other reserves is contained in the deed of cession. The Commissioner who acquired the block made promises to the Natives, as regards schools and other advantages, similar to those given in connection with the Ngaitahu Purchase. These promises have already been referred to in the epitome of the Ngaitahu case, but it may be convenient to quote again from Mr. Mantell's letter, of sth July, 1856, to Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State, in which he said: "By promise of more valuable recompense in schools, in hospitals for their sick, and in constant solicitude for their welfare and general protection on the part of the Imperial Government, I procured the cession of these lands for small cash payments."

APPENDICES.

APPENDIX No. 1. Copy of Tbanslation of Mueihiku Deed. Let all the nations know : We, the chiefs and all the people of all the lands lying within the boundaries hereinunder written, derived through our ancestors, from whom it descended to us, the plan whereof is hereunto annexed, have written our names and marks as the act of consent of us, for ourselves, for our relations, for our families, for our heirs now living, and our descendants who shall be born after us, entirely to give up all those our lands which have been negotiated for, the boundaries of which have been described, and the plan whereof is annexed to this deed of conveyance, to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, her heirs and successors, for ever, as a lasting possession for her or for the Europeans to whom Her Majesty, or rather His Excellency the Governor, shall consent that it shall be given: And whereas we have agreed entirely to give up our land lying within the boundaries hereunder written, Walter Mantell, the Commissioner for extinguishing Native Claims (by virtue of the authority given to him by His Excellency the Governor-in-Chief to arrange and determine the price to be paid for these lands), agrees that he will pay us the sum of two thousand pounds sterling, the manner of payment to be as fdJows : The money shall be divided into two portions. In the first instalment there shall be one thousand pounds, which shall have been paid to us at Otakou, when all the people shall have assembled. The second instalment of one thousand pounds shall be paid

* Appendix No. 1, translation of deod, 17th August, 1853. f Appendix No. 2, translation of two receipts of £300 each.

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at Awaroa in the month in which the money arrives. The whole of the moneys of these payments being added together, they shall amount to the sum of two thousand pounds, as agreed upon above. Now, these are the boundaries of the land which has been alienated : The boundary commences at Milford Haven (the name given to that place in Mr. Kemp's deed is Wakatipu, but by the Maoris it is called Piopiotahi)); thence to Kaihiku ; thence to Tokata, strictly following the old boundary-line of Messrs. Kemp and Symonds, and by the coast from Milford Haven round to Tokata, with Tauraka, Earotoka, Motupui, and all the islands lying adjacent to the shore (excepting the Ruapuke group), and all the lands within those boundaries, with the anchorages and landingplaces, with the rivers, the lakes, the woods, .and the bush, with all things whatsoever within those places, and in all things lying thereupon. A more accurate description and representation of the land is given in the plan hereunto annexed. All the lands and all other things above enumerated, and which lie within the boundaries above recited, have been entirely surrendered to Her Majesty the Queen for ever and ever. » But those portions of land which have been set apart by Mr. Mantell, and surveyed by C. Kettle, Esq., J.P., Government Surveyor, at Tuturau, Omaui, Oue, Aparima, Oraka, Kawakaputaputa, and Onetoto, marked with the figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, and coloured yellow, are for ourselves as lasting possessions for us and for our children for ever. The only portions for ourselves are those just named. We also agree that the portions which have been reserved for us shall not be sold without the consent of His Excellency the Governor. And, if His Excellency wishes- at any future time to cause a road to be made through the land reserved for us, we agree to give up some portions thereof without any payment being made, that the roads which he thinks necessary may be properly laid off. And, in testimony of our true and unreserved assent to all the conditions of this deed, which has been read aloud to us, we have signed our names and marks; and, in testimony of the consent of Her Majesty the Queen of Great-Britain, Walter Mantell, Commissioner for the Extinguishment of Native Claims, hereunto signed his name. Our names and marks were signed to this deed on the seventeenth of the days of August, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, at Dunedin. Waltee Mantell, Commissioner. Taiaroa.- Te Marama. Koau. Maraitaia. Taheke. Ihaia Whaitiri. Karetai. Kahu Patiti. Potiki. Horoinona Mauhe. Tare Wetere te Kaahu. Hoani Korako. Eeihana. John Topi Patuld. jl Huriwai. Manihera Tutaki. Tiare Eu. Matene Manaia. Wi Eehu. Te Pae. Paituu. Pokene. Akaripa Pohau. Timoti White. Matewai Hoani. Horomona Pohio. Eiwai Piharo. Paororo. Paororo. Matiaha Kukeke. Komatewai. Takurua. Tare te An. Huruhuru. Makaia. Haimona Pakipaki. Whaiti Pirihira. Eawiri te Awha. laia te Meihana. Eatimira Tihau. Hohaia Poheahea. Tiare te Au. Irai Tihau. Wiremu Eehua. Pukuhau. Korako Turinaka. Teoti Rauparaha. Tare te Ao. Tipene Pepe. Wiremu te Eaki. John Wesley Korako. Kaikai (his x mark). Kereopa Totoi. Witness—Hugh Robinson. Tiare Hape. Pitako. Moihi Hamero. Rota Pikaroro. James Eikiriki. Witnesses to the signatures and marks : — Edmund Hooke Wilson Bellairs, Esq., Dunedin, Otago. James Fulton, J.P., West Taieri. Eobert Williams, J.P., Dunedin. A. Chethfim-Strode, R.M., Dunedin, Otago. Charles H. Kettle, J.P., Dunedin. William G. Filleul, Dunedin. Richard Anthony Filleul, Dunedin. Robert Chapman, Dunedin, Clerk to the Bench. Sealed by me this 17th day of August, 1853 —A. Chetham-Strode.

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APPENDIX No. 2. Ikanslation of Two Receipts.—Mueihiku. Heakken all people : Whereas His Excellency Sir George Grey, Governor-in-Chief, has agreed that a sum of six hundred pounds (£600) should be added to the price agreed upon as payment for our land at Murihiku, which has become the property of Her Majesty the Queen; that is to say; the two thousand pounds (£2,000) already paid to us by Walter Mantell, Esq., Commissioner, we have signed our names and made oar marks hereunder, so that all men may know of the payment of that six hundred pounds to us, for distribution among all the people of Murihiku.

At Dunedin, Otepoti, 4th November, 1854. Three hundred pounds (£300) has been paid to us this day by Walter Mantell, Esq., Couniiissioner. Karetai. Ko Pitoko. Taiaroa.-' Eeihana (his x mark) Tuarea.. Tiare Weteri. Tipene. John Wesley Korako. Kotare te Ao. Potiki. Timoti. Koroko Turinaka. Wiremu te Raki. Ariaha (his x mark) Taheke. Huriwhenua. Te (his x mark) Koau. Witnesses to the signatures, marks, and payments : — Robert Fulton, West Taieri. John Boston, Dunedin. A. Chetham-Strode, R.M., Otago.

At Dunedin, Otepoti, 25th November, 1854. Three hundred pounds (£300) has also been paid to us this day by Walter Mantell, Esq., Commissioner. Riwai te Maniara. John (his x mark) Spencer. John Topi Patuki.' J Te (his x mark) Raki. Tare Hape. Riria. Moses (his x mark) Hamero. Tipini. Hemi Riki. Papfihuka (his x mark"). Warikaru. Ratara Piripi. Makiwuo (his x mark). Ihaia Mi, ma maua ko te Au. John (his x mark) Noema. Witness to signatures, marks, and payment:—A. Chetham-Strode, R.M., Otago.

EPITOME OF THE OTAKOU CASE. The original conditions with regard to the purchase of the Otakou Block are contained in a letter dated Wellington, the 27th February, 1844, from Mr. J. W. Hamilton, principal secretary, to Mr. W. Wiikefield, principal agent of the New Zealand Company, covering a copy of the instructions given by Governor Fitzroy to Captain Symonds with reference to the acquisition of the block. The conditions referred to are as follows :— " 1. That all existing arrangements made by the Government with respect to the New Zealand " Company's settlements shall be strictly observed, except as altered by the present arrangement. "2. That the land so purchased shall be counted in exchange for an equal number of acres " claimed by, and to which a valid title can be proved by, the New Zealand Company elsewhere, it " being clearly understood that the purchase-money in both cases" referred to is to be provided by " the company. " 3. Thus, the exterior boundaries as well as interior divisions of the land so purchased shall "be surveved by and at the expense and bv the survevors of the New Zealand Companv." (Page 95, Native Affairs, 5.1., Vol. 1.) A copy of the instructions issued by Governor Fitzroy, bearing date the 27th February, 1844, will be found in Appendix No. If herewith. At an early date the question of reserves for the Natives was referred to by Major Richmond, Superintendent of the Southern Division, New Munster, in a letter to His Excellency the Governor, bearing date the 23rd May, 1844. The reference is as follows : — "In relation to the new settlement, when the choice of sections is being made, it will be " necessary to have an officer on the spot to select reserves for the Government and Natives : for " this duty (should I not be previously instructed by your Excellency) it is my intention to appoint " Mr. Symonds, whose local knowledge and experience as a surveyor qualifies him for the service." (Page 97, Native Affairs, S.l„_Vol. 1.) Captain Symonds, in his report to the Superintendent of the Southern Division on the acquisition of the block, of the 2nd September, 1844, with which he transmitted a duplicate of the deed of sale, wrote in the following terms : —

* The conditions have referenco also to another block. t Appendix No. 1, Governor Fitzroy to J. J. Symonds, Esq., 27th February, 1844.

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" The Natives have expressed their anxiety to make some special provision for the future " benefit of themselves and children, by reserving certain portions of land within the limits of the " purchase which they now partially occupy, the management of which, to a certain extent, they " were desirous of retaining in their own hands. I approved of their selections, four in " number, three of which—viz., Ornate, Pukekura, and Taieri—l personally inspected, accom- " parried by Colonel Wakefield, Mr. Clarke, and the most influential chiefs, and saw the boundaries " pointed out and marked off. With regard to the fourth, at Karoro, I suggested to Tuhawaiki " that he should retain a portion of land on that river, where some of his family resided, the " precise limits of which should be hereafter defined by an agent appointed by His Excellency the " Governor for that purpose, as I found it impracticable to visit that part of the purchase without " materially delaying the proceedings and exhausting the patience of the Natives. " I pursued this course as .regards Native reserves from the conviction that the system hereto- " fore adopted in other purchases of large tracts was beyond the comprehension of the aborigiruss; " and, at the suggestion of Colonel Wakefield, I left the further choice of reserves—namely, the " tenth part of all land sold by the New Zealand Company—to be decided by His Excellency the " Governor, without making any express stipulation with the Natives on the subject. " I have the honour to enclose the duplicate of the document (deed of sale, 31st July, 1844) " by which the Natives have conveyed all their title and interest in the districts of Otakou, Taieri, " and Mataura to the New Zealand Company, accompanied by a certified translation. " I also beg leave to observe that before this deed was formally read over and signed by the " Natives I requested Mr. Clarke to explain to them the nature of the conveyance—to the effect " that in disposing of their land they for ever surrendered their interest and title to such land ; that " their consent to sell it was binding on their children <as well as themselves; that they should " remove from any portion then occupied by them, and confine themselves exclusively to their " reserves, and never expect to recefve further compensation ; that they should not alienate or let " any portion of their reserves without having previously obtained the sanction of His Excellency " the Governor: to all which stipulations they unanimously consented. " The boundaries were at the same time frequently explained to them by Mr. Clarke in my " presence, and repeated by them to each other ; and they stilted that they fully understood all the " terms and conditions of the purchase as specified in the deed. " After the document had been formally read over in Native and in English, and signed by the " most influential chiefs and proprietors, the purchase-money, to the amount of £2,400, was " amicably divided among the different families, and they all expressed themselves fully satisfied " with the whole transaction." (Page 103, Nat. Aft'., 5.1., Vol. 1.) A translation of the deed of sale, dated the 31st July, 1844, is appended herewith." An undertaking was given by the principal agent of the New Zealand Company to confine himself to the selection of land to which the Crown's right of pre-emption had been waived in favour of the company, and was as follows : — " I, William W Takefield, the principal agent of the New Zealand Company, do undertake to " select one hundred and fifty thousand acres, to which the Crown's right of pre-emption has been " waived in favour of the said company, from the block of land specified in the deed to which this is " annexed, as soon as such land shall have been surveyed, leaving the unappropriated residue to be " dealt with in such manner as His Excellency the Governor shall deem fit. —Otago, 29th July, " 1844." The block contained 400,000 .acres. By the agreement of the 14th May, 1847, between the New Zealand Company and the Otago Association the New Edinburgh Settlement was to comprise 144,600 acres.! The Tenths. With the view of throwing some light upon the origin of the New Zealand Company's system of " Tenths," the following extracts are supplied from the Appendices to the Company's Reports. In the instructions to Colonel Wakefield, principal agent of the company, dated May, 1839, he was communicated with as follows :— " But, in one respect, you will not fail to establish a very important difference between the " purchases of the company and those which have hitherto been made by every class of buyers. " Wilderness land, it is true, is worth nothing to its Native owners, or worth nothing more than the " trifle they can obtain for it. We are not, therefore, to make much account of the utter inade- " quacy of the purchase-money according to English notions of the value of land. The land is really " of no value, and can become valuable only by means of a great outlay of capital on emigration and " settlement. But, at the same time, it may be doubted whether the Native owners have ever been " entirely aware of the consequences that would result from such cessions as have already been " made, to a great extent, of the whole of the lands of a tribe. Justice demands, not merely that " these consequences should be as far as possible explained to them, but that the superior intelli- " gence of the buyers should also be exerted to guard them against the evils which, after all, they " may not be capable of anticipating. The danger to which they are exposed, and which they " cannot well foresee, is that of finding themselves entirely without landed property, and therefore " without consideration, in the midst of a society where, through immigration and settlement, land " has become a valuable property. Absolutely they would suffer little or nothing from having parted '' with land which they do not use and cannot exchange; but relatively they would suffer a great

* Appendix No. 2, translation of deed of Otakou Block. t By Grown grant, dated 13th April, 1846, His Excellency Sir George Grey had conveyed to the New Zealand Company the Otakou Block, estimated to contain 400,000 acres. On the sth July, 1850, the company surrendered its charter, and all the lands it possessed, subject to existing contracts, became demesne lauds of the Crown.

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" deal, inasmuch as their social position would be very inferior to that of the race who had settled " amongst them and given value to their now worthless territory. If the advantage of the Natives " alone were consulted it would be better, perhaps, that they should remain for ever the savages " that they are. This consideration appears never to have occurred to any of those who have " hitherto purchased lauds from the Natives of New Zealand. It was first suggested by the New Zea- " laud Association of 1837, and it has great weight with the present company. In accordance with a " plan which the association of 1837 was desirous that a legislative enactment should extend to every " purchaser of land from the Natives as well past as future, you will take care to mention in every booJca- " booka or contract for land that a proportion of the territory ceded, equal to one-tenth of the whole, will " be reserved by the company and. held in trust by them for the future benefit of the chief families "of the tribe. With the assistance of Nayti, who is perfectly aware of the value of land in Eng- " land, and of such of the more intelligent Natives as have visited the neighbouring colonies, you " will readily explain that, after English emigration and settlement, a tenth of the land will be*far " more valuable than the whole was before. And you must endeavour to point out, as is the fact, " that the intention of the company is not to make reserves for the Native owners in large blocks as " has been the common practice as to Indian reserves in North America, whereby settlement is " impeded and the savages are encouraged to continue savage, living apart from the civilised com- " munity; but in the same way, in the same allotments, and to the same effect as if the reserved " lands had been purchased from the company on behalf of the Natives."* In the instructions from the directors of the company to Mr. Hals well, Commissioner for the Management of Native Reserves at Wellington, of the 10th October, 1840, it was stated as follows: — " From the very commencement of its proceedings the company determined to reserve out of " every purchase of land from the Natives a proportion of the territory ceded equal to one-tenth of " the whole, and to hold the same in trust for the future benefit of the chief families of the ceding " tribes. The company did not, indeed, propose to make the reserves for the Native owners in large " blocks, as it has been the practice to make for the Indians in North America, because that plan " tends to impede settlement and to encourage savages to continue barbarous, living apart from the " civilised community; but the company's reserves were to be made in the same way as if the " reserved lands had been actual purchases made of the company by the Natives. Accordingly, out " of the 1,100 sections, or 110,000 acres, which the company offered to the public at the preliminary " sales of land in the first settlement, 110 sections, 11,110 acres, which were reserved for the Native " chiefs, were appropriated, according to an order of choice determined by ballot in the same way " as the priority of choice was determined among the purchasers in general."! « In the agreement of November, 1840, between Her Majesty's Government and the New Zealand Company the following clause occurs : — " 13. It being also understood that the company have entered into engagements for the reser- " vation of certain lands for the benefit of the Natives, it is agreed that, in respect of all the lands so " to be granted to the company as aforesaid, reservations of such lands shall be made for the benefit " of the Natives by Her Majesty's Government in fulfilment of and according to the tenor of such " stipulations, the Government reserving to themselves, in respect of all other lauds, to make such " arrangements as to them shall seem just and expedient for the benefit of the Natives.";: No mention is made of " Tenths " in the Otakou deed, but Captain Symonds, as already stated, left the further choice of reserves, —namely, the tenth part of " all land sold by the New Zealand " Company, to be decided by His Excellency the Governor, without making .any express stipulation " with the Natives on the subject." It would appear that the late Major Richmond, when Superintendent of the Southern Division, brought the subject of the " Tenths " in connection with the New Edinburgh Settlement before 'the notice of the Governor of the day in a letter dated the 12th June, 1844, from which the following is an extract:— " By the sixth paragraph of the prospectus for the New Edinburgh Settlement I find ' that the " ' provision hitherto made for the Natives by the directors of the New Zealand Company is left to " ' the local Government.' I shall therefore demand on their behalf ' one-tenth 'of each description " of allotment—namely, town, suburban, and rural, and arrange with the principal agent of the " company, or the agent for the new settlement, on the mode to be adopted for their selection, " should I not receive your Excellency's instructions on this subject previous to the arrival of the " latter with the emigrants."* ' - The Committee has endeavoured, but without success, to ascertain what action, if any, was taken by Major Bichmond in the way of demanding the " Tenths " on behalf of the Natives.

APPENDICES.

APPENDIX No. 1. Cory of Directions issued by Goveenor Fitzeoy to J. J. Symonds, Esq., P.M., Wellington. You are hereby required and directed to pioceed to New Minister (on the Middle Island) and there superintend and assist the agent of the New Zealand Company in effecting the valid purchase or valid purchases of not more than 150,000 acres of available land, without regard to figure or continuity of blocks. To such an extent of therland the Crown right of pre-emption will be waived upon your report of the validity of the purchase, under certain conditions.

* Pages Gf-Bf, Appendix P, New Zealand Company's Reports, Vol. 11. t Pages TG-77G, Appendix G, New Zealand Company's Reports, Vol. 11. | Page Bc, Appendix C,New Zealand Company's Reports, Vol. 11. j No. 15, Appendix J and A, Legislative Council, 1885.

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You will be most careful not to countenance any, even the smallest, encroachment on or infringement of existing rights or claims, whether Native or other, unless clearly sanctioned by their legitimate succession. You will inform settlers now established in New Minister that their cases will be most carefully and kindly dealt with by Government under existing regulations, or by a special act of grace, such as by waiving the Crown's right of pre-emption in their favour to a reasonable extent. You will inform the aboriginal native population that you are sent to superintend and forward the purchase of lands which they wish to sell, and that you, on behalf of the Government, will not authorise, nor in any way sanction, any proceedings which are not honest, equitable, and in every way irreproachable. You will exert authority as Police Magistrate where it may be required, and report your proceedings from time to time to the Superintendent of the Southern Division. Your knowledge of the Native character and habits, your late employment as Sub-protector of Aborigines, and your o*vn personal conduct recommend you for this special service. While absent from Wellington on this important duty you will be entitled to receive 10s. per diem for travelling-allowance. Given under my hand and seal this 27th day of February, 1844. Robeet Fitzeoy, Governor.

APPENDIX No. 2. Copy of Translation of Otakou Deed, 31st July, 1844, foewaeded by Captain Symonds. Know all men by this document, we, the chiefs and men of the Ngaitahu Tribe in New Zealand, whose names are undersigned, consent, on this thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-four, to give up, sell, and abandon altogether to William Wakefield, the principal agent of the New Zealand Company, of London, on behalf of the directors of the said company, all our claims and title to the lands comprised within the under-mentioned boundaries. The names of the said lands are : Otakou, Kaikarae, Taieri, Mataau, and Te Karoro. These are the boundaries : The northern boundary-line commences at Purehurehu, runs along the sea-shore, crossing the entrance of Otakou (Harbour) to Otupa ; thence along the coast to Poatiri. The eastern boundary is the ocean, from Poatiri to Tokata : thence the southern boundary runs along the summit of Taukohu to Pohueroa ; it then runs along the summit of the Kaihiku Range, and crosses the Mataau River ; thence along the summit of the Maungaatua Range to Wakaari; along the summit of Wakaari to Mihiwaka and Otuwareroa; thence it descends to Purehurehu, on the sea-coast. We also give up all the islands Kamautaurua, Rakiriri, Okaihe, Moturata, Paparoa, Matoketoke, Hakinikini, and Aonui, excepting the following places, which we have reserved for ourselves and our children : that is to say, a certain portion, of land on the eastern side of Otakou, called Ornate : the boundary-line commences at Moepuku, crosses over to Poatiri, thence along the coast to Waiwakaheke, then crosses to Pukekura, and runs along the side of the harbour to Moepuku. Also, a certain portion of land at Pukekura, the boundaries of which are marked by posts, containing one acre, more or less. Also a portion of land at Taieri, the boundary-line of which commences at Onumia, and runs across in a straight line to Maitapapa ; the Taieri River forms the other boundary. Also, a portion of land at Te Karoro bounded on the south by the Karoro River, on the east by the ocean ; the northern boundary includes the village of that place, and extends inland about one mile. Which said reserved places we agree neither to sell nor let to any party whatever without the sanction of His Excellency the Governor of New Zealand. We have received as payment for the above first-mentioned lands the sum of one thousand and four hundred pounds in money on this day. John Tuhawaiki, Kurukuru, Taiaroa, Mokomoko, Karetai, Te Ao, Korako, Korako Karetai, Kaikoarere, ■ Tutewaiao, Takamaitu. Papakawa, Te Raki, Te Haki, John Tuhawaiki, for Topi, Rakiwakana, Kihau, Te Raki (2), Horomona, Potiki, Pohio, Pohata, Pohau, Taiaroa, for Pokihi, Kahuti, Pokene. In the presence of these witnesses : — John Jermyn Symonds, P.M., Frederick Tuckett, George Clarke, jun., Protector of Aborigines, David. Scott. A true translation.—George Clarke, jun., Protector of Aborigines.

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MINUTES OF EVIDENCE.

Mr. T. W. Lewis, Under-Secretary, Native Department, examined. 1. Hon. the Chairman.] Will you tell the Committee what means are used to ascertain the state of the Natives of Ngaitahu ? —At the present time it may be said that there are no special means taken in that direction. Formerly, Mr. Alexander Mackay, Commissioner of Native Reserves, was also the Native Officer for the Middle Island. His duties frequently took him through the Middle Island and he called the attention of the Government to any special cases requiring consideration. 2. Can you say when Mr. Mackay first began those inquiries '?—lt is some years ago. I should say that his duties in that direction extended from the time the Rev. Mr. Stack ceased to be Native Officer in the Canterbury District until he (Mr. Mackay) was appointed a Judge of the Native Lands Court and became occupied elsewhere. 3. Was there any arrangement prior to that for looking after these matters?—Not that I remember. 4. Do you know when Mr. Stack discontinued ?—I should think about ten years ago. 1 cannot give you the exact date without reference, but I can fill it in afterwards. [31st October, 1880.] 5. Did the Rev. Mr. Wohlers ever act in a similar capacity in respect of any of the Ngaitahu Natives ?—I believe so. Mr. Wohlers.held no official position, however. Mr. W Tohlers received £15 a year to provide medicine for the Ruapuke Natives from 1870 to 1880. He would be much in the same position as any private gentleman, the teacher of a native school, or any one else who, becoming acquainted with the condition of the Natives, would call the attention of the Government to these cases. I had better, perhaps, make a short general statement, to the Committee as to the position of this question. Some years ago the Rev. Mr. Stack was a salaried Native agent for the Canterbury District. It was part of his duties to call the attention of the Government to any cases of need, and he did so when occasion arose. The Native Resident Magistrate, Mr. Watt, at Dunedin, held a similar position with regard to the Otago Natives. Mr. Alexander Mackay, who held, and still holds, the appointment of Civil Commissioner, had the general responsibility over the whole of the Middle Island, and was called upon annually to report upon the state of the Natives. It was also his duty to call the attention of the Government to any special cases requiring consideration. Besides these officers, there were a few subsidised medical officers, whose names I can furnish to the Committee in a return.* The present position is this : Mr. Watt's services as Native Agent were dispensed with on the 30th June, 1880, and the Rev. Mr. Stack's on the 31st October, 1880, both on the ground of retrenchment in the Native Department. Some years ago the Rev. Mr. Stack ceased to hold office [31st December, 1881], and Mr. Alexander Mackay was appointed a Judge of the Native Land Court on the 12th May, 1884; so that at the present time there is no officer in the Middle Island specially charged with the responsibility of dealing with cases of destitution amongst the Natives. What now happens is that cases of destitution come under the notice of private individuals, and when the attention of the Native Department has been called to them they have been met by small allowances. I can furnish the Committee with the names of the persons in receipt of indigent allowance, and the amount spent in medical comforts. On the 12th November last a circular letter was addressed, by direction of the Native Minister, to all the Charitable Aid Boards in the colony. (Circular marked "A" attached read.) That circular was sent to the Charitable Aid Boards in the South Island as well as those in the North. No reply was received from the Boards in the North, but the case of three indigent Natives at Kaikoura was brought under the notice of the Christchurch Board. The secretary of the Board forwarded to the Hon. the Colonial Secretary copy of a letter received from Mr. William Smith, J.P., of Kaikoura, relating to the destitute condition of three aged Native women, and recommending that relief should be afforded through the Native Department. There have been other communications from the Board at Christchurch, declining to undertake the responsibility of affording relief. There is a resolution of the Board on the 13th of June, 1888, to this effect: " The Board cannot see its way to grant relief to Maoris, as they consider they should be dealt with by the Native Department." Under these circumstances, the Native Department has granted relief iii the special cases to which attention was called. At present the matter practically stands thus : that cases of destitute Maoris are dealt with by the Native Department when attention is specially called to them. There is no machinery at present for inquiring into these cases. It is more or less accidental when these cases are brought under notice. 6. Hon. Mr. Shephard.] I would ask you whether that does not really amount to an abandonment of the position by the Charitable Aid Board? —That is practically the position at present. The matter has not been further considered by the Government in relation to its action. The decision of the Board has only recently been received, and has not yet been dealt with by the Government in relation to the circular. 7. Hon. Sir J. Hall.] Can you say why Mr. Stack was discontinued : did he resign, or were his services dispensed with?—l almost think, speaking from memory, that he went Home. I think it was a voluntary arrangement of his own, but I am not quite sure. It may have been at the time of retrenchment, but I do not think so. 8. Mr. Ormond.] Was he an officer of the Government ?—He was an officer of the Government for some years.

* For returns promised by witness v. post. 2—l. 10.

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9. Hon. Sir J. Hall.] Over what period does your knowledge of these matters extend?— For a considerable period. I have been connected with the Native Department for twenty years. I have been Under-Secretary for the last ten years. 10. Are you aware whether Mr. Mackay or Mr. Stack ever called your attention generallylto the state of poverty of the Natives—-to the Natives being unprovided with the necessaries of life?—■ Ido not remember. It is so long since Mr. Stack left I cannot call his special reports to my recollection without looking them up. 11. What about Mr. Mackay?—Mr. Mackay has written memoranda as to claims of Middle Island Natives. 12. I do not mean that; I mean cases of individual destitution and distress? —Yes; Mr. Mackay has called attention to and recommended some individual cases. The practice of the department while Mr. Mackay held the position of Native Officer was to refer all applications made to him, and the department usually acted upon his report. 13. What sort of assistance was given : was it food or money ?—The practice adopted in the Middle Island has been to give an allowance within a certain amount, to be expended by some responsible person in provisions. The cases provided for were usually those of very old Natives, who would be unable to take care of money. The resident schoolmaster or some other responsible individual has been authorised to expend sums up to a certain amount in providing the urgent necessaries of life. 14. Do you remember the case of considerable distress at Little River some time ago ?—Yes, there was an epidemic there. A doctor was specially sent there, and the department incurred a considerable amount of expense on that occasion. 15. Hon. the Chairman.] When was that?—About six or seven years ago. 16. Can you supply the number of Natives in the various settlements who have received medical aid? —I shall furnish the information.* 17. Mr. Carroll.] How long after the purchase was the appointment of Mr. Stack made?—l will furnish, in the return I have to make, the date of his appointment; it is so many years ago I cannot now speak from memory. lam aware that he held the appointment for several years. 18. You will be able to give, in your return, the date of the appointment of the Rev. Mr. Stack, and the date of the appointment of Mr. Mackay as Commissioner of the Middle Island ?— Yes. 19. And of the Medical Officers ?—I will furnish as full a return as I can of all the moneys expended and the appointments made in the Middle Island.* 20. You will also furnish the memoranda written by Mr. Mackay as Commissioner of the Middle Island?—Yes. 21. Hon. Sir J. Hall.] Are you aware whether Mr. Stack acted as Native Interpreter before the Land Court ?—I believe he has so acted. 22. Speaking on the question of relief, do you know whether or not the Provincial Government of Canterbury were in the habit of giving any assistance to Natives ?—I cannot charge my memory with that; I will look up reports on the subject, and give any information I can obtain.] 23. Mr. Carroll.] Do you know if any offer was ever made by the late Sir Donald McLean, as Native Minister, to settle Native claims in the South Island by grants of money ?—I do not remember. 24. Hon. Mr. Ballaitce.] You have stated that you have been ten years Under-Secretary of the Native Department ?—Yes. 25. Your experience of the Native Department goes beyond that period?—Yes. 26. For how many years?—l was Record Clerk in the Defence Office when the late Sir Donald McLean was appointed Native and Defence Minister. I then became his Private Secretary, and that gave me an intimate knowledge of both departments ; that was in 1869—twenty years ago. 27. Your experience extends back to 1869 ?—Yes. 28. You say that cases of indigence might be brought under the notice of the Native Department by accident—you used the word "accidentally"?—My answer has been misunderstood. I was giving a narrative, in answer to a question put before you came in, as to the means for ascertaining the cases of destitution. I may explain what I meant by the term " accidentally." At the present time there are no officers in the Middle Island, of the Native Department, charged with the care of the Natives. Cases of indigent Natives are brought under the notice of the department by persons who may happen to be aware of them. That has been the position since Mr. Mackay's duties as Native Land Court Judge have taken him elsewhere. In the case of the three Natives already referred to in the correspondence, their destitute condition was found out, as a matter of accident, by a person in the locality. Cases of destitution might exist and not be brought under the notice of the department from the fact of no one noticing them. On the other hand, cases of destitution might be accidentally noticed; it was in that sense I used the term " accidentally." 29. Was it the duty of Judge Mackay to report cases of that kind?—Mr. Mackay, until his appointment as Judge of the Native Land Court, was regarded as the Native Officer of the Middle Island. His duties as Commissioner of Native Reserves took him frequently among the Natives in the Middle Island. He was called upon annually to report, as Native Officer for the Middle Island, as to the state of the Natives generally, and therefore it was assumed that he had a responsibility over the whole Middle Island of bringing anything of the sort under the notice of the General Government. -5 30. Had Judge Mackay any means of knowing any individual cases of destitution ?—I should say his frequent visits and duties would give him the best opportunity of knowing of such cases.

* For returns promised by witness v. post. t Mr. Mackay states, in a telegram of the Bth instant, " It may be confidently stated that the Provincial Government contributed nothing to the support of sick and destitute Natives."

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31. Any sudden cases of destitution?—No, not sudden cases of destitution. 32. Is it the custom of the Natives to take care of their own destitute ?—I should say not in every case. 33. It is not ? —I should say not. 34. You refer now to the Middle Island ?—I refer to the fact generally that Natives sometimes neglect their sick and destitute. In the case of the three old Native women referred to —one of whom was the widow of an important chief—the people went away and left them simply to die. They were left without food. They were blind, and when found through the means of Mr. Smith, a Justice of the Peace, one of them was living upon roots which she dug out of the ground. 35. Is it a general rule to refuse food to Natives ?—Certainly not; food is a matter of common property. It is, nevertheless, a fact that in cases of destitution represented to the Government the destitute Natives were neglected by the persons responsible for looking after them. On the other hand, there are cases in which Natives who had no direct responsibility have generously taken -fevy good care of destitute persons. 36. Where these cases have been brought under the notice of the department has it always considered it to be its duty to relieve them ?— Yes, as a rule. 37. Always?—Well, of late years—the last few years—the department has had very limited funds at its disposal, and has had to exercise very strict economy. The principle has been recognised that the law made no difference between destitute Europeans and destitute Natives. What the department has endeavoured to do —as has been stated in this circular letter—was to urge the local charitable bodies to deal with destitute Maoris in the same way as Europeans. 38. Is not that a very recent course of procedure ? Has it not always been the custom of the department to relieve destitution wherever it was found? —Where destitution has been brought under the notice of the Government. In Mr. Bryce's time a similar effort was made. 39. It was not responded to ?—No. 40. And the department continued to administer relief in cases of destitution?—Yes—that is to say, the department never allows a case of destitution that is brought under its notice to suffer because the local bodies or others neglect their duty. 41. Until recently how many Native Agents have you had in the South Island?—Apart from Mr. Mackay, there have only been two within the last ten years—Mr. Stack at Canterbury and Mr. Watt at Dunedin. These are the only salaried Native Agents who have been in the Middle Island for many years past. 42. Are there any other agents from whom you receive information as to cases of destitution ? —The Native schoolmasters have called attention to cases. 43. Has that been their duty ?—lt has not been made a part of their duty, so far as I know. 44. But they have done so ?—Yes. 45. Have you ever refused relief in any case?—Never. 46. Never?—Not that I can remember. 47. Hon. Mr. Shepkard.] Is it a fact that Mr. Alexander Mackay, when he was living and acting in the Middle Island, did not wait to report to the Government, but immediately relieved any pressing cases of destitution?—Mr. Mackay, as Commissioner of Native Reserves, may have dealt with some cases of destitution out of the funds at his disposal in that capacity. Of course that is distinct from Native Department expenditure proper. He would simply deal with the cases of those who had a right to participate in the funds at his disposal. My remarks do not refer to any of the owners of Native reserves who would have a right to participate in rents. 48. Has he relieved the Ngaitahu Natives from time to time without waiting to consult the Native Department ?—I should think not. It would not be proper that an officer should deal with public moneys without referring to the department. 49. At present you say that no one reports officially to the Government; it is only private individuals ?—There is no Native officer in the Middle Island. 50. Where is the general care and solicitude of the General Government for the Natives in that district—that seems to have disappeared ?—The fact at present is that cases brought under the notice of the Government receive attention, but there is no Native officer resident in the Middle Island charged with the general care of the Natives there. 51. Precisely, it is as you put it—mere accident. 52. That there is nothing in the nature of general care or solicitude exercised by the Government ? 53. That general care and solicitude disappears ?—I think I can simply state the fact that there is no Native officer in the Middle Island at the present time, leaving the Committee to draw their own inference. 54. That is the inevitable inference, and successive Governments have endeavoured to transfer their responsibility to the local bodies ?—The circular letter read is the first official communication to the local bodies in that direction that lam aware of. The matter has been frequently mentioned in a general way. 55. I understood you to say that Mr. Bryce made an attempt in that direction ?—Yes ; Mr. Bryce made minutes to that effect, and gave it as his opinion that there should be no distinction between Natives and Europeans generally throughout the colony as regards the care of the destitute. 56. Was that communicated to the local bodies ?—I do not remember that it was. 57. Clearly this recent circular that you have read is an attempt on the part of the Native Department to rid itself of the responsibility and to throw it on the local bodies ? 58. lion, the Chairman.] Am I right in gathering from your evidence that if the Native Department were called upon to furnish a report at the present time, or at any time since the removal of Judge Mackay, on the general condition of the Natives in Ngaitahu they would be unable to furnish it ? —Yes ; from any present local knowledge.

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59. I do not ask if within their knowledge ; I ask whether the Native Department would have been unable, and are now unable, to furnish a report, from their knowledge, of the state of the Ngaitahu ? —Yes. 60. Do you know whether any steps were taken to supply the place which had been filled byJudge Mackay after his removal ?—I conclude that it was part of the retrenchment considered necessary—that it was recognised that the Middle Island does not require a local Native officer; in fact, I may say there are now no Native local officers in New Zealand apart from the Eesident Magistrates. 61. Do you know how many Ngaitahu Natives there are in the Middle Island?—The Native population of the Middle Island is about 2,000, I suppose the Ngaitahu Natives would be more than half that number. 62. Do you consider or not that to supervise the condition of Ngaitahu efficiently a permanent local inspector, or one or more, are necessary? If you were called upon to advise on that subject, what would you say ?—I should think that the better course would be to charge the Eesident Magistrates with the local oversight in these matters, leaving the Head Department to deal with the general oversight. 63. Do you consider that there is no use in attempting to devolve upon the local bodies the care or responsibility for these Natives ? What I mean to convey is :do you think that the thing would lead to nothing practical or efficient ?—I fear the cases of Natives might be neglected. At the same time, it is to be supposed "that Charitable Aid Boards, having local officers, could make themselves acquainted with local circumstances, and should therefore be as well able to judge and inquire into cases of N<ative destitution as that of Europeans, if they would charge themselves with the duty. 64. Do you think that they would be as useful in inquiring into Native cases as the Resident Mtagistrates whom you suggest should be appointed ?—I should think not, unless they felt a responsibility in the matter. The same channels of information would be, however, open to the Charitable Aid Boards as to the Resident Magistrates. 65. Hon. Mr. Pharazyn.] Would the employment of Resident Magistrates not interfere with the discharge of their ordinary duties as Magistrates?—l should think not. As a matter of fact, throughout the North Island the Resident Magistrates are generally charged with this responsibility. They were in the former days, when there was a great deal to do in Native matters. In making this suggestion I have followed out what has been the practice for many years. 66. Was that not only the case in Native districts, where their ordinary judicial functions were not very onerous? —In some cases, no doubt, the chief work of the Resident Magistrates formerly was their Native duties. The tendency in every Native Resident Magistrate's district is that as the Native duties become less the ordinary judicial duties become more. Gradually officers who have started as Native Resident Magistrates find that their European duties have become the largest, but still they remain with their Native responsibility. There is a Resident Magistrate at Tauranga, for example—Mr. Bush. Formerly a divided salary used to be paid. The Justice Department would pay what they considered their fair quota and the Native Department would pay their share for Native work. That was considered by the Government to be unsatisfactory, and now only one salary is paid no matter what departmental duties are performed. In many parts of the North Island the Resident Magistrate is charged with Native duties ; and in all parte of the North Island, if any question arises and there is no local Native officer, the Resident Magistrate is the officer communicated with. I made the suggestion of Resident Magistrates being charged with this duty because it appears to me that a Resident Magistrate in any district throughout the colony is a General Government officer; lie is the important Government representative of the district. That is the view I take of it. 67. Mr. Monk.] Did you wish to convey the impression just now that the common practice of the Natives was to neglect their aged and destitute? —I did not wish to convey the impression that it was a common practice. All I wished to convey is the fact that there are reports in the Native Office where the ground of claim in destitute cases has been that the Natives are neglected by their own people. 68. Are you not aware that in these instances there is some special reason for their doing so other than tlie mere fact of the Natives being aged or destitute? For instance, when they become silly or are believed to be possessed of some supernatural power which makes the other Natives afraid to go near them, and which they call makutu ? —No doubt the old feeling of makutu and tapu operates in some cases. I have met with cases where, when the Natives had the impression that any particular Native was going to die, they have had the sick person carried out of the whare, put in a little tent, and simply left to die. 69. The taking them aw-ay from the whares was in order to prevent their dying in those buildings, for if they died there the other occupants of the whares would feel bound to desert them? That is so. That ancient feeling no doubt leads to the neglect of those who are not likely to last very long. 70. Are you not aware that some Natives have been shunned by their people through the belief that coming in contact with them would accomplish the death of those who came in contact with them? —I am not aware of any such cases. 71. Are the aged made aware that the Government feel such, a responsibility that if they are destitute and apply to the Government they would obtain relief ?—I think there is not a Native in New Zealand that does n<ft feel that if they are in want they have a right to look to the Government. 72. And they will do so?—They will do so. As a matter of fact, the Natives regard the Government as a sort of father. 73. Mr. Carroll.] Do you know of many cases in which indigent Natives have been neglected by those who should look after them ?—I have known of several cases. What I wish to convey is this, that these cases are not singular. Such cases have been represented to the Government.

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74. They should not have been in that position had they been looked after by their own people?—They should not. 75. Who should look after them —their own relatives ?—Their own relatives, I think. 76. Are you prepared to say that the relatives are in a position to look after them ?—I have some specific cases in my mind, but I do not wish to lay down any general principle from those cases. There have been cases in which it is represented that the Natives are neglected by their own relatives, and are therefore left in indigent circumstances, and an urgent appeal made to the Government to provide for them. 77. There are cases where they become destitute through the neglect of their relatives?—Yes. 78. Well, are there other cases?—No doubt there are other cases. 79. Cases where there has been no neglect on the part of relatives ?—Probably there are such cases. 80. Hon. Mr. Shephard.] You think the Relieving Officers might act. You prefer that'the Resident Magistrates should perform the duty; and you think the officers of the Charitable Aid Boards might act ?—The Charitable Aid Boards' work is not connected with the Native Department. Ido not know what machinery they have. Assuming that they have local machinery, Ido not see why the machinery should not be extended to Natives as well as to Europeans. 81. There seems to be a difficulty in the way. The officers of the Charitable Aid Boards would not care to discover cases that they knew would impose a burden on their employers and that they disclaimed any right to bear?—lf the Boards' salaried officers charged themselves with this duty 1 think they might do it. 82. Does it not seem very unlikely that the Board would pay their officers to deal with cases that they held themselves not to be responsible for?—Of course if they took that view of their duties they would fail to look after the destitute Natives. 83. In case this circular were* withdrawn and the Government relieved these cases, do you think the Charitable Aid Boards would allow their officers to look after them ?—The case of destitute Natives requires to be dealt with in some systematic way. At present, particularly in the Middle Island, where there are no local officers, the cases are brought under the notice of the Government in a more or less haphazard way. I mean that some cases may be known and others may not be known. If the Charitable Aid Boards are not to do the work then I certainly think it is desirable that either the Native Department or some other department should be charged with the duty, so that the cases of destitute Natives should be dealt with upon a system. One Native may be living in a state of starvation and receive aid through a neighbour bringing the case under the notice of the Government, and another Native may be in similar circumstances of destitution and the Government not be made aware of it. 84. So long as this circular is held to be in force by the Government any cases of destitution that may be discovered by the officers of a Charitable Aid Board would be held by the Government to be subject to relief to be given by the Board itself: would not that be so ? —Yes, as long as the Charitable Aid Boards are held liable. 85. So long as the Government hold that they are liable the Government would naturally say, These cases that you have discovered you must relieve out of your own funds?—Yes, that is so. 86. In what cases can you conceive that Charitable Aid Boards would employ officers to seek out cases that they hold they are not liable for ? —I do not see that any difference should be made between the case of Natives and that of Europeans. 87. I mean the circular would stand in the way of the Believing Officers, or whatever they are called. So long as that circular is held to apply, the officers would not be permitted to act :is not that so ? —lf I understand your question, you say as long as the Charitable Aid Boards refused to recognise this as their duty. 88. No; I said so long as the Government insist upon Charitable Aid Boards doing this particular work, and they refused, they would not allow their officers to act ?—That is a question for the Charitable Aid Boards. 89. It is a matter of expediency that some authority should deal with the destitute Natives ? — I do not see how I can answer an abstract question. 90. Hon. the Chairman.] We shall now go into the question of hospitals and schools. Would you tell the Committee whether there are any Native hospitals in the Middle Island?—l inquired from the officer in charge of the hospitals as to whether Natives availed themselves of hospitals in the Middle Island. 91. That is not my question. Are there any special Native hospitals in the Middle Island?— No, not that I am aware of. 92. Do the Natives avail themselves of the public hospitals?—Yes; whether to a large or limited extent I cannot say. 93. Is there any restriction against their availing themselves of them ? —None, as I am informed. 94. Do you know whether their wants in respect of hospitals and medical attendance are sufficiently looked after ?—The special Native medical attendance provided in the Middle Island is very small. At the present time there is one Native medical officer in the Canterbury District. 95. Mr. Ormond.] Where ?—At Kaiapoi. His name is Dr. Murray. 96. Where ? —At Kaiapoi. He receives £25 a year. 97. Hon. the Chairman.] Is there any provision for the Natives living south of Kaiapoi—at Akaroa and Little River? —No" special provision. 98. Or at Teinuka, or anywhere in the neighbourhood of Timaru ?—No. 99. Or at W'aikouaiti ?—No, none whatever. 100. Do you know whether there is any prejudice on the part of the Natives against using European hospitals such as renders hospital-accommodation comparatively useless to them ?—I have heard so ; but the Natives do use the hospitals occasionally.

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101. lii the South?—Yes. 102. Mr. Ormond.l Is that one officer the wdiole provision made for Government medical aid ? —Yes, in the Province of Canterbury. 103. How long has that prevailed ?—Formerly there were two Medical Officers in Canterbury District : Dr. Guthrie, at Akaroa, and Dr. Gumming, at Temuka : Dr. Guthrie resigned and Dr. Ovenden was appointed at Kaiapoi; he was succeeded by Dr. Murray: Dr. Gumming resigned in 1881. 104. That has been the provision for some time past ?—Yes. 105. What was the provision in the past generally?—For some years past there have not been more than three Medical Officers in the Provinces of Canterbury, Otago, and Southland. I will supply particulars of previous dates in a return. The gentlemen appointed as Medical Officers receive from £26 to £50 a year as a subsidy for providing medicine and medical attendance, and they are allowed to charge Natives who can afford to pa)-. In some cases of epidemic, where the ordinary remuneration was clearly inadequate, a special payment has been made. For instance, some years ago there was an epidemic of typhoid fever at Little Eiver, and the Government paid some £200 for special attendance on the Natives on that occasion. 106. Was there not a similar case of epidemic in Stewart Island some time ago?—J believe so. I quoted Little Eiver as one case of epidemic. In cases of epidemic which needed special attendance there has been special remuneration, but the ordinary medical attendance was supposed to be met by the subsidy paid. 107. So far as you know, what has been the practice with regard to the treatment of Natives in the hospitals of the Middle Island?—l asked the question of an officer connected with hospitals (Mr. Govett), and he informed me that the practice of the hospitals was to get payment where they could. He found it difficult to state how many Natives are at hospitals in the Middle Island, but he found at least four Natives in hospitals in the Middle Island: he thought there were more. As to payment, he said that every one leaving the hospital has to sign a paper undertaking to pay, and that the hospitals generally tried to recover from some one or other. They do sometimes from the Native Department for treatment of Natives. The Natives generally have the same right as Europeans to admission to hospitals. In cases of destitute Natives they would not be called upon to pay ? 108. Is it distinctly understood that Natives are admitted to all hospitals in the Middle Island on application ?—What I have stated above is all the information I have on the subject. 109. Hon. Sir J. Hall.] In the early days were there not what were called " colonial surgeons"—Dr. Donald, Lyttelton, was one —appointed to attend the Natives? —I think in the very early days that was the title given to medical officers receiving pay from the Government. 110. And they received a salary from the Government? —I believe so. 111. Irrespective of any special appointment, they were employed for the benefit of the Natives ? —Yes; there were such medical officers in the North Island, and I think in the South. 112. I was asking the question generally. Were there not officers called " colonial surgeons," in the early days, who received a salary from the Government ? —I am aware that there were such officers. 113. Was it not the duty of such " colonial surgeons " to give medical assistance to the Natives if they applied for it? —I should say so. 114. Are you aware whether any applications have been made by or on behalf of Natives for medical assistance which have been refused or not complied with ?—We have had applications from the Middle Island for the appointment of Native Medical Officers, but there has been a difficulty in getting doctors to undertake the duties at the amount which the Government are able to offer. There has also been this difficulty : Applications have been made for medical assistance at places wdiere there has been no medical practitioner within a reasonable distance, and the Natives have had to be informed that the Government could not accede to their request on this ground. If a doctor did not reside within a hundred miles you could not expect him to visit a Native settlement except at a rate of remuneration beyond the means of the department to pay. 115. Was there any case in the Middle Island where a doctor resided so far from a Native district ? —I am not prepared to say a hundred miles, but a good many miles. 116. Except in those cases, have the Government or have they not complied with any applications for medical assistance ? —They have complied with some, but for sufficient reasons some have not been complied with ? 117. Hon. Mr. Swanson.] What means have the doctors of getting to know what is the matter with the Maoris in the way of communicating with them ?—No difficulty in relation to this has ever been brought under the notice of the Government. 118. Hon. Mr. Shephard.] You said that Mr. Govett told you that the Maoris had the same right as Europeans to admission to the hospitals ? —I understood him to say so. 119. Is he an authority on that matter ?—I had not an opportunity of seeing Dr. MacGregor. I consider Mr. Govett an authority. 120. Would Dr. MacGregor be an authority; he is a medical practitioner, and not a lawyer?— Of course I can only give the Committee the information I received myself in answer to these questions. I should prefer, if further information is required on the question of hospitals, that some hospital authority should be examined. Officially I know nothing of the hospitals in the Middle Island. , 121. Then I understand that there is not at the present time any Medical Officer in the whole of the Middle Island to look after cases of Native illness ? —Dr. Murray is in Canterbury. There is a doctor at Eiverton. 122. The rest of the Natives in the Middle Island have no provision for medical attendance in cases of sickness ?—There are in the Middle Island, subsidised by Government, three doctors—Dr. Murray, of Kaiapoi; Dr. Nelson, of Riverton; and Dr. Fraser, of Kaikoura.

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123. Captain Russell.] Have the Natives ever complained to the department that they have been refused admission to hospitals?—Never, to my knowledge. 124. Hon. Sir J. Hall.] Have you considered the case of Nelson; is there not provision made out of the proceeds of Native reserves there for medical attendance ? —I have no information with me as to the provision out of Native reserves for medical attendance. The information lam giving is distinct from the subject of Native reserves, which are dealt with by the Public Trustee. 125. Then there may be provision for medical attendance for Natives in the Nelson district, and also on the West Coast, out of proceeds of Native reserves ?—Yes, and at Kaiapoi too; but the provision out of Native reserves vested in the Public Trustee is dealt with by him without any reference to the Native Department, and I have no information regarding it. 126. Hon. Mr. Shephard.] Then, in the case of Native reserves, the cost of medical attendance is provided out of money belonging to the Natives themselves ?—Out of the proceeds of Native reserves. 127. What I mean is, the Government do not provide any part of that expenditure : it comes out of the proceeds of Native reserves ?—Yes. 128. Mr. Samuel.] You said that -you have no knowledge of any complaints made by Natives in the Middle Island as to their not being admitted into hospitals ?—I do not remember any. 129. Have you any knowledge of any complaints made in connection with their not being granted charitable aid?—No, I cannot say that I have. 130. It is only in connection with these Middle Island claims, as they are called, that you have had any complaints from the Natives in the Middle Island. You have had no complaints from them that they are in indigent circumstances and not relieved? —I do not remember any specific complaints. Of course there may be such complaints, but they are not prominent or numerous. 131. You cannot remember any"?—l do not remember any at this moment. I should require to refresh my memory from the records in order to speak with certainty on the subject. 132. Hon. the Chairman.] We shall now go to the question of schools. With reference to the schools at Ngaitahu, what is the present provision ?—I should like to explain to the Committee that the Native schools are dealt with by the Education Department, and therefore I am not in a position to speak with authority respecting them : the Native schools are not now a branch of the Native Department. If it be sufficient information for the Committee, I have a list of the schools, with the attendance for the March quarter, 1889, which has been furnished to me by the Education Department. [List marked B, attached, read.] Although I have visited the Middle Island my duties have taken me there so rarely that I have little local knowledge about the Middle Island. 133. You say these schools are managed by the Education Department ?—Yes. 134. Do they provide the funds ?—lt is part of the Education vote, as placed on the estimates. 135. The Native Department have no control whatever over these schools ?—None whatever. 136. Captain Russell.] Are the children of the Native race allowed to go to European schools, do you know ?—I know as a fact that in some parts of the North Island the Native children go to European schools. Ido not know about the Middle Island. 137. Hon. Sir J. Hall.] The return you are to prepare for the Committee will contain a statement of what has been done in the matter of schools in times past ?—I will get all the information about the schools from the Education Department.* 138. I mean in times jiast, before they were placed under the Education Department ?—As soon as the Education Department took over the schools all the records of early days were handed over to them, and with assistance from them the Native Department will be able to furnish the return. 139. The Committee want to know what has been done in times past in regard to Native schools before you were Under-Secretary : what schools were maintained by the Government, and at what cost; also whether any applications have been made for schools which were not complied with ?—I will endeavour to furnish the information desired. 140. Are there any reserves in Ngaitahu the proceeds of which are applied to the maintenance of schools? —I think not, but cannot speak positively.

* For returns promised by witness v. post.

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RETURNS, ETC., PUT IN BY MR, LEWIS.

Return of Native Officers and Medical Officers within the Boundaries of Kemp's Purchase of Ngaitahu Block from the Year 1848 to 31st March, 1889.

Native Office, Wellington, 24th August, 1889.

" Name. Date of Appointment. | Salary. J Date and Cause of Retirement. Rev. J. W. Stack .. Alexander Mackay .. £ s. d. .. i May, 1861 .. 150 0 0 .. i January, 1864-80 '< 450 0 0 i 31st October, 1880. Retrenchment. Mr. Mackay chiefly resided at Nelson, and was paid out of Native Reserve Fund. After Mr. Stack's services were discontinued in 1880, Mr. Mackay attended to Native matters in a general way in the Middle Island, and occasionally visited the southern provinces. In May, 1884, Mr. Mackay was appointed Judge of the Native Land Court, after which he practically ceased as Native Officer for the Middle Island. 1804. Resigned. 1865. Services ceased by direction of Government. September, 1865. No reason assigned in letter of resignation. 1865. Resigned. 1877. Resigned. 1879. Resigned on account of illness. 1876. Left the district. 1881. Resigned. 1881. Resigned. 1887. Resigned. Still acting. I I Dr. Beswick Dr. Dudley.. C. Hunter Brown .. 1864 .. .. ! 50 0 0 .. August, 1864 .. 125 0 0 .. January, 1865 .. 400 0 0 1864 .. .. ! 50 0 0 August, 1804 .. 125 0 0 January, 1865 .. 400 0 0 Dr. McLean Dr. Caro Dr. Rayner.. Dr. Drury Dr. Cumming Dr. Guthrie Dr. Ovenden Dr. Murray ., July, 1865 .. ! 75 0 0 .. July, 1870 .. : 25 0 0 .. July, 1870 .. 25 0 0 .. 1871 .. .. 25 0 0 .. 1880 .. .. 25 0 0 .. i 1880 .. .. 50 0 0 .. 1881 .. .. 50 0 0 .. 1888 .. .. 25 0 0 July, 1865 .. ! 75 0 0 July, 1870 .. 25 0 0 July, 1870 .. 25 0 0 1871 .. .. 25 0 0 1880 .. .. 25 0 0 1880 .. .. 50 0 0 1881 .. .. 50 0 0 1888 .. .. 25 0 0

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Return of Native Officers and Medical Officers in the Provinces of Canterbury, Otago, and Southland, inclusive of Ruapuke and Stewart Island, from the Year 1848 to the 31st March, 1889.

Native Office, Wellington, 24th August, 1889.

3—L 10.

Name. Date of Appointment. Salary. Locality. Nature of Office held. Date and Cause of Retirement. A. 0. Strode .. .. j October, 1857 .. 100 0 0 ' Otago .. .. Assistant Native Secre- It appears that Mr. Strode was appointed Native Secretary at Otago at the date tary named, but no particulars can be ascertained on the matter. Rev. J. W. Stack .. j May, 1861 .. .. 150 0 0 | Canterbury .. Interpreter .. .. 31st October, 1880. Retrenchment. I. N. Watt .. .. i January, 1863 .. 50 0 0 Southland .. Native Officer .. Retired, 30th June, 1880, owing to reductions in department. Increased in 1865 .. 75 0 0 * j Further incresised, 1865 150 0 0 j Alexauder Mackay .. | January, 1864-1880 .. 450 0 0 ! Nelson and Welling- .. Mr. Mackay chiefly resided at Nelson, and was paid out of Native Reserves Fund. ton After Mr. Stack's services were discontinued in 1880, Mr. Mackay attended tc Native matters in a general way in the Middle Island, and occasionally visited the southern provinces. In May, 1884, Mr. Mackay was appointed Judge of the Native Land Court, after which he practically ceased as Native Officer for the Middle Island. Dr. Beswick .. .. 1S64 .. .. .. 50 0 0 Canterbury .. j Medical Officer .. 1864. Resigned. Dr. Dudley .. .. August, 1864 .. .. j 125 0 0 ' „ .. i „ 1865. Services ceased by direction of Government. C. Hunter Brown .. January, 1865 .. j 400 0 0 . Canterbury, Otago, | Civil Commissioner for September, 1865. Resigned. No reason assigned in letter of resignation. and Southland Native Affairs Dr. McLean .. .. i July, 1865 .. .. 75 0 0 ', Canterbury .. i Medical Officer .. ; 1865. Resigned. N. H. Riemenschneider .. i 1865 .. .. .. j 100 0 0 Otago .". ' .. Interpreter .. .. 1886. Died. Dr. Densham .. .. l July, 1865 ..' .. 35 0 0 Southland .. ! Medical Officer. I Increased in 1871 .. I 40 0 0 I Increased in 1875 .. ! 50 0 0 .. .. ! Resigned August, 1880. Dr. Caro .. .. ! July, 1870 .. .. I 25 0 0 ! Christchurch .. : Medical Officer .. ' 1877. Resigned. Dr. Rayiier .. .. j July, 1870 .. .. j 25 0 0 „ .. : „ 1879. Resigned on account of illness. Rev. J. F. Wohlers (allow- i 1870 .. .. .. 15 0 0 ' Ruapuke .. ..[ „ 11880. Resigned. ance for drugs for Rua- I puke Natives) Dr. Drury .. .. 1871.. .. .. 25 9 0 ; Christchurch .. „' j 1876. Left the district. Dr. Drysdale .. .. 1880 .. .. .. 50 0 0 Dunedin .. .. „ j 1885. Resigned. Dr. Cuurming .. .. 1880.. .. .. 25 0 0 Canterbury .. „ 11881. Resigned. Dr. Guthrie .. .. 1880.. .. 50 0 0 ,, .. . 1881. Resigned. Dr. Young .. .. 1880 .. .. .. 50 0 8 Otago .... „ : 1884. Resigned. Dr. Ovenden .. .. 1881 .. .. .. 50 0 0 Canterbury .. „ j 1887. Resigned. Dr. Nelson .. .. 1885 .. .. .. 25 0 0 Riverton .... „ I Still acting. Dr. A. B. Watts .. .. I860.. .. .. 50 0 0 . The Bluff .. „ ; 1886. Resigned. Dr. Murray .. .. 1888 .. .. .. 25 0 0 ; Kaiapoi .. .. . i Still acting.

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Return showing approximately the Amount expended by the Government on behalf of Natives within the Boundaries of Kemp's Purchase of Ngaitahu Block (exclusive of Arahura Purchase) from 1848 to the 31st March, 1889.

Native Office Wellington, 19th August, 1889

Year. Medical Attendance. Contributions to same for Natives. Hospitals Educati ion. Contributions to Buildings for Churches, Hostelry, &c. Payments to Eev. Mr. Stack, Native Officer. Salaries and Gratuities to Natives. Pensions clot lf°^ &a , t Natives. Na |? TOS . Contingencies, Surveys, Travellingexpenses, &c. Total for Y rear. Cost of Schoolbuildings. Masters' Salaries. Capitation Allowance. Books, Furniture. &c. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. i I £ s. d. i £ s. d. £ s. d. j £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. : £ s. d. 1848-49 to 1858-59.. 1859-60 ..I* 1860-61 1861-62 1862-63 1863-64 1864-65 1865-66 .. 1866-67 1867-68 1868-69 1869-70 1870-71 1871-72 1872-73 1873-74 1874-75 1875-76 1876-77 1877-78 187S-79 1879-80 1880-81 1881-82 1882-83 1883-84 1884-S5 1885-86 1886-87 1887-88 1888-89 89 7 2 50 0 0 50 0 0 8 6 8 47 18 4 47 18 4 50 0 0 49 19 0 50 8 6 63 4 6 10S 9 2 82 12 3 27 1 0 38 16 0 125 9 0 104 13 8 50 0 0 25 0 0 25 0 0 75 0 0 50 0 0 48 14 5 25 0 0 200 'o 0 200 0 0 105 17 0 60 0 0 331" 5 0 42 11 0 162 10 0 158 0 0 193 9 0 269 3 4 335 10 8 560 12 4 496 13 4 521 15 7 724 9 2 867 1 8 952 15 10 877 10 0 1,014 14 0 1,016 5 0 937 1 8 858 11 8 483 14 4 45 0 0 1 16 0 19 4 3 28 3 9 3 6 0 17 10 10 15 0 3 6 2 10 30 'i 8 5 18 1 31 8 3 29 16 10 32 4 5 65 17 2 56 12 10 27 11 10 12 12 1 46 15 7 60 18 3 89 0 9 57 2 11 42 4 1 66 5 9 89 8 3 250 6 0 10 8 0 15 'o 0 ■■ " •• 150 0 0 150 0 0 i 312 18 4 221 2 2 : 150 0 0 ! 137 10 0 150 0 0 170 10 0 150 0 0 200 o o : 200 0 0 200 0 0 367 1 3 I 300 0 0 342 7 5 331 10 0 279 1 9 687 17 6 3 3 0 3 "o o : 3 0 0 « 60 0 0 42 0 0 48 13 4 123 0 8 95 0 0 93 10 0 60 0 0 07 10 0 92 10 0 55 0 0 60 0 0 140 0 0 112 10 0 ! 151 5 0 ; 82 10 0 232 10 0 83 15 0 160 0 0 165 0 0 171' 0 5 88 6 8 87 10 0 95 0 0 70 0 0 58 15 0 34 0 0 15 0 0 43 5 0 37 0 0 27 15 0 27 15 0 68 15 0 25 0 0 26 5 0 41 5 0 35 0 0 22 10 0 7 10 0 10 0 0 15 0 0 28 10 0 2 2 0 : 153 0 5 19 14 0 19 2 9 48 3 0 87 8 10 108 1 1 258 16 9 158 10 7 24 4 10 60 16 4 45 8 6 17 3 0 33 12 1 52 13 5 25 5 10 12 8 1 254 4 4 454 4 4 65 13 4 68 13 4 384 0 1 387 0 1 299 18 2 449 18 2 106 11 2 506 11 2 315 10 0 628 8 4 33 0 0 603 9 4 11 15 0 ; 359 12 0 380 18 0 ! 661 19 10 2 0 0 283 13 4 10 0 0 : 819 4 4 336 8 4 50 14 0 : 162 10 10 820 19 8 664 10 5 541 G 7 21 5 3 1,272 10 7 1 16 6 ! 1,205 15 0 50 15 2 I 1,086 17 7 45 17 8 | 1,917 0 3 450 14 11 ! 1,721 0 7 8 8 9: 1,897 19 2 61 17 11 1,039 15 8 1,305 14 6 1,765 10 4 1,439 18 11 0 10 6 1,319 0 2 ! 1,298 16 4 | 1,193 13 8 1,075 8 6 io'io o 478 'l8 9 249 14 11 599 1 0 30 0 0 67 0 11 94 15 11 475 2 9 225 4 9 27 4 0 42 13 10 11 6 0 5 0 6 Totals 1,292 18 0 I 743 18 9 i 281 8 0 4 281 8 0 4,503 1 5 4,503 1 5 1,155 2 0 10 10 0 3,240 16 4 9,946 9 3 620 4 3 2,442 17 1 494 15 0 2,555 11 3 27,287 11

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Return showing approximately the Amount expended by the Government on behalf of Natives in the Provinces of Canterbury, Otago, and Southland, inclusive of Ruapuke and Stewart Island, from the Year 1848 to the 31st March, 1889.

Native Office, Wellington, 22nd August, 1889. ,

Year. Hospitals and _ Medical Contributions Attendance. to same for Natives. Cost of Schoolbuildings. Masters' Salaries. Education, Capitation Allowance. Buildings Mr. I. N. Watt,' Books, i'or and Rev. Mr. Furniture, Churches, Stack, &c. Hostelry, &c. Native Officers. ContribuPavments to ,Tv A O Strnrl. Gratuities to Natives. Pensions to Natives. Food, Clothing, „., to Natives. Contingencies, Surveys, Travelling, &c. Total for Year. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. a. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 1848 to 1854-55 1855-56 1856-57 1857-58 * 1858-59 1859-60 1860-61 1861-62 1862-63 1863-64 1864-65 1865-66 1866-67 1867-68 1868-60 1869-70 1870-71 1871-72 1872-73 1873-74 1874-75 1875-76 1876-77 1877-78 1878-79 1879-80 1880-81 1881-82 1882-83 1883-84 1884-85 1885-86 1886-87 1887-88 1888-89 5 0 0 4 9 0 8 8 0 ! 128 16 5 85 0 0 127 10 0 59 11 8 7 10 0 112 IS 4 .134 18 10 108 15 0 133 11 6 107 18 6 212 0 3 327 14 2 209 13 9 134 15 0 85 1 0 299 17 0 187 13 8 153 10 0 130 0 0 59 17 5 115 16 0 50 0 0 88 14 11 72 10 7 5o"o 0 - • ■■ 15' 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 10 10 0 200"0 0 '• •• 200 0 0 I 200 0 0 105 17 0 29 1 5 219 _ 0 40 0 0 485 14 6 48 11 0 .. I " I i .. .. 128 6 10 708 10 8 183 15 0 154 17 8 97 5 0 206 3 9 99 4 4 153 8 7 363 1 8 328 12 10 356 0 0 155 6 7 456 15 8 311 16 4 560 0 0 222 8 2 695 16 8 186 7 7 1,013 7 2 105 0 4 920 15 7 105 12 10 1,245 15 10 56 12 6 1,593 3 7 10 0 0 1,520 0 0 1,338 10 3 1,742 10 0 1,716 16 0 - 1,543 19 10 1,494 5 6 1,199 19 8 18,269 8 7 2,704 17 10 .. I I 380 0 0 .. 250 0 0 50 5 10 i 50 0 0 3 0 0 16 8 0 0 15 0 13 10 10 20 0 0 8 5 0 47 8 3 23 11 9 45 6 8 | 11 0 3 15 0 0 67 17 0 33 8 4 52 14 5 148 1 9 72 17 6 89 7 3 24 1 2 166 12 0 192 10 5 222 14 1 ! 123 1-9 77 0 6 : 133 5 6 ! 102 11 1 j 50 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 250 0 0 275 0 0 487 18 4 421 2 2 240 1 1 243 13 0 225 0 0 295 10 0 300 0 0 150 0 0 350 0 0 350 0 0 350 0 0 517 1 3 450 0 0 307 7 5 406 10 0 279 1 9 687 17 6 103 3 0 3 "o 0 "3 0 0 238 9 11 183 16 8 160 6 8 177 3 4 168 6 8 252 10 0 258 10 0 295 0 0 240 0 0 353 10 0 447 0 0 240 0 0 265 0 0 445 0 0 315 0 0 130 0 0 250 0 0 390 0 10 LSO 0 0 175 0 0 176 0 5 97 1 8 87 10 0 95 0 0 70 0 0 - - .. " .. 'I i j 58 15 0 34 0 0 15 0 0 43 5 0 37 0 0 05 5 0 70 5 0 113 15 0 85 0 0 86 5 0 101 5 0 95 0 0 82 10 0 60 16 8 82 10 0 85 0 0 • " - 28 10 6 ! 4 17 6 5 14 4 94 16 6 97 19 0 85 5 7 27 7 6 19 2 9 64 10 11 103 5 1 162 15 5 273 2 9 205 11 3 63 13 11 113 4 6 173 17 5 90 0 0 133 11 4 142 11 0 124 13 5 98 8 9 254 4 4 65 13 4 384 0 1 430 3 9 241 11 2 399 6 2 33 17 0 11 15 0 381 18 0 3 10 235 17 3 306 5 5 284 2 4 75 11 6 153 2 10 127 10 10 213 7 2 7 2 3 98 12 8 104 15 5 871 18 8 252 2 3 108 10 8 86 13 11 28 9 3 250 0 0 5 0 0 888 13 4 177 1 4 487 0 1 680 3 9 766 11 2 1,176 0 3 1.017 12 3 617 19 9 1,007 4 3 456 14 4 1,936 5 1 1,380 5 9 1,374 14 8 1,684 4 8 1,944 17 1 1,681 3 8 2,837 9 2 2,676 12 0 2,204 8 1 3,166 7 11 2,839 12 7 3,737 9 6 2,575 14 9 2,734 14 10 2,624 9 1 2,639 8 5 2,533 13 8 2,021 5 4 2,061 17 3 1,663 12 5 • - 50"o 0 | 473 18 9 703 3 2 8 10 6 710 17 10 30 17 6 486 10 11 10 7 11 428 9 5 484 16 9 253 0 0 260 10 6 59 7 4 43 7 11 35 2 4 •' 4 6 5 Totals .. 3,151 11 0 375 10 0 5,517 16 3 1,115 11 8 2,113 5 5 5,163 18 8 53,548 5 5 1,659 0 6 j 781 13 10 6,999 5 6 5,696 6 2

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Mr. W. J. Morpeth to Mr. T. W. Lewis. Mr. Lewis. Native Office, 27th August, 1889. With reference to the information required by the Joint Committee upon the Middle Island Native Claims, as to whether or not the Provincial Governments contributed towards the support of the sick or destitute Natives, I have to state, as a result of the inquiries I have made, that I have failed to find that the Provincial Governments of Canterbury, Otago, or Southland contributed towards the support of Natives of the class referred to. W. J. Morpeth, Chief Clerk.

A.—Circular No. 22. Slß,— Native Office, Wellington, 12th November, 1888. I have the honour, by direction of the Hon. Mr. Hislop, in the absence of the Hon. the Native Minister, to inform you that, after careful consideration, the Government has decided that for the future indigent persons of the Native race who require eleemosynary aid or free medical attendance must look to the local bodies who are in receipt of subsidies to provide for charitable aid to meet their requirements, and that such bodies must be held responsible to provide what may be necessary. ♦ I am to add that if cases are brought under notice of the Government in which the local body is neglecting to fulfil its responsibility in this direction the necessary provision will be arranged by this department, and the cost deducted from the subsidy due to the local body. I am also to add that, should it appear that the burden thus cast upon any local body in any year is out of proportion to the rates received in respect of Native lands or subsidies, special application may be made to this department if such body has fulfilled its duty with respect to the sick and indigent, and the Government will consider in such case whether any special aid shall be given.' I am further to say that the Minister hopes that in all cases of Maoris of means an effort will be made to recover from them, in the same manner as if they were Europeans, any money expended for their benefit. I have, &c, Jas. Locke, Esq., Secretary, T. W. Lewis, Waitaki Hospital and Charitable Aid Board, Oamaru. Under-Secretary. Similar circular sent to Secretaries of all Hospital and Charitable Aid Boards.

Return showing the Maori Population (including Half-castes) in the Provinces of Canterbury, Otago, and Southland (inclusive of Ruapuke and Stewart Island); also those that are living within the boundaries of Kemp's Purchase, Ngaitahu Block. See Maori Census of 1886, G.-12, Appendix to the Journals, House of Representatives, Vol. III., 1886.

Native Office, Wellington, 24th August, 1889.

Sir E. O. Gibbes to the Undek-Secretaey, Native Department. Education Department, Wellington, 24th July, 1889. In compliance with your memorandum of the sth instant, I send you the enclosed statements respecting Native education in the Middle Island: — Expenditure. —Eeturn No. 1 is a statement of the moneys expended out of the votes of the General Assembly ; Eeturn No. 2 shows the expenditure out of Native .Reserve Funds. These statements are for the years 1880 to 1888, the period during which this department has had the administration of the schools. Natives have the same right as Europeans to send their children to the ordinary public schools. A fair number of Native children do attend these schools, and, of course, a proportionate share of expenditure on account of such schools is absorbed by them, but I have not estimated the amount of it. _ European Children attending Native Schools. —Return No. 3 gives this information as at the 31st December last. The numbers given include not only pure Europeans, but children having European parents on the one side and half-caste parents on the other, whom this department regards as being European. Native Children attending Public Schools. —Return No. 4 gives this information. I have no means of ascertaining what proportion of .all the Native children in the Middle Island attend public schools. A mnjirri c> fnv Qrlmnle rPtie~j nnlu eeTH-relrr'n l.r nn ■fni" a. -r>nr-,r,l TOnl/in lino. Ik^oti tticklo fc f.e-»'_

Counties. Maori Population within Kemp's Purchase, Ngaitahu Block. Maori Population in Provinces of Canterbury, Otago, Southland, &c. Ashley and adjacent islands Selvvyn Akaroa Geraldine Waimate Waitaki Waikouaiti 173 118 197 107 52 139 173 173 118 197 107 52 139 173 Total 959 Taieri Maniototo Peninsula Clutha Southland Wallace Stewart Island and adjacent islands Lake 47 6 54 31 7 193 151 2 Total 1,450

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(i) and (-) paid from Nelson General Account, P) paid from Greymouth Account, (*}, (-), (-!, and (!) from Hokonui Account, «

No. 2.—Return of Expenditure out of Native Reserve Funds in Connection with the Education of Maori Children in the Middle Island.

No. 1.—Return of Expenditure in Connection with the Education of Maori Children in the Middle Island.

Schools. Total. &_?£. Marlborough County. I *— D'Urville w,,-r, nwn j Wairan • Man gaIslaild. wa_awa. waiiau. ( —-„„,,_ Westland County. AshleyCounty. Eapaki. j Little Eiver. | Akaroa County. Onuku. Taumutu. Waikouaiti County-. Peninsula County. Taieri County. Clutha County. Wallace County. Stewart Island County. Mangamauuu. Arahura. Kaiapoi. Waikouaiti. Otago Heads. T,^.™ __15__ ! E«erton- " i Colac. Neck, Euapuke. £ s. d. 2,428 7 10 2,183 7 0 2.807 15 0 2,594 18 4 2,487 5 % 2,019 16 10 2,516 13 10: 2,009 2 1 1,783 4 2 21,430 10 3 £ s. d. »».. 34 6 S 82 5 6 112 13 2 ! 84 9 8 £ s. d. £ s. d. 200 7 9 91 12 1 191 14 6 66 8 2 240 8 0 -76 8 0 204 1 7140 2 6 175 2 8 53 10 4 141 9 1 59 14 7 171 1 7111 16 3 130 4 7 89 1 9 113 13 2 56 19 8 1,568 2 1L745 13 4 £ s. d. 160 19 1 248 17 8 171 0 0 208 15 4 180 16 3 221 2 7 129 11 2 96 16 1 71 18 9 £ s. d. 71 17 6 -• £ s. d. 162 15 11 215 5 4 301 11 4 282 14 0 332 17 10 334 16 8 337 12 1 305 16 10 260 16 6 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 198 17 2 126 18 8 196 17 6 165 7 9' 146 15 2 134 11! 209 18 10! 177 4 8 151 10 8; 185 18 6 172 4 2 155 12 l^OO 10 9 219 12 10: 131 19 0 246 4 3 192 14 10; 171 4 10 172 11 5 210 5 2 106 4 6 239 17 10 218 1 8 181 6 5 174 5 10 188 14 11 165 2 11 281 18 8 1,789 11 81,439 0 41,752 19 4406 10 9 I I £ s. d. 252 17 10 233 4 1 294 6 6 2S1 5 0 286 9 10 264 4 1 275 0 3 248 9 6 231 1 10 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. dj. £ 8. d. £ s. d. 215 19 4 39 11 4 439 12 2117 5 0 225 3 10 1 1 3 113 10 0122 10 2: 108 5 3 553 8 3 5 4 0 155 11 0145 5 7 120 17 8 269 14 5 7 7 3 184 7 9 21 8 10 21 19 8 176 6 8 6 11 7 121 9 11145 9 10; 244 13 0 191 9 9 7 12 129 9 4130 7 4: 399 10 6 2 1 1 132 16 3147 13 3! 292 18 8 1 7 0 2 4 5 . 92 18 2 .. : 204 4 11 0 9 9 62 4 8 .. | 144 17 6 1,633 9 371 11 101,431 19 3830 0 o!l,537 7 2 £ s. d. 122 16 6 158 2 9 165 0 6 22 16 6 146 1 4 119 14 0 217 10 3 151 11 9 120 16 2 £ s. d. 30 0 0 53 0 0 40 0 0 30 0 0 20 0 -0 50 0 0 i 1313 15 0: 1,489 16 9 71 17 6 2,534 6 6 ,2,366 18 11 1,224 9 9 223 0 0

Schools. Year. Marlborough County. : Waimea County. Westland County. Wallace County. Stewart Island County. Total. Wairau. (i) Wakapuaka. p) | Arahura. (3) Eiverton.t- 1) Colac. (■>) The Neck, (6) I Buapuke. (-) 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1880 1887 1888 "I £ s. d. 59 15 10 58 2 0 63 15 0 65 0 0 58 5 0 53 19 9 69 18 4 86 6 2 57 11 0 £ s. a. 76 12 6 £ s. d. 76 12 6 £ s. d. 96 12 6 163 5 6 155 17 6 353 17 5 £ s. d. 42 19 4 56 10 0 24 13 4 142 1 8 38 15 0 41 5 0 £ s. d. 230 0 0 161 17 3 35 0 0 125 8 4 36 5 0 75 0 0 83 15 0 97 10 0 £ s, d. 50 0 0 59 i 8 161 10 0 47 10 8 41 5 0 46 'k 0 55 0 0 £ s. d. 20 0 0 10 0 0 £ s. d. 556 0 2 439 15 3 338 7 0 867 17 5 191 1 S 211 9 9 69 18 4 216 6 2 210 1 0 Totals 572 13 7 70 12 6 769 12 11 346 4 4 844 15 7 460 18 4 30 0 0 3,100 17 3

I.—lo.

No. 3.—Race of Children attending Native Schools in the South Island.

No. 4.—Maori Children and Children of Mixed Race attending Public Schools in the South Island.

B. Education Department, Wellington, sth July, 1889. List of Native schools in Canterbury, Otago, and Southland, with average attendance, January to March, 1889 :— Canterbury: Kaiapoi, 20; Eapaki, 30; Little Eiver, 19; Onuku, 37. Otago : Waikouaiti, 34 ; Port Molyneux, 24. Southland : Colac, 47. Stewart Island : The Neck, 31. [Approximate Cost of Paper.— Preparation, ail; printing (1,200 copies), £16 IOs.J

By Authority : Geoboe Didsbuby, Government Printer, Wellington.—lBB9.

M. and M.Q. H. E.Q. and E. Totals. Schools. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. D'Urville Island Waikawa Wairau Mangamaunu Kaiapoi Rapaki Little River .. Onuku Waikouaiti Port Molyneux Colac Bay The Neck 6 7 10 6 8 10 6 10 5 5 17 7 6 5 4 7 8 5 11 4 5 2 9 3 12 12 14 13 16 15 17 14 10 7 26 10 2 i '_ 1 2 5 1 2 3 1 7 1 6 5 7 11 10 1.1 12 18 7 21 17 13 28 15 6 11 5 9 14 9 12 14 17 7 19 13 13 22 15 20 26 27 19 35 34 •20 47 28 1 2 8 3 4 1 1 5 12 1 4 2 8 '- 14 1 11 4 8 11 3 10 6 5 10 4 1 21 10 13 21 7 5 '. ii Total 97 69 166 26 21 47 47 | 46 93 170 136 306

Education Districts. Pure Maoris. _ , Boys. Girls. | Tota Half-castes living as Maoris. al.; Boys. Girls. Total Half-castes living among Europeans. Total. r : . — Girls. | Total.! Boys. Girls. Total. I I Boys. Girls, j Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Marlborough .. Nelson Grey Westland North Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland i 6 2 8 .'. .. 9 10 19 '.'. '.'. '.'. 1 3 4 ; 2 3 5 3 1 4 | 1 2 3 2 .. 2 .. 1 1 21 10 37 ! 3 6 9 I 4 2 11 5 24 44 1 1 10 3 21 52 5 3 21 8 45 96 4 6 11 14 9 26 44 1 2 11 16 6 22 52 5 8 22 30 15 48 96 Total 90 88 178 114 110 224

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MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON), TOGETHER WITH EPITOMES OF THE MURIHIKU AND OTAKOU CASES, AND MINUTES OF EVIDENCE., Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1889 Session I, I-10

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MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON), TOGETHER WITH EPITOMES OF THE MURIHIKU AND OTAKOU CASES, AND MINUTES OF EVIDENCE. Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1889 Session I, I-10

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MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON), TOGETHER WITH EPITOMES OF THE MURIHIKU AND OTAKOU CASES, AND MINUTES OF EVIDENCE. Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1889 Session I, I-10

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MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON), TOGETHER WITH EPITOMES OF THE MURIHIKU AND OTAKOU CASES, AND MINUTES OF EVIDENCE. Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1889 Session I, I-10

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MIDDLE ISLAND NATIVE CLAIMS (REPORT OF JOINT COMMITTEE ON), TOGETHER WITH EPITOMES OF THE MURIHIKU AND OTAKOU CASES, AND MINUTES OF EVIDENCE. Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1889 Session I, I-10

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