CANADA AND NEW ZEALAND TRADE RELATIONS. STATEMENT BY THE HON. G. W. FORBES, PRIME MINISTER.

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1930 Session I, A-09

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1930. NEW ZEALAND.

CANADA AND NEW ZEALAND TRADE RELATIONS. STATEMENT BY THE HON. G. W. FORBES, PRIME MINISTER.

Laid on the Table of the House of Representatives by Leave.

As honourable members are aware, the Government has for some time been in communication with the Government of Canada concerning the trade relations between the two countries. It will be remembered that in 1925 a trade agreement was made between Australia and Canada under which certain reductions in duty were made on Commonwealth products entering Canada. On the Ist October, 1925, the benefits of this agreement were extended to New Zealand goods. The principal reductions in duty were as follows

The following figures of trade between Canada and New Zealand for the years 1923 to 1929 will show the effect of the alterations on the export trade of New Zealand to Canada : —

It will be noticed, however, that notwithstanding the increase in the exports from this Dominion to Canada the balance of trade was still considerably against New Zealand.

Rate of Duty on Importation into Canada. Goods, being produce of New Zealand. British Preferential Tariff Agreement Rate. Rate (in force prior to the 1st October, 1925). Meats (fresh) . . .. \ cent per pound. 2 cents per pound. Cheese . . .. . . Free. 2 cents per pound. Butter . . . . . . 1 cent per pound. 3 cents per pound.

n , j v Imports into New r/ ew Difference in Favour Calendar Year. v i i r< Zealand Produce to c , Zealand liom Canada.; Canada Canada. I 1 £ £ £ 1923 .. .. 2,950,984 656,299 2,294,685 1924 .. .. 3,914,404 705,324 3,209,080 1925 .. .. 3,916,237 413,536 3,502,701 1926 .. .. 3,431,533 850,362 2,581,171 1927 .. .. 2,739,826 1,652,067 1,087,759 1928 .. .. 3,258,828 2,455,337 803,491 1929 .. .. 4,792,820 3,342,299 ' 1,450,521

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The following are the exports of butter, cheese, and fresh meats from New Zealand to Canada during the year 1924 and the years 1926-29 : —

It will be apparent that during 1929 butter formed over 80 per cent, of our total exports to Canada. As a matter of fact, butter sent to that Dominion formed about 20 per cent, of the total exports of that commodity from New Zealand. Ever since New Zealand, in 1903, adopted the system of preferential tariffs the benefits of the lower duties have always been extended to Canadian products. It is estimated that the concessions iti duty granted by New Zealand to Canada are much greater than those made by Canada on New Zealand products even with the lower rates provided for in the Australian agreement. In April last the then Canadian Government suggested that discussions should take place between the two countries with a view to the negotiation of a direct trade agreement. At the same time they informed us that after the expiry of six months the benefits of the Australian agreement could not be granted to our products, but that they were willing to extend the British Preferential Tariff rates to New Zealand goods in return for the continued grant of the British Preferential Tariff rates in force in New Zealand to Canadian goods. Shortly after this (in May, 1930) the Canadian Parliament passed an Act increasing the British Preferential Tariff rate on butter to a minimum of 4 cents per pound, which latter was the rate under the General Tariff in April last. At the same time countervailing duties were imposed on butter, fresh meats, eggs, oats, and potatoes. The effect of these countervailing duties is that if the New Zealand rate on the Canadian goods concerned is higher than that in force in Canada on New Zealand goods the higher rate can be charged on our products if imported into Canada. Since April last we have been in communication with the Government of Canada with a view to the maintenance of the duty of 1 cent per pound on New Zealand butter until a direct trade agreement could be made and implemented by legislation here. The negotiations have been delayed owing to the Canadian general elections, which took place towards the end of last month. The new Canadian Administration has now informed the Government, in effect, that they cannot extend the Australian agreement rates to New Zealand products beyond October, but that they are willing to enter into negotiations for a direct trade agreement. The Government is, as a general rule, averse to a policy of tariff retaliation, especially with respect to a sister Dominion, but it is felt that the matter is of such moment to New Zealand, and especially to the dairy industry, that some action must be taken. It has therefore been decided that Canadian motor-vehicles and accessories are to be placed on the General Tariff in force in April last. An Order in Council bringing the new duties into force will be gazetted to-day. It is not proposed to apply the increased rates to goods already exported from Canada, as it is felt that action should be taken so as to inflict as little hardship and inconvenience as possible on our own importers. The Government is quite willing, pending the completion of a direct trade agreement, to replace Canadian motor-vehicles on the British Preferential Tariff, provided that the Canadian Government will similarly continue to grant to our products the rates fixed by the Australian-Canadian agreement. As I have already informed the House, I propose to discuss this matter with the Government of Canada when passing through that Dominion on my way to the Imperial Conference. House of Representatives, 21st August, 1930.

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Price 3c(.j

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Year. Butter. Cheese. Meats (Fresh). £ £ £ 1924 .. .. 340,582 19,322 3,022 1926 .. .. 230,562 .. 1,129 1927 .. .. 899,727 4,495 8,948 1928 .. .. 1,565,646 10,465 53,440 1929 .. .. 2,707,669 13,606 36,197