Papers Past | Parliamentary Papers | Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives | 1931 Session I-II | PRISONS DEPARTMENT (REPORT ON) FOR THE YEAR...

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1931. NEW ZEALAND.

PRISONS DEPARTMENT (REPORT ON) FOR THE YEAR 1930-31.

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

« The Hon. the Minister in Charge of the Prisons Department to His Excellency the GovernorGeneral. Wellington, 6th August, 1931. I have the honour to submit to Your Excellency the report of the Prisons Department for the year 1930-31. I have, &c,, John G. Cobbe, Minister in Charge of Prisons Department.

The Controller-General op Prisons to the Hon. the Minister in Charge oe the Prisons Department. Sir, — I have the honour to present the annual report of the Prisons Department for the financial year ended the 31st March, 1931, together with extracts from the reports of Controlling Officers, and the criminal statistics for the calendar year ended the 31st December, 1930. The institutional reports have been considerably abridged on. account of the present need for economy. Prison Population. The general depression through which the Dominion has been passing shows, as might be expected, its reflex in the criminal statistics for the year, tables of which are appended hereto. The total number of prisoners dealt with last year shows a marked increase, the total new admissions being 4,909 (representing 2,864 distinct persons), as compared with 4,357 (2,596 distinct persons) for the previous year. It is interesting to note that during the depression of 1921 there was an almost identical increase in the number of prisoners received into custody over the number for 1920. Although the prison population last year was higher than it has been for a few years, it is satisfactory to observe that the general trend is downward. The number of prisoners committed to prison for the last few years has shown a steady declining tendency, and it is interesting to note that in 1929 the number of persons sentenced to imprisonment in New Zealand was 50 per cent, less per 10,000 of the general population than it was twenty-five years ago. The drop since the immediate pre-war years has been from 31 per 10,000 to 19 per 10,000 last year,

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The daily average number in custody was 1,466, or twenty-eight in excess of the previous year. The number of distinct persons involved and classified under three main heads, according to the nature of the offence, is shown in the following comparative table : —

It will be seen from the foregoing table that the increase has been most pronounced in offences against property. The offences against the person were actually less than the last year. The total number of distinct persons shows an increase of 268, of which thirty-nine were women. Over one-third of the total received into custody during the year were for terms of less than one month ; more than half the total were for less than three months, and just on three-quarters of the total admissions were for under six months. The extent of serious crime in the Dominion may be gauged from the fact that of the total 2,864 distinct persons sentenced to imprisonment during the year only 574 received sentences for twelve months and over, and this number includes twenty-two who were declared habitual criminals. As mentioned in previous reports, in view of the authoritative opinion as to the futility for reformative purposes of short sentences, the desirability of applying some alternative method of treatment, such as probation or the imposition of a fine might, with advantage, be considered. Where the ends of justice cannot be adequately met by such means a more salutary term of reformative detention should be inflicted in preference to imposing sentences which are too short for the application of any practical scheme of training or discipline ; but which, nevertheless, habituate offenders to the conditions and atmosphere of a prison and lessens its deterrent influence. The petty recidivists who constitute the larger proportion of the total receptions always present a problem both to the Courts and to the penal authorities. The unlikelihood of prison either deterring or reforming a person who has a record of a score or more previous convictions is fairly obvious, and for the protection of society the only effective remedy appears to be for Magistrates to have recourse to the statutory provisions for declaring recurring petty offenders " habitual offenders," and thus place them indefinitely out of mischief. Where a man repeatedly relapses into crime there can be ao logical reason for releasing him from safe keeping until society can be assured of its security from his menace. It is interesting to observe a recent pronouncement of the Court of Appeal on a point of almost international interest judicially and criminologically—i.e., the question of the propriety of taking previous convictions into account when the Court is passing sentence. It was laid down as a principle that for the substantive offence with which a person is charged the sentence ought to bear some relation to the intrinsic gravity of the crime, notwithstanding the fact that the offender may previously have committed other and more serious crimes ; but where a prisoner's previous convictions indicate a predilection to commit the particular type of offence of which he is convicted it is the duty of the Court, for the protection of the public, to take them into consideration and lengthen the period of confinement accordingly. The previous convictions may also be looked at for the purposes of establishing the prisoner's character and assisting to determine the punishment that is appropriate to the case of a man of that character for the particular offence for which he is to be sentenced. The Court of Appeal is of opinion that, where by reason of a man's character as evidenced wholly or partly by his previous convictions, it is thought the punishment should be increased, the better course is to add a term of reformative detention rather then lengthen the term of hard labour imposed for the substantive offence. A prisoner undergoing a sentence of reformative detention may have his case reviewed by the Prisons Board at any time, and his release is contingent largely on his own conduct and whether the circumstances warrant such course, whereas hard-labour cases are reviewed only after the expiry of half the total term imposed. Such sentences are regarded as more punitive and definite in character. One execution was carried out at Mount Eden Prison. No prisoners were flogged during the year ; seven prisoners died whilst under treatment at the public hospitals, one of these deaths being a case of suicide, and six were due to natural causes. Twenty-two prisoners were transferred to mental hospitals for observation, or upon certification as being mentally defective. All the prisoners who escaped from custody during the year were recaptured. Borstal Institutions. The foregoing prison statistics include commitments to the Borstal institutions, which are three in number, the Invercargill Borstal being for lads under twenty-one, the Waikeria Borstal for young men committed under twenty-five years of age, and the institution at Point Halswell for young women. During the year under review 136 lads and twenty-eight girls, a total of 164, were committed by the Courts, and fourteen youths and two girls were transferred to Borstals from industrial schools and penal establishments for the purpose of training and discipline.

Y , Offences against! Oflences against Miscellaneous Total Distinct Ratio to 10,000 of Person. j Property. Offences. Persons. Population. 1925 .. .. ! 173 72] 1,996 2,890 20-88 1926 .. . . 217 836 1,702 2,755 I 1949 1927 . . 192 937 1,582 2,711 ! 18-84 1928 .. .. 165 I 877 1,506 2,548 17-37 1929 .. i 196 854 1,546 2,596 17-62 ' 1930 .. .. | 194 968 1,702 : 2,864 19-19

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It is noteworthy that while the prisons of the Dominion have been seriously overcrowded owing to the heavy influx of prisoners, there has actually been a decline in the number of commitments of lads to Borstals. It is equally strange that there has been a fairly large increase in the number of young women committed, although the offences of the majority of these show that social conditions and unemployment have been contributing factors. Since the establishment of the Borstal system in the Dominion much has been done to broaden the scheme of training and discipline in an effort to awaken in young offenders a deeper sense of social responsibility. The underlying idea is by leading and training, to foster in each inmate " the will to do well," as distinct from the old-fashioned idea of striving to mould habits by restraint and repression. The activities of each institution are detailed in the Superintendents' reports appended hereto, to which attention is particularly directed. The degree of success attending the efforts of those concerned with the administration of the Borstals may be judged from the fact that of the total of 3,448 lads who have passed through the Waikeria and Invercargill Institutions since their establishment less than 12 per cent, have again come in conflict with the law. Of the 151 young women committed to Point Halswell Borstal 100 have been released, and of these only eleven have again appeared before the Courts. The difficulties associated with the rehabilitation have been intensified on account of the industrial conditions that have prevailed, and there is no doubt that the above results are due mainly to the unceasing and public-spirited assistance given by the Voluntary Probation Committees and the Women's Borstal Association. The Department is particularly indebted to the members of the Visiting Committees and those voluntary lecturers and others who have so helpfully co-operated in the work of the three Borstal institutions. Industries and Development. The Department's industrial activities have been affected by the general economic situation in common with other producers. The decline in values and the shrinkage in demand has materially reduced the Department's revenue, the cash receipts from industries falling from £80,365 for the previous year to £65,235 for last year. A larger number of persons in custody increased the cost of maintenance without there being any corresponding outlet for labour utilization. In fact, there has been a curtailment in this respect on account of the efforts of Government to make provision for unemployed. The Department's policy is, as far as practicable, to avoid engaging in work which might accentuate the general unemployment problem. Occasionally there are protests against allegedly unfair competition with free labour. Apart from the folly it would be to keep offenders against society in idleness, or at dehumanizing unproductive tasks, at the public's expense, it should be noted that, as the-Department now contributes towards the maintenance of prisoners' dependants, the prisoner to-day may be said to carry a social burden, consequently he should be as much entitled to work as any free unit of society. There can be no reasonable objection to the marketing of the product of his labour so long as cut-rate tactics are not indulged in to the detriment of private producers who are obliged to subscribe to award conditions. The combined effect of the depressed economic and trading conditions experienced during the year is shown in the following table setting out the cash expenditure and receipts from the Department's industries for several years past:—

The only branch of industry which at the present time allows for fairly free expansion is landdevelopment and farming operations. Provision is being made for further extension in. this direction as far as financial restrictions will permit. An additional area of approximately 5,000 acres of land at Hautu has been proclaimed a Prison Reserve, making a total of 15,000 acres, and a new camp is now being established to relieve the congestion at the principal town prisons. Good progress is being made in the development of the pumice lands at Hautu and Rangipo. There are now approximately 4,750 acres cleared, of which 2,650 acres are in temporary pasture,, and 1,400 acres in permanent pasture. This country continues to show great promise, and there is certainly no better class of work for promoting the physical well-being and stimulating the self-respect of the prisoners. The comparative freedom at the farms for trusted men, the inspiring open spaces, and the healthful exercise, mark a decided advance on the old. idea of deterrence and repression through close confinement. Recently arrangements Were made for the establishment of a logging camp for securing posts from the bush on the Kaimanawa Range for subdivision fences, the erection of which will be an essential preliminary before the land, is offered for settlement.

Year. | Cash Expenditure on Cash Receipts from Cash Surplus. Industries. j industries. r , I I £ £ £ 1927-28 .. .. 34,670 63,310 28,640 1928-29 .. .. 33,528 70,389 36,861 1929-30 .. .. 39,070 80,365 41,295 1930-31 .. .. 34,340 65,235 30,885

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Quarry and roadworks revenue which in the previous year amounted to approximately £33,000 were also reduced in 1930-31 by approximately £4,000. Prospects for the current year indicate a further heavy drop due to circumstances outside the Department's control. The following gives a brief survey of the progress of industrial activities at the various institutions. At Auckland Prison the main industries continue to be quarrying, bootmaking, and tailoring. Laundering for the Defence Department for several years past has provided useful employment, but curtailment of the Defence programme has reduced the work to a negligible quantity. Bootmaking for the Mental Hospitals Department suffered a drop in output, but in this the reduced revenue is compensated by an equal reduction in the expenditure of the other Department concerned. Quarry operations were of necessity called upon to absorb an increased proportion of prison labour without any additional output. The recently increased railway tariffs for metal caused loss of business from the more distant customers and made the local city competition keener in a restricted market, resulting in a decline in the year's output of the prison quarry. Addington Women's Reformatory is principally engaged in gardening and laundering, but here also the curtailment of the Defence programme resulted in lessened activity. To partly compensate for this and the slackening-off in railway laundering, arrangements have been completed"to undertake laundering for several other Government Departments in Christchurch, At the Invercargill Borstal Institution farming principally for vocational purposes and reclamation work are the main industrial activities, and much useful work has been done. At Napier and New Plymouth the quarries are earning a small but profitable revenue. Their gardens produce surplus vegetables for sale after supplying institutional needs. Paparua Prison inmates are mainly engaged in mixed farming and market-gardening, but the revenue from these has naturally suffered along with all agricultural activities. Work in the gravel-pit engages the surplus labour-supply, and the returns from the sale of metal from the prison pits continues to substantially reduce the cost of upkeep of the prison. The Point Halswell Women's Reformatory and Borstal Institution is principally devoted to laundering for Government Departments. The laundry is now reasonably well equipped mechanically, and is undertaking railway laundering to replace the diminution in Defence work last year. Gardening and poultry-keeping are also carried on successfully. The Waikeria Borstal Institution and Reformatory is wholly a farm institution engaged principally in dairying and sheep-raising, though practically every branch of farming is carried on for vocational purposes. The dairy herds maintain a high average level of butterfat production and continue to be substantially ahead of the district average in this respect. This year the increased production has not compensated for the decline in prices, although the returns have been good. At Waikune Prison, near National Park, road construction and maintenance has been continued. Construction-work has been curtailed and the muster of prisoners reduced in consequence. At Wanganui Prison cottage gardening and wood-chopping are the main activities. At Wellington Prison the building-work is now completed and activities of a miscellaneous character such as gardening, dairying, and manufacture of floor-polish, sandsoap, and lead-headed-nail making, are carried out. The Wi Tako Prison at Trentham continues to increase its main activities of sheep-farming and market-gardening, in an area that is steadily being converted from what was a waste swamp-area into a fertile farm and garden. Total Departmental Expenditure and Revenue. Early in the period under review a serious drop in departmental revenue was forecasted and after the record revenue year of 1929-30 the drop of £13,000 in 1930-31. was not unexpected. Early steps were taken in an endeavour to meet the anticipated loss of revenue by effecting rigorous economies in expenditure and by exploiting additional avenues of revenue, and it is pleasing to report that while the daily average number of prisoners in custody showed an increase of one hundred over the previous year the actual gross cash expenditure was reduced by £1,150. Taking into consideration this increased number of inmates in custody, the actual economies effected are estimated at approximated £6,000. J

Summary of Payments and Receipts on Account of Prison Vote from 1924 to 1931.

Daily Average Gross Expenditure. Credits. : Net Expenditure. Year. Number of , — — . Total. , Per Head. Total. j Per Head. Total. | Per Head. £ £ | £ £ £ i £ 1924-25 .. 1,227-81 144,4-84 117-67 ! 68,118 55-56 76,366 62-11 1925-26 .. 1,340-13 152,794 114-00 79,099 59-02 73,695 54-98 1926-27 .. 1,397-25 148,766 106-47 70,915 50-76 77,851 55-71 1927-28 .. 1,489-62 161,199 108-21 66,979 44-95 94,220 63-26 1928-29 .. 1,501-82 j 163,451 108-83 73,994 49-27 89,457 59-56 1929-30 .. 1,425-54 172,248 120-83 83,806 58-87 88,442 ! 62-04 1930-31 .. 1,525-32 1 171,382 112-36 70,669 , 46-33 100,713 j 66-03 I I

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The fact that expenditure on farm-development work which, prior to 1928, was from Public Works Fund and is now included in the Department's vote, tends to inflate the comparative net cost per head as shown in the above table. Actually such expenditure is not a true charge against Prison administration. Table " B " at the end of the report comprises the abridged departmental Balance-sheet as at the 31st March, 1931, and Income and Expenditure Account for the twelve months ended the 31st March. This covers all expenditure and revenue for the year, whether paid or outstanding at the 31st March, also charge for interest, depreciation, and prison labour. The gross cost of departmental and institutional upkeep amounted to £115 Is. 9d. per inmate, being a reduction of £8 9s. 3d. compared with the previous year. The net cost of upkeep after taking into account the year's cash surplus on industries amounted to £88 lis. 4d. per head. This is an increase of £2 I9s. 9d. per head over the previous year, and is wholly the result of the poor trading period as referred to in an earlier portion of the report. Expenditure on Purchase of Prisoners' Rations. Hereunder is a comparative table of the cash cost of purchased foodstuffs. The greater numbers in custody have been sufficient to increase the aggregate cost, but the average cost per head is slightly lower than the previous year, feubstantial falls in wholesale price of foodstuffs occurred rather late in the year to have very much effect. It is interesting to note that since breadmaking was extended to practically all institutions four years ago, the average cost of purchased foodstuffs has kept fairly constant at between £10 4s. 7d. and £10 18s. per head per annum.

NET COST OF FOOD RATIONS PURCHASED (NOT INCLUDING TOBACCO).

Prison Labour. Table B1 appended to report sets out an analysis of the value of prison-labour-charge allocations. The total assessed value for the year was £82,686, comprising £14,823 on capital improvements, £47,000 on industries, and £20,863 on maintenance, domestic, and general services ; the aggregate averaging £54 4s. per head, compared with £57 18s. per head for the preceding year. This decrease indicates the result of the increased number of inmates, for whom it has been difficult to allocate remunerative work during a period when trading conditions are bad. General. The seriousness of Government's budgetary position has been fully appreciated by all officers of the Department and the administration has felt a strong co-operation between headquarters and institutional staffs in constant endeavours to economize in cost of departmental upkeep. Economies commence with curtailment of expenditure, but it is recognized that this is merely part of a need which requires economy in both issue and use of Government property and services. Major economies recently effected by the Department include the non-renewal of expired meat contracts for most of the city and town prisons. In lieu of beef, the meat ration has been changed substantially to mutton, which is now killed at the farms and sent either to the freezing-works °for issue as required, or direct to the city institutions. It is anticipated that this measure will effect a cash saving of approximately £1,500 for the current year. The making of all prisoners' socks is now being undertaken at Auckland Prison, and will effect a reduction of approximately £200 per annum. With this article now made at the prison, it is interesting to report that all inmates' clothing is now made in the Department, including boots, uniforms, outer and under garments, socks, hats, and oilskins. The Department has also furthered its past policy of keeping all possible expenditure within Public Account, and to this end has instructed that repair work which cannot be carried out in the prisons shall be undertaken by Government plant of the Railways, Public Works, or Post and Telegraph Departments.

Daily Average Number .... , , Ypnr of Prisoners Net Cost Annual Year - i (Twelve Months to I _ , of „ ! C T ° T st P er 31st March). Foodstuffs. Head. ■_ .-______!_ £ £ 1914 .. .. .. 979-81 11,555 11-79 1919-20 .. .. ., 965-07 17,294 17-93 1924-25 .. .. .. 1,227-50 18,332 14-93 1925-26 .. . .. 1,340-13 19,547 14-58 1926-27 1,397-25 19,389 13-88 1927-28 .. ... .. 1,489-62 15,736 10-57 1928-29 .. .. .. 1,501-82 15,363 10-23 1929-30 1,425-54 15,526 10-89 1930-31 1,525-32 16,213 10-63

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In conclusion, I desire' again to place on record the Department's appreciation of the help given by the Prisoners' Aid Societies, Voluntary Probation Committees, Borstal Association, and others who have assisted in after-care work. The Department is also indebted to the many voluntary helpers who have given assistance in connection with the education and moral training of persons committed to its care. To the clergymen of the various denominations, the Salvation Army, and others who have regularly visited the institutions, and striven, through the moral precepts of religious teaching, to stimulate higher ideals of citizenship and duty, the Department expresses its gratitude. Thanks are also extended to the Workers' Educational Association, members of the Howard League, and others who have given of their time in providing lectures and entertainments. The regular visits of the Visiting Justices and Official Visitors have contributed materially in maintaining contentment and discipline. These gentlemen take a keen interest in the proper care and welfare of the prisoners and make frequent inspections of all equipment, clothing, and rationing arrangements. The Honorary Justices' Association has contributed liberally in necessitous cases to the aid of dependants of prisoners, and the Department has found this organization ever ready to help in genuine cases of need. The Inspector of Prisons (Mr. I). A. Mackintosh) reports that on his round of inspections of the various institutions, which also includes an examination of accommodation, clothing, bedding, and rations, he has found the discipline good, the standard of industry high, the general conduct of the institutions satisfactory, and the number of complaints from prisoners comparatively few. B. L. Dallap.d., Controller-General of Prisons.

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PRISONS AND PENAL INSTITUTIONS: EPITOME OF REPORTS OE CONTROLLING OFFICERS. Auckland Prison. (Superintendent, Mr. J. Dickison.) The daily average on the sick-muster was : Males, 8-06 ; females, 0-015. Considering that the daily average of prisoners in custody during the year was 405 —an exceptionally high figure—it must be admitted that the health of the inmates generally has been excellent, particularly when recognition is given to the fact that included in the muster during the year is a number of aged and infirm prisoners who are in constant need of medical attention during confinement, whilst allowance has also to be made for the number of prisoners incapacitated as the result of receiving petty injuries at labour. Due allowance having been made, it will be conceded that the health of the inmates of this institution has been of a high standard during the period under review. I have to record my appreciation of the excellent co-operation of the Superintendent of the Auckland Mental Hospital in the matter of complying with the fairly frequent requests made during the past year for the services of an alienist to conduct the examination of mental defectives who have been received into my custody. This ready spirit of co-operation has enabled essential transfers to the mental hospital to be effected with the minimum of delay, and has adequately disposed of the possibility of any undue hardship. The prison school has continued to be controlled by L. Grice, M.A., and the excellent results of his tutorship during the year are amply evidenced by the annual examination return. Evening drill has been continued, the prisoners benefiting considerably therefrom. The prison's industrial activities have continued to furnish an excellent return, particularly the quarry. Concerts have been held periodically at the prison, the excellent programmes presented being keenly enjoyed by the inmates. Lectures under the auspices of the Workers' Educational Association have continued to be given monthly, and have proved both instructive and enjoyable. Throughout the year the various denominations arranged for services each Sunday, and sincere thanks are due to the interested parties, who spare no effort to make these services enjoyable as well as beneficial to the inmates in attendance. The Anglican gaol chaplain (the Rev. G. E. Moreton) has been most assiduous in attending to the needs of prisoners both during confinement and subsequent to discharge, and there is no doubt that his efforts have resulted in many a discharged prisoner having an increased chance of making good. Mr. Moreton spares no effort in giving attention to the many and varied calls made upon his services throughout the year. It might be also mentioned that Staff Chaplain Holmes, of the Salvation Army, has at all times shown readiness to assist the prisoners, and has done much good work in this direction. Hautu Prison. (Officer in Charge, Mr. T. Banks.) The following is a summary of the work carried out during the year : 566 acres stumped of tutu and manuka, cleared of fern, ready for ploughing ; 600 acres ploughed ; 335 acres sown down in permanent pasture, 100 acres in turnips, and 2 acres in potatoes. 45 acres of grass was mown, producing 80 tons of hay, and 100 acres, producing 300 tons of ensilage ; 1,000 acres of pasture was top-dressed ; and three miles of new drains were dug. The health of the prisoners has been exceptionally good, there being no cases of sickness. The conduct and industry of the prisoners, on the whole, has been satisfactory, the men taking a keen interest in the farm-work. There were six prisoners punished for breaches of regulations, and one escaped and was recaptured. New Plymouth Prison. (Superintendent, Mr. W. Dineen.) The quarry and garden industries have been carried on throughout the year, and the returns therefrom have been well kept up. The limited area of ground available for gardening purposes makes it difficult to utilize the available labour to the best advantage. During the year the advice of the Horticulture Department was sought to help in devising means of increasing the output from the garden. The health of the prisoners has been good, and no case of serious illness arose, although one man required surgical treatment in the public hospital for an old-standing internal trouble. A physical-culture class under the instructorship of one of the prisoners has been commenced. The success of this has been very gratifying, and it has been the means of considerably improving the physical and in some cases the mental condition of the members of the class. The keenness, alertness, and general efficiency of the men have been very favourably commented upon by several gentlemen who have witnessed displays by the class.

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The local branch of the Rotary Club has undertaken the providing of weekly entertainments for the prisoners here. Under the leadership of Mr. P. Stainton (Official Visitor) these evenings have been regularly provided, and are much appreciated by all concerned. Mr. Stainton has been very assiduous in his endeavour to provide suitable lectures, &c| and the Rotary weekly evenings have been keenly looked forward to by the majority of the men here. Mrs. Eason has continued her weekly visits to men who have no relatives in this district, and her motherly advice has been of much benefit to the prisoners. Mr. Johnston has continued his regular free tuition of those whose education is below the Sixth Standard requirements. One man sat for and passed his Proficiency Examination. The spiritual welfare of the men has been carefully looked after by the different denominations, and church services have been held each Sunday. Papabua Prison. (Superintendent, Mr. W. T. Leggett.) It was found on several occasions that the accommodation of the prison was fully taxed, this no doubt being due to abnormal unemployment conditions. The health of the prisoners generally has continued to be very good, with no serious sickness. There were four individuals transferred to a mental hospital during the year. The farm has had a fairly successful year. The cereal crops and potatoes have given satisfactory yields. The kitchen-garden, in addition to providing a plentiful supply of vegetables for the institution, has continued to fully supply the requirements of the Health Department institutions at both Hanmer and Christchurch. The poultry section also has given continuous supplies of fresh eggs and table poultry to those institutions. Continuous work for surplus labour has been provided for in producing sand and gravel for disposal to main-highway construction, local-body roads-maintenance, Government Departmental requirements, and supplies to small cartage contractors. The social welfare of the prisoners has been again attended to by weekly W.E.A. classes during the winter months, and these have been ably arranged by the secretary, Mr. G. Manning, to whom thanks are due for his organization. Members of the Rotary Club have again provided the means of conveyance for the lecturers, and their interest has been most helpful and much appreciated. Monthly entertainments have again been provided by Mrs. Holmes and concert party, also by members of the Rotary Club, and the socializing influences are also very helpful and are much appreciated by the inmates. The spiritual welfare of the prisoners has been continuously looked after by the ministers of the various denominations, who have held weekly services ; also Mr. and Mrs. Smith, of the Richmond Mission, have continued their, periodical evening services and are still extending their practical sympathy, and in quite a number of cases have provided suitable after-care, with beneficial results in a number of cases. Waikune Prison (Road-oonstruoting Camp), Erua. (Officer in Charge, Mr. H. W. Glynn.) The health of the prisoners generally has been good. The conduct of the prisoners on the whole has been satisfactory. The spiritual welfare of the men was well cared for by the ministers of the various denominations, and a visit was also paid by members of the Raetihi Branch of the Salvation Army. Industrial activities have been principally in connection with roadworks, and progress has been well maintained. During the year under review a further three miles of the Waimarino-Ohakune Road was formed and metalled, and this road is now nearing completion. The Horopito-Tohunga deviation is now a 24 ft. highway with a good formation and surface of metal chips, and is now a good safe road for motor traffic. General widening of the road at the Spiral, on the Te Kuiti- Bulls (via Taumarunui) section of the main highway has been carried out and same remetalled, also all dangerous corners removed. The general maintenance of the whole section of this road between Raurimu and Horopito was also carried out. The National Park-Tokaanu Road has been maintained by prison labour as in previous years. The road was widened and top-dressed on many sections, and it is now in good order. The maintenance of the Bruce Road was also undertaken, and it has been regularly graded and surfaced during the year, and is in splendid order for tourist traffic to the Chateau Tongariro. A large quantity of crushed metal has also been supplied to the Kaitieke County Council during the year. Our motor transport has again been busily engaged throughout the year. A large amount of carting for Government Departments was undertaken, including transporting telegraph-poles for the Post and Telegraph Department for forty-two miles between National Park and Tokaanu. A regular transport service of goods, manures, &c., to the Rangipo and Hautu Prison Camps was also maintained.

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Wanganui Prison. (Gaoler, Mr. E. Ching.) The conduct and health of prisoners has been very good. As to the employment of the prisoners, those who are able to do some little work have been employed cutting firewood for the Mines Department ; others have been employed in the kitchengarden, the prison-grounds, laundry, cleaning, &c. The kitchen-garden is looking well, and has for the first time produced enough vegetables for the year, except potatoes. Taking into consideration their great age and other infirmities, the men have done very well and have taken a good interest in their work. Rangipo Prison. (Officer in Charge, Mr. A. Banks.) The following is a summary of the work carried out during the year : 300 acres of virgin land were stumped of tutu and manuka, cleared of fern, and burned off ready for ploughing ; 400 acres were ploughed, disked, and harrowed, of which 300 acres were sown in temporary pasture and 100 acres in permanent pasture ; 650 acres were top-dressed with one bag of superphosphate to the acre. A heavy yield of hay and ensilage was stacked as winter feed for the stock. The potato crop was very satisfactory, providing table potatoes for the institution throughout the year. Five thousand young Pinus radiata were planted out for shelter-belts. A new swing bridge was erected for the conveying of men and horses across the Tongariro River. Six thousand posts were split m the bush on the property for fences on the farm. The vegetable-garden has again been a success, sufficient vegetables for local requirements being grown. The general health of the prisoners has been good, only one case being admitted to hospital, with appendicitis. The conduct and industry of the prisoners has been exceptionally good. The spiritual welfare of the prisoners has been well attended to by the Rev. J. G. Lawton and the Rev. J. L. Carter, of Taupo, and Father A. Langerwerf and Father P. J. Lagan, of Tokaanu. Wellington Prison. (Superintendent, Mr. J. Down.) The daily average number in prison during the year was 126-95. The number of admissions to the public hospital during the year was fourteen. The number of prisoners transferred to the public hospital is not as great as last year, and in almost all cases the prisoners received were suffering from some long-standing complaint they had before they were admitted. I find m almost every instance that prisoners of this class neglect their ailment till they come to prison, and they immediately demand that they should be sent to the public hospital for treatment. In many instances this is not necessary, and the treatment in prison is all that is required. There were no deaths throughout the year. The conduct of the prisoners on the whole has been good. The dairy herd still kefeps up, and the supply of milk and butter has been well maintained. Ten thousand Pinus insignis were planted in different parts of the plantation where the fire had destroyed those previously planted. Several lots of seed were collected, cleaned, and sent to other institutions ; also a quantity sown. The plastering of the building is now finished, and all the yards are completed. The various prison industries have been carried out with satisfactory results, and have provide an outlet for prison labour. Wi Tako Prison, Heretaunga. (Superintendent, Mr. D. Blain.) The health of the prisoners has been good, and their general conduct and industry has been satisfactory. Eighty-two acres were cleared and dug and 76 acres were sown m pastureApproximately £1,500 was paid into the Public Account as a result of the sale of vegetables and root crops. The demand for Wi Tako produce in the markets is very keen, and consignments from the farm are always looked for. . , There were 108-1- chains of new drains dug and all existing drains cleaned, several being widened and deepened;, two"sumps were dug at the cottages; 2,000 Gupressus Lawsoniana, 600 gums, and 300 willows were planted. . A 10 000-gallon reinforced-concrete tank was constructed and pipes laid from the cottages connecting it' with the borough supply. This will be connected with the prison supply, and will give a the Rev. Kendrick, F.tto Kelly, the R.V. Hunt, and S.tatio, Army Officers. Addington Reformatory Prison (Women). (Superintendent, Miss E. M. Hunt.) The health and conduct of the inmates have been good, and the only sickness has been slight colds and recovering from the effects of drink. Laundry and garden work constitute the chief industries. 2—H, 20,

PL—2O.

Invercargill Borstal Institution. (Superintendent, Mr. C. G. L. Pollock.) On the whole, the health of the inmates has been good. The special classes in wool-classing and agriculture, which are conducted on Saturday mornings by Mr. T. Mathews, have been continued as heretofore. No more popular classes are held in the institution, and the results of the instruction are a credit to Mr. Mathews, whose services are entirely voluntary. Mr. Mathews reports as follows: " Agriculture : This work has again gone ahead smoothly. We have had a full class throughout the year and the members display great keenness in their studies. The attendances at the Saturday morning classes have been well maintained. With regard to the practical part of the instruction, very pleasing work continues to be done in the experimental area. The competition plots are an added source of interest, and great credit is due to the members of the agriculture class on the high standard of work maintained throughout the year. Wool-classing : The members of this class are mainly first-year boys ; hence, as is to be expected, the standard of work is not so high as in previous years, when we had a fair proportion of second- and third-year lads. It is pleasing, to report, however, that on the whole the boys are very keen, and several are showing distinct promise in the wool line." The special class conducted during the winter months under the auspices of the Southland Branch of the Workers Educational Association has had another successful session. The tutor this year was Mr. James Stobo, M.A., who reports as follows : The lectures covered a variety of subjects, treating mostly of the more important developments in modern and industrial life. These were treated from as many angles as possible—historical, geographical, and economic." Under three competent visiting teachers the evening classes taking up scholastic subjects of fundamental importance have entered heartily into their studies. The practical character of the programmes in these subjects is not without its appeal to the learners, but the responsive co-operation to be noted must be largely credited to the trained skill of their instructors and the cordial relations which they establish with their pupils. The course in English was enhanced by collective study and discussion of suitable examples of good literature, the library being utilized in this connection. Following the lead of progressive secondary schools for boys, this institution has endeavoured to give a place to music. Class singing, a small brass band, and voluntary efforts, especially by the Maori inmates, have all helped to unfold latent powers and to quicken the social atmosphere. Every encouragement is given to the lads ,to make full use of the library. Its contents, which provide a good selection of books of reference as well as reading-matter to suit various tastes, are constantly being increased and improved. By the kindness of friends, 321 suitable books, besides magazines and other periodical literature, have been donated during the past year. A complete set of Encyclopedia Britannica, gifted by the Athen<eum authorities, forms a handsome and useful addition. Recognition of these different benefactors must include special mention of two to whose helpful personal interest users of the library are greatly indebted—Mr. Charles Gilbertson, under whose supervision the twenty-seven volumes of the Encyclopedia were re-bound by our Borstal librarian, and Mr. H. B. Jarnall, Athenaeum librarian, for his expert guidance freely accorded in connection with our library. During the period under review it has been endeavoured to give the benefits of organized games a more general application in accordance with the greater value now assigned to games by educationists. To this end, for example, two Borstal teams were entered for the Southland Rugby Union's third-grade competition, so that the stimulus of trying to win and retain a place in one of the representative teams touched a much wider circle. Our A team played its matches on the different grounds controlled by the Rugby Union, while the B team met its opponents on the Borstal ground. For practice purposes the latter area allows of only one game to proceed at a time, so that it was a clear boon when the Agricultural and Pastoral Association granted us the free use of a portion of its show-grounds. The match played against the Southland Boys High School on the school-grounds left a very pleasing memory not only because of the sporting spirit which imbued the game, but especially because of what followed. At the close of the match the home team hospitably entertained their visitors, afterwards showing them over the school buildings and the precincts. Such a gesture, in its unobtrusive friendliness, meant a great deal to lads apt to feel under a bar of disparagement; it would tend to reinforce the purpose and the hope to win back their good name. Keen appreciation was felt also as regards a later graceful act of courtesy due to the good offices of the Boys' High School. At the close of the secondary-schools football tournament held in Invercargill last August a match was arranged between a combined team of the visiting schools and a representative Borstal team. The privilege of meeting m friendly contest highly trained exponents of Rugby was realized by the Borstal lads, who also felt the honour of being given a part in a tournament of that standing as a bracing challenge to play the game in every sense of that phrase. The efficiency and the team spirit developed by Borstal footballers has to be credited to the exceptionally fine coaching they received at the hands of Mr. W. F. Sutton. To Ins expertness m the game he adds rare aptitude as a coach and a personality that evoked from the boys the best that was in them. His four years' service to this institution have borne far reaching values. Under the fostering assistance of the Southland Cricket Association and the excellent coaching of Mr. A. E. Wish, cricket has taken a stronger hold among the lads. In the 1929-30 season the Borstal team, which was the only one in the third-grade competition to fulfil all its match engagements, had the honour of bringing to the Borstal the first sports trophy (the Washer Cup) to be won by its representatives. Members of the Cricket Association came along to make the presentation. The association generously presented the institution with a full supply of cricketing-material.

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Swimming gets its turn as a regular part of the physical training, while general athletics are given an occasional place in our programme, especially on public holidays, when sports gatherings in the form of a picnic are organized. Lastly, as the basis of all the physical education, Mr. .Page's instruction in physical drill maintains its invaluable function. Favoured by good weather, the fifth annual camping-out picnic, held in the pleasant riverside retreat used in previous years, was a gratifying success. The fifty lads who spent a fortnight under canvas entered with zest into various recreative activities, one and all endeavouring to carry into effect the chosen slogan for the occasion—" The best yet." It is significant of the impression left by these camps that some of the gifts which provided the resources for this year's outing came from campers of former years, who took that means of emphasizing the grateful references conveyed in their letters acknowledging the succour afforded them by the Borstal at a critical juncture in their lives. The spiritual welfare of the inmates is attended to by the clergy of the various denominations and the City Missionary, Mr. A. McLean. Divine service for the Protestants is held on Sunday morning, while for the Roman Catholics service is held every Tuesday evening. The Salvation Army holds a special service on the last Sunday afternoon in each month. Bible classes, conducted by the Rev. Lush, Ensign Montgomery, and Mr. McLean, are held on week-nights, while Mr. McLean also co'nducts service at the Farm Ranch on Sunday afternoons. The informative and entertaining evening programmes provided each week by the Invercargill Rotary Club prove most acceptable, and appreciation is deepened by the personal interest in the lads shown by the visiting Rotarians. That interest often takes a practical shape when a youth, having completed his period at the Borstal, is seeking a fresh start in the community ; the Rotary organization throughout the Dominion lends helpful services whenever called upon. The Invercargill Orphans make their periodic visits memorably pleasant not only by the excellence of the entertainment they furnish, but by their good fellowship and free social intercourse with the lads. The Invercargill Branch of the League of Nations Union extended its educational campaign to the Borstal, with fruitful results. The course of instruction, identical with that taken up by schools, was conveyed both in printed lessons and in lectures by leading members of the League. Under the chairmanship of the local Magistrate, E. C. Levvey, Esq., M.A., LL.B., the Visiting Committee has taken an unremitting active interest in the inmates' welfare. ' We have very recently been honoured by a visit from Their Excellencies the Governor-General and Lady Bledisloe while on their first official visit to Southland. Owing to the inclement weather, the plans made for an outdoor ceremony had to be abandoned at short notice, but that did not detract from the cordiality of the reception accorded to His Majesty's representative. The sympathetic understanding displayed by Their Excellencies as regards Borstal work and aims, their interest in all our activities, and His Excellency's inspiring address to the assembled lads and staff left a heartening impression. The work on the farm and reclamation has been pursued with satisfactory results. The garden and experimental area again provided more than sufficient vegetables to supply this institution for rations, the surplus being supplied to the Railways Refreshment Branch or sold in the local auction markets. Firewood has been supplied to all Government Departments in Invercargill requiring same during the year from the institution firewood-depot, and, in addition, a considerable quantity has been supplied for use at the dairy, piggery, and institution, thus reducing the quantity of lignite necessary to be purchased. A good supply of firewood has been cut for use during the ensuing year. The bootmaking industry has been carried out throughout the year with satisfactory results. Several orders were fulfilled from the Mental Hospitals Department, and footwear provided for this institution and Paparua Prison. Waikeria Borstal Institution (Te Awamutu). (Superintendent, Mr. D. Dunlop.) The conduct and industry of the inmates has been on the whole quite satisfactory, having regard to the number who are not subjected to constant supervision and the extensive liberties allowed. It is pleasing to report, also, that the health of the inmates has been, very good during the year. The underlying purpose of Borstal work is to rehabilitate the offenders, or, in the words of the statute, " to make better provision for the prevention of crime and the reformation of young offenders," and in this regard a fair measure of success can be claimed. The establishment of Borstals by statutory enactment was undoubtedly a great forward step in the classification of offenders. Experience has shown, however, that at the institution itself it is advisable to practise further segregation. This is regarded as an important factor in our work, as contamination has the effect of retarding and nullifying all the socializing influences that are brought to bear upon the dfilincprexrf during the period of his detention. It has been shown that proper association of offenders, healthy outdoor farm conditions, hard but useful and educative work, together with some form of relaxation in the shape of outdoor seasonal games, and the influence of example and disciplinary treatment, does a great deal towards giving a young offender a new outlook in life and a better idea of the standard of good citizenship. The difficulties which exist in obtaining suitable employment for inmates upon discharge is one of the serious problems at the present time, as a period of prolonged idleness after detention is very undesirable. In many cases, therefore, a wise policy has been adopted of insisting upon suitable employment being found for an inmate as a condition precedent to his release upon probationary license. So far no trouble has been experienced in obtaining compliance with this condition within a reasonable time. Throughout the year concerts and lectures, sponsored by the Hamilton Branch of the Howard League, were provided each week. Some very entertaining concerts and instructive lectures were given, and the useful work carried out by this body is greatly appreciated. Two concerts were given by the inmates in August last. About one hundred visitors were present on each occasion and

H.—2o.

thoroughly enjoyed the programmes. Thanks are extended to members of the Visiting Committee, who visit the institution from time to time to deal with charges of insubordination and to hear complaints, and to inquire generally into matters concerning the welfare of the inmates. Satisfactory progress was made at the night school, which was held three nights each week. Physical-drill classes were continued throughout the year on two nights per week. A team was again entered in the senior-grade competition under the control of the Waipa Rugby Union, but owing to a number of players being released during the playing season the team was somewhat disorganized at times and as a result was not so successful as in the previous season. However, some very fine and enthusiastic games were played, and the conduct of the inmates was above reproach. Several cricket matches were played during the summer months against teams from Hamilton and Te Awamutu. On the whole, the institution team was fairly successful, but, although the desire to win was naturally very keen, it was always subordinated to playing the game in the true sporting spirit. In this connection it is fitting to record our thanks to the visiting teams for the valuable aid they have afforded to the recreative side of our work, and it is gratifying to note that right throughout the whole series of matches there has never been one discordant note bounded, and the visitors are full of praise for the sportsmanship of our players. Inmates whose conduct and industry give general satisfaction are admitted to the special class. On fine evenings during summer months members of this class are allowed to indulge in tennis and cricket practice, and during winter months indoor games are provided in the recreation-hall. There are other minor privileges attaching to membership of the class, which is in the nature of a reward for good conduct and industry. During the period under review religious services were provided as usual by visiting chaplains from Te Awamutu and Kihikihi. In connection with the farming operations several improvements were effected during the year. The work of developing the farm was gradually proceeded with, a considerable area of swamp land was drained, and about 150 more acres sown in permanent pasture. The clearing of weeds, fern, and rough scrub also absorbed a large amount of labour. From the point of view of production the year was a fairly successful one, although from the financial aspect it was not so good, on account of the low prices ruling for farm-products. Dairying continues to be the principal farm industry, and utilizes a large portion of the available labour. During the season ended 31st July, 1930, an average of 307 cows were milked at the three dairies, resulting in a yield of 2,301,260 lb. of milk at an average test of 4-04 per cent. Close attention is paid to herd-testing, which is carried out on very accurate lines, and culling is practised extensively at appropriate times. The revenue from cream supplied to the factory for the season was approximately £5,586. In connection with the sheep industry, a clip of twenty-one bales of wool, weighing 8,906 lb. gross, was shorn from 940 sheep. Considerable progress was made in the pig industry. During the year ended 31st December, 1930, the sum of £730 was obtained from the sale of 246 pigs, mostly porkers. Useful work was found for all the farm horses, and fourteen foals were reared during the season. A continuous supply of vegetables for rations purposes was supplied by the garden, and a considerable quantity supplied to other institutions and sold locally. A fair quantity was also supplied to the auction markets, especially asparagus and tomatoes. From the orchard a yield of 1,953 cases of apples was obtained from 736 trees. A sum of £358 was obtained from the sale of apples. From the apiary, 1,9201b. of honey was received. Point Halswell Borstal Institution. (Acting-Superintendent, Miss A. Escott.) The health of the inmates has been good. Our industries have been carried on as in previous years —viz., laundry-work, and the making and mending of garments, &c., for other institutions and Departments. The girls all take their turn in housework and cooking, and I am pleased to say that quite a number have adapted themselves very well to this part of their training. The vegetable-garden and grounds surrounding the institution are kept in order by the girls. We always look upon this branch of the work as healthy outdoor exercise. To encourage an interest in poultry-keeping Her Excellency the Lady Bledisloe most kindly arranged for fifty white Leghorn pullets to be purchased for the institution. We are now hoping to extend this branch of the work and train the girls in poultry-rearing. The school-work has gone on steadily. At the end of the year four girls sat for their proficiency, three being successful in gaining their certificates. The games and physical exercises help to work wonders in the health of the girls. Basketball and tennis are played every Saturday afternoon, and the inter-house games shield is always keenly competed for. During the year Her Excellency the Lady Bledisloe paid a visit to the institution, when each girl had the privilege of a few words with Her Excellency. The religious services have been carried on regularly by the different denominations —Roman Catholic, Anglican, Presbyterian, Wesleyan, and Salvation Army —to whom our thanks are due for their spiritual help. We must again record our gratitude to the ladies of the Borstal Association for the interest taken in the after-care of each Borstal girl, and to those kind people who, under the auspices of the Borstal Association, have done so much in providing entertainment every Thursday evening. The ladies of the association have also done a great deal in the way of teaching embroidery, raffia, and other fancy work. Mrs. Coventry has carried on her knitting class throughout the year. The girls show quite a keen interest in this work, and make many useful articles.

Table A. Table showing Particulars, for each Prison, of Prisoners at Beginning and End of Year, and received and discharged during Year 1930.

H.—2o.

i 1 ! W ! ,1 | S?i , t I J i i j 1 I I f I sfi « g s Ss M n sa .g. : s ts-S § & .s |§ go 2 « « S 3 S. StSm.2 «e © -g -g co -g w> m © ™ — *u S a a 'ō o s © fl w n & Es .S.Saa c3 © Ē-i B t3 Jg -g g rQ J3 CŌ £ M H- I o3 © i 3 o O (-H CŌ t> cS 1 " 1 fe- t> J> — 1 > -' C P r~ 'w 3 <| B S SH PM K iSSg. S_ H CJ a) In prison at beginning of year: — ! | j j Undergoing M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. ] M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. ! M. | F. M. F. M. F. | M. F. M. F. M. j F. Simple imprisonment, hard labour — I Under three months .. .. .. .. .. '1 29 1 . j .. .. 7 .. 2 .. 8 .. .. 1 X .. 15 Ill 74: 2 76 Three months and under one year .. .. ..12 67 7 .. .. 1 .. .. . . 14 .. 1 .. 30 2 .. .. 1 2 .. j 2 .. 37 .. 12 .. 6 173j 21 194 One year and upwards .. .. .. .... 9 166 6 21 j .. .. 2 .. 41 .. 36 15 .. 12 44 ..; 12 .. 32 .. 23 404; 15 419 Detention as habitual criminals .. .. .. .. 4 43 1 20 .. 4 8 .. 44 .. .. 1 .... 10 .. 17 38 ..] 4 .. 18 .. 34 240, 6 246 Reformative detention .. .. .. .. . 187 24 .. 124 j 3Hj 24 335 Detention in Borstal Institution .. .. 44 .. 2 9 2 .. 1 4 .. J 7 .. 1 70 .. 70 Total criminals in prison .. .. .. .. 26 349 14 43 .. 6 ..1871 .. 23 .. 52 ..127 .. .. 4 .. 24 28 .. j 30 ..124 .. 881 .. : 26 ..103 .. 69j .. 17 1,27?] 681,340 For trial or on remand .. .. .. 10 1.. .. 1.. 4 1 3.. 8 j .. 4.. 9 .. ..j ..| 11 1, 50; 3 53 Total in prison for criminal offences.. .. .. 26i 359 15 43 .. 7 ..187! .. 27 1 55 ..135 .. .. 4 .. 24 28 .. 30 .. 124 .. 88 .. 30 ..! 112 .. 69] .. 28, 1, .. . - i 1, 711,393 Debtors .. .. .. .. .. | ! 1 .. 1 ..] ] •• •• 1 --j -j •• 3 : • • 3 Total persons in prison .. .. .. .. 26i 359 15 43 .. 7 ..187] ..27 1 56 . . 136 ..] .. 4 J 24 28 .. 3oj ,.]l24 .. 88 . - j 30 ..1121 .. 69! ..] 29; 1 .. . - jl ,325 71 1,396 (b) Received during the year :— Sentenced to— Simple imprisonment, hard labour — I j 1 ! j ; ! Under three months .. .. .. .. .. 68 822 31 .. .. 29 91 .. 52 ..'283 .. .. 19 ; ! 42 1'322 .. ..; ..331 2 103 .. 2,075 121j2, 196 Three months and under one year .. 270 29 .. .. 11 .. 51 .. 11 ..1151 .. .. 20 .. 4 .. jl81 89 5 . .j .. /32 54j /86 One year and upwards .. .. .. 52 1 2 8] .. 5 .. 20 . J .. 1 •• 4 .. 60j 20 3 171 5| 176 Hard labour, reformative detention, and declared j .. .. 1 j .. .. I j j • • j • •; • • • • | habitual criminal Hard labour and reformative detention .. 20 2 5 7 j 6 2 ...... 42 . . 42 Reformative detention and declared habitual criminal ■ "i • : * Reformative detention only .. .. .. . . 2 51 5 14 .. 7 .. 26 ..! .. 3 ........ 1 .. j .. 3 .. 27 2o | 2 .. .. i 16o Hard labour and detention in Borstal Institution ] ] I • • • • 1 ••]••! ; * J Detention in Borstal Institution .. .. 13 71 .. .. 1 5 .. 6; .. 29 .. 22 .. ..] j 18 •• 1 .. •• 31 lob Hard labour and declared habitual criminal 9 2 ..].. ..! j .. ] 2 13 .. 13 Declared habitual criminal .. .. .. . . 1 . . . ] j • • ] *■ £ Deathf.. .. .. .. .. 2 ! • • • • • • • •! • • 1 • • | • • \ 3 .. 3 Under conviction for sentence .. .. 5 1 j 5 .. 2 .. 13 i •• ! 8 15 j 48 1 49 Total new prisoners received .. .. .. 71 1,245 62 .. .. 49 .. 71 ..174 1 84 ..470 .J .. 43 .. 29! .. .. 1 ..! 22 .. j ..] .. 54 1624 .. 1 ..482 13103 ..>3,380 2203,600 On remand or for trial .. .. .. .. ..! 12 256] 23 .. .. 36| .. ..j .. 37 3 35 1 94 ..| .. 13 .. ..] . *j ..| .. .. ..| .. 49 8 U4| |296| 13 .. 917 73 990 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. 83 1,501 j 85 .. .. 85 .. 71 ..211 4119 1564| ..! .. 56 .. 29i .. .. 1 .. 22 103 9 738 .. 1 .. 778 ! ; 261031 ..4,29712934,590 Debtors j .. 58 1 .. .. 5 .. ..! .. 18 .. 27 ..I 9 ..j .. 2 .. 21 ..! 58 120 .. .. .. 316 3 319 Lunatics .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. j j ]••'•• • • j • • * • | • • Total new persons received .. .. .. 83 1,559 86 .. .. 90 .. 71 ..229 4146 1 573 . J .. 58 .. 29!.. ..! 1 .. 22 .. .. j ..124 9 796 .. 1 • • 898 26103 ..4,613 2964,909 On transfer or in transitu .. .. .. .. . J 8 81 2 41 .. 4 .. 29 .. 21 2 10 ..] 78 j .. j .. 2 .. 3; 34 ..39 .. 34 .. 71! .. 13 ..148 ..129 .. 98 5 ... .. 830 22 85^ Grand totals .. .. .. .. 91 1,640188 41 .. 94 .. lool ..250 6156 1 651! . .I .., 60 .. 32I 34 . J 40 .. 56 ...71; . Jl.37 9944! ..130 .. 996 31 103 ..5,443 318 5,761 /

H.— 20.

Table A— continued. Table showing Particulars, for each Prison, of Prisoners at Beginning and End of Year, and received and discharged during Year 1930—continued.

2 — 4= £ © © • -£> cā 9 £ o £< <£ 3 3 lal § 1 I 6 a J . IS S § | IS % 3 § "§ 5 ■ jj ā»s i I ā g-p-g 6 ā M| «&• S -a o-g (2.1 8 g W) o © O 5 © : S S ® oi§ .£« © *§ is E3 & .2 ee£ C~® © 42 .5 3 -SS. g £m| t t Is a »a; g> 3 St £ a 5 HR |Ph 8 "3 a § § i | 5 s | I ga -I -s 5 i | gs i I | gfc li I | | 5 <1 w 2 a I 55 . Oh HI CM fi £ p; £ HO I I " ~~~ ~ i I 1 ' I I (e) Discharged during the year :— On pxriiration of sentence M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. ! F. M. F. M. F. ! M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. ; F. M. F. M. IF. m. f. Simple imprisonment, hard labour 421,089 57 4 .. 37 130 .. 60, ..368 .. .. 34 .. .. 2 .. 1 24 .. 50 1451 .. 57 ..391 4103 ..2,7671382,905 Reformative detention .. .. .. .. ..21 5 .. 2 •• 1 .. ..; 1 .. .. 2 .. 2 loj .. 1 .. 2 .. 2 27 1 Detention in Borstal Institution .. .. .. .. 5 14 j ........ .1 .... 2 6 .... i ........ -.0, 7 27 On bail or probation .. .. .. 40 1 .... 3 11 1 5, 1 10 10 .. .. 5 .. 14 18 116 3 119 Died . .. 1 6 ! | •• 1 •• --I 1 : --I ?i 1 ? Executed .. .. .. .. .. 1 j j | j '" I '' | 1 ; ' 1 Absconded and not retaken .. .. 1 • i i I • • j '' j Committed suicide .. .. .. 1 Released on recommendation of Prisons Board — I | ' | Hard labour .. .. .. .. .... 6 29 2 6 .... 2 .. 5 .. 35 .. .. 1 .. 3 3 .. [ 2 .. 10 .. 14; 110: 8 118 Reformative detention .. .. .. .... 2 10 2 9 1 .. 23 .. .. 9 15; .. 1 .. 8 .. 19 .., 95i 4 99 Detention in Borstal Institution .. .. j 97 1- 53 .. .. .. | 150, 12 162 Habitual criminals •• •• •• 27 .. 2 | 3 2; ..j 1 35j .. 3o Total criminals discharged to freedom .. .. 771,208 62 23 .. 40 ..111 ..143 1 71 1440 .J .. 35 .. 14 15 .. 15 .. 60 .. j 54 j .. 61 1485 .. 92; ,.;410 41C3 .. 3,33lil95 3,526 Acquitted and after remand .. .. 50 8 .. .. 1 .. 3 .. 32 .. 95 .. ..13 .!.... 3j .. 7 .. . .j .. 20 .. .. .. 211! 21 232 Debtors 1 56 1 .. .. 5 .. .. .. 18 .. 29 .. 8 .. .. 2 j J ... .. 21 .. 57 .. .. . .112 .. .. .. 306; 4 310 Lunatics transferred to mental hospitals .. -. •• 2 4 2 3 .. 1 6.. .. 1 ; ;.. 3 .. ■.. \ .. j 2 .. . ,.| .. 19|5 24 Total persons discharged from prison .. .. 801,318 73 23 .. 46 ..114 ..165 1132 1549 .. .. 51 .. 14 15 .15 .. 60 .. 54| .. 8s| 1552 .. 92 ..544 4103 .. 3,867|225;4,092 Transferred to other prisons or to the police .. .. .. 12 242 15 12 .. 40 .. 2 .. 93 6 26 .. 73 .. .. 8 .. 2 6 ..j 22 .. / .. 21 .. 54 8341 .. 27 ..451 28 ..j .,1,417 791,496 Grand totals .. .. .. .. 921,560 88 35 .. 86 ..116 -.258 7;158 1622 .. .. 59 .. 16 21 .. 37 .. 67 ..; 7s| .. 139j 9893 ..119 ..!995 32103 .. 5,284; 304 5,588 (d) In prison at end of year :— Undergoing — Simple imprisonment, hard labour — i Under three months 1 30 2 .... 3 6 19 j 1 .. 19 .. 2 j .. 11 .. :. .. 91 3 94 Three months and under one year .. .. ..10 79 8 .. .. 1 10 .. 3 .. 55 .. .. 3 .. .. 2 .. 2 2 .. 2 .. 58 .. 20; .. 14 -48 _1 -69 One year and upwards .. 9 211 3 22 .. .. 37 .. 32 .. .. 1 .. .. 13 .. II 44| .. 10 .. 49 .. 30! 459; 13 472 Reformative detention .. .. .. .. 4 63 2 27 .. 8 1 .. 13 .. 47 .. .. I .... 25 .. 20 36 .. 9 .. 20 .. 27 296 7 303 Detention in Borstal Institution .. .. 171 40 113 2 286 40 3i-6 Detention as habitual criminals .. .. .. •• 1 40 4 .. . 1 .. .. 2 .. 5 1 | 53 1 54 Total criminals in prison .. .. .. .. 25 423 15 49 .. 12 .. 171 .. 17 .. 53j .. 157 .. .. 5 .. 40 4L .. 33; .. 113 .. 84 .. j'27 .. 148 .. 80j .. 25 1,433; 851,518 For trial or on remand .. .. .. 14 3 2 .. i • ■ 7 ; I 1 .. 14 .. .. j .. 4 46 .. 46 Total in prison for criminal offences.. .. ..25 437 15 49 .. 15 .. 171 .. 19 .. 54! ..164 .... 5 .. 40 41 .. 33; .. 113 .. 84j .. 28| .. 162 .. 80 .. 29 .. . .j .. 1,479 851,564 Debtors .. .. .. .. .. 2 1 I .. ..! .. 1 .. ..j .. 1 .. ..: .. 5 .. 5 Total persons in prison 25 439 15 49 .. 15 .. 171 .. 19 .. 54 1 .. 165 . . j .. 5 .. 40 41 .. 33 .. 113 .. 84> --J 28; ..163 .. 80; ..j 30 .. ..! ..1,484! 851,569 * Deemed to be prisons under the provisions of section 17 of the Statute Law Amendment Act, 1917. t In two cases the death sentence was commuted to imprisonment for life.

ll.— 20.

Table A1. Table showing Number of Prisoners at each Prison or Institution in the Dominion during the Year 1930.

Sickness. Bl „„. IPrlm „ Greatest Number in Least Number in 1 „ , <a ) N ™b®r of Distinct Prisoners ill on One or More Occasions, Name of Prison. Prison Prison Daily Average Number of Number of Occasions, Total Number of Separate at One Time. at One Time. i Prisoners. (a.) Greatest Number (&.) Admissions SicT-liV' 1 Number of Da y s « and Dail y Average on ill at any One to Hospital during —— — Time. Year. i , ~ ~ j Number Total Daily I g .2 5g ga 5§«S c of Number Average ! a ? fl-3 >§.3 S.S tZ.SS> Separate of on I — j ° _Ehēh EH eh Eh O Illnesses Days ill. Sick-list. Addington (Women's Reformatory) .. 27 27 16 T i« [ M " ! _ M ' F - T - M - f. j t. ; Auckland .. .. 446 ! 14 460 347 15 3S<> ! 3Rq'oq Tfi'nfi jo-'Ik 2 •• .. .. 4 3 1 13 61 0 . ]7 Hautu (Tokaanu) .. .. 5 1 .. 51 41 .. 41 '46-69 46-69 9 1 4 q 3 I " I 3 J 133 38 14 8 6 1 319 3,158 8-65 Invercargill .. .. .. 15 15 5 5 8 . 9 6 " a qr , 9 1 .. 1 5 g 45 0 . 12 Invereargil! (Borstal Institution) .. 201 .. 201 164 !! 164 i 181-34 " 18P34 21 " •> 4 " i of J J V 1 1 " 15 122 0-33 £ a P le p r , + . I 32 .. 32 16 .. 16 | 23-50 0-24 > 03.74 2 " 9 o 23 \ 4 ? 20 11 9 5 341 3,068 8-41 New Plymouth .. I 6 1 1 62 48 .. | 48 I 53-01 0 "01 53*02 6 " I 4 " 12 130 0-36 Paparua (TempJeton) .. .. 176 .. 176 126 .. 126 14v3'> 1 lit qo , ? ■■ 13 I 4 4 1 2 2 65 362 0-99 Pt. Halswell (Women'sReformatory) 1 .. 16 16 3 3 " 8 90 o 9« 6 | 26 3 3 2 . i 49 294 0-81 Point Halswell (Borstal Institution) ' .. 40 40 " 23 "3 " i " I 1 ■■ 2 2 2 ! . j \ °.|| •• •• 4! .. 41 26! .I' £ 36 : 62 3" "3 " 3 "1 10 ™ ™ 'i ' " 10 «4 ill Waikena (Reformatory) .. .. 46 46 27 »7 I <u-qn ™ t I " 3 1 •• 13 1 I .. 5 45 n-12 Waikeria (Borstal institution) .. j 125 1 .. 125 ! 105: !! 105 113'20 !' l'l 3 -20 6 " 6 1 5 " * [£ a o " 1 S "' i 32 587 1-61 Waikune (Erua) .. .. 99 , . 99 77 .. 77 87*83 .. 87-83 13 " 13 1 t " 0 f? „ f "" *" "' 44 338 °'93 S a "Sanm | 38 I .. 38 23 .. 23 29-93 .. | 29-93 2 " 2 " : > 9 5 3.. I 86 680 1-86 Wellington .. .. .. 164 .. 164 101 101 196-95 tor. ok il , 1 12 | 2 19 0-05 Wi Tako (Trentham) .. .. 85;.. 85 60 .. 60 76 • 3 " it]] 8 " « 14 14 68 12 6 1 1 1 125 496 1-36 Minor prisons and police-gaols .. .. j 36 . 65 " •• 8 2 .. 2 j 12 2 .... 1 .. 21 190 0-52 m , j— i j : ! 1 1_ " " •" 3 21 5 2 1 53 235 0-64 Totals, 1930—31 .. .. .. | i qqa.ia 1 Aaa no ~ f ! 1 75 92 1,466-02 1 05 13 118 466 128 j 60 j 27 21 11 j 1,199 10,801 29-59

H.—2o.

Table B. PRISONS DEPARTMENT. Income and Expenditure Account for Year ended 31st March, 1931.

Expenditure. £ s. d. ; Income. £ s. d. To Rations .. .. .. .. 27,494 4 0! By Rents of departmental buildings .. .. 3,653 14 10 Clothing, footwear, and equipment .. .. 9,938 76 | Sundry credits and recoveries .. . . 4,982 16 9 Earnings and wages—Prisoners and dependants 17,184 I 4 1 Gross cost of departmental upkeep (£ll5 Is. 9d. Hospital maintenance anrl medicines .. 2, 441 26 j per prisoner per annum) .. ..175,545 2 o Transport and travelling-expenses .. .. 6,652 11 2 Maintenance, buildings, and grounds .. 2,300 13 3 Salaries and allowances .. .. 55,757 310 Fuel, light, water, &c. .. .. .. 7,585 18 5 Postage, telegrams, stationery, &c. .. .. 1,410 12 11 £ s. d. 130,764 14 11 Prison labour (domestic) .. 20,806 4 2 Less earnings and wages paid 16,951 18 0 3,854 6 2 Interest and depreciation .. .. .. 43, 905 3 9 Administrative expenses .. .. .. 5,657 9 2 £184,181 14 0 £184,181 14 0 £ s. d. £ To Gross cost, brought down .. .. .. 175,545 2 5 By Prison labour .. .. .. .. , j ® Public Account surplus on industries .. 21,771 1 1 7 Net cost —Departmental upkeep (£BB lis. 4d. per prisoner per annum.) .. .. 135,095 9 1 £175,545 2 5 £175,545 2 5 Balance-sheet as at 31st March, 1931. Liabilities. £ s. d. Assets. £ s. d. Capital Account .. .. .. .. 921,076 3 5 Land, buildings, and improvements .. .. 829,401 510 Depreciation Reserve .. .. .. 134,564 7 3 Farm live-stock, implements, &c. .. .. 43,477 10 2 Sundrv creditors .. .. 6,348 11 8 Plant, machinery, equipment, and stores .. 97,067 8 8 Accrued earnings 6,635 4 0 Sundry debtors 8 957 4 6 Deposits .. .. .. .. •• 1,153 10 11 Deposits .. .. .. .. 2,068 6 5 Writings-off in Suspense .. .. .. 2,308 18 5 Expenditure paid in advance .. .. 165 1 8 Treasury Adjustment Account .. .. 68,642 6 3 Terrace Prison Demolition Account .. .. 17,550 710 Writings-off in Suspense .. .. .. 2,308 18 5 Departmental cost for year— £ s. d. Prisons and administration 135,095 9 1 Prisons Board and probation 4,637 9 4 139,732 18 5 £1,140,729 1 11 £1,140,729 1 11

The above account and balance-sheet have been audited, and a duly certified copy thereof will appear in Parliamentary Statement B. 1 [Pt. IV], G. 0. Hall, A.R.A.N.Z., Departmental Accountant.

Table B1. Analysis of Value of all Prison Labour for the Year ended 31st March, 1931, together with Corresponding Totals for Previous Years.

3—H. 20

H—2o.

Summary of above, and also of Previous Years.

Improvements. Works and Industries. Institutional Maintenance. ' Annual Value of Labour per Head. T. | Hi Boot | Block A no . flC Domestic I Domestic Domestic Total, Total, Total, 1930-31. 1929-30. Grounds Farm " MaI ™" Farms and ™ e an™ worts an J Misce1 ' t enanS X Cleaning Launder- | Cook] ing, 1930-31. j 1929-30. 1928-29. I Grounds, develop . facturlng S and Manu- ™ d ! W0 'S™ d ! laneous and lng and ! Bakhl 8' Average I Average Ptant. ment - and Gardens, factur-* c Industries. " Sanitary, Repairs ito and Number of 1 Amount. Numbe? of Amount. Repairs. : ing. F j Boads , «o- I Uotlung. ;Katiomng. Inmates. Inmates. - [ ■ . « I » t I. 1 i I J i £££££££££££££££ £ £ Addington .. .. .. .. 148 .. .. 261 183 31 75 696 670 819 21-58 32-25 21-34 31-40 Auckland .. .. . 1,553 .. 1,262 253 .. 10,512 .. 2,414 437 2,478 304 613 19,826 18,086 17,887 423-50 46-81 373-75 48-39 Hautu .. . 2,685 .. .. I .. .. .. .. 4 61 61 292 3,103 2,570 2,932 48-07 | 64-53 39-13 65-67 Rangipo .. .. .. .. 2,037 .. .. .. .. .. .. 12 59 63 73 2,244 1,663 1,987 36-16 62-03 29-30 56-76 Invercargill .. .. .. 1,611 520 4,422 ! .. .. .. .. 651 980 518 673 9,375 10,808 13,267 190-02 | 49-35 201-12 53-74 Napier .. .. . 1 .. .. 23 j 451 .. 124 119 47 92 857 924 920 21-47 j 39-87 20-28 45-56 New Plymouth .. .. .. .. .. 223 1,625 .. .. 58 371 218 199 2,694 2,767 2,885 54-69 49-24 55-42 49-93 Paparua .. .. .. 724 16 1,960 78 2,555 .. .. 1,449 692 493 455 8,422 8,074 8,676 154-09 ; 54-65 136-21 59-28 Point Halswel! .. .. .. .. 343 .. .. 330 316 248 27 90 1,354 975 1,362 42-25 ! 32-04 29-80 32-72 Waikeria .. .. .. 176 598 .. 6,980 .. .. .. .. 933 877 525 575 10,664 10,577 10,448 148-39 I 71-86 147-02 j 71-94 Waikune .. .. .. 61 .. .. 6,843 .. 161 221 212 822 8,320 9,951 9.224 86-68 95-98 98-02 \ 101-52 Wanganui .. .. .. 72 I .. .. . . .. 279 118 109 91 669 658 705 30-16 22-18 29-02 \ 22-68 Wellington.. .. .. 4,976 171 .. 1,034 I .. 6 160 174 625 1.024; 430 393 8,993 9,862 10,153 138-31 65-01 135-91 72-56 WiTako .. .. .. 114 100 .. 4,175' .. .. .. 155 39 203 115 135 5,036 4,500 5,131 80-38 62-62 69-36 64-88 Minor gaols .. .. .. j 23 j .. .. .. 209 201 .. .. 433 450 454 49-57 8-73 39-86 11-29 Totals, 1930-31 .. 7,605 7,218 j 1,782 | 19,654 78 ] 15,149 7,003 3,334 5,297 7,835 3,153 4,578 j 82,686 .. .. 1,525-32 54-20 Corresponding totals — 1929-30 .. .. 4,493 2,581 2,186 i 22,002 161 13,001 14,935 3,156 3,882 8.220 3,336 4,582 .. 82,535 .. .. .. 1,425-54 1928-29 .. .. 9,477 3,541 \ 2,286 23,273 155 13,783 10,966 4,164 3,883 8,034 2,609 4,679 .. .. 86,850 .. .. .. 57-89 . , I I 1 ; :

„ Capital Worts and ! Institutional | Total • Improvements. ! Industries. I Maintenance. j £ £ £ £ 1930-31 .. .. .. 14,823* 47,000 20,863 82,686 1929-30 .. .. .. 7,074 55,441 20,020 82,535 1928-29 .. .. .. 13,018 54,627 19,205 ! 86,850 1927-28 .. .. .. 16.090 51,301 20,040 j 87,431 1926-27 .. .. .. 16,676 48,499 18,271 83,446 1925-26 .. .. .. 16,139 46,457 16,984 79,580 1924-25 .. .. .. 13,167 51,890 18,266 83,332 * Development at Hautu and Uangipo previously tabulated under " Works and Industries " now shown as " Capital Improvements."

H.—2o.

Table C. Table showing the Actual Number of Distinct Convicted Prisoners received into Gaol during the Year 1930, classified according to Principal Offences, Birthplace, and Age.

Offences against the Offences against „ Person. Property. Miscellaneous. . | Totals. InXEtnt. ™™vTcteclf j Mi3chM - Drunkenness.. Vagrancy.t Birthplaces— .. .. m. F. M. F. m. f. m. f. m. f. m. f. m. f. m. f. New Zealand .. 67 1 60 .. S88 27 60 2 183 12 142 67 532 19 1,632 128 Australia .. .. 6 10 54 1 4 24 1 20 2 63 181 4 England and Wales .. 11 .. 13 .. 119 3 13 92 39 7 162 3 449 13 Scotland .. .. 3 .. 6 .. 24 3 5 . . 40 2 23 1 56 .. 157 6 Ireland .. 1 .. 26 .. 1 .. 36 21 4 38 1 123 5 Other British countries 1 5 16 9 2 7 .. 12 50 2 China .. 1 1 27 .. 29 Other countries .. 2 7 13 2 8 .. 9 .. 25 66 At sea .. .. .. 1 .. .. .. 1 Not stated .. 1 4.. 2.. 2 .. 2 .. 6 1 17 1 Totals .. 90 1 103 .. 845 34 87 2 395 17 263 82 921 24 2,704 160 Ages— 15 and under 20 years 8 .. 7 .. 82 7 17 .. 2 3 15 20 3 139 25 20 „ 25 „ 14 .. 18 .. 201 7 22 1 11 11 3 139 2 416 13 25 „ 30 „ 23 . . 20 .. 157 1 13 .. 22 3 16 6 162 3 413 13 30 „ 40 „ 21 .. 28 .. 205 6 14 .. 90 5 69 22 253 3 680 36 40 „ 50 „ 15 1 15 .. 123 8 13 1 123 5 69 23 180 9 538 47 50 „ 60 „ 7 9 63 5 4 .. 101 2 65 9 121 3 370 19 60 and over .. .. 2 .. 6 . . 12 .. 3 .. 44 2 30 4 40 1 137 7 Not stated .. .. .. .. ..... 2 1 2 .. .. .. 6 11 Totals .. 90 1 103 .. 845 34 87 2 395 17 263 82 921 24 2,704 160 Maoris included above .. 4 15 71 10 1 15 2 2 2 61 I 1 178 6 i | * It must be remembered that drunkenness is punished more by fine than by imprisonment, so that the figures in the gaol tables do not represent the full number of persons punished for that offence. f Including importuning, consorting with rogues, &c.

H.—2o.

Table D. PRISONS.—NEW ZEALAND BORN PRISONERS RECEIVED, 1930. Table showing the Number of Distinct New Zealand born Convicted Prisoners of each Sex (including Maoris) received during the Year 1930, classified according to Ages and Offences.

Table E. PRISONS.—MAORI PRISONERS RECEIVED, 1930. Table showing the Number, Ages, and Offences of Distinct Convicted Maoris (Male and Female) received into the various Gaols during the Year 1930.

12 and 15 and 20 and 25 and 30 and 40 and Not ,,, , , under 15. j under 20. under 25. under 30. under 40. upwards. stated. J-Otals, Offences. j M. F. M. | F. M. F. M. F. M. J F. M. F. M. F. M. F _ I I j I Offences against the person— Convicted on indictment 8 13 19 12 15 1 .... 67 1 Convicted summarily 6 .. 15 .. 11 .. 15 .. 13 60 Offences against property — Theft and deceit 73 5 150 5 114 1 128 5 122 11 1 888 27 Mischief .. .. 12 .. 18 1 11 .. 8 .. 11 1 .. 60 2 Drunkenness .. 2 .. 8 .. 13 3 46 3 114 6 .. . 183 12 Vagrancy* .. .. 3 13 6 3 8 5 45 19 80 27 .... 142 67 Other offences .. 9 2 88 2 89 2 147 3 196 10 3 .. 532 19 Totals, 1930 113 20 298 11 265 11 401 30 551 56 4 .. 1,632 128 Totals, 1929 150 7 238 7 252 7 322 22 493 53 5 ..1,460 96 Totals, 1928 .. 1 ..138 12 259 9 241 9 345 15 469 40 .. .. 1,453 85 Totals, 1927 178 21 259 9 225 11 364 27 436 37 3 .. 1,465 105~ Totals, 1926 .. 1 .. 168 20 288 12 215 6 326 23 455 49 1 .. 1,454 110 * Including importuning, consorting with rogues, &c.

12 and 15 and 20 and 25 and 30 and 40 and Not T , . under 15. under 20. under 25. under 30. under 40. upwards. seated. ±oiais. Offences. M. F. j M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. j M. J F. M. : F. M. F. Offences against the person— Convicted on indictment .. 3 .. 1 4 Summarily convicted .. 6 .. 3 .. 4 .. 2 15 Theft and deceit .. .. 13 .. 24 .. 16 .. 12 .. 6 71 Mischief .. .. .. 3.. 5 1 1 1 10 1 Drunkenness .. .. 4 1 1 8 1 2 15 2 Vagrancy .. .. 1 1.. l l 2 2 Other offences .. .. 2 .. 14 .. 13 .. 13 .. 17 1 2 .. 61 1 Totals .. .. 18 .. 53 2 38 1 39 2 28 1 2 .. 178 6

H—2o

Table F. PRISONERS— AGES AND SENTENCES. Table showing the Ages of Distinct Prisoners received under Sentence during the Year 1930, with Information as to Length of Sentence.

By Authority : W. A. G. Skinner, Government Printer, Wellington.— 1931.

Approximate Cost of Paper.—Preparation, not given; printing (700 copies), £28 7s. 6d.

Price 9d .]

Total Length of Sentence. Age. 1 Week I 1 Month ! 3 Months 6 Months 9 Months 1 Year i 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years 5 Years 7 Years 10 Years 12 Years 15 Years Habitual definite or Under and under i and under i and under and under and under and under | and under and under and under and under and under and under and under and under Life. 11 ? 11 " not stated 1 Week. j TnoSth 3 MoSf | I moX 9 Months. 12 Months. 2 Years, j 3 Years. 4 Years. 5 Years. 7 Years. 10 1 ears. 12 Years. 15 Years. 20 Years. nals. periodg< M F M. F. M. IT. M. P. M. F. | M. JF. M. I F. M. Tf\ M. : F. M. V. M. *. . M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. j M. F. M. F. M. F. j M F. * * " * ! 2 .. .. .... . a • • 15 and under 16 I A °ō i o 1 ' 7 2 j? " \i 2 •• i i •• :: -i :: :: :: i » i| H :: :: :: .. :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: "i :: " - i Jo " Jp " " e " 3 1 2 15 3 20 i 2 •• 1 46 7 " 19 • • •• •• _ 17 A ■ in ■ 9 9 1 ...... ........ 58 9 19 20 4 .. 10 2 5 1 7 .. 17 6 | 10 : 2 2 I • • 20 21 4 .. 14 .. 15 .. 7 1 1 2 3 .. 21 4 1 10 1 .. .. 1 .. .. ! •• •• •• 78 6 21 " 25 21 .. 64 .. 86 .. 42 2 25 .. 1 .. 28 3 42 2 17 .. 2 .. 6 .. 1 1 .. 2 .. 338 7 25 ; 30 35 2 86 1 102 4 71 4 32 1 4 .. 39 I 16 .. 16 .. 3 .. 6 ; 2 .. 1 .. 413 3 30 35 46 .. 70 1 84 4 68 10 34 1 ! 4 28 1 15 .. 6 2 .. .. .. .. .. 2 .. 1 .. « / 35 ;; 40 52 3 65 1 66 1 60 12 27 1 4 .. 19 I |2 •• 8 .. 1 .. •• •• 1 r j f 8 ? \l 40 „ 45 63 .. 45 4 60 4 53 1 j 30 4 | 3 .. 8 3 11 .. 1 .. 3 .. 1 .. •• I •• •• " " 250 29 45 „ 50 57 5 48 5 56 4 41 9 26 2 ; .. 11 4 4 .. 4 i 2 : .. .... |{ 50 ;; 55 49 2 54 .. 43 4 38 7 20 10 .. 3 .. 4 1 3 .. 1 •• 226 13 55 „ 60 37 .. 30 .. 32 4 30 1 6 .. •. • • 6 1 .. •. ; 1 , g8 g 60 „ 65 24 .. 11 1 9 1 12 2 2 .. .. .. 6 lj 3 .. .. .. .... i " " " 40 1 65 „ 70 10 1 12 .. 5 5 3 .. [ .. 3 | .. | .. 1 22 _ _ 70 „ 75 10 .. 2 1 .. 6 .. • * j ' * i '' " ; 4 75 „ so 2 i •• •• 1 :::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 "1 80 and over 1 1 x.. i Not stated .. 3 .. 4 .. •* •• Totals .. soj 112 s 12 .. 24 .. 3 1 1 2 .. a 1 « .. 2,703 ieo I ! 1 i i I ! 1 ! 1 : ! * Prisoners sentenced to death but sentence commuted to imprisonment for life.

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PRISONS DEPARTMENT (REPORT ON) FOR THE YEAR 1930-31., Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1931 Session I-II, H-20

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13,455

PRISONS DEPARTMENT (REPORT ON) FOR THE YEAR 1930-31. Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1931 Session I-II, H-20

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PRISONS DEPARTMENT (REPORT ON) FOR THE YEAR 1930-31. Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1931 Session I-II, H-20

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To the best of the National Library of New Zealand’s knowledge, under New Zealand law, there is no copyright in this item in New Zealand.