EDUCATION: INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS (PAPERS RELATING TO). [In Continuation of E.-3, 1886.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1887 Session I, E-03

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1887. NEW ZEALAND.

EDUCATION: INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS (PAPERS RELATING TO). [In Continuation of E.-3, 1886.]

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His. Excellency.

No. 1. Exteact from Tenth Annual Eepoet of the Minister of Education. Industeial Schools. Eor several years past the Education Eeport has included a statement respecting the children both in industrial schools and orphanages. By the operation of " The Hospitals and Charitable Institutions Act, 1885," which has transferred the cost of maintenance of children in orphanages from the Government to local Boards, all responsibility on the part of the Education Department for the care of children in orphanages has been brought to an end. There were, however, in the industrial schools, at the end of 1885, 7 children of the same class as those in the orphanages—children, that is to say, not committed by the Magistrates but received into industrial schools under benevolent regulations —and, as 7 other children of this class were received into industrial schools in 1886, and 7 such children discharged, there still remain 7 to be considered apart from the general statistics of industrial schools. In this report no further reference will be made to orphanages, but the statistics, put in such a form as to show the changes that have occurred during the year, will relate to the industrialschool work only, and the 7 non-committed children will be added at the end, so that they may be included in the statistics required for comparison with future years. At the end of 1885 there were 1,566 children on. the books of industrial schools, of whom 1,116 were dependent on the schools for maintenance—l,ll2 being supported by the Government, and 1 (over 15 years of age) by the private schools. During the year 1886 the number of committals was 238, and 202 were removed from the roll—lBs by warrant under the hand of the Governor, 9 by deaths, 5 by transfer from Kohimarama to the Costley Institution at Auckland, Iby marriage, Iby adoption, and Iby attaining the age of 21 years. The total increase of children on the books was therefore 36; the number belonging to Government schools having been increased by 4, and the number belonging to Roman Catholic schools by 32. At the same time the number maintained has been increased by 7 only, the difference between an increase of 30 at the Roman Catholic schools, and a diminution to the extent of 23 in the other schools. This brings up the number of dependent children from 1,116 to 1,123, of whom, however, 8, being above 15 years of age, are supported not by the Government or by the Boards, but by the schools to which they belong ; so that the number maintained by the Government (wholly or in part) has risen only from 1,112 to 1,115. 1 E.—3.

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Owing chiefly to the further expansion of the boarding-out system—the number of children under that system having risen from 498 to 543 (an increase of 45) —the number of children actually residing in the schools has declined from 618 to 580, the increase in Eoman Catholic schools being 30, and the decrease in other schools 68. Table U shows the numbers of committed children maintained by the several schools, and the numbers residing in them, together with increases and decreases for the year :—

TABLE U.—Number of Committed Children maintained and in Residence.

The difference between the number of children on the books (1,602) and the number maintained (1,123) is 479, which is made up as follows : At service, 282; with friends, 165 ; absent without leave, 27 ; in hospitals, 2 ; in lunatic asylums, 2; at the Costley Institution on probation, 1. Considering that there were 1,602 names on the books, the number of deaths during the year (9) is very small. Five inmates died at the Eoman Catholic School at Nelson; 2 girls (aged 13 and 14, sisters) of consumption, after long illness ; 1 boy (aged 8) of acute pleurisy, from which he was suffering when he was admitted one month before he died; 1 boy (aged 9), who was ill when he entered the school, of heart disease ; and 1 boy (between 10 and 11) of enteritis, after six weeks' illness. A girl between 12 and 13 was sent from Burnham to the hospital at Christchurch, suffering from pneumonia, and died after five weeks' illness. The other three children were on the books of Caversham School. Two were girls—one of 13, who was living with her friends (under license), and one of about 12, idiotic and epileptic, who had been boarded out, and was afterwards sent first to the hospital and then to the asylum, where she was seized with paralysis, which terminated fatally; the third was a boy of 6, committed to Caversham from Wellington, but in siich a state of emaciation that it was necessary to send him at once to the Wellington Hospital instead of to the school, and he passed away in a few days. Of the 238 children committed (154 boys and 84 girls), 98 were described as destitute, 48 as guilty of punishable offences, 42 as living in disreputable places, 25 as vagrant, and 25 as uncontrollable. One hundred and four of these children are reported as having attended no school (65 of them being under 5 years of age), 97 had been at public schools, 29 at Eoman Catholic schools, 5 at private schools, 1 at a high school, 1 at an industrial school, and 1 at an English Board school. To the Church of England belong 106 of the children committed, to the Koman Catholic Church 94, 25 are Presbyterian, 10 Wesleyan and other Methodists, 1 Baptist, 1 Congregational, and 1 Lutheran. The statement made in Table U shows 50 cases in which the father and mother were both to blame, besides 31 in which the father's character was unsatisfactory, and 49 in which the mother was at fault, while 80 cases seem to be attributable to misfortune, and 7 others may belong to this class, and there are 21 cases in which the infor,mation does not justify any conclusion. ,

Maintained. In Residence. J Dec, 1885. Increase. Decrease. I Dec, 1885. Inoroaso. Decrease. Dec, 1880. Dec, 1880. rovernment Schools— Auckland —Kohimarama „ Kent Street Burnham Oaversham iOcal School — Thames Industrial School 'rivate Schools — S. Mary's, Ponsonby .. S. Joseph's, Wellington S. Mary's, Nelson 129 41 334 338 12 '2 5 i 12 1 124 43 327 320 11 03 1 127 155 12 "a 14 20 37 1 49 5 107 118 11 47 25 190 4 *2 51 23 218 47 23 190 4 2 51 21 218 28 28 Totals 1,110 34 27 1,123 618 36 74 580

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TABLE V. —Committed Children classified according to Parents' Circumstances and Character.

The cost of maintenance of the Thames Industrial School, which is a local school, is defrayed by the local authorities, who also receive any contributions received from the parents of the children in the school.* The private (that is, Roman Catholic) schools receive from the Government Is. a day for every child under the age of 15, except for children committed as destitute, for whom they receive payment from Hospital and Charitable Aid Boards, recoveries from parents being received by the Government or the Boards according as the liability falls on the one or the other. The Government payments to such schools was made by the Colonial Secretary's Department until the end of March, 1886. From that time to the end of the year payment was made by this department, the payments made and recoveries obtained from parents being as follows :—

TABLE W. —Payments and Recoveries, Private Schools, April to December, 1886.

The statement that the Government pays the private schools Is. a day for each child is more exact than any conclusion that could be drawn from the foregoing table. In this year particularly such a table does not afford sufficient data for correct conclusions: for the first three months, as has been stated, Government payments were made through the Colonial Secretary's Office, and in April the payments were made for March and were not affected by the deductions made in subsequent months on account of direct payments from Boards to schools. In the case of the Government schools the whole expense falls in the first place on the Government, recoveries being obtained from Charitable Aid Boards for cases of mere destitution, and also from some of the parents under orders of Court. The recoveries from Boards are part of a new system which at the end of the year had been in operation only thirteen months, and, as the payments are usually made by the quarter, the payments made in 1886 are not the full payments of four quarters, and do not represent the fair receipts of a year. On these schools the expenditure has been as follows : —

TABLE X.—Cost of Government Schools.

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liers lesori] as Children of Kick, ~. „ , Do^ ££, Character &a (or Poor). Not known or not stated. Cl2£Etar. !*■«*» Total. Fathers described as— Dead Sick, lunatic, disabled, &c. .. Of good character (or poor).. Not known or not described Of bad character Deserters 11 1 21 2 4 10 12 8 4 3 G 12 2 18 1 1 ia 7 6 1 16 5 3 12 24 11 11 2 52 8 69 28 37 44 1 15 Totals 49 33 29 i 28 71 28 238

School. ■ Government Payments. Recoveries. [ Net Expenditure by Government. 3. Mary's, Ponsonby .. 3. Joseph's, Wellington 3. Mary's Nelson £ s. a. 548 0 0 165 19 0 1,373 1G 0 £ s. a, 28 2 Ci 3 0 0 201 9 6 £ s. a. 519 17 6 102 19 0 1,172 6 6 | Totals .. I 2,087 IS 0 232 12 0 1,855 3 0

School. Cost of School. Cost of boarding out. ■ Becoveries. Net Cost. Auckland Burnham Caversham s s. a. 2,004 9 7 3,996 1(5 0 3,311 7 9 s s. a. 2,073 8 2 4,225 2 3 3,519 18 7 & s. a. 413 15 5 1,333 2 4 1,213 5 10 £ s. A. 3,664 2 4 6,888 15 11 5,618 0 6 Totals 9,312 13 4 9,818 9 0 2,960 3 7 16,170 18 9 Salary and expenses of Visiting ( ifficer 'l 241 0 2 Total 16,411 18 11 * The department has however received a sum of £33 lls. Id, as a refund on account of payments made before ;he present method of maintenance came into force,

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As the number of children maintained by these schools has varied from 842 to 820, and the expenditure has been above £19,000, the average cost for each child has been a little over £23. The ordinary payment for a boarded-out child is 7s. a week, or £18 ss. a year ; but, as many of these children require an outfit before they can be sent out to board, and as their affairs occupy much of the time of the managers of the schools and other officers, it is not possible to distinguish between the cost of maintaining the children in the schools and the cost of maintaining boarded-out children. It is also to be remembered that the officers of the institutions have responsibilities with respect to children sent to service, and to all that are on the books, and that the expenditure on the schools includes the cost of education of the children residing in them ; and that the staff of officers cannot be reduced in exact proportion to the declining numbers of resident inmates. Further, in the case of Burnham it has been thought wise to invest some money (about £200) in the improvement of the estate, in the hope that it will yield a return in future years. The department is deeply indebted to the ladies who visit all the boardedout children, and make a report on every case every month. The police authorities, too, render many important services to the department in connection with the industrial schools. Taking into account the 7 non-committed children (1 boy boarded out from Kohimarama, 2 girls boarded out from Kent Street, 1 girl sent out to service from Kent Street, and 3 boys at Caversham), the whole number belonging to the schools is 1,609, of whom 583 are in the schools, 546 boarded out, 283 at service, 165 with friends, 4 in asylums and hospitals, 1 at the Costley Institute, and 27 absent without leave. These are the numbers to be recorded for comparison with those of next year. The accounts of the Costley Institute, which received five boys from the Auckland Industrial School during the year, have been duly furnished by the Trustees, and are printed as a separate paper (E.-3a.).

No. 2. Memobandum by the Inspectok-Genebal of Schools. The following table shows the distribiition of the 1,602 committed children and the 7 noncommitted among the different schools and into classes according to their present condition, and also according to religion, as Protestant and Catholic :—

"Inmates" of Industrial Schools, 31st December, 1886.

Of the 572 Eoman Catholic children 246 are connected with Government and local schools; and of these 65 reside in the schools, 87 are boarded out, 39 are with friends, 50 at service, and 5 missing.

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Government Schools. Local School. ■ivate Schools. All Schooli Inmates. Auckland. Burnham, Cai Burnham, Caversliam. Thames. o a o 6J) .9 a Jf Nelson. >> "71 o -C5 "3 6 B. G. B. G. B. G. G. G. B. G. B. G. tn the schools ..) -. -, 9Q j Boai-aodout ..; 1|"a I With their friends it service [n hospital [n lunatic asylum it Costley Institution, on probation Absent without leave 49 70 30 27 1 5 40 10 30 79 123 20 70 1 28 97 21 21 74 114 45 66 47 94 24 45 1 3 'i 6 8 51 '.'. *8 8 1 8 68 8 68 21 2 2 128 "2 5 'l 90 '2 5 333 313 98 174 2 1 250 233 67 109 1 683 546 165 283 2 2 228 457 112 215 2 1 355 89 53 68 "l 1 7 '4 12 '3 1 23 4 1 27 1 21 "e Totals .. | 191 85 297 167 311 214 10 25 136 97 945 I I 664 1,609 1,037 , 572 7G 5: 25 % 1,6 >09 2 1 1, !09

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The next table shows the number received during the year divided according to schools, and to precedent condition. It includes 10 children transferred from one school to another:— Precedent Condition of Children admitted in 1886.

The number discharged and transferred during the year is stated in the next table: — Discharges, Deaths, and Transfers in 1886.

The increases and decreases in the numbers of children of each condition are stated below without distinction of schools:—

Numbers of 1885 and 1886 compared.

Education Department, Wellington, 31st March, 1887. Wm. Jas. Habens.

No. 3. Dr. Pukchas's Eepobt on the Auckland Schools. Sib,— Auckland, 30th March, 1887. I have this week inspected the industrial schools at Kohimarama and Kent Street, and now report as follows : — At Kohimarama I found forty-three boys present, but, as the master was absent, I could not ascertain the number on the roll. The health of all present was good; and the attack of scabies of which I informed you appears to have been subdued. The boy who has suffered from epilepsy

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tvernmont Si ;hools. Local School. rivato Schools. All Schi iols. Committed as Auckland. Bun iham. Caversham. Thai IOS. hit o a kg a § Noli ion. o M 3 3 o B. G. B. a. B. G. B. G. G. G. B. Cx. i [ Jestitute.. 'agrant .. iiving in disreputable places Incontrollable ruilty o£ punishable offences 'ransferred from other schools 1G 7 1 5 G 1 5 o 3 6 3 7 2 24 2 2 1 7 20 1 8 7 13 3 13 9 4 8 3 1 16 4 5 2 1 8 p 58 15 21 16 44 6 40 10 21 9 4 4 98 25 42 25 48 10 6 1 1 'a 1 2 1 Totals' .. ( 36 13 44 11 T ' 52 21 23 *| ! 28 16 160 88 248 4' 35 7 23 4 I 24 18 y

Govi >rnment Schi iols. Local Scliool. 'rivate Schools. 11 Sohoi )13. Eemoved by Auclj ;land. Burnham. Caveri ;ham. Thames. to Nelson. t j3 o Eh B. G. B. G. B. G. B. G. G. G. is. G. o m 3 Warrant of discharge Death Warrant of transfer to other schools Warrant of transfer to Costley Institution attaining age of 21.. Marriage Adoption 20 10 45 12 1 47 1 17 2 16 6 4 3 8 2 116 4 69 5 185 9 4 I 1 1 I 1 8 G 4 10 5 1 5 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 Totals 29 j I 10 46 16 50 22 16 6 7 10 182 80 -, ■* 212 59 16 6 12 112

Inmates. 1885. 188G. Increase or Decrease, !ommitted— In the schools Boarded out With their friends At service In hospital In lunatic asylum At Costloy Institution, on probation Absent without leave Ion-committed — In tho schools Boarded out At sorvice 618 498 15G 267 3 580 543 165 282 2 2 1 27 - 38 + 45 + 9 + 15 - 1 + 2 + 1 + 3 24 2 4 1 S 3 1 + 1 - 1 Totals 1,573 1,609 + 36

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for so many years seems less intelligent than at the last inspection, and there are two others in a semi-idiotic condition. One of these, said to be six years old, is very small, but has an immense and greatly misshapen head, due to chronic hydroceplialus. Mrs. Hogan informed me that his lack of intelligence was the cause of great trouble to the attendants, as it was found impossible to teach him to keep himself clean. He is the elder of two brothers named F . There is, in my opinion, no reason to expect any great improvement in his condition, although he may probably live many years. Notwithstanding the pleasantness of the site, and the fair bodily health of most of the boys, their general appearance is characteristic of dissatisfaction with their lot. I found everything about the premises clean and orderly ; and, notwithstanding the long continuance of exceptionally dry weather, the supply of water was not exhausted., and remained of good quality. I hear that an effort is being made to obtain funds to purchase a steam launch. I think that such a boat would be a great convenience, especially now that the number of older boys is considerably reduced. I trust that no very young boys will be kept at the school, as lam sure there is more hope for them by being placed with respectable foster-parents. In previous reports I have expressed my satisfaction with what I have seen of the boarding-out system, and another year's experience has not caused me to alter my opinion. We have had some cases of serious illness from scarlatina, whooping-cough, and diarrhoea, but happily no deaths. At the Kent Street School I found everything in excellent order, with a trifling exception. The iron pipe of the washing-boiler was unsafe, and required immediate repair, which the Matron had already asked to have done. The path which had been made for the convenience of access from Ponsonby Eoad had been disturbed in consequence of the building and enlargement of the SavingsBank, and the subsequent cutting-down of the allotments; but the manager of the bank has undertaken to have the necessary scoria-ash supplied to restore the path to its former good condition. The Matron wishes to have some more rooms added to the building—namely, another bedroom, a workroom, and an office. At the present low prices this might be done at a small cost. The girl A S , who has been suffering from partial blindness for some years, was so much worse when she returned from the hospital to the school that it became necessary to remove one of her eyes to save her from total blindness. lam glad to say that she is now so much better that she«can go about by herself, and is able to give some help in the home. I have, &c, The Secretary, Education Department, A. G. Purchas, M.E.C.S. Eng., Wellington. Medical Officer, Auckland Industrial Schools.

No. 4. Dr. Peins's Eepoet on Bubnham School. Sib,— Christchurch, 31st March, 1887. I have to report that the institution has been kept in good order throughout the year, and that every attention has been paid to the comfort and cleanliness of the inmates. The addition of a good-sized reading-room for the use of the boys has proved of great service to the school, enabling the children to pass many hours in an agreeable as well as profitable manner. The engagement of a second male attendant, who is also competent to act as bandmaster, has resulted in a marked improvement in the efficiency of the band in a very short period. The Manager, moreover, is taking steps to raise funds to procure—what is very much needed— a new set of band instruments. In addition to the farming operations, which have been undertaken with the object of contributing to the support of the school, it has been resolved to form an orchard. Two acres of land have already been planted with apple-trees, and two more are being trenched for the same purpose. I am pleased to be able to say that the boarding-out system continues to give entire satisfaction. The foster-parents chosen by the department have, as a rule, provided good homes, and the children have almost invariably been well taken care of. My experience leads me to the conclusion that it is highly desirable that the department should do everything in its power to extend the boarding-out system. The Master, Matron, and other officers appear to work in accord, and to do all that lies in their power to make the institution a comfortable home for the children under their charge. The Manager's duties and responsibilities, I may add, appear to have increased since the Hospitals and Charitable Institutions Act has come into force. I append a list of all the children treated by me, as well as a list of those treated at the Christchurch Hospital during the year. I have, &c, 11. H. Pbins, The Minister of Education, Wellington. Medical Officer.

List of Patients admitted to the Christchurch Hospital during the Twelve Months ending 31st March, 1887, from the Burnham Industrial School.

Admitted. Initials of Name. Disease. Discharged. 1th May, 1886 ith July, 1886 !5th September, 1886 ... th December, 1886 ... A. G. A. S. K. A. E. ... J. G.H. ... Chronic pneumonia Hip joint... Congestion lungs ... Sclerotitis 10th July, 1886. 10th November, 1886. Died 27th October, 1886. In hospital.

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No. 5. Dr. Buens's Eepokt on Cavebsham School. Sik, — Duuedin, Union Street, 24th March, 1887. I have the honour to transmit to you my usual annual report in connection with the Industrial school at Look-out Point. The average daily number of children residing in the school has been 132. The health of the children during the past year has been excellent; there has been no epidemic or other serious illness, and no death. lam pleased to have this opportunity of again recording my opinion of the continued excellent management of the Master and Matron. It would appear that the health of the children boarded out and residing in this district must bo equally good, as I have not been called upon to visit any of them since the end of December last. I have, &c, The Secretary of Education, Wellington. Kobekt Buens, F.R.O.S. Edin.

No. 6. Regulations for the Visiting of Industrial Schools. (Order in. Council, 13th April, 1887.) 1. The Visitors of any "Government school" established or maintained under "The Industrial Schools Act, 1882," including all persons appointed by the Minister of Education to be Visitors of such school, all Members of the General Assembly, all Judges of the Supreme Court and of District Courts, all Justices of the Peace, all Chairmen of Hospital and Charitable Aid Boards, and all Inspectors of Industrial Schools, may hold a Visitors' meeting once in every calendar month. 2. The date and place of the first Visitors' meeting for each Government industrial school shall be appointed by the Minister of Education, and notice of the same shall be given in the New Zealand Gazette at least one month before the date of such meeting. 3. At each monthly meeting the Visitors present shall elect a Chairman of the meeting. 4. At each monthly meeting the Visitors may determine the time and place of their next monthly meeting, or at any monthly meeting they may establish a rule to settle the time and place of ordinary monthly meetings. 5. Subject to the approval of the Minister, the Visitors at a monthly meeting may lay down rules affirming that business of certain kinds shall bo transacted by them at their monthly meetings, and not at any other time; and they may choose one or more of their number to exercise, on their behalf and exclusively, any powers that may bo or become necessary to be exercised in the intervals between any two meetings or between meetings generally; provided that nothing may be done by the Visitors to curtail the authority that any Visitor possesses as a Visitor under the Industrial Schools Act. 6. The Minister may at his discretion, if moved thereto by means of a resolution passed at a monthly meeting of Visitors, order that every proposal for the licensing of an inmate shall be submitted to the Visitors—or to one or more of the Visitors chosen under regulation s—before being sent to the Minister for his approval. [Approximate Cost of Paper.— Preparation, nil; printing (1,530 copies), £0 5s Cd.]

Authority: Geobgb Didsbuby, Government Printer, Wellington.—lBB7.

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