DEPARTMENT OF MAORI AFFAIRS THE DEVELOPMENT AND SETTLEMENT OF MAORI LANDS AND THE PROVISION OF HOUSES FOR MAORIS (STATEMENT UPON THE PROGRESS OF, BY THE RIGHT HON. P. FRASER, MINISTER OF MAORI AFFAIRS AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF MAORI AFFAIRS)

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1948 Session I, G-10

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1948 NEW ZEALAND

DEPARTMENT OF MAORI AFFAIRS THE DEVELOPMENT AND SETTLEMENT OF MAORI LANDS AND THE PROVISION OF HOUSES FOR MAORIS (STATEMENT UPON THE PROGRESS OF, BY THE RIGHT HON. P. FRASER, MINISTER OF MAORI AFFAIRS AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF MAORI AFFAIRS)

Presented to Both Houses of the General Assembly by Leave

CONTENTS PAGE Report by Minister of Maori Affairs .. .. .. .. 1 Part I.—State Development Schemes .. .. .. .. 4 Part ll.—Maori Land Board Undertakings .. .. .. 8 Part 111. —Maori Trust Office Activities .. .. .. .. 9 Part IV. —Maori Housing-operations and Works Organization .. .. 10 Part V.—Maori Rehabilitation Finance Committee .. .. .. 14 Part VI. —East Coast Maori Trust Lands .. .. .. .. 15 Statistical Tables .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 GENERAL REPORT It gives me much pleasure to present the report of the Board of Maori Affairs for the year ended 31st March, 1948. This year has been marked by steady progress of the Maori people in the development and settlement of their own lands under the guidance and supervision of the State. The policy of encouraging the Maori people to take their rightful place in the ranks of the Dominion's husbandry is one branch of Government's general policy of ensuring that the Maori people occupy and maintain a position in the social and industrial life of the Dominion in all respects equal to that of the rest of the community.

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The policy of development and settlement of Maori-owned lands goes beyond the mere introduction of the arts of good husbandry among the Maori people. Besides the important factor of land-utilization, it has as its purpose also the stimulation of self-help and self-reliance amongst a people who exhibit a definite desire to play their full part in the life of the Dominion. It also surmounts difficulties in Maori-land titles, which in former years had dissuaded financial institutions from advancing moneys upon the security of such titles and had thereby discouraged many of the Maori owners of lands from becoming progressive members of the agricultural and pastoral community of New Zealand. It appeals to the traditional instincts of the Maori people, and pride of race and achievement are developed by the circumstance that they are enabled to occupy and till their ancestral lands, which have been in their families for generation after generation. The housing of the Maori people has been steadily pursued as a matter which goes to the root of their social and economic advancement. They freely recognize the advantages to be derived from a " home " not only to themselves, but also to their children ; and the helpful co-operation of the Maori race so far as the housing policy of the Government is concerned is further evidence of the mutual confidence and happy relationships which exist between the Administration and the Maori people, and is a further indication of the desire of the Maori people to play a full part in our national life and enterprise. The preservation and maintenance of their natural arts and crafts have not been neglected, and their desire to fill an active part in the life of the community as a whole is noticeable and has assumed a definite shape. The spirit which animated the Maori race during the recent world war and produced such an outstanding war effort, both on the home and battle fronts, is being exhibited in the whole of their national life. They are playing a very significant part in the drive for greater production and are in the forefront of the Food for Britain Campaign. As an instance of this, the amount of butterfat produced under the Maori land-development schemes amounted to 5,877,482 lb., for the year, representing an increase of 1,015,709 lb., or 20 per cent, over last year. The number of bales of wool produced was 6,512, as against 6,349 produced last year. On the stations financed by the Maori Land Boards and the Maori Trustee, however, the number of bales amounted to 2,815, compared with last year's total of 2,400. On the East Coast Trust Stations this year's clip totalled 2,787, compared with last year's 3,311 bales. The reduction is due to the Mangatu Block, which produced 2,739 bales last year, being revested in the Maori owners and farmed direct by them. The East Coast Trust last year produced 1,849 bales, but this year's clip of 2,787 exceeded that number by 938, representing an increase of 51 per cent. The number of Maori land-development schemes now totals 108, covering a total area of 655,212 acres. On these schemes Maori farmers are being encouraged to undertake all phases of farming life and to cultivate idle territory with the view of becoming producing units and self-reliant members of the community. The results obtained from a number of the development schemes are conclusive proof that many of the settlers are appreciative of the advantages to be gained by wise farm-management, proper supervision, modern methods, and increased efforts. The holdings of many Maori farmers already rival those of Europeans. Live-stock returns as at 31st March, 1948, show a slight decrease in the number o„f dairy cows carried, but this is more than compensated for by the large increase in production, indicating that the Maori dairy-farmer is becoming more efficient and that

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modern methods appeal to him as a means of ensuring his economic security. Other stock tallies, compared with last year's figures in parentheses, are: — Dairy cows .. .. /. .. 39,969 (40,093) Other dairy stock .. .. .. ..20,191 (21,117) Eun cattle .. .. .'. ..33.412 (30,935) Breeding-ewes .. .. .. .. 184,748(173,363) Other sheep (dry sheep) .. .. .. 114,294(101,783) Public moneys expended on all agricultural and pastoral schemes controlled by the Department amounted to £842,250, compared with £775,733 for the previous year, while the Loan Account assignment of the receipts from farming-operations amounted to £890,192 (last year, £663,386). As interest charges, £20,675 was paid to the Consolidated Fund. Cash collections under appropriate headings show a gratifying increase as compared with last year and reflect the advance in butterfat-production and the higher prices •obtained also for wool and stock sold. Increases are shown in production amounting to : in butterfat, £80,316, or 45 per cent. ; in sales of live-stock, £41,154, or 11 per •cent. ; and wool, £92,892, or 112 per cent. The finances of the seven Maori Land Boards and the Maori Trust Office are in a, sound position. Details are shown in Table Aof G.-9 (report of Department of Maori Affairs). The Board of Maori Affairs controls the investments of these bodies, which now total £1,610,232, made up of mortgages, £838,437 ; Government securities, £557,718 ; and advances to farming and primary production undertakings carried on by those bodies, £214,077. The total funds held for beneficiaries amount to £1,046,056. Ahuwhenua Cup This trophy, presented by the Bight Hon. Viscount Bledisloe as a challenge trophy for competition between the Maori settlers on Maori land-development schemes, was competed for by thirteen entrants this year. It was awarded to Mr. Tikirau Callaghan, a member of the Whanau-a-Apanui Tribe, whose farm is situated in the Raukokore area. Second prize went to Mr. Patuwahine Albert, also of the Bay of Plenty district. The sustained interest in the contest for this trophy is indicative in some measure of the way in which Maori settlers are undertaking the farming of their holdings, and the high standard attained in this direction augurs well for the future. Horticulture The field of horticulture is at present both an attractive and a lucrative one and Maoris have already shown more than an ordinary interest in this activity. The raising of many kinds of crops other than those for farming requirements has been undertaken, and kumaras, onions, potatoes, maize, tomatoes, melons, pumpkins, asparagus, and flowers have already been grown, harvested, and marketed successfully. The advice of the Department's Horticultural Officers is readily available to growers and demonstrations are arranged periodically. Practical assistance with marketing problems has been given from time to time. In the Gisborne and Hawke's Bay areas over half a million tomato-plants were grown for commercial purposes, the result in the Wairoa demonstration area alone being 130 tons of tomatoes. The nurseries continue to perform a useful service and provide trees for shelter, afforestation, erosion-prevention, and fruitgrowing. The advantages of planting domestic orchards is being emphasized and is being taken up enthusiastically. It is anticipated that the encouragement given will add materially in raising the standard of Maori home surroundings and in widening the somewhat limited diet of the people. The establishment of Maoris as small-holding farmers is progressing well and many are becoming aware of the possibilities that lie in the small-fruit and market-garden industries which are now available to them.

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In conclusion, the Board desires to express its appreciation of the whole-hearted co-operation of the officers of the Department of Maori Affairs in carrying out the policy of the Board and thereby advancing the interests of the Maori people. Appended to this statement are reports on Maori land-development schemes, Maori Land Board and Maori Trust farming operations, Maori housing schemes, Maori Rehabilitation Finance Committee operations, and the enterprises of the East Coast Commissioner ; also tables covering the activities of the Board. Chairman.

PART I. —STATE DEVELOPMENT SCHEMES The provisions of Part I of the Maori Land Amendment Act, 1936, authorize the Board of Maori Affairs to administer State funds and to make advances for the purpose of developing and settling the lands of the Maori people and for the purpose of general assistance in farming and related enterprises (see also Table 1). The following reports from districts indicate the progress achieved along these lines to date. TOKERAU MAORI LAND COURT DISTRICT The Tokerau District covers an area stretching from Auckland City to Cape Reinga. From this area some 120,000 acres have been gazetted, of which all but 3,000 acres are regarded as suitable for development purposes. The soil varies from poor to good, including some gum land and light to heavy clays, and as a result a large amount of development work requires to be done. The whole area experienced an extremely favourable dairy season, and this is reflected in the butterfat-production, which increased by 587,149 lb., or approximately one-third. The average per cow, however, is relatively low, but the position is being watched continuously, and as opportunity offers unsatisfactory beasts are being replaced by better-quality stock. There is a definite evidence that many of the Maori farmers are showing more interest in modern farming-operations and are employing animalhusbandry methods in order to get the best out of their farms, especially in view of the increased prices obtainable for produce. Sixteen schemes are included, ranging in size from 227 acres to 9,000 acres. A summary of the main works completed during the year is : Clearing .. .. .. .. .. 1,033 acres. Grassing .. .. .. .. .. 591 acres. Fencing .. .. .. .. .. 857 chains. Drains dug . . .. .. .. .. 715 chains. Roading .. .. .. .. .. 792 chains. Several farm buildings and dwellings have been connected to the electric-power-supply system, and a water-reticulation scheme has been installed and some roading carried out.

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WAIKATO-MANIAPOTO MAORI LAND COURT DISTRICT In this district the lands subject to development activities comprise an area of 66,000 acres situated south of Auckland within the Waikato, Coromandel, and Hauraki areas and a portion of the King-country. This district experienced a prolonged dry spell during the last spring and summer, but nevertheless production was maintained and the butterfat return advanced from 767,179 lb. to 906,154 lb., an 18 per cent, increase. The year 1948 is of particular interest in relation to schemes in the Hauraki and Coromandel areas included in this district as it marks the tenth anniversarv of the introduction of land-development schemes there. With the exception of a small area in the vicinity of Mangatangi and Maramarua, all the lands, which are now producing 200,000 lb. of butterfat per annum, were ten years ago in a virgin state and most of the occupiers depended upon the State for their livelihood. To-day these formerly waste areas have been transformed into something like 4,000 areas of pasture carrying 1,274 milking-cows. The manuka and nikau whares have been replaced by comfortable homes and the debt loads in no case exceed the capacity of the property or the occupier to meet. The main items of work completed on the 250 unit properties and the 18 schemes comprising this district were : Clearing .. .. .. .. .. 1,184 acres. Grassing .. . . .. .. .. 761 acres. Fencing .. . . .. .. .. 926 chains. Drains dug . . .. .. .. .. 309 chains. Roading . . .. .. .. .. 562 chains. In response to the urgent call for increased production, additional areas were planted in maize and others in vegetables. The results of these efforts, and those accruing generally from the realization of the advantages of adequate stock supervision, have been appreciated by those taking an active interest in the operations. It is anticipated as a result that there will be an intensified effort in the future. Three base farms in the Te Kuiti area are managed by Maoris, who have proved to be ver}?- efficient in the performance of their duty, their interest in the work being very keen. WAIARIKI MAORI LAND COURT DISTRICT The gazetted area in this district covers 241,572 acres, of which 161,306 acres are considered suitable for development. It extends from Tauranga eastwards to the vicinity of Cape Runaway and inland to Lakes Taupo and Waikaremoana. A very good year was experienced climatically, there being an adequate rainfall, no flooding, and a high percentage of sunshine. This has resulted in increased returns generally. The whole area has responded well to the increased activity of the settlers, and although, naturally, much remains to be done, there is every indication that settlers are realizing the increased advantages to be derived from making additional personal effort. This is particularly noticeable in the response to the appeal for greater production to assist in the Aid for Britain Campaign. Approximately 28,000 bushels of maize were sold having a total value of £10,500 ; 1,800 acres of maize, 800 acres of kumaras, 30 acres of barley, and 200 acres of peas, as well as areas of pumpkins and water-melons, were planted, harvested, and marketed. These extras, together with the increased production of butterfat and wool, and the enhanced price received therefor, have brought the Maori settlers to the realization of what can be done and what large sums can be brought to the credit of their accounts by increased effort and by efficient farm-management and adequate supervision.

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From the Rotorua Central area a consignment of 80 Polled Angus and 80 Hereford bullocks created a record draft at an Auckland works by averaging 1,034 lb. and 1,004 lb. respectively, and three drafts totalling 9,000 wethers killed out at over 90 lb. In theTauranga area a total of 8,917 lambs were bred from 8,216 ewes, representing a lambing average of 108 per cent., and of these lambs 90 per cent, had been disposed of at the close of the year. In the Opotiki - East Coast area, special attention has been directed towards improved methods of butterfat-production, and of the dairy bulls in use approximately 80 per cent, are registered sires. This is a feature which is responsible for a noticeable increase in butterfat percentage over the last two years. It is interesting to note that the shearing in the Ruatahuna area was co-operatively done by the Maori settlers themselves, with improved results. The amount of wool produced in the Waiariki District showed a further increase and the accounts of all concerned benefited substantially from the wool realizations .- In accordance with departmental policy, every effort is being made to maintain a high, standard not only to enhance the reputation enjoyed by clips bearing the Department's brands, but to retain the confidence of responsible sections of the trade. Tractors and equipment owned and hired out by the Maori Land Board are of" the greatest assistance to settlers, particularly during harvesting operations. The settlers in the Ruatoki area have purchased a local store and have registered it as a co-operative concern and intend to trade under the name of the Tuhoe Co-operative Society (Ruatoki), Ltd. A bakery under the same management is to commence operating as soon as a qualified baker can be obtained, and it is intended to add a butcher's shop to the group in the near future. Urgent work still requiring to be undertaken in this district includes an extensiveroading programme and measures to control the serious erosion caused by the Whakatane' River. TAIRAWHITI MAORI LAND COURT DISTRICT The Tairawhiti District embraces 94,000 acres, of which 58,000 acres are already under permanent grass, and the Board's activities in this district cover 13 Maori Trust stations and 4 large Maori Land Board stations in addition to the ordinary State schemes. The whole area is predominantly a sheep-raising one and the number of bales of wool produced from State schemes, 1,408, is a record since development commenced. Production by Maori Trust stations (763 bales), Maori Land Board mortgagors (299 bales), and Maori Land Board stations (548 bales) brings the total wool produced in the district to 3,018 bales. Support was accorded the proposed wool sale in Gisborne, but the failure of buyers to attend the December sales in that town meant that the wool had to be transferred to Napier, and the delay in the offering there proved costly to growers, as a decided recession in prices was evident at the Napier sale. As in other districts, endeavours to assist the Aid for Britain Campaign resulted in crops of peas, potatoes, maize, and kumaras being raised and successfully marketed. Butterfat-production has shown a decided improvement over previous years, and had it not been for the prolonged dry spell experienced during the summer and autumn months a very much larger result would have been shown. Despite the conditions, however, it is encouraging to record that one of the settlers, Wetini Tuhoro, of Tikitiki, produced from 40 milking-cows a total of 12,946 lb. of butterfat. This represents an average of 300 lb.of butterfat per cow, and if drought conditions had not been experienced

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there is no doubt that the figure would have been very much higher. The case of this settler affords a striking example of individual effort coupled with an improvement in dairy husbandrv. Over the last three years his production from 40 cows has been: 1945-46, 7,227 lb. ; 1946-47, 8,190 lb.; and 1947-48, 12,946 lb. Huramua Soldier's Settlement secured first prize " in the pen " and " on the hooks " at the Wairoa district Jamb competition, whilst Hikuwai Station gained third and fifth places in the Tokomaru Bay works competition. A number of the settlers are undertaking horticulture. During the season over 100,000 tomato-plants were cultivated, and the produce was sold to a pulping-factory in Gisborne at a satisfactory price of £lO per ton. One grower in particular produced over 6| tons of tomatoes per thousand plants. Three Maoris have planted 3| acres in grapevines, and during the coming season it is proposed to plant several areas in asparagus, raspberries, and passion-fruit. Supervision by the Department's Horticulturist, and general instruction and practical demonstrations, have assisted to implant in the minds of many Maoris some of the possibilities of the small-holding farmer. A small experimental nursery has been established at Kaiti Pa (Gisborne) and supplies of plants, small fruit-trees, and shrubs are being propagated for issue to Maori farmers. It is hoped to extend the project to include the supply of citrus trees, and as soon as a suitable site has been secured which will allow of the necessary extension the Department's Horticulturist hopes to enter the citrus-growing industry on a large scale. Electric-power reticulation has been extended in the Mahia area, and as soon as the wiring has been completed the present Diesel and petrol milking-machines will be available for transfer to other properties on the East Coast. The lime-quarry at Te Araroa continues to supply ample quantities of lime for the area as well as for private farmers who may be requiring it. Soil erosion is a major problem in this district, and the Department's Field Supervisors are collaborating with the Catchment Board's officers in an endeavour to carry out further prevention schemes. At present a large-scale prevention scheme embracing the area around the confluence of the Poroporo and Waiapu Bivers is being finalized and should shortly be in progress. AOTEA MAOBI LAND COUBT DISTBICT The aggregate area of development land in this district amounts to approximately 115,000 acres, of which 22,000 acres have been developed. Like most parts of the Dominion, this district experienced a prolonged dry season, the rainfall of 6-4 in. being slightly over half the normal average of 11-5 in. for the same period. This has caused a fall in production in some areas, and the total amount of butterfat (374,947 lb.) was less by approximately 5,000 lb. than last year's figure. The enhanced prices received, however, for butterfat and wool more than compensated for the drop in production. On one scheme the lambing percentage was 120 per cent. In some cases as much as 40d. per pound was received for wool, this price being made possible by the marked improvement in the manner in which the wool was sent out from the sheds. Closer attention is being given to this side of wool-production and it will have a considerable bearing on any future price obtained. Extensive tree-planting has taken place on schemes, where the total number planted during the year amounted to 21,000. The formation, metalling, realigning, and extension of roads has been carried out. This will give better access to holdings and will increase the all-round efficiency of the farms concerned.

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A total of 141,500 battens, 31,650 posts, and 510 strainers were cut and disposed of under licence from the State Forest Service, 67,000 battens, 24,000 posts, and 350 strainers being used in the various Maori Land Board districts for fencing purposes, &c. IKAROA MAOEI LAND COURT DISTRICT This is one of the smaller districts, the area gazetted totalling 13,000 acres, of which 5,000 acres are already under permanent grass. The district is situated in the southern portion of the North Island. It also experienced semi-drought conditions during the year under review, but production was nevertheless sustained. There was a slight increase in the amount of butterfat and wool produced. With the idea of promoting market-gardening amongst the Maoris of the Manawatu, an area of 4 acres at Otaki has been made available for practical instruction in propagating and growing commercial flower plants and vegetable crops for sale. The nursery will also act as a base from which cultivating machinery may be operated to provide that service for Maoris who wish to engage in market-gardening. Although a good deal remains to be done before the nursery will be operating as ultimately intended, nevertheless potatoes, tomatoes, green vegetables, corn, and flowers have already been marketed. One of the Department's Horticultural Supervisors has charge of the project, and it is anticipated that it will speedily justify its establishment. Excellent work of a permanent nature will be performed for the Maori population in the district and a base for informative and reliable directions and suggestions for those engaged in market-gardening will be provided. SOUTH ISLAND MAORI LAND COURT DISTRICT This district contains the smallest area gazetted for development—viz., 4,155 acres, of which approximately 3,600 acres are considered suitable for development. The reduction in area compared with last year is due to the fact that two properties have been released from the Department's control. The dairying-operations continue to show satisfactory results, although there was a drop in butterfat-production. On the other hand, the production of wool showed an increase. Development is being pushed ahead on the schemes in this district, a very creditable performance during the year being the clearing of almost 600 acres. This area cleared represents one-third of the undeveloped area shown in last year's return. A D 4 caterpillar tractor has been purchased for use on the Southland Scheme and has already been brought into use. PART lI.—MAORI LAND BOARD UNDERTAKINGS Under statutory authority conferred on Maori Land Boards, several properties totalling 42,435 acres and ranging in size from 70 acres to 13,845 acres are being farmed by the Maori Land Boards concerned on behalf of the beneficial owners, who share in the proceeds of the farming activities. Three stations are situated in the Waiariki District, three in the Tairawhiti District, and one in the Aotea District. On these stations, the total number of sheep carried as at the 31st March, 1948, was 40,600, while 1,346 bales of wool were produced during the year. There are also several mortage properties administered by the Tairawhiti District Maori Land Board, and from these areas 299 bales of wool were obtained. The activities of the Morikau Station, a property of 11,806 acres in the Aotea District, resulted in £8,200 being distributed to the owners during the twelve months ended 30th June, 1947.

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In continuation of the policy of affording assistance to the Maori people in connection with their farming activities and housing-operations, as well as enabling them to discharge existing liabilities, the Boards have made advances on freehold and collateral security. The following table sets out details of the assistance granted: —

DISTRICT MAORI LAND BOARDS: ADVANCES TO MAORI SETTLERS AS AT 31st MARCH, 1948

PART lII.—MAORI TRUST OFFICE ACTIVITIES During the year under review 18 new mortgages involving a sum of £7,719 were approved as advances from the Common Fund of the Maori Trustee, principally for housing and farming purposes. Considerable sums are held in the Deposit Accounts of the various Maori Land Boards, and, as is the case with most lending institutions, some difficulty was experienced in finding suitable mortgage investments. The bulk of the surplus moneys is now invested in Government 3-per-cent. stock. Seventeen properties are farmed by the Maori Trustee under section 25 of the Maori Trustee Act, 1930—13 are administered by the Gisborne district office, 1 by the Auckland district office, and 3by Head Office. All except 1 were properties mortgaged to the Maori Trust Office, and the control of the farming activities on them was taken over by the Maori Trustee for the purpose of administration on behalf of the Maori owners as salvage operations. All estimates of farming expenditure on these properties are subject to the approval of the Board of Maori Affairs, and by prudent finance and careful management the financial position of the areas has improved in most cases. In the case of the Aohanga Station, comprising over 16,000 acres situated on the east coast north of Castlepoint, the land is farmed by the Maori Trust Office as a result of a decision of the owners. The area had been allowed to go back, but is now in good heart and carries some 17,000 sheep and 2,500 cattle. Rabbits have become a menace—a common thing in back-country stations —but over 33,000 were poisoned or destroyed in the past year, and further progress is being made. The financial outlay on the station was originally very heavy, but the returns in recent years have been good, recouping to some extent the original outlay. A record price of £l5 per head was obtained for a large line of steers. It is anticipated that in three years the station will be clear of debt. At present the debt stands at £26,899 and is more than covered by the value of the live-stock. A dividend based on the rent of the lease previously in existence has always been paid to the owners, and during the last two years this dividend was increased by 50 per cent. The wool-clip last season was 407 bales.

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Total Advances dumber of Mortgages. Maori Land Board. to Maori Settlers under Farming Other Mortgage. Purposes. Purposes. Tokerau £ 2,443 3 Waikato-Maniapoto 3,727 13 Waiariki 8,699 24 i Tairawhiti 52,808 60 22 Aotea 48,886 11 57 Ikaroa 19,034 19 16 South Island 2,790 3 4 Totals 138,387 133 100

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PART IV.—MAORI HOUSING-OPERATIONS AND WORKS ORGANIZATION A progressive rate of housing construction, improvement, and purchase has been maintained over the past year, the over-all completed housing figures under the Maori Housing Act, land-development, and rehabilitation being 388, made up as follows ; new dwellings, 196 (143) ; additions, alterations, and improvements, 159 (94) ; purchases, 33 (20). Housing works in progress as at 31st March, 1948, were : new dwellings,. 194 (133) ; additions and other improvements 65 (62). The figures in parentheses indicate the relative returns for the previous year. In addition to the works mentioned above, building-operations were undertaken as follows : (a) Maori Trust. —Three new houses erected ; 2in progress. (b) Maori Land Board. —One new house in course of erection. (c) Miscellaneous Farm Buildings. —Thirty-nine erected ; 13 in progress. (d) Departmental: — Erected : Store and workers' accommodation, Hurumua Soldier Settlement Scheme ; buildings (£10,000), Kotorua Works Centre ; bulk store at Hastings ; workshop at Gisborne in conjunction with Public WorksDepartment. In progress : Joinery-workshop, Rotorua Works Centre ; general improvements, Works Centre, G-isborne ; reservoir, Huramua Soldier Settlement Scheme ; bridge and cottage extensions, Anaura Station. (e) Education Department (Maori school building programme, East Coast): — Completed : Rangitukia School additions. In progress : Tokomaru Bay School additions. While the progress indicated shows a marked advance over the previous year, a more intensive approach to the housing problems of the Maori people is necessary to enable at least a threefold increase in the output of new homes and housing improvement. During the war years there was a large accumulation of housing applications which, for obvious reasons, could not be satisfied at the time. The activities of the Department since the war have created in the Maori people an increased " house-consciousness," with the result that the volume of applications and loan authorities on hand have increased sharply, and departmental activities will require to be stepped up to overcome the pressing needs of the people. As evidence of this,, loan authorities awaiting attention and housing applications under investigation as at the 31st March, 1948, were 820 and 1,660 respectively. In addition, several group housing schemes, as a result of surveys undertaken by the Department, are being considered for various localities throughout New Zealand. The Department is aware of the urgency required in overcoming the present and future demands for new houses and housing improvement, and although the difficulties of supply and man-power are likely to prove a deterrent to the progress desired, several measures have been and are being taken to meet the position. These measures include a revision of the lending policy and administrative procedure, reorganization and expansion of the field and technical division, co-ordination with other State Departments in regard to rental and group housing scheme and authorities connected with works and supply, and improved employment conditions for tradesmen. • The Department's building organization has been developing since 1944, and although effort has been restricted by the limited availability of skilled tradesmen to undertake country work, it has proved a satisfactory venture as regards both the technical

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administration of Maori housing and the facilities offered for the employment of Maoris in the various building trades. Methods of operation vary in the different districts, workmen being engaged on both a wage and labour contract basis, while private contractors have also been employed in the various activities. The widespread engagement of semi-skilled and trainee labour has in many cases resulted in labour costs being excessive when compared with experienced and skilled workmen. Although this aspect of construction has given cause for concern at times, it is felt that the experiment of employing semi-skilled Maori workmen to such a large extent has served a useful purpose in establishing the Maoris in permanent trade employment, to the ultimate benefit of their status in industry. In some cases the employment of semi-skilled Maori tradesmen has resulted in criticism of the workmanship, but there is evidence of a marked improvement in the standard of work as a result of the trade experience of the employees. in view of the difficulties of interesting contractors and qualified tradesmen in undertaking work in rural communities and Maori settlements, it is considered that a wider use of the labour resources of the Maori people will be necessary in order to undertake the large housing-construction programme ahead. To this end, arrangements have recently been completed for offering more attractive wage conditions to working foremen in order that a nucleus of skilled tradesmen can be provided for the works management and trade training of semi-skilled and unskilled Maori workmen and the keeping of a reasonable economic balance in labour costs. Experience gained with the Department's building organization will gradually equip Maori tradesmen for promotion to the supervisory and technical branches of the organization. An agreement exists with the Rehabilitation Department whereby all Maori trade trainees are given the opportunity of employment with this Department's building organization. While there can be no compulsion in the post placement of trainees with this Department —and many trainees prefer to take private employment in town areas in preference to country work—-Maori housing has benefited by recruitment from the Government trade training schools. The number of rehabilitation trade trainees employed by the Department as at 31st March, 1948, approximated 37. A trade training plan has been devised which will enable the Department to offer a training scheme for many Maori youths who may be desirous of embarking on trade careers. At 31st March, 1948, the number of Maori youths employed by the building organization was 30. Provision is made in the departmental estimates for (a) board and lodging allowances to be paid to youths who are required to live away from home in the course of their employment; (b) advances for the purchase of tools of trade where required by workmen ; and (c) offsetting trade instruction duties of foremen against their normal productive work on construction projects. The number of departmental workmen employed at 31st March, 1948, was 266, and these were engaged in the carpentry, painting, bricklaying, and plastering trades. In addition, the number of private contractors and sub-contractors operating at 31st March, 1948, was 20 and 60 respectively. The district supervisory staff comprises 11 Building Supervisors, 13 Overseers, and 2 salaried foremen tradesmen operating in defined zones. Plans for the expansion and further zoning of the technical staff, involving further appointments, are under consideration. Building activities covered a wide range of construction work, as indicated earlier in this report. In particular, the Department is operating in close liaison with the Education Department in the East Coast Maori school building programme, in which some major post-primary projects are pending.

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In order to facilitate field operations, major works centres have been established at Kotorua and Grisborne where the Department is undertaking the production of joinery, concrete and plaster products, and the handling of timber-supplies. These activities have opened a wider range of trade employment and training for Maoris, the Rotorua Centre already being in operation for the manufacture of roofing-tiles and concrete products. In both centres joinery-production will be commenced shortly. It is proposed to establish similar centres in other districts on a scale according to the district needs, particularly at Hawera, where the buildings required for workshop practice are already available. Stores depots are well established throughout each district, the major centres being Auckland, Rotorua, Grisborne, Hastings, Manunui, Hawera, Wanganui, and Levin. Subsidiary stores are located at Kaikohe, Whangarei, Hamilton, Whakaangiangi (Te Araroa), and Huramua (Wairoa), while smaller holding stores are located in several localities. A site has been purchased at Wairoa for the establishment of office premises and a works centre, and the preliminary plans for these have already been prepared. Operations have been affected in varying degrees by the material-supply position, particularly in regard to timber, steel, cement, galvanized iron, roofing, and rain-water tanks. Fittings such as fuel ranges, baths, and general sanitary ware have also been in short supply, resulting in the occupation of many houses being delayed. With the assistance of the Supply and Works authorities, temporary relief has been obtained in many cases, but it is important for the progress of building-works that regular supplies be forthcoming. During the year consideration has been given to the reorganization of the Stores Division, and the appointment of a Stores Officer was made for the purpose of overhauling and re-establishing the Stores Division on a basis to meet increased building activities. Timber-supplies have again given cause for concern, particularly in North Auckland, East Coast, Hawke's Bay, and southern districts. As a result of negotiations with millers undertaking new cutting-rights on Maori-owned timber lands, agreements for supply have been made for the purpose of alleviating the shortage. The full result of these agreements has not yet been felt, but the position on the east coast has shown a marked improvement. Supplies in North Auckland are subject to marked seasonal fluctuation, this zone being supplied mainly from managed forests. Consideration is being given to arranging supplies from central North Island areas. It is evident that with the wide territorial coverage of the Department's activity the timber-supply position can be solved only by the wider establishment of timberyards for bulk purchase, handling, and distribution on a scale similar to that already operating at Rotorua, Whakaangiangi, Grisborne, and Hastings. In view of the general difficulties of supply, the use of alternative materials and construction has been adopted, and this has resulted in unavoidable cost increases. Further application of alternative materials will be necessary if progress in building is to be maintained. Recent amendments to the lending conditions for Maori housing have enabled more attention to be given to the planning and design of houses. Under the earlier lending policy, financial restrictions dictated by the limited financial means of the applicants in some instances prevented the housing needs of the people being adequately met. The revision of the lending policy has enabled a bigger and better standard of home to be provided, and the applicant is now able to spread repayments over a term up to thirty years, as compared with the original term of approximately fifteen years and less.

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Experience has shown that the Maori people generally have responded in a praiseworthy manner, both in the care of their homes and the repayment of loan moneys. The housing-plan service has been developed in order to meet the needs of all classes of housing applicants, ranging from pensioners' cottages to large family homes for both town and country conditions. Older house designs are being reviewed and withdrawn and the specimen plans extended. As in the case of the Rotorua guest-house, which will be ready for occupation by about September, a close liaison is maintained with the Government Architect and his district officers in all major projects. Improvements in housing administration have recently been made in the following respects : (a) The introduction of the thirty-year table mortgage. (b) Provisions for meeting certain cases from the Special Housing Fund. (c) The introduction of State-owned rental housing for Maoris. (d) Expansion of the departmental plan service and withdrawal of all obsolete and substandard plans. Table Mortgage The introduction of the table mortgage, repayable over a period of up to thirty years, has brought Maori housing on to a footing more comparable with other State loan schemes and has enabled many Maoris who, hitherto, have been unable to afford the heavier payments required under the system of 1\ per cent, repayment per annum (which included principal repayments and interest) to raise loans to improve their housing-conditions. The. Special Housing Fund. —For some time this fund has been inoperative in certain cases, due to the difficulty of arriving at a satisfactory means of assessing the extent and nature of any relief which should be given. The previous basis, which provided for relief by way of labour subsidy, was unsatisfactory, as no provision was made for recovery of'the subsidy in the event of the applicant disposing of the property or in the event of an improvement in his financial circumstances. Briefly, the new basis for dealing with indigent cases is as follows : if the annual value of the payments which an applicant is capable of making will not repay the loan required in thirty years at 4|- per cent, per annum and meet his reasonable needs, the amount which the repayments will aggregate in thirty years will be ascertained and the balance treated as supplementary and interest-free. This interest-free portion is subject to review at any time, and, in the event of the mortgagor's circumstances changing, can become repayable and subject to interest charges at the discretion of the Board of Maori Affairs. Rental Housing Cabinet approval has been given for the provision of rental housing for Maoris out of funds provided by the State at the same rate of interest as moneys for normal State rental housing construction. Arrangements have already been made for the acquisition of some 60 houses throughout the Tamaki State Rental Housing Scheme for allocation to Maori tenants. It has been arranged, too, that certain houses to be erected at Orakei will be made available for Maori occupants. These arrangements have helped and will help considerably in relieving the very serious congestion in the Auckland City area. Houses are being erected at Waiwhetu by the Housing Construction Department for those people who were displaced when the land there was taken for housing, and it is understood that these homes are nearly ready for occupation.

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Group Housing In localities where the Maori population is dominant, the establishment of houses on a group basis is often the most satisfactory means of dealing with housing improvement. The projected group scheme for Hiruharama, on the Wanganui Eiver, after early difficulties, is now to be commenced, and loans have already been approved. A group housing scheme is also being prepared for the Matahiwi Settlement, near Hastings, and preliminary negotiations are in train for group building at Patea, Waihi, and Te Kuiti with finance provided by way of loans under the Maori Housing Act, 1935. PART V.—MAORI REHABILITATION FINANCE COMMITTEE Although three years have elapsed since the cessation of hostilities, departmental activity in the sphere of Maori rehabilitation has not diminished. The Maori Rehabilitation Finance Committee held twelve meetings during the year and authorized the expenditure of £155,000, an increase of £15,000 on the previous year's figure. During the year 10 ex-servicemen were settled on the land at a cost of £29,181 —■ 5 on properties purchased as going concerns and 5 on land which bad previously been purchased by the Crown for the settlement of Maori ex-servicemen. After somewhat lengthy negotiation, the purchase of Messrs. Lichenstein and Arnoldson's property of 3,445 acres, known as Eotoiti Station, has been finalized. It is estimated that this property will settle 10 Maori ex-servicemen. A portion of the Huramua Soldier Settlement, near Wairoa, is almost ready for occupation. Cottages and milking-sheds are in course of erection, and it is anticipated that 6 " A " Grade Maori ex-servicemen will be settled on the property prior to the commencement of the coming dairying season. Maori ex-servicemen continue to take advantage of the concessions and facilities available for the erection of houses, and during the year loans for the erection of 68 new dwellings, at an estimated cost of £87,000, were approved. The Department's own building organization accords a 50-per-cent. preference to houses for ex-servicemen, and 56 new dwellings, costing £61,000, were erected during the year. Applications for business loans show a substantial increase, and, of the 34 applications received, 26, involving the expenditure of £12,700, were approved. Tables setting out details of rehabilitation operations appear elsewhere in this report.

Assistance Granted to Ex-servicemen to 31st March, 1948: Maori Rehabilitation Finance Committee and Board of Maori Affairs*

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Overseas Servicemen. Home Servicemen. Totals. Loans or Advances approved for — •Year 1947-48. To Date. Year 1947-48. To Date. Year 1947-48. To Date. No. Amount. No. Amount. No. Amount. No. Amount. No. Amount. No. Amount. Purchase of farms Settlement on farms Additional expenditure on farms Purchase of houses Erection of houses Repairs to houses Purchases of tools of trade Purchase of furniture .. Miscellaneous Purchase of businesses .. 8 8 5 07 2 5 98 2 25 £ 48,928 21,206 57,144 4,340 85,330 2,379 181 9,177 834 12,661 27' 49 249 14 31 252 5 36 £ 139,409 68,057 172,302 15,210 244,105 5,997 1,281 22,702 1,449 21,303 2 'i 4 i £ 2^938 "27 344 "50 •4 2 8 1 £ 4^488 '*45 742 1,700 50 8 8 69 2 6 102 2 26 £ 48,928 21,206 57,144 4,340 88,268 2,379 208 9,521 834 12,711 27 49 253 14 33 260 7 37 £ 139,409t 68,057f 172,302t 15,210 248,593 5,997 1,326 23,444 3,149 21,353 Totals 220 242,180 663 691,815 8 3,359 17 7,025 228 245,539 680 698,840 Supplementary 9 2,251 14 2,935 1 150 1 150 10 2,401 15 3,085 * Assistance granted by Board of Maori Affairs is under Part I of Maori Land Amendment Act, 1936, or Maori Housing Act, 1935. t Figures include previous year's adjustments.

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Maori Rehabilitation: Return of Properties (Freehold and Leasehold) Purchased from 1st April, 1947, to 31st March, 1948

PART VI.—EAST COAST MAORI TRUST LANDS During the year ended 31st March, 1948, the portions of East Coast Maori Trust lands which reverted to the control of the Commissioner last year, amounting to approximately 24,000 acres, have been stocked and are now settling down to normal farming-operations. As is usual on resuming occupation of land which has been subject to lease for a long period, a large programme of work lies ahead for the restoration of improvements over the majority of these properties. This work is seriously hampered at present owing to shortage of materials, and progress in this direction must, of necessity, be slow. A rearrangement of the stations comprising the Mangapoike blocks has been carried out so that the whole of the land may be handled to greater advantage, having regard to its topography. This arrangement accounts for certain variations in areas shown in the following statistical table as compared with those appearing in last year's report. In the Mangaheia 2d Block, Waipuna Station has been merged with Paroa Station and these are now carried on under one management. A progressive programme of development work is being carried out on this block which will result in the reclamation of a large area of first-class flat land. As an initial step in this programme a large watercourse has been excavated which will drain a considerable area of flat country which previously has been waterlogged each winter. Through successive stages of ploughing and cropping, this land will ultimately be laid down in permanent pasture and the carrying-capacity of the block will be increased to a very great extent. Two Maori returned servicemen have been placed on farms on parts of the Mangaheia 2d Block, one on a mixed farm of 263 acres and the other on a dairy-farm of approximately 60 acres. Both of these sections, which will be subject to registered leases, have good houses and outbuildings thereon. One further dairy-farm of approximately 60 acres on which another serviceman will be settled is to be cut out of this block. The Whaitiri No. 2 Block, an area of 410 acres situated near Te Karaka, has also been made available to two Maori returned servicemen, who will farm it under a registered lease. Under the provisions of the Maori Purposes Act, 1947, the Mangatu Nos. 1, 3, and 4 Blocks were incorporated as a body corporate, and the management of the affairs of these blocks has passed from the East Coast Commissioner to the committee of management appointed under the Act. This incorporation is the largest yet to be effected, and the owners of this fine block of land, containing 108,000 acres, are to be congratulated on the status to which they have attained.

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Property. Location. 1 Area. Amount. A. R. P. £ Waiwhakaata 1a and 3b 2, Section 2 Pirongia 174 3 14-8 2,457 Omahu 2d 1b (part) Hastings 5 0 9 45 Lots 1 and 2, Part Kaitara 2d and 2b Blocks Kaiwaka 163 0 0 1,140 Rotoiti 3m, 3t, 3k, 3l, and 3n Rotoiti 3,445 1 28 22,823 Maungatautari 4h 4b 2b .. .. .. \ Maungatautari 4h 5b 2 .. .. .. J Te A-vvamutu .. 905 1 26 2,250 Lot 1, D.P. 5327, and Lots 2 and 3, D.P. 5328, being Wairoa 1,433 1 6 11,551 Part Aranui and Part Matuku Blocks, situated in Blocks XVI and XXI, Taramarama Survey District Lot 1, D.P. 4256, being Part Matuku Block, situated Wairoa 363 2 18 5,525 in Blocks XVI and XXI, Taramarama Survey District Part Kohatutaka 2 and Part 6a Blocks Taheke 1,533 3 35 12,000 Totals 8,024 2 16-8 57,791

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SUMMARY East Coast Maori Trust Lands as at 31st March, 1947 1. Number of stations .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 Number of farms on leased lands .. .. .. .. .. 9 2. Area— Acres. Stations .. .. .. .. .. .. 113,085 Leased .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,578 Occupied by owners .. .. .. .. . . 355 Undeveloped.. .. .. .. .. .. 1,770 121,788 3. Number of permanent employees on stations.. .. .. .. 82 4. Number of beneficial owners .. .. .. .. .. 6,958 Sheep. Cattle. Horses. 5. Live-stock carried at 30tli June, 1947 .. 88,621 12,327 417 Bales. 6. Wool, 1947-48 season .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.787

East Coast Trust Stations

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Live-stock at 30th June, 1947. Wool, 1947-48 Season. Stations as at 31st March, 1948. • Area. Permanent Sheep. Cattle. Horses. Employees. Acres. Bales. Iwinui 1,466 2,776 323 8 86 2 Kopua 3,438 3,755 527 18 107 5 Malmrangi .. 8,763 8,522 1,074 48 192 5 Mangaotane 13,609 3,520 530 29 117 5 Mapou 3,574 76 1 Marewa 5,931 90 7 Onenui 4,951 6,905 800 '47 225 5 Pakowhai 392 946 111 3 15 2 Papuni 8,827 6,868 1,081 57 222 4 Patemaru .. 1,944 3,320 577 11 113 3 Paroa 6,912 7,505 572 16 214 6 Poiiaturoa .. 7,021 3,897 438 22 90 5 Paparatu 16,115 15,177 2,446 95 466 11 Tapere 4,068 148 4 Titirangi 2,481 4,875 598 7 161 2 Tukemokihi 11,493 15,260 2,222 29 453 8 Whaitiri* 'l88 Waimaha 12400 5,295 692 '27 160 "7 Totals 113,085 88,621 12,327 417 2,787 82 * ' Land now subject to rehabil itation lease.

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STATISTICAL TABLES Table 1.—Combined Statistical Data on Departmental Schemes (All Districts)

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Particulars. 1 It 3a 3 1 ! i i 1 M fit ■i o H 4 5 t •< 1 ■ M O 02 1. Area (acres) .. • • 2. Area not suitable for development (acres) 3. Number of settlers .. 121,785 66,096 241,572 93,672 114,764 13,168 4,155 655,212 3,711 9,175 80,266 28,223 3,583 1,045 496 126,499 837 250 383 209 87 38 4 1,808 4. Number of workersPermanent 13 30 109 40 40 10 1 243 Casual 55 70 161 106 108 35 16. 551 5. Development to date — Permanent grass (acres) .. 69,011 37,153 83,961 58,558 22,080 5,296 1,966 278,025 Under cultivation (acres).. 2,851 1,709 3,070 946 973 407 121 10,077 Undeveloped (acres) 46,212 18,059 74,275 5,945 88,128 6,420 1,572 240,611 Dwellings (number) 532 199 488 177 114 56. 11 1,577 Wool-sheds (number) 8 37 18 10 11 4 2 90 Cow-sheds (number) 687 174 381 161 83 41 11 1,538 Other farm buildings 31 88 292 128 156 38 22 755 (number) 6. Live-stock — Stock carried at 31st March, 1948 — Dairy cows (number) .. 16,527 5,716 10,139 3,580 2,779 1,121 107 39,969 Other dairy stock (number) 9,053 3,116 3,484 2,660 1,361 475 42 20,191 Bun cattle (number) .. Sheep— Breeding-ewes (number) 4,024 4,493 14,242 6,548 . . 3,162 . 556 387 33,412 11,818 31,673 65,266 41,686 20,725 9,558 4,022 184,748 Other sheep (number) Sheep : Sales and transfers 6,672 15,439 43,781 26.661 16,984 2,985 1,772 114,294 9,193 24,939 78,051 30,414 24,239 11,508 4,218 182,562 to other schemes during year (number) Cattle : Sales and transfers 1,626 1,282 8,543 2,343 1,427 296 253 15,770 to other schemes during year (number) Sheep : Purchases and 2,756 7,186 42,743 11,651 12,940 2,287 1,402 80,965 transfers from other schemes during year (number) Cattle: Purchases and 833 410 4,956 1,503 1,219 138 171 9,230 transfers from other schemes during year (number) 7. Produce for year— Butterfat (lb.) 2,292,460 906,154 1,645,578 507,142 374,947 136,752 14,449 5,877,482 Wool (bales) 423 986 2,543 1,408 694 354 104 6,512 S. Net liability to date (£) 453,198 309,424 756,782 414,529 329,799 84,473 39,678 2,387,883 9. Subsidies received during year (£) 7,879 7,939 10,714 3,585 30,117

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Table 2.—Analysis of Cash Receipts for the Year 1947-48

Note. —Butterfat receipts for State schemes denote only that proportion of cream cheques which is assigned to the Department in repayment of advances and interest due thereon. On settled schemes the policy is to accept an assignment of a percentage of the farmers' monthly cream cheque, leaving the balance for maintenance and living expenses. On those dairying schemes which have not yet been individualized, the full amount received for butterfat is retained, the workers being paid wages, but in the majority of cases a proportion only of the cream returns is actually paid to the Department.

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Approximate Cash Receipts Butterfat. Wool. Live-stock. Sundries. Totals. (Loan Account Assignment and Settlers' Proportions). 1. Districts — £ £ £ £ £ £ Tokerau 90,266 11,727 26,144 8,769 136,906 272,305 Waikato-Maniapoto 35,287 31,817 50,014 5,198 122,316 175,246 Waiariki 78,870 76,762 205,610 17,764 379,006 473,500 Tairawhiti 25,173 22,380 52,049 17,181 116,783 136,940 Aotea 21,253 24,334 31,913 6,341 83,841 107,366 Ikaroa 7,534 6,276 19,509 4,005 37,324 44,284 South Island 589 2,338 9,958 1,131 14,016 15,149 Sub-totals 258,972 175,634 395,197 60,389 890,192 1,224,790 2. Maori Land Boards 315 30,059 28,383 2,242 60,999 60,999 3. Maori Trustee 35,337 53,250 8,623 97,210 97,210 Totals 259,287 241,030 476,830 71,254 1,048,401 1,382,999

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Table 3.—Buildings Erected, Renovated, and Purchased During Year Ended 31st March, 1948

Notes (a) Total houses erected, purchased, or renovated (b) Total farm buildings erected from inception from inception to 31st March, 1948 to 31st March, 1948 (approximate)— Under development schemes .. 2,036 Cow-sheds .. .. 1,597 Rehabilitation . * .. 115 Wool-sheds .. " .. 60 Under Maori Housing Act — Sheep-yards, &c. .. .. 43 Ordinary .. .. 707 Implement and store sheds .. 370 Special .. .. 546 1,253 3,404* * Adjusted to show rehabilitation separately and to include dwellings purchased and not previously included.

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(Maori Housing, Maori Land-development, and Rehabilitation) Districts. Under Maori Housing Act, 1935. Under Maori Landdevelopment. Totals. Ordinary. Special. New Houses. Additions and Renovations. New Houses. Additions and Renovations. New Hoiises. Additions and Renovations. New Houses. Additions and Renovations. Tokerau Waikato-Maniapoto Waiariki Tairawhiti Aotea Ikaroa South Island Totals No. 7 4 25 2 5 20 4 No. 1 1 13 25 4 No. 12 5 6 7 2 3 1 No. 8 7 2 2 3 10 1 No. 16 4 7 3 7 No. 19 8 44 2 3 No. 35 13 38 12 14 23 5 No. 27 16 46 3 18 38 5 67 44 36 33 37 76 140 153 Districts. Dwellings Purchased. Rehabilitation. Farm Improvements (Other than Housing). New Houses. Additions and Renovations. Dwellings Purchased. Cow-sheds. Wool-sheds. Store-sheds. Tokerau Waikato-Maniapoto Waiariki Tairawhiti .. Aotea Ikaroa South Island Totals No. 1 3 7 7 3 No. 6 4 31 10 3 2 No. 2 3 1 No. 2 2 2 3 2 1 No. 10 5 5 No. 2 1 i No. 4 1 5 4 1 21 56 6 12 20 4 1 15

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Table 4.—Buildings in Course of Erection and under Renovation at 31st March, 1948

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(Maori Housing and Maori Land-development) District*. Under Maori Housing Act, 1935. Under Maori Land-d e velopment. Totals. Rehabilitation : New Buildings. Farm Improvements. Ordinary. Special. New Buildings. Repairs and Alterations. New Buildings. Repairs and Alterations. New Buildings. Repairs and Alterations. New Buildings. Repairs and Alterations. Cow-sheds. Woolsheds. Storesheds. Tokerau Waikato-Maniapotd . . Waiariki Tairawhiti Aotea Ikaroa South Island Total No. 2 6 30 4 7 8 7 No. 1 2 1 1 4 9 3 No. 8 6 9 5 6 3 5 No. 4 2 1 6 No. 11 2 5 9 No. 12 7 5 3 2 2 No. 21 14 44 18 13 11 12 No. 13 13 6 6 7 17 3 No. 14 3 18 4 3 1 No. 3 1 4 1 No. 1 No. 1 2 64 21 42 13 27 31 133 65 43 9 1 3

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Table 5.—Maori Housing Act, 1935: Financial Return of Operations to 31st March, 1948

Approximate Cost of Paper.—Preparation, not given ; printing (1,153 copies), £62 10s.

By Authority: E. V. Paul, Government Printer, Wellington.— 1948.

Price 9d.

Ordinary. Special. Totals. Districts. Authorized. Expended. Authorized. Expended. Authorized. Expended. Number of Advances. Amount. Number of Advances. Amount. Number of Advances. Amount. Tokerau Waikato-Maniapoio Waiariki Tairawhiti Aotea Ikaroa South Island 103 184 256 228 245 292 68 £ 79,180 91,388 236,380 145,472 123,401 210,640 56,323 £ 24,613 36,259 145,675 71,776 79,273 153,245 42,992 241 128 100 162 87 98 36 £ 85,800 63,779 71,126 70,647 42,239 66,754 20,934 £ 83,211 59,621 45,830 34,429 20,914 27,380 13,530 344 312 356 390 332 390 104 £ 164,980 155,167 307,506 216,119 165,640 277,394 77,257 £ 107.824 95,880 191,505 106,205 100,187 180,625 56,522 Totals 1,376 942,784 553,833 852 ! 421,279 284,915 2,228 1,364,063 838,748