EDUCATION: PRIMARY EDUCATION. [In continuation of E.-2, 1925.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1926 Session I, E-02

E.—2

1926. NEW ZEALAND

EDUCATION: PRIMARY EDUCATION. [In continuation of E.-2, 1925.]

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

CONTENTS. Page Paga Detailed Tables relating to Primary Eduoation .. 2 Appendix B— continued. Balance-sheets of Education Boards—continued. Appendices. Taranaki 33 Wanganui .. .. .. .. ..34 Appendix A—Report of Chief Inspector of Primary Hawke's Bay .. .. .. .. 35 Sohools .. .. .. .. ..15 Wellington.. .. .. .. ..35 JNelson .. .. .. .. .. 36 Appendix B, — Canterbury .. .. .. .. .. 37 Reports of Eduoation Boards— Otago .. • .. .. .. .. 38 Auokland .. .. .. .. ..18 Southland .. .. .. .. ..39 Taranaki .. .. .. .. .. 20 Wanganui .. .. .. .. ..21 Hawke's Bay .. .. .. 22 Appendix D, — Wellington.. .. .. .. ..24 Training Colleges — Nelson .. .. .. .. .. 25 I. Detailed Tables .. .. .. .. 40 Canterbury .. .. .. .. .. 26 11. Reports of Principals of Training Colleges— Otago .. .. .. .. ..28 Auokland.. .. .. .. ..42 Southland .. .. .. .. .. 30 Wellington .. .. .. .. 43 Christchurch .. .. .. .. 45 Balanoe-sheet3 of Education Boards— Dunedin .. .. .. .. 46 Auckland .. .. .. .. .. 32

I—E. 2.

E.—2.

DETAILED TABLES RELATING TO PRIMARY EDUCATION.

The following tables relate to primary education for the year 1925.

Table A1. —Number of Public Schools, December, 1925, classified according to Grade.

Table B1. —School Attendance at Public Schools in 1925.

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>> . ® P3 ® *** Grade of School 'SSSco® 2 a 3 £2 and g | g -S g> ri ■£ . <5 kS" Average Attendance. 3 g af 5 S ® §> S^Q <! H P K R° ~~i ~ 0 1-8 .. .. I 84 11 21 26 31 21 IS 15 15 209 1 9-20 .. .. j 235 50 61 61 76 51 127 79 54 794 II 21-35 .. ..150 33 33 29 50 25 82 57 47 506 fA 36-50 .. .. ! Ill 25 25 13 19 16 46 32 33 320 TUV B 51-80 66 25 30 18 15 10 44 22 23 253 t C 81-120 42 10 7 17 15 8 21 18 7 145 f A 121-160 .. 16 4 11 5 5 3 7 7 5 63 IVX B 161-200 .. .. 4 3 2 2 7 1 6 .. .. 25 IC 201-240 .. ..3 2 2 2 8 4 9 2 6 38 ( A 241-280 .. .. [ 11 1 5 2 2 1 3 1 1 27 B 281-320 .. .. J 7 .. 1 1 7 2 2 4 1 25 [C 321-360 .. ..8 2 3 2 6.. 5 2 1 29 fA 361-400 .. .. 8 1 3 4 .. .. 5 3 .. 24 VI B 401-440 .. .. 6 .. .. 1 2 .. 3 3 2 17 [C 441—480 .. .. 4 .. 1 .. 2 .. 1 2 .. 10 fA 481-520 .. .. 9 1 1 4 2 .. .. 1 .. 18 B 521-560 .. .. 5 .. 1 1 2 .. 2 5 1 17 C 561-600 .-. .. 5 1 2 1 .. .. 7 .. .. 16 D 601-640 .. .. 4 1 .. .. 2 1 2 3 .. 13 E 641-680 .. .. 4 1 1 1 3 .. 2 .. 2 14 F 681-720 .. .. 2 1 .. 2 1 .. 6 x 11 1 G 721-760 .. .. 1 2 .. 1 .. .. 4 H 761-800 .. .. 2 .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. .. 5 I 801-840 J 841-880 .. 1 1 K 881-920 .. L 921-960 .. 1 .. .. 1 Totals for 1925 .. 1 757 171 211 191 258 143 394 257 198 2,580 Totals for 1924 .. 753 172 209 187 258 144 395 260 196 2,574 Difference .. .. + 4 -1 +2 +4 .. -1 -1 -3 +2 +6 I I Note.- —Part-time schools and main schools with side schools attached are counted separately, and are included in the separate grades determined by the separate average attendance of each school.

(Excluding Secondary Departments of District High Schools.) Average Attendance for ■Rn'n Nnmhnrn Mean of Average Weekly Boll Whole Year (Mean of of Three Quarters, 1925. Average Attendance of Three Average Quarters). Attendance — ———— as Education District. Pupils Pupils Percentage at at of Average 31st De- 31st De- Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. cember, cember, koij, 1924. 1925. Auckland .. .. 64,689 65,070 33,906 31,134 65,040 30,780 28,036 58,816 90-4 Taranaki.. .. .. 11,310 11,474 5,904 5,387 11,291 5,415 4,927 10,342 91-6 Wanganui .. .. 16,983 17,218 8,846 8,030 16,876 8,117 7,329 15,446 91-5 Hawke's Bay .. .. 15,865 16,277 8,369 7,576 15,945 7,665 6,910 14,575 91-4 Wellington " .. .. 26,533 26,972 13,790 12,691 26,481 12,681 11,548 24,229 91-5 Nelson .. .. .. 7,074 7,143 3,705 3,348 7,053 3,411 3,065 6,476 91-8 Canterbury .. .. 36,853 36,887 18,685 17,608 36,293 17,126 16,033 33,159 91*4 Otago .. .. .. 21,749 21,360 10,883 10,012 20,895 10,174 9,312 19,486 93-2 Southland .. .. 12,234 12,323 6,373 5,649 12,022 5,873 5,186 11,059 92-0 Totals, 1925 .. .. 214,724 110,461 101,435 211,896 101,242 92,346 193,588 91-4 Totals, 1924 .. 213,290 .. 109,451 100,416 209,867 99,412 90,821 190,233 90-6 Increase .. .. .. 1,434 1,010 1,019 2,029 1,830 1,525 3,355 0-8

E.—2.

Table B2.—Average Attendance for the Year 1925 aT the Public Schools as grouped in Table A1, as estimated for determining the Grades of Schools.

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(Including Secondary Departments of District High Schools.) • Primary Department. % % __ b £j -d : : 3 0 •§ g Grad0 - Totals a £ ° Auck- Tara- Wanga- Hawke's Welling- T»- eI , ni , Canter- South- jL 8 S -3$ land. naki. nui. Bay. ton. WeIson ' bury. 0ta «°- land. Pri ™ ry . 0 1-8 315 75 118 132 217 113 103 78 70 1,221 .. 1,221 1 9-20 3,332 708 858 806 1,099 714 1,992 1,080 810 11,399 .. 11,399 II 21-35 4,131 908 809 755. 1,352 587 .2,126 1,489 1,173 13,330 .. 13,330 fA 36-50 4,740 999 1,047 608. 761 680 2,037 1,500 1,388 13,760 .. 13,760 IIlJ B 51-80 4,100 1,479 1,844 1,136 978 665 2,693 1,308 1,419 15,622 48 15,670 [C 81-120 3,895 988 598 1,678 1,458 789 2,028 1,658 614 13,706 185 13,891 fA 121-160 2,241 591 1,588 689 719 416 896 957 674 8,771 132 8,903 IVB 161-200 705 523 349* 344 1,259 166 1,064 .. .. 4,410 189 4,599 fC 201-240 668 443 420 428 1,802 839 1,968 430 1,263 8,261 436 8,697 fA 241-280 2,817 254 1,313 495 540 246 741 251 285 6,942 353 7,295 V<j B 281-320 2,237 .. 311 323 2,057 611 585 1,247 293 7,664 139 7,803 fC 321-360 3,010 724 1,033 684 2,033 .. 1,690 693 401 10,268 257 10,525 fA 361-400 3,095 370 1,130 1,546 .. .. 1,943 1,109 .. 9,193 528 9,721 VIB 401-440 2,509 .. .. 415 892 .. 1,265 1,269 834 7,184 212 7,396 [C 441-480 1,842 .. 481 .. 943 .. 483 888 I .. 4,637 80 4,717 "A 481-520 4,513 404 521 2,050 1,057 .. .. 482 .. 9,027 96 9,123 B 521-560 2,653 .. 562 536 1,134 .. 1,103 2,742 579 9,309 144 9,453 C 561-600 3,098 584 1,136 577 .. .. 3,991. .. .. 9,386 216 9,602 D 601-640 2,939 611 .. .. 1,223 655 1,232 1,835 .. 8,495 91 8,586 K 641-680 2,629 723 664 566 1,917 .. 1,335 .. 1,292 9,126 .. 9,126 VII F 681-720 1,485 .. .. .. 686 .. 1,418 696 .. 4,285 .. 4,285 G 721-760 788 .. .. .. 1,461 .. 731 .. .. 2,980 49 3,029 H 761-800 1,600 .. 772 .. 794 .. 775 .. .. 3,941 .. 3,941 I 801-840 .. .. J 841-880 .. .. .. 889 .. .. .. 889 .. 889 K 881-920 .. .. .. .. ...... [L 921-960 .. .. .. .. 935 .. .. 935 .. 935 Totals for Primary 59,342 10,384 15,554 14,657 24,382 6,481 33,134 19,712 11,095 194,741 .. Totals for Second- 1,042 36 135 228 368 145 707 416 78 ..3,155 ary Totals, Primary and 60,384 10,420 15,689 14,885 24,750 6,626 33,841 20,128 11,173 .. .. 197,896 Secondary Notes. The average attendance as given in Table B2 differs from that in Table Bl, for the following reasons:—(1.) Under certain contingencies the regulations provide for the elimination of one or two quarters' averages in the case of any school or department if the grade of the school or department would be raised or maintained by calculating the yearly average attendance on the mean of the remaining quarter's average. The amended average attendance thus ascertained is reckoned for the sole purpose of determining the grade of the school, and consequently this amended average attendance is used in the compilation of Table B2, which gives the schools according to their grades. For statistical purposes the average attendance as given in Table Bl should be taken. (2.) The totals of this table are for the mean of the three quarters of each school taken separately, not the mean of the gross quarterly totals of all schools. (3.) New schools, many of which were open for only part of the year, are included as having an average attendance for the whole year ; whereas in Table Bl the average attendance is included only for those quarters during which the schools were open.

E.—2

Table C1.—Age and Sex of the Pupils on the School Rolls in the several Education Districts at the End of 1925.

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(Excluding Secondary Departments of District High Schools.) 6andunder7. 7 and under 8. 8 and under 9. 9 andunder 10. lOand under 11. 11 andunderl2. 12 and under 13. 13 and under 14. 14 and under 15. 15 and under 16. Over 16 Years. Totals of all Ages. Education District. — __ — Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Total. _____ [ Auckland .. .. 2,700 2,475 3,247 2,907 3,474 3,268 3,723 3,457 3,896 3,714 3,672 3,501 3,763 3,723 3,567 3,320 3,156 2,874 1,845 1,503 645 448 116 76 33,804 31,266 65,070 Taranaki .. .. 435 453 563 494 630 611 628 622 671 639 671 644 671 556 670 622 567 515 328 263 111 87 16 7 5,961 5,513 11,474 Wanganui .. .. 625 570 825 748 986 888 976 941 990 951 1,031 942 1,039 931 948 889 916 818 474 414 179 102 26 9 9,015 8,203 17,218, Hawke's Bay .. 624 557 756 717 881 872 910 898 977 900 1,004 851 939 892 956 813 769 733 523 379 160 106 35 25 8,534 7,743 16,277 Wellington.. .. 1,099 1,078 1,333 1,229 1,446 1,396 1,533 1,538 1,623 1,508 1,546 1,417 1,622 1,452 1,521 1,431 1,340 1,198 721 554 240 109 23 15 14,047 12,925 26,972 Nelson .. .. 292 311 366 362 405 365 410 360 448 358 431 357 394 378 418 373 334 337 189 149 54 35 14 3 3,755 3,388 7,143 Canterbury .. 1,573 1,495 1,746 1,714 1,908 1,865 2,071 2,039 2,128 2,024 2,192 2,020 2,034 2,077 2,008 1,955 1,847 1,737 1,058 818 312 224 23 19 18,900 17,987 36,887 Otago .. .. 899 854 1,023 952 1,137 1,101 1,205 1,193 1,319 1,199 1,247 1,116 1,285 1,196 1,242 1,166 1,100 995 510 390 132 78 15 6 11,114 10,246 21,360 Southland .. .. 543 539 604 532 721 662 642 650 750 639 755 665 752 702 705 606* 636 532 324 224 77 51 8 4 6,517 5,806 12,323 Totals for 1925 .. 8,790 8,332 10,463 9,65511,58811,02812,09811,698 12,80211,93212,54911,51312,49911,907 12,03511,17510,665 9,739 5,972 4,694 1,910 1,240 276 164111,647103,077 214,724 Percentage of pupils 8-0 9-4 10-5 1T2 lT2~ 114 10-8 9-5 5-0 ~b5 .. 100-0 of each age Totals for 1924 .. 7,577 6,85510,88710,21511,971 11,41512,706111,37212,261 11,363 12,50011,891 12,13511,44412,12511,33010,497 9,373 6,166 4,796 2,016 1.361 337 197 111,178(102,112 213,290 j 1 1 I L_ Difference .. +1213+1477 -424 -560 -383 -387 -608 -174 +541 +569 +49 -378 +364 +463 -90 -155 +168 +366 -194 -102 -106 -121 -61 -33 +469 +965+1,434

E.—2

Table C2.—Standard Classes of Pupils on School Rolls in the several Education Districts at the End of 1925.

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(Excluding Secondary Departments of District High Schools.) Pupils at End of Year in Standard Pupils in Preparatory Totals Education District. I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Total. Auckland .. 11,221 9,79721 ,018 4,140 3,836 7,976 4,331 4,107 8,438 4,389 4,203 8,592 3,968 3,832 7,800 3,218 3,113 6,331 2,515 2,325 4,840 22 53 75 33,804 31,266 65,070 Taranaki .. 1,873 1,746 3,619 748 723 1,471 768 665 1,433 775 700 1,475 724 623 1,347 608 574 1,182 446 457 903 19 25 44 5,961 5,513 11,474 Wanganui .. 2,775 2,387 5,162 1,116 994 2,110 1,114 1,081 2,195 1,187 1,119 2,306 1,074 2,036 924 909 1,833 814 738 1,552 11 13 24 9,015 8,203 17,218 Hawke's Bay .. 2,565 2,319 4,884 1,081 1,048 2,129 1,126 1,091 2,217 1,154 1,007 2,161 1,013 936 1,949 904 729 1,633 684 603 1,287 7 10 17 8,534 7,743 16,277 Wellington .. 4,459 4,074 8,533 1,590 1,519 3,109 1,644 1,596 3,240 1,774 1,639 3,413 1,620 1,456 3,076 1,549 1,372 2,921 1,403 1,248 2,651 8 21 29 14,047 12,925 26,972 Nelson .. .. 1,148 1,003 2,151 416 405 821 535 427 962 487 442 929 435 416 851 433 357 790 295 333 628 6 5 11 3,755 3,388 7,143 | Canterbury .. 5,835 5,372]11,207 2,270 2,131 4,401 2,349 2,259 4,608 2,570 2,449 5,019 2,225 2,274 4,499 2,008 2,012 4,020 1,634 1,478 3,112 9 12 21 18,900j 17,987 36,887 Otago .. .. 3,213 2,941 6,154 1,421 1,295 2,716 1,396 1,284 2,680 1,505 1,427 2,932 1,385 1,297 2,682 1,182 1,108 2,290 1,009 889 1,898 3 5 8 11,114 10,246 21,360 Southland .. 1,930 1,663 3,593 760 745 1,505 807 705 1,512 870 769 1,639 813 733 1,546 733 672 1.405 601 515 1,116 3 4 7 6,5n| 5,806 12,323 Totals for 1925 35,01931,30266,32113,54212,696 26,238 14,070 13,215' 27,285 14,711 13,755 28,466 13,257 12,529® 25,786 11,559 10,846 22,405 9,401 8,58617,987 88 148 236111,647 103,077 214,724 30-9 ' 12-2 1?7~ 13-3 12-0 104 8-4 01 100 Totals for 1924 34,580 30,753^5, 333 14,349 13,462 27,81114,321 13,116 27,437 14,24413,617 27,861 12,92712,086 25,01311,48710,558 22,045 9,075 8,23517,310 195 185 380111,178102,1121213,290 Difference .. +439 +54q[ +988 -807 -766-1,573 -251 +99 -152 +467 +138 +605 +330 +443 +773 +72 +288 +360 +326 +351 +677 -107 -37 -144 +469 +965 +1,434

E.—2.

Table C3.— Average Age of Pupils as at 31st December, 1925.

Table C4. —Proficiency Certificate Examination Results, 1925, in Public and Private Schools.

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Average Education District. Average Ages of the Pupils in each Class. formal 1 Classes. P. 81. 82. S3. S4. 85. 88. Yra. mos. Yrs. mos. Yrs. mos. Yrs. mos. Yis. mos. Yrs. mos. Yrs. mos. Yrs. mos. Auckland .. .. .. 7 1 9 1 10 1 11 3 12 3 13 2 14 1 10 0 Taranaki .. .. .. .. 7 0 9 0 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 2 13 11 10 0 Wanganui .. .. .. 7 0 8 11 10 0 11 1 12 2 13 1 14 0 10 1 Hawke's Bay .. .. .. 7 0 9 0 10 1 11 2 12 3 13 3 14 1 10 1 Wellington .. .. .. .. 6 11 8 11 9 11 10 11 12 0 12 11 13 9 9 11 Nelson .. .. .. .. 6 9 8 9 9 10 10 11 12 0 12 11 13 10 9 11 Canterbury .. .. .. 6 10 8 10 9 11 11 0 12 1 13 1 13 11 10 0 Otago .. .. .. .. 6 9 8 9 9 10 11 0 12 0 12 11 13 10 9 11 Southland .. .. .. 6 9 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 11 12 11 13 10 ,10 1 All districts .. .. .. 6 11 8 11 10 0 11 1 12 1 13 1 13 11 10 0 Range (difference between highest 0 4 0 5 0 5 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 2 and lowest)

Endorsed Competency • Number Proficiency Certificates. Competency Certificates. (included^n Education District. gg p^pn a previous presented. ; column). Number. | Percentage. Number. | Percentage. Number. Public Schools. Auckland .. .. .. 5,710 4,478 78-4 708 12-4 218 Taranaki .. .. .. 1,041 841 80-7 119 11-3 17 Wanganui .. .. .. 1,598 1,053 65-8 276 17-3 92 Hawke's Bay .. .. 1,328 1,124 84 ; 6 118 8-9 19 Wellington .. .. .. 2,662 2,035 76-4 363 13-6 122 Nelson .. .. .. 668 504 75-4 113 16-9 34 Canterbury .. .. .. 3,150 2,421 76-8 484 15-3 126 Otago .. .. ,. 2,212 1,870 84-5 181 8-1 13 Southland .. .. 1,168 858 73-5 193 16-5 32 Totals .. ..I 19,537 | 15,184 77-7 2,555 13-7 673 Private Schools. Auckland .. .. .. j 605 416 68-7 96 j 15-8 41 Taranaki . •• .. .. 1 97 70 72-1 13 ' 13-3 2 Wanganui .. .. .. 213 125 58-7 35 16-4 7 Hawke's Bay .. .. 225 165 73-3 29 12-9 Wellington .. .. .. 502 403 82-8 62 12-3 6 Nelson .. .. .. 99 80 80-8 15 15-1 2 Canterbury .. .. .. 636 446 70-0 . 109 17-1 13 Otago .. .. .. ! 262 195 74-4 34 12-9 Southland .. .. .. 122 96 78-7 22 18-0 2 Totals .. .. 2,761 1,996 72-3 415 15-0 73

E.—2.

Table C5.—Number of Children who left the Primary Schools in 1924.

Table D1. —Registered Private Primary Schools. —Number of Schools, Pupils, and Teachers.

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i 2 i I I d & . t laa-sfs'slls 3«« js a> « a o g ■< H £ « £ 6 M w I. Those who passed Standard VI : — Boys .. .. .. 1,845 317 563 302 959 265 1,287 855 449 6,842 Girls .. .. 1,659 146 507 250 841 250 1,207 819 417 6,096 Totals .. 3,504 463 1,070 552 1,800 515 2,494 1,674 . 866 12,938 II. Those who did not pass Standard VI but reached the age of 14 years Boys .. .. .. 1 627 308 239 104 314 133 503 310 171 2,709 Girls .. .. .. 478 122 215 88 260 100 430 266 120 2,079 Totals .. .. 1,105 430 454 192 574 233 933 576 291 4,788 Totals of I and II: — Boys .. .. .. 2,472 625 802 406 1,273 398 1,790 1,165 620 9,551 Girls.. .. .. .. 2,137 268 722 338 1,101 350 1,637 1,085 537 8,175 Grand totals .. 4,609 893 1,524 744 2,374 748 3,427 2,250 1,157 17,726

Roll Number. g Number of Teachers. Number of Schools. —= rf —; g f 3 Total Roll. g § * <2 s-??—* nfl"' 33 5 2 oco o £ o £ E £ District. ~ i g«j £.9 3" tS s 2 33 aJ2 — _ . a . O . .So O o O 7^ a «js £-§x i S3-S— as hJ j§ & oo» 111 III 111 |p §3 IS !i a «• 3 i -5-—: | gm ! 5«<S 3 m s» | § S g g ° i, M. j P. M. | P. M. | F. Auckland .. 8 42 11 61 521 5,535 733 3,049 3,740 6,789 5,524-9 8 21 12137 4 29 Taranaki 2 11 2 15 47 1,123 107 614 663 1,277 1,167-0 .. 2 .. 30 1 3 Wanganui.. 5 14 8 27 327 1,134 273 770 964 1,734 1,469-0 11 14 2 35 3 11 Hawke'sBay 8 12 8 28 184 1,569 237 932 1,058 1,990 1,774-7 7 10 3 37 5 15 Wellington 6 31 9 46 440 3,648 657 2,185 2,560 4,745 4,392-3 4 17 11 103 11 22 Nelson ..2 5 2 9 36 594 26 315 341 656 634-9 .. 2 .. 18 .. 3 Canterbury 11 44 9 64 478 4,391 822 2,602 3,089 5,691 4,975-9 10 20 12 130 9 22 Otago 3 17 4 24 133 1,620 268 862 1,159 2,021 1,962-9 ..| 8 4 55 2 9 Southland.. .. 10 1 11 .. 968 62 479 551 1,030 914-4 31 .. 4 Totals ;; 45 186 54 285 2,16620,582 3,18511,80814,12525,933 22,816-0 40 1 94 44576 35 118

E.-2.

Table E1.—School Staff, December, 1925 (exclusive of Secondary Departments of District High Schools).

Table E2.—Classification of Teachers in Public Primary Schools at 31st December, 1925.

Table E3.—Details of Classification of Teachers in Public Primary Schools, December, 1925.

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°£ £ 2 *3 * % ® ® bb 2° «d Sole Heads of Assistant Total Number of Pupil- ®9j: >- o sf ®"o c° ®o Teachers. Schools. I Teachers. Adult Teachers. teachers. o H r ® « Scpjno 25 Education DiB- •§,§ ! "S S "lot. — — s§ s-S M. F. M. F. M. F. M. I F. Total. M. P. - ?« , Ej 8<S §0 5-® 1 I j | g * g jS ||g g oiH * t Auckland .. 757 187 202 277 38 213 883 677 1,1231,800 33 62 95 1,895 196 60-3 59,342 32 30 Taranaki .. 171 31 62 46 31 19 152 96 245 341 7 15 22 363 39 39-2 10,384 29-5 28 Wanganui .. 211 41 70 79 15 40 232 160 317 477 12 24 36 505 52 50-5 15,554 32 30 Hawke'sBay.. 191 34 79 67 8 47 221 148 308 456 6 6 12 468 67 48-0 14,657 32 30 Wellington .. 258 34 112 75 20 86 398 195 530 725 15 41 56 781 83 36-8 24,382 32 31 Nelson .. 143 38 60 33 7 13 92 84 159 243 5 7 12 255 23 52-8 6,481 26 25 Canterbury .. 394 38 173 153 19 113 483 304 675 979 30 44 74 1,053 94 45-0 33,134 33 31 Otago .. 257 38 111 100 3 69 287 207 401 608 13 16 29 619 62 51-6 19,712 33 31 Southland .. 198 46 69 70 11 21 156 137 236 373 8 16 24 397 25 58-1 11,095 29 28 Totals, 1925 2,580 487 938 900 152 6212,9042,0083,9946,002 129 231 360 6,362 641 50-3 194,741 32 30 Totals, 1924 2,574 474 929 884 180 5912,7641,949 3,873 5,882 180 333 513 6,335 805 50-3 190,837 31 29 Difference + 6+13 + 9+16-28 +30+140 + 59+12lj + 180 -51 -102-153 + 27 -164 .. +3,904 +1 +1 ♦ Reckoning two pupil-teachers as one adult, but excluding probationers. t Reckoning two pupil-teachers or two probationers as one adult.

All Schools. Excluding SchoolB of Grades 0 and I. Education Unclassified Unclassified District. Classified Holders of and Total Classified Holders of and Total Teachers. Licenses. Unlicensed ' Teachers. Licenses. Unlicensed Loiai. Teachers. Teachers. (1) j (2) (8) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Auckland .. 1,606 20 174 1,800 1,468 12 85 1,565 Taranaki .. 282 7 52 341 253 7 21 281 Wanganui .. 400 8 69 477 363 7 25 395 Hawke's Bay .. 386 5 65 456 350 4 16 370 Wellington .. 659 8 58 725 599 6 17 622 Nelson .. 193 5 45 243 153 4 13 170 Canterbury .. 920 6 53 979 817 1 17 835 Otago .. 562 5 41 608 499 3 12 514 Southland .. 293 9 71 373 272 4 24 300 Totals .. 5,301 73 628 6,002 4,774 48 230 5,052

(Arranged according to Sex of Teachers and Class of Certificate held.) Class A. Class B. Class C. Class D. Class E. Total. Education District. j j j M. F. Total. 11. F. Total. M. j P. Total. M. j F. Total. M. F. Total. 1 M. F. Total. Auckland .. 15 4 19 101 50 151375 510 885128 379 507 3 41 44 622 984 1,«06 Taranaki .. ] .. 1 7 10 17 48 84 132 25 99 124 1 7 8 82 200 282 Wanganui .. ] 1 2 17 12 29 79 130 209 41 104 145 2 13 15 140 260 400 Hawke's Bay .. 1 .. 1 29 7 36 75 138 213 31 95 126 1 9 10 137 249 386 Wellington .. 8 2 10 57 63 120 77 226 303 41 168 209 2 15 17 185 474 659 Nelson 10 10 20 44 58 102 20 46 65 1 5 6 75 118 193 Canterbury .. 15 1 16 84 33 117 134 399 533 58 176 234 3 17 20 294 626 920 Otago .. .. 10 2 12 47 27 74 92 247 339 42 93 135 1 1 2 192 370 562 Southland .. 2 .. 2 17 10 27 52 111 163 31 61 92 3 6 9 105 188 ' 293 Totals .. 53 10 63 369 222 5919761,903 2,879 417 1,220 1,637 17 114 131 1,832 3,469 5,301

2—E. 2

E.—2.

Table E4.—Adult Teachers in Public Schools (excluding Secondary Departments of District High Schools) classified according to Salary, which for the Purpose of this Return includes House Allowance or an Equivalent Amount where a Residence is provided.— 1925.

9

Male Teachers. Female Teachers Summary. Certificated and licensed. Uncertificated. Certificated and licensed. Uncertificated. Salar >' ■ . Total . Total Certifi- TJnnertifl Sole and Sole and Sole and Sole and and " Total. Head [Assistants. 1 Total. Head jAssistants. Total. Head [Assistants. Total. Head [Assistants. Total. leacners. utenseu. Teachers. I Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. Not exceeding £140 .. .. .. 2 2 4 10 3 13 17 4 28 32 140 47 193 225 36 206 ! 242 f 141-£160 .. .. .. .. | .. 3 ,. I 3 3 1 45 46 16 66 82 j 128 46 85 [ 131 £161-£180 .. .. .. .. 1 i 3 4 10 j 10 I 14 4 394 398 16 17 33 j 431 402 43 1 445 £181-£200 .. .. .. .. 3 14 47 18 1 19 I 66 7 340 347 39 36 75 | 422 394 94 j 488 £201— £225 .. .. .. . . 10 j 43 53 44 1 45 ! 98 10 817 827 53 4 57 | 884 880 102 I 982 £226-£250 .. .. . . 79* j 58 137 22 1 23 160 144 351 495 31 3 34 529 632 57 J 689 Totals not exceeding £250 95 j 150 245 107 | 6 113 ; 358 170 1,975 2,145 301 173 474 2,619 2,390 587 | 2,977 £251-£275 .. .. .. .. 71 I 41 112 11 | 11 j 123 139 i 161 300 4. .. 4 304 412 15 j 427 £276-£300 .. .. .. .. Ill 29 140 9 j 9 149 140 I 202 342 7 .. 7 349 482 16 498 £301-£325 .. .. .. .. 37 43 SO 1 .. 1 ! 81 65 119 184 1 .. 1 1 185 264 2 266 £326-£350 .. .. .. .. 84 58 142 4 .. 4 146 85 | 158 223 .. .. 223 365 4 369 £351-£375 .. .. .. .. 97 74 171 .. 2 2 , 173 102 105 207 .. .. .. 207 378 2 380 £376-£400 .. .. .. .. 158 94 252 .. 1 1 1 253 • 63 | 6 69 .. .. ..69 321 1 322 £401-£425 .. .. .. .. 176 ! 33 209 .. .. .. 209 26 3 29 .. . I 29 238 .. 238 £426-£450 .. .. .. .. 101 I 82 183 .. .. ! 183 1 2 3 .. .. | 3 186 .. 186 £451— £475 .. .. .. .. 102 I 2 104 .. .. 104 4 .. 4 .. .. .. 4 108 .. 108 £476r£500 .. .. .. .. 20 5 25 .. 1 1 26 .. .. .. .. .. .. 25 1 26 £501— £525 .. .. . .. 71 .. 71 .. .. .. 71 1 I .. 1 .. .. .. 1 72 .. 72 £526-£550 .. .. .. .. 23 .. 23 .. .. .. 23 .. I .. .. .. ! 23 .. 23 £551-£575 .. .. .. .. 26 .. 26 .. .. .. 26 .. .. .. .. .. .... 26 .. 26 £576-£600 .. .. .. .. 79 .. 79 .. .. .. 79 .. .. .. .. .. .. 79 .. 79 £601-£625 .. .. .. .. 1 .. ■ • .... .. .. .. .. .. .. I £626-£650 .. .. .. .. 1 1 •• ■■ 1 .. j .. .. .. .. ! .. 1 .. 1 £651-£675 .. .. .. .. .2 i .. 2 .. .... 2 1 • ■ 1 • • •• • • 1 3 •• 3 £676-£700 .. .. .. .. i •• •• •• •• .. .. ; .. .. .. £701-£725 .. .. .. .. .. .. •• •• .. | .. .. .. j £726-£750 .. .. •. •. 1 • • 1 • •' • • •. . j 1 .. .. .. | . .. 1 .. 1 Totals, £251-£750 .. .. 1,160 461 1,621 25 4 29 1,650 607 j 756 1,363 12 .. 12 1,375 2,984 41 3,025 Grand totals .. .. 1,255 j 611 1,866 132 I 10 142 12,008 777 [2,731 3,508 313 173 486 3,994 | 5,374~ 628 6,002 i ! I I

E.—2,

Table F2.—Payments and Bank Balances of the several Education Boards for the Year 1925.

Table F1.—Receipts and Bank Balances of the several Education Boards for the Year 1925.

10

Receipts from Government. PnMip <s,»hnAi Receipts Cash Education Teachers' and j | R.VnrtinSs Rent and from Workshop Total Balances, B °ard. Administra- Believing- Libraries Conveyance Incidental Training Manual Technical (including Maintenance Scholarships, Tota i from 0 L ° cal Abcount. Receipts. 1st January, paries B = of ™n. £v», ~1 Sources. Allowances. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) I (6) (7) (8) I (») (10) i (11) (12) OS) (li) (15) (18) £ £ | £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ Auckland .. 10.318 534,869 | 500 5,775 30,920 44,859 23,022 6,591 130,936 31,054 27,242 846,086 15,287 .. 861,373 12,796 Taranaki .. 2,469 99,663 128 1,451 6,032 242 4,269 35 15,042 7,026 2,692 139,049 5,602 634 145,285 5,725 Wanganui .. 3,400 138,113 226 620 8,218 238 4,937 .. 20,080 10,071 3,508 189,411 5,210 829 195,450 228 Hawke's Bay 3,271 128,449 301 3.030 7,346 519 4,361 5,174 13,166 7,525 7,013 180,155 4,068 376 184,599 4,553 Wellington".. 4,645 202,791 298 1,996 11,452 51,938 8,178 1,085 40,960 15,821 10,509 349,673 23,258 .. 372,931 11,361 Nelson .. 1,881 67,315 102 1,089 4,110 203 1,789 .. 14,099 5,158 4,322 100.068 2,106 .. 102,174 3,916 Canterbury .. 6,379 292,219 422 6.470 17,038 36,609 10,487 421 42,853 23,058 16,174 452,130 9,707 2,027 463,864 14,188 Otago .. 4,281 177,795 253 3,564 10,424 36,662 5,245 589 6,022 13,881 7,278 265,994 9,578 ! 1,113 276,685 13,018 Southland .. 2,535 103,270 177 1,866 6,669 87 3,306 .. 10,978 7,541 2,711 139,140 6,323 304 145,767 8,032 Totals .. | 39,179; 1,744,484 2,407 25,861 102,209 171,357 65,594 13,895 294,136 121,135 81,449 2,661,706' j 81,539 5,283 2,748,128 73,817

Staff Salaries, • I I Public School ! j j Education Assistance, h Training Manual Technical Maintenance Scholarships, Workshop i Total Balances, Board. Office pS! ? p«Su? <SSSfiS T ? Instruction. Instruction. of School ! Refunds, and Account. Payments. 31st December, Contingencies, A "°wances. Grants.) Pupils. Schools. Teachers. Vuildings. Sundries. ; 1925. <fec. _ _ __ | : r~ ~~\ ~t ~~i ■ : £ £ ! £ £ £ ' £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ Auckland .. 12,231 535,023 506 6,256 30,928 | 43,304 j 27,631 6,178 130,808 38,676 31,854 4,149 ! 867,544 ; 6,625 Taranaki .. 3,175 100,242 230 1,202 5,893 259 4,495 26 10,807 i 6,067 3,932 7,837 144,165 6,845 Wanganui .. 3,757 138,325 159 797 8,271 113 5,700 464 17,708 1 9,517 5,558 4,450 194,819 j 859 Hawke'sBay .. 3,577 128,863 276 3,229 7,406 127 I 5,144 5,536 10,844 ; 5,331 9,645 6,787 186,765 1 2,387 Wellington .. 6,219 202,751 135 2,129 10,010 51,974 : 8,093 1,298 42,598 14,389 33,208 .. 372,804 11,488 Nelson .. 1,972 67,537 104 1.163 4,007 134 2,055 33 14,889 4,268 5,262 .. 101,424 4,666 Canterbury .. 6,003 292,183 915 6,803 17,566 36,879 11,566 379 43,902 16,855 20,041 17,299 470,391 7,661 Otago .. 4,510 177,946 243 4,318 10,543 36,740 6,043 641 10,637 12,590 13,589 10,376 288,167 1,536 Southland 3,271 103,457 671 1,862 6,464 99 4,328 90 10,545 j 6,095 6,146 5,236 148,264 5,535 Totals .. 44,715 1,746,327 3,239 27,759 101,088 169,629 75,055 14,645 292,738 j 113,788 129,235 56,125 2,774,343 47,602

R—2.

Table F3.—Payments of Education Boards on account of Administration and of Incidental Expenses of Schools, 1925.

11

Cost of Administration. Incidental Expenses of Schools. Education Board. Attendance. Per Unit of I Per Unit of Total. Average Total. j Average Attendance. Attendance. £ s. ! £ s. Auckland .. .. .. I 58,816 12,231 4-2 30,928 10-5 Taranaki .. .. .. 10,342 3,175 6'1 5,893 11-4 Wanganui .. .. .. 15,446 3,757 4-9 8,271 10-6 Hawke'sBay .. .. 14,575 3,577 4-9 7,406 10-2 Wellington.. .. .. 24,229 6,219 5'1 10,010 8-3 Nelson .. .. .. 6,476 1,972 6-1 4,007 12-4 Canterbury.. .. .. 33,159 6,003 3-6 17,566 10-6 Otago .. .. .. 19,486 4,510 4-6 10,543 10-8 Southland .. .. .. 11,059 3,271 5-9 6,464 11-6 Totals .. ... J 193,588 44,715 4-6 101,088 10-4 ! ;

E.—2.

Table F4. —Office Staffs of Education Boards as at 31st December, 1925.

12

Yearly Hate t> , „ of Salary. Remarks. Auckland — £ Secretary .. .. .. . • .. 800 Assistant Secretary .. .. ■ ■ . • 575 Accountant .. .. • . ■ • ■ • 600 Assistant Accountant .. . • • . • ■ 500 Chief Clerk .. .. • • ■ . • • 450 Clerks, 5—1 at £375, 1 at £335, 1 at £320, £1 at £205, 1,435 1 at £200 Typistes, 6—1 at £205, 1 at £200, 1 at £190, 1 at £175, 1,060 1 at £160, 1 at £130 Cadets, 5—2 at £135 .. .. .. .. 270 One plus £15 boarding-allowance. 1 at £115, 1 at £95, 1 at £80 . • . ■ 290 One plus £25 boarding-allowance. Attendance Officer .. .. . ■ . ■ 200 Architect's Branch. Acting-Architect .. .. .. .. ■ ■ 700 For twelve months from 25/10/25. Assistant Architect . . .. . . . . 450 Foreman .. .. ■. • ■ ■ • 450 Foreman Carpenter . . .. ■ ■ • 350 Draughtsmen, 2 —1 at £290, 1 at £6 per week .. 502 Temporary. Foreman Painter .. .. .. •. • • 286 Clerk .. .. .. . . ■ ■ • ■ 325 Typiste . . .. ■ • • ■ ■ • • ■ 175 Cadet .. .. • • • • • ■ • • 95 Plus £25 boarding-allowance. Manual and Technical Branch. Advisory Inspector and Supervisor Manual and Technical 750 Instruction Clerk .. .. .. ■. • • • • 375 Typistes, 2—1 at £205, 1 at £175 .. . .. 380 11,018 Takanakt — Secretary .. . • .... •• •• 550 Accountant .. . • •. .. • ■ 355 Assistant Secretary .. . . .. . ■ 320 Clerk-Typistes, 2—1 at £170, 1 at £155 . . . . 325 Typistes, 2 —1 at £145, 1 at £120 .. . . . . 265 Caretaker and Storeman .. .. .. . . 100 Attendance Officer .. . . .. . . 143 Architect's Branch. Architect , . . .. . . • . 600 Draughtsman .. .. .. .. . . 156 Workshop Foreman . . .. .. . . 330 Buildings Foremen, 2 at £312 .. .. . , 624 3,768 Wanoanui — Secretary . . .. .. .. .. 665 Assistant Secretary .. . . . • ■ . 410 Accountant .. .. .. ■ . .. 360 Assistant Accountant . . .. . . .. 235 Clerk and Typistes, 4 —1 at £145, 1 at £120, I at £90, 420 1 at £65 Typiste .. .. . . • . .. .. 215 Storeman .. .. •. . • ■ • 260 Attendance Officer .. .. . . .. 255 Plus actual travelling-expenses. Architect's Branch. Architect .. .. .. .. •. 575 Plus actual travelling-expenses. Architect's Assistant .. .. . . .. 250 Foremen Carpenters, 2 —1 at £364, 1 at £301 12s. . . 665/12 Plus 5s. per day country allowance. Workshop Foreman .. .. .. 312 Foreman Painter .. .. .. .. 299 Plus 4s. 2d. per day country allowance. 4,921/12 Hawke's Bay— Secretary ■ ■ ■ . .. .. .. 700 Plus £100 from High School Board. Accountant and Chief Clerk .. .. . . 450 Clerks, 3—1 at £365, 1 at £305, 1 at £240 .. . . 910 Junior Clerk .. .. .. .. . 100 Typistes, 3—1 at £215, 1 at £205, 1 at £115 .. 535 Architect's Branch. Architect .. .. .. .. . . 680 Architect's Clerk and Draughtsman.. .. .. 345 3,720

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Table F4.—Office Staffs of Education Boards as at 31st December, 1925 —continued.

13

Yearly Eate of Salary. Remark? Wellington- £ Secretary .. .. .. .. .. 750 Assistant Secretary .. .. .. .. 500 Supplies Clerk and Attendance Officer .. .. 375 # Staffs Officer .. .. .. .. . . 325 Book-keepers, 2—1 at £230, 1 at £210 .. . . 440 . -Xypistes, 5—1 at £200, 2 at £170, 1 at £160, 1 at £90 . . 620 "Junior Clerk .. ,. .. .. .. 85 Assistant Supplies Clerk .. .. .. .. 170 Architect's Branch. Architect .. .. .. .. .. 500 Clerk of Works .. .. .. .. .. 400 Draughtsman .. .. .. .. .. 325 Typiste .. .. .. .. .. .. 190 Junior Draughtsman .. .. .. .. 180 Clerks of Works, 2 —1 at £180, 1 at £312 .. .. 492 Clerk, Training College .. .. .. .. 115 5,467 Nelson — Seoretary .. .. .. .. .. 550 Accountant .. .. .. .. .. 365 Chief Clerk .. .. .. .. .. 285 Clerks, 2—1 at £120, 1 at £75 .. .. .. 195 Attendance Officer .. .. .. .. 60 Architect's Branch. Architect .. ..' .. .. .. 400 Painters, 2—1 at £241 16s., 1 at £228 16s. .. .. 470/12 2,325/12 Canterbury— Secretary .. .. .. .. .. 575 Assistant Secretary .. .. .. .. 385 Accountant .. . . . . .. .. 375 Clerks, 5—1 at £280, 1 at £180, 1 at £150, 1 at £110, 1 at 785 £65 Typistes, 3—3 at £180 .. .. .. .. 540 Architect's Branch. Architect .. .. . . .. .. 565 Draughtsmen, 2—1 at £320, 1 at £182 .. • • 502 Typiste .. .. .. .. .. .. 90 Foremen, 5 —3 at £450, l at £300, 1 at £312 .. 1,962 Buyer .. .. .. .. .. . • 300 Workshop Clerks, 3—1 a t £145, 2 at £95 .. . . 335 Attendance Officers, 2—1 at £275, I at £100 . . 375 6,789 Otago— Secretary .. .. .. .. . . 750 Chief Clerk .. .. .. .. . . 460 Clerks, 6—1 at £350, 2 at £310, 1 at £200, 1 at £100, 1 at 1,340 £70 Typistes, 2—1 at £135, 1 at £70 .. .. .. 205 Attendance Officer .. .. .. . . 350 Architect's Branch. .Architect .. .. .. .. . . 590 Draughtsman .. .. .. .. .. 450 Clerks, 2 —1 at £370, 1 at £208 .. .. .. 578 Workshop Foreman .. .. .. .. 325 5,048 Southland — Secretary .. .. . • .. .. 575 Assistant Secretary .. . . .. . . 475 Accountant .. .. .. . . .. 425 Clerk .. .. .. .. .. . . 144 Typistes, 3 —1 at £170, 1 at £75, 1 at £65 . . .. 310 Junior Clerk . . . . .. .. .. 104 Attendance Officer and Caretaker .. .. .. 240 Architect's Branch. Architect .. .. .. .. .. 525 Assistant Architect .. .. .. .. 400 Stores Clerk .. .. .. .. .. 234 3,432

E.—2

Table G1.—Manual Instruction and Elementary Needlework, 1925.

14

i b"3 Subjects and Number of Schools on account of which Capitation was claimed ill!. for 1925. ■BJ|S S S .g fjf Public Primary Schools. Private Schools. .2 . - — - : 1 32 * >» -o 5 73 Education District. a u a 1 0 a d * -a -a s* * : -s - aa| i m* « £i s £ *4 — 2 S « <y & o ® ® ® ° ft© ■Sill* 1 11 ag || I i || |IBII i jl |o £ 1 lw a a & m ■< B £ Auckland .. .. . . 464 183 180 27 409 123 32 29 Taranaki .. .. . . 163 33 35 2 163 26 7 6 Wanganui .. .. 183 36 36 2 183 32 7 5 Hawke's Bay . . . 155 20 20 13 147 19 5 5 Wellington .. . . .205 58 61 50 167 23 9 4 Nelson .. .. 105 37 36 4 103 29 3 3 Canterbury .. . . .. 306 140 143 14 272 27 15 15 Otago .. .. 235 42 39 10 225 34 Southland .. .. 141 86 77 3 133 35 5 3 Totals, 1925 .. ..1,957 635 627 125 1,802 348 83 70 Totals, 1924 .. .. 1,804 575 567 106 1,671 352 73 70

E.—2,

APPENDIX A. REPORT OF THE CHIEF INSPECTOR OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS. Sir, — Wellington, 4th June, 1926. I have the honour to present my annual report for the year ended 31st December, 1925. The only changes that took place in the inspectorial staff during the year were the retirement of Mr. W. Brock, M.A., Senior Inspector in charge of the Canterbury District; the transfer of Mr. M. McLeod, 8.A., from Hawke's Bay to succeed Mr. Brock; the appointment of Dr. J. W. Mcllraith as Senior Inspector to succeed Mr. McLeod; and the appointment of a successor to the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. J. Nicolson, for many years head teacher and latterly an Inspector in the Otago District. Stated in general terms the duties of an Inspector of Schools in New Zealand comprise the grading of teachers, the making of at least two unannounced visits to the schools in his charge, the setting and marking of papers for the Junior National Scholarship Examination and occasionally for other public examinations, and the sole responsibility of conducting the Standard VI examinations for proficiency certificates. The awarding of grading-marks to teachers occupies from a fortnight to three weeks in the larger districts ; the consideration of appeals against grading and the determination of interim gradings through the year absorb additional time, and when further periods occupied in examination work are deducted there is too little time left for the actual work of inspecting schools. It must not be thought that the inspection of schools in this country is at all a formal matter. Every Inspector recognizes that constructive work in improving the methods of teaching and the general efficiency of the instruction constitutes the major portion of his duty. The word Inspector does not by any means describe his main work. Every Inspector regards with pleasure and satisfaction the improvements he has been able to effect in the schools under his charge. Many an uncertificated teacher who entered the ranks without any training has been assisted to reach an honourable position in the service through the constructive work done by the Inspectors who visited his school. The efforts of the Inspectors in this respect have been ably seconded by an efficient staff of organizing teachers. Last year seventeen organizers were employed throughout the Dominion, but mainly in the North Island districts, where, owing to the more rapid advance of settlement, the number of remote schools manned by uncertificated teachers is larger than in the South Island. The number of uncertificated teachers has been very substantially reduced owing to the much larger number of trained teachers prepared by the training colleges. In the year 1923 there were 1,000 uncertificated teachers employed ; last year there were only 465, and of this number a large proportion are only one or two subjects short of the full examination requirements. It is very satisfactory to learn from the Inspectors that only about thirty of these are doing unsatisfactory work, and they will soon be replaced by more efficient trained teachers. It would, I think, be unwise to dispense with the organizing teachers, since young people who pass through the training college cannot possibly have sufficient practice and training in the management of country schools to enable them to do satisfactory work there without some further assistance. It is, however, apparent that as the number of trained and certificated teachers increases the services of organizers will not be so urgently required, and their places may be taken in certain districts by a fully qualified Inspector of Schools. It is perhaps not generally realized that the work of an Inspector involves duties of a very arduous nature and demands a strong physique and capacity for enduring discomfort cheerfully. Many of the schools, particularly in the North Island districts, can be reached only by riding on horseback, and the distances in many cases are long and the roads bad. I have before me the diary of an Inspector whose journeys for one week consisted in travelling on horseback in a very lonely part of the country over distances varying from twenty to thirty miles daily. On some occasions he succeeded in visiting two very small schools in the course of his daily journey, and one can well understand how, during that period, ordinary official hours were entirely disregarded. The staffing of primary schools is from year to year being considerably improved, mainly owing to the power now possessed by the Department of granting an increase in school staff wherever classes are unduly large. The scale of staffing is now such as to reduce the number of pupils per teacher to 40 in Grade IV schools, 45 in G-rade V, 48 to 50 in Grade VI, and from 45 to 47 in Grade VII, the calculation being based on the maximum average attendance in each grade ; but in order to cope with the special difficulties in organization, presented by unsuitable accommodation on the one hand and by rapidly increasing attendance on the other, the Department grants additional assistant teachers wherever it is clear these are urgently needed. Two years ago there were approximately five hundred classes containing over sixty pupils on the roll, and at the end of the year 1925 this number was reduced to about two hundred. There were at the same time about nine hundred classes with less than forty-one pupils on the roll. It may seem anomalous that there should be such a large number of small classes and at the same time r. proportion of excessively large classes ; but it has to be remembered that in many instances small classes are placed in charge of probationary assistants who have not finished

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their course of training, and in other cases the accommodation is such that it is impossible to avoid forming a certain number of very small classes. Many of the older school buildings were not very intelligently planned, and contain not only some rooms of huge size, but also some very tiny rooms, intended evidently to house drafts of pupils taken by a pupil-teacher from the larger classes. Until schools of this kind are remodelled it will be impossible to arrange classes of a more even size. As far as I am able to judge, little more can be done to increase the teaching staff until more adequate and more suitable accommodation is provided. The reduction of all classes to not more than forty pupils is, however, the Department's aim, and as a very large sum of money is being spent annually on remodelling unsuitable school buildings the number of classes of reasonable size is being gradually increased. In my report of last year I drew attention to the lack of originality in the primary schools. During the year very little information reached me showing that much original work was being attempted by the teachers. lam told by some that our rigid syllabus, our rigid methods of inspection, and our rigid system of grading are responsible for this shortcoming, but I am inclined to think that these excuses are very considerably exaggerated, and do not explain the lack of originality. lam assured by the inspectorial staff that originality is encouraged in capable teachers, but that too frequently those of less capacity are inclined to flit from method to method and to concentrate their efforts in no one definite direction. Whatever may be the explanation the fact remains that little is heard of any original work beyond some attention in intelligence tests. Attention to the rights and needs of the individual child has brought us to realize the necessity for differentiation in primary education, as well as in secondary and technical education. There are and always have been in our schools some pupils whose native intelligence is not sufficiently great to enable them to benefit by education along ordinary lines. Their powers lie in the direction of manual occupations rather than in the mastery of the three Es. It is futile to attempt to prepare such pupils for avenues of employment that can be reached only through the medium of the Standard VI Proficiency Examination, yet they are quite capable of becoming useful members of society. A beginning has been made to establish special classes for such children, and it is most gratifying to note the skill they soon acquire in the use of their hands. It is remarkable, too, how the acquisition of such skill reacts on their power to advance in literary subjects. Such pupils are certainly enabled to advance to the limit of their capacity in such subjects when they are in a happy environment and doing work in which they can excel and which, therefore, yields them the maximum degree of satisfaction. I hope that it will be possible to extend such classes, and to establish them in the near future in all the main centres. As our public-school classes are reduced in size teachers will be enabled to give individual attention to those pupils of normal intelligence who have been retarded by some misfortune during their school career. Such pupils require only an opportunity to make up the leeway they have lost. If the country could afford it, this could be done most effectively in what are sometimes called opportunity classes, but it appears to me that our first care should be the education of those children who are of somewhat subnormal intelligence, and these can be educated satisfactorily only in classes specially organized for the purpose. For many reasons, too, a revision of the syllabus appears desirable. It could be enriched not only in the direction of utilizing more freely training in handwork, but also by giving a stronger bias towards the study of English literature and towards the more practical side of elementary mathematics. Facility in English composition, both oral and written, has greatly increased in recent years, and teachers now secure as well-written composition in Standard II as was in former years thought possible only in Standard IV. There was a time when the syllabus specified six sentences in composition for a Standard 111 lesson. Our pupils in the higher infants' classes far exceed this allowance. At the same time there is no doubt that too much attention is being paid to the mechanical aspects of the teaching of English. Grammar has, in my opinion, far more than its rightful share of attention, and much time is still being wasted on the spelling of difficult words, words that are not in the last likely to enter the child's vocabulary for several years. More attention should be paid to good English literature in order that pupils before they leave the primary schools may be imbued with an appreciation of and a love for some of the finer work of our best authors. Time for this broader study of English can also be secured by reducing the amount of time usually allotted to arithmetic. This subject has been overdone in the past, and is still being overdone. It is, indeed, not too much to say that with many teachers it is the principal subject in the curriculum. We have already jettisoned a great deal of useless work in arithmetic, and I think there is still some lumber to be got rid of. The arithmetic, taught in the primary schools is not a disciplinary subject, nor does it enable a child to develop a faculty for overcoming the financial difficulties he may meet with in after-life. Its content should, however, be closely related to life needs. Eeal life situations provide abundant material for even the most ardent arithmetician, and I think that in this direction the scope of the subject should be widened to include those simple practical problems in geometry that most men and women meet with in some shape or form. If the primary syllabus were modified along these lines —that is, in the direction of utilizing more fully the handwork and manual-training subjects in the direction of making the arithmetic more practical and more suited to everyday needs, and in the direction of widening the study of English —I think the primary schools would themselves advance a long way towards gaining some of the advantages which the junior high school is intended to provide. The training of teachers is being very effectively carried on at the four training colleges. Some very fine work is being done by the students, many of whom attempt at the same time their University studies. This task proves in many instances a very heavy burden, and it would be much to the advantage of the young student if he could complete his University course before undertaking the specialized training at a teachers' training college. Towards the end of the year the Department

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formulated a plan by which the number of students entering each training college would be controlled in order that there might be a direct relation between the number of students in the colleges and the staff requirements in the primary schools. The number of probationers appointed in each education district was also controlled in the same manner. There appears, therefore, no likelihood of the supply of teachers being in excess of the demand in future years. Briefly, the plan of training is one year probationary course in the schools, two years' training at college, and one year post-college probationary course in the schools. At the end of the fourth-year period the student, if he has qualified academically, can become certificated. The training of teachers is carried further by means of refresher courses of instruction, which are organized by Education Boards. During the epidemic period of 1925 refresher courses were held in every district in New Zealand, and were of immense benefit to the teachers. It is intended to continue instruction classes of this kind as far as is practicable, as they undoubtedly form an invaluable aid to teachers who have taught long enough to know what their special teaching difficulties are. It is hoped by means of these classes to modernize the treatment of handwork, and to enable teachers to become acquainted with the best methods of teaching such special subjects as singing, drawing, and science. Already specialization in these subjects is being encouraged : there is a staff of experts in agricultural science in every district, and the appointment of a Supervisor of School Music will, no doubt, soon encourage specialization in this direction also. In drawing we have, so far, no specialized teachers outside the four training colleges, but it is hoped that in this direction also it will soon be possible to organize a staff of special Instructors. The teaching of musical appreciation received an impetus last year by the payment of liberal subsidies, enabling schools to purchase gramophones and records. No records that have not been approved by the Senior Inspector are permitted to be used in the schools, and although as yet little definite teaching has been introduced in connection with the gramophone a beginning has been made to familiarize the pupils with the music of famous composers. The importance of physical instruction is recognized by all teachers, and neglect of this important workis now very rarely reported. In numbers of schools very careful measurements are taken, and the improvement shown by the pupils, not only in their general physique, but in their height, weight, and carriage, has been most marked. Teachers have also become impressed with the value of such instruction so far as the pupil's advancement in his ordinary studies is concerned ; mens sana in corpore sano is now much more than a catchword among teachers. The Department's Correspondence School had, during the year, a roll of approximately five hundred pupils, but the staff was quite inadequate to deal satisfactorily with such a large number. Courses of instruction are still incomplete, and it is found very difficult for the teacher in charge of so many pupils to maintain personal contact and establish friendly relations with each. Unless this is done the teachers cannot secure the maximum degree of efficiency in their work. At the same time there is not the slightest doubt the school is proving a boon to many settlers in remote parts of the Dominion. I feel sure that when the results of the work done by the Correspondence School staff are more fully felt the amount of retardation in the ordinary schools due to pupils beginning their school life at a somewhat late period will largely disappear. From time to time reports come to hand showing that pupils transferring from the Correspondence School roll to the ordinary schools take quite a satisfactory position. As is customary, each Senior Inspector in his annual report deals fully \yith the state of education in the primary schools in his district, and comments on the efficiency of the instruction in the various subjects of the school curriculum. I have, &c., T. B. Strong, The Director of Education. Chief Inspector of Primary Schools.

B—B. 2.

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APPENDIX B. REPORTS (ABRIDGED) AND STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNTS OF EDUCATION BOARDS. 1. REPORTS. AUCKLAND. Sir, — In accordance with the requirements of the Education Act, the Education Board of the District of Auckland has the honour to submit the following report for the year 1925 : — Board.—During the year ho changes took place in the personnel of the Board, the members being : Auckland Urban Area —Mrs. N. E. Forner, Mr. G. Brownlee, Mr. W. J. Campbell, Mr. H. S. W. King, Mr. J. P. McPhail, and Mr. T. U. Wells ; Hamilton Urban Area —Mr. S. B. Sims and Mr. F. A. Snell ; North Ward of the Rural Area —Mr. J. D. McKenzie and Mr. R. Hoe ; East Ward of the Rural Area — Mr. E. C. Banks and Mr. A. Burns ; West Ward of the Rural Area- —Mr. J. Boddie and Mr. J. Patterson. The Board meets on the first and third Wednesdays in each month. Twenty-three meetings of the Board were held during the year, with an average attendance of twelve. Schools. —During the year the following schools wore opened : Lower Waimai, Kaiawa No. 2, Te Tii, Arapuni, Hoe-o-tainui, Mangawara, Waitawheta, Okupata Road, Beachlands, Waiotapu, Campbell's Bay, Kairara, Fern Flat, Dove's Bay, Iwiroa, Mataraua. The following schools were closed : Tapairu, Te Wairoa, Waitomo, Valley Road, Rotongaro, Okaihau No. 2, Te Rauamoa No. 2. The number of schools open at the end of the year 1925 was 749, an increase of 107 during the last ten years. Buildings.—During the year twenty new schools were built and thirty-five schools were enlarged. In order to meet cases of emergency five temporary buildings were also erected ; five schools were remodelled ; seven teachers' residences were provided during the year, and five were enlarged. The Board has again to acknowledge that the grants made by the Department during the year enabled the. Board to adopt a vigorous policy with reference to the provision of school accommodation in the Auckland Education District. The Board cannot yet, however, consider that the accommodation requirements have been even approximately overtaken. In several schools the accommodation is congested and inadequate. A large number of halls and other private buildings are still being used to provide school accommodation. The provision of teachers' residences is still a serious necessity in this district, especially in rural areas. The Board finds considerable difficulty in properly staffing the rural schools from lack of living-accommodation for teachers. Maintenance Fund. —During the year, notwithstanding a monthly review of the position, the Maintenance Fund has not been adequate to meet the Board's requirements. Training College. —By the courtesy of the Auckland City Council the Board was allowed till the end of the year the use of the annexe for the purpose of providing additional accommodation for the training of the teachers. At the end of the year, however, owing to the progress in the erection of the Training College on the Eden-Epsom site, the annexe was handed over to the City Council. The Board must express its whole-hearted gratitude to that body for permitting the use of the annexe for so lotig a period, and so overcoming a serious difficulty with which the Board was confronted. During the year the erection of the north-east wing of the Training College was authorized, and arrangements were made so that it might be completed in time for the use of the students early in the year 1926. Training College Hostel.—The Training College Hostel continues to prove a boon to many of the women students of the Auckland Training College, and is now fully occupied. The hostel is selfsupporting, and plays an important part in the corporate life of the women students of the Training College. District High Schools. —Reports of Inspectors indicate that the improvement noted in my last reportin the efficiency of the tuition in the secondary departments of district high schools continues. The results of the annual examinations support this view. Indeed, the results from most secondary departments are now highly gratifying. The value of such institutions in rural districts cannot be overestimated, and every year sees an increasing number of young people taking an advantage of them. The Board again wishes to place on record its appreciation of the good work done by the Senior Inspector and his colleagues in connection with post-primary education. It is largely due to their efforts that the improvement to which attention has been drawn herein has been of so marked a nature. .Junior High Schools. —The junior high school established in 1922 at Kowhai Road had a roll number at the end of the year of 819, and an average attendance of 790. During the year junior high schools were established at Matamata and Northcote, the former with a roll number of 166 and the latter 218. Both schools are superimposed upon the primary department, and form a useful experiment in this

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direction. In the case of Matamata the junior high school has worked in conjunction with a district-high-school department. Educational authorities who have visited junior high schools in this district are satisfied that in the case of the one that has been in existence now some years the experiment has been a success, and that it will prove a success in the cases of the others just established. Subsidies.—The Committees of the Auckland Education District still continue to show keen interest in the schools under their charge. During the year several thousand pounds were contributed by residents for the improvement of the school-grounds and surroundings, and for the establishment of libraries and other school requirements. It is evident that parents in general are becoming more fully alive to the importance of education in the future life of the child. School Fund Allowance.—During the year your Department continued the payment of a special grant in aid of the School Fund allowance to Committees. This has proved a great benefit to School Committees, who without the extra grant would have been unable to cope with the many difficulties they have to contend with. Religious Instruction in Schools. —During the year the Committees of a few schools applied for and were granted authority to establish the Nelson system of Bible-reading in schools in their districts. Staging Conditions. —A steady improvement has taken place year by year in the staffing of schools, and the regulations drawn up towards the end of last year will at last make provisions for adequate staffing. The substitution of probationary assistants in lieu of pupil-teachers will greatly overcome the staffing difficulty. Certificated teachers are gradually replacing uncertificated teachers, and the number of the latter now in the Board's employ has considerably decreased. The teaching profession still continues to prove attractive to young people who have had a secondary-education. The number of applicants for positions as probationers increases every year, and their academic qualifications become greater. Junior teachers give evidence of interest in their academic studies, so that the number who fail to qualify for entrance to the Training College is now comparatively small. The number of teachers employed at the end of June, 1925, was as follows : — Males. Females. Total. 842 1,386 2,228 Pupil-teachers and probationers — Second grade .. .. .. 36 52 88 First grade .. .. .. 56 152 208 Total .. .... .. 2,524 Appointment of Teachers. —During the year the Board expressed to your Department its view that all schools of Grade 3b and upwards should have a male head teacher, and ascertained from other Boards that in several cases their views were similar. The Board considers that on account of the number of older boys in such schools it is desirable that they should be in charge of a man. The Board desires that your Department will initiate legislation to make this possible. Medical and Dental Inspection of Schools. —The Medical and Dental Officers of the Health Department continue to do much good work in the primary schools in this district. Their number should, however, in the opinion of the Board, be materially increased so that they may adequately cope with the needs of a district containing more than sixty-seven thousand children. During the year several dental clinics were established in this district, and these are receiving the hearty support and co-operation of the parents whose children attend them. Unauthorized Expenditure. —The Board has directed me to express to you its thanks for your action in increasing the maximum of unauthorized expenditure to £100. The Board's experience was that the former authorization was totally inadequate. Honoraria to Chairmen.—The Board desires me to express to you its thanks for promoting legislation whereby Education Boards are enabled to grant honoraria to Chairmen. The Board felt that the position was anomalous and invidious. School-sites. —The Board desires me to express its thanks for your action in approaching the Lands Department and bringing about the decision of that Department to consult Education Boards before approving plans of large subdivisions of land. As a result of this action it is hoped that many schoolsites will in the future be reserved to the Board from subdivisions. Organizing Teachers.—The organizing teachers in this district continue to do good work. Their number was supplemented by one this year. With his inclusion it is considered that the staff of organizing teachers is now sufficiently strong to visit all rural schools that are not in a satisfactory state of efficiency. The organizing teachers have during recent years greatly improved the standard and tone of the teaching of rural schools. Adopted Schools. —During the year, with the approval of the Board, the Senior Inspector inaugurated a scheme of adopted schools which cannot but prove of great benefit to teachers in outlying districts. The underlying principle is that a highly efficient school shall adopt one or more small schools, and by correspondence and interviews direct to some extent the work of the latter. The Board considers that the Senior Inspector's plan is full of promise. School Libraries. —During the year school libraries were further extended and improved. The Senior Inspector has prepared a list of books suitable for school libraries, and this has been printed and circulated to the different schools in the district. The list acts as a guide to teachers in selecting books. Already the teachers have found the benefit of the list. Use of SchoUs as Polling-booths.—During the year the Board emphatically protested against the use of schools as polling-booths in districts where halls or other suitable premises were available. Wherever possible, Returning Officers met the Board in a spirit of compromise, so that schools were not so extensively used as formerly.

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Infantile Paralysis.—'Until the middle of April the schools were closed owing to an epidemic of infantile paralysis. During that time a refresher course for teachers was held and was much appreciated. During the latter part of the period the children were taught by correspondence :in the case of many of the rural schools by visits to the home of the teacher. In this way the ill effects of a long period of closure were to some extent neutralized. Mr. W. E. Spencer. —The Board desires me to express to you its high appreciation of the services of Mr. W. E. Spencer, who for many years was Officer in charge of Sites and Buildings Branch of the Education Department. The relations existing between Mr. Spencer and the Board and its officers were most cordial. The Board found Mr. Spencer just and reasonable. Conclusion. —In conclusion the Board cannot but express satisfaction with the cordial relations existing between the Board, the School Committees, the teachers, and the Education Department. The School Committees have shown great interest in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the schools under their jurisdiction. The teachers have done the utmost for the pupils under their care ; and the Department has met the requirements of this education district so far as was possible with limited financial resources. I have, &c., A. W. Burns, The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington. Chairman of Board.

TARANAKL SIK, — In accordance with the requirements of the Education Act, 1914, I have the honour, on behalf of the Taranaki Education Board, to present the following report of our proceedings for the year 1925 : — Board Members. —The personnel of the Board during the year was as follows : Central Ward—Rev. J. L. A. Kayll and Mr. F. H. Sims; North Ward —Messrs. H. Dempsey and P. J. H. White ; South Ward—Messrs. H. J. Eaves and A. Lees; Urban District of New Plymouth—Messrs. R. J. Deare and S. G. Smith. Twelve ordinary, special, and extraordinary meetings were held during the year, and individual members have again given much valuable time to meetings and sub-committees, and in visiting various localities for purposes of administration. The following schools were opened during the year : Mackford Household (0), Croydon (I), and Westown (IVb). Marangae (0), Pehu (0) and Frankley Side schools were closed. The Ahititi and Tongaporutu Schools were combined as half-time schools, and District High Schools were established at Opunake and Manaia. Buildings.—The past year has again been very active in general building operations. The following new works were completed : New schools in concrete at Eltham and Westown. The building at Eltham consists of a range of five class-rooms, including a dental clinic and teachers' rooms, and was erected on a very fine new site to form a nucleus of a complete new school for Eltham. The school at Westown, consisting of four rooms, is now overtaxed, although only opened barely twelve months, and a grant for an additional room is now authorized. New schools of a movable type were erected at Mangakara, Croydon Road, and Everett Road, and also two movable teachers' baches at Hillsborough and Turoto Road; a new school in wood (replacement) was completed on a new site at Pembroke ; additional class-rooms in concrete were also completed at Waitara and Fitzroy ; additions and remodelling for the Fraser Road School and remodelling at the Albert School. New residences were erected at Awakino and Norfolk Road. In addition to the above, twenty-seven schools and thirteen residences were painted and renovated throughout. The movable type of building erected to meet temporary needs is proving very satisfactory. The Board has also had a very complete workshop, and practically tl\£ whole of its building, furniture, and joinery work is carried out by its o"wn staff. The Cuthbert Shield, awarded to schools of Grade 3 and upward for arrangement and care of school-grounds, instructional, indoor, and experimental work, was won by the Ohangai School which gained the highest aggregate marks. The Tisch Shield, presented in 1909 by Mr. Tisch for the same purpose for which the Cuthbert Shield was presented, now limited to schools below Grade 3, was won by Ararata School. Handwork. —The supplies were ample and of good quality and came to hand in good time for distribution during the early months of the year. This subject is now universally recognized as an important adjunct to education, and teachers and instructors make good use of the supplies sent to them. Agriculture. —During the year, in addition to ordinary practical garden-work, schools have been equipped with charts, gauges, and barometers for observations upon the weather. Many of the teachers manifest a very keen interest in the aims and objects of rural education, and much of the work done is very creditable. In addition to the work in general agriculture and nature-study, several of the schools include dairy science in the course of instruction. Interest in afforestation work has been stimulated in all schools in the district, and members have noted with pleasure many instances where valuable results are being obtained. Medical Inspection.—The School Medical Officer paid several visits to the district during the year.

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Dental Treatment of Children. —The dental clinic at Courtenay Street School has quite justified its establishment. Parents and teachers alike comment favourably upon the noticeable improvement upon the health of the children now receiving regular dental treatment; and my Board looks forward to the time when clinics are established not only in the large town centres, but also in rural districts. In New Plymouth nearly two thousand children are benefiting by the treatment. They are re-examined at least once every six months, and such attention as is necessary is given atjother times free of cost. Conveyance of School-children. —I have again to express satisfaction with the policy of conveyance to central schools. The reports upon the attendance of pupils from Ngariki Road and Glenn Road who are conveyed to Rahotu and Manaia Schools are very favourable. In a scattered district like this a very large number of children ride long distances daily to school, and these are among some of the most regular attenders. The total amount paid to parents and contractors for riding and conveyance allowance on account of children attending primary schools and manual classes is now £1,616 15s. 2d. School Committees. —It is pleasing to again report the harmonious relations existing between School Committees and my Board. By their active co-operation many improvements have been effected, including heating, sanitation, and the environment of the school generally. Large sums have been raised by local effort for the improvement of the grounds, boundaries, and buildings ; and much valuable assistance has been rendered in the administration of education throughout the district. General.—ln conclusion I wish, on behalf of my Board, to express our appreciation of the sympathetic consideration given by the Department to our representations, and to cordially wish you success in your new sphere of activities. To the Inspectorate we extend our hearty thanks for their ungrudging assistance and co-operation. I have, &c., S. G- Smith, Chairman. The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington.

WANGANUI. Sir, — I have the honour to submit the following report on the proceedings of the Board for the year ending 31st December, 1925 : — Board.—During the year Mr. J. J. Pilkington and Dr. D. M. Mitchell (North Ward) and Mr. E. V. Laws (Wanganui Urban Area) resigned from the Board. The personnel of the Board at the end of the year was as follows : Messrs. W. A. Collins (Chairman) and E. F. Hemingway (West Ward), Messrs. A. Fraser and H. Mclntyre (South Ward), Messrs. A. J. Joblin and W. Adams (North Ward), Messrs. W. R. Birnie and W. F. Durward (Palmerston North Urban Area), and Messrs. J. Aitken and W. W. Hedges (Wanganui Urban Area). Schools and Attendance. —New schools were opened at Harataha, Kopane, Waimarino, and Putahi; the Waipuru School was reopened. The schools at Kaukatea and Mangoihe, and the side school at Winiata, were closed during the year. Efficiency of the Schools.—lt is pleasing to note that of 164 reports scrutinized the Inspectors estimate that the general efficiency of the schools of Grade 1 and upwards was good to excellent in 48 schools, very fair in 111, while only 5 were as low as fair, and, further, that in general very fair work was done in the Grade 0 schools, some of the work of their Standard VI pupils being very pleasing. Organizing Teachers.—A staff of two organizing teachers was maintained during the year, excellent work being done by them. The number of uncertificated and inexperienced teachers has now been reduced to such an extent that during the current year one organizing teacher will be sufficient to cope with the work. Voluntary Contributions. —Voluntary contributions received during the year totalled £2,196 4s. Bd., a decrease of £425 17s. 4d. as compared with the year 1924. The main purposes of the contributions • were the improvement of buildings and grounds ; the purchase of new sites and additional land ; the installation of septic tanks ; the purchase of gramophones and records, pictures, and special equipment ; and the establishment and enlargement of school libraries. Health of Children. —Apart from the infantile-paralysis epidemic in the early part of the year the attendance was not seriously affected by sickness. Dr. Elizabeth Gunn and her staff did excellent work, particularly at the Children's Health Camp, held at Turakina for a period of five weeks during November and December. One hundred and eighteen children were taken into camp, and the improvement in the general health of the majority was very marked. Four such camps have now been held in this district, and the Board is so satisfied as to their value that it intends to make every effort to continue holding them. The method of financing the camps is not altogether satisfactory. Apart from a grant of £50 from the Health Department, the Board has to depend on voluntary contributions to meet expenses. The cost of the last camp was £322, but this would have been much higher but for the assistance of Mr. and Mrs. B. P. Lethbridge, whose generosity in various ways saved the Board a considerable sum. Opportunity is here taken of conveying to Mr. and Mrs. Lethbridge the Board's sincere thanks for the generous spirit in which they have on the occasion of each camp assisted the Board, and for the kindly interest they have shown in the comfort and welfare of the children. To all those who contributed in cash or in kind the Board expresses its grateful thanks. The Board believes that the results of these health camps have proved their value, and that the time has arrived for the State to shoulder the financial responsibility involved.

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School Dental Clinics While the Board appreciates the work done by the Health Department in establishing a number of school dental clinics in this district, it would urge more rapid progress in this direction, as the need for such institutions, particularly in the country districts, is very great. Physical Instruction.—The work of physical instruction, if properly carried out, must have an important bearing on the health of the children. It is advisable, therefore, that the visits of Instructors to the schools should be as frequent as possible so as to ensure that instruction along proper lines is given by the teachers. The Board believes that good work is being done by the Department's Instructors attached to this district. Manual and Technical Instruction. —A report from the Director of Technical and Manual Instruction is attached hereto. Buildings and Sites. —New schools were erected at Kopane and Waimarino, and a new building for the accommodation of the pupils of the secondary department at the Marton District High School. A new site was acquired at St. John's Hill, Wanganui, and an additional area of land secured for the Manchester Street School, Feilding. General.—School Committees throughout the district did excellent work, in co-operation with the teachers, in improving the interior and exterior environment of the schools, and generally in promoting the welfare of the children, and the teachers themselves gave loyal and efficient service. The Inspectors, under Mr. F. G. A. Stuckey, gave the Board every possible assistance during the year, and the Secretary and the Architect, and their staffs, and the manual instructors, carried out their duties to the entire satisfaction of the .Board. To all of the above I tender the thanks of the Board. I wish, also, to convey to the Minister and officials of the Department appreciation of the manner in which attention was given to the Board's requirements during the year. I have, &c., W. A. Collins, Chairman. The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington.

HAWKE'S BAY. Sir, — In accordance with the provisions of the Education Act, 1914, the Education Board of the District of Hawke's Bay has the honour to submit the following report of its proceedings for the year 1925 :— The Board. —The personnel'of the Board remained unchanged, and at the end of the year was as follows : Napier Urban Area Messrs. J. Clark Thomson and R. C. Wright; Gisborne Urban AreaMessrs. G. Crawshaw and J. S. Wauchop ; Hastings Urban Area —Messrs. G. F. Roach and G. A. Maddison ; North Ward Rural Area— Messrs. W. Oates and J. R. Kirk ; Middle Ward Rural Area— Messrs. G. McKay and A. King ; South Ward Rural Area —Messrs. R. P. Soundy and W. Cuthbertson. Mr. G. F. Roach was the Chairman of the Board. Finance. —The Maintenance Account, which for several years past has been in an unsatisfactory state, has through careful administration been placed in an improved position. Notwithstanding the restriction which had to be placed on expenditure from this account, all schools have been kept in a satisfactory state of repair. During the year a grant of £1,000 was approved by the Government for the replacement of long desks with dual desks. The sum of £811 4s. 7d. was also expended out of the Rebuilding Fund. Schools opened.—Excluding household schools, new schools were opened during the year at Makarika, Mangaorapa, Napier South, and Putere. The school at Kereru was reopened after a temporary closure. Junior National Scholarships. — The number of Junior National Scholarships gained at the examination held at the end of 1925 was 21, compared with 19 in 1924 and 23 in 1923. Teachers. —The question of the employment of uncertificated teachers has been given considerable attention by the Board during the year. Except in the household schools, where certificated teachers are not employed, no uncertificated teacher has been retained in his position unless he has been reported on as efficient by the Senior Inspector, and unless he has completed the majority of the subjects for the D certificate. Further, all positions have been advertised, and the positions in which uncertificated teachers are employed are those in remoter districts for which certificated teachers have not applied. Over the past few years the decrease in the number employed has been substantial : 1922, 78 ; 1923, 54 ; 1924, 49 ; 1925, 26—numbers in household schools and relieving teachers being excluded. The Hastings Technical High School, at present under the Board's administration, was staffed as follows at the end of the year : Director, 1 male ; assistants, 5 males, 5 females : total, 6 males, 5 females. A student teacher is attached to the staff of this school. Instructors employed in teaching special subjects : Agriculture and dairy science, 2 males; woodwork, 3 males ; domestic science, 3 females : total, 5 males, 3 females. Instruction of manual-training classes at Woodville is given by teachers on the staff of the Palmerston North Technical School. Organizing Teachers. —The Inspectors report most favourably on the efficient state of the smaller country schools, and in a great measure this happy result is due to the efforts of the organizing teachers, who have carried out their duties whole-heartedly and to the complete satisfaction of the Board and

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Inspectors. During the year two organizing teachers were employed, one in the northern and one in the southern portion of the district. The number of uncertificated teachers is, however, decreasing to such an extent that possibly by 1927 one organizing teacher will be sufficient. Training of Teachers. —No Saturday classes for the training of pupil-teachers and probationers in elementary science, drawing, and handwork were conducted in 1925, owing to the cost of transit and the difficulty of securing qualified instructors. The classes have been reinstituted in 1926. The Board places on record its appreciation of the action of the Department in the steps it has taken to ensure a fairer enrolment of students in the four training colleges. Undoubtedly, the North Island districts have suffered in the past. The number of qualified applicants seeking admission has always been greater in the North Island than in the South Island, yet the same number of studentships have been available in each Island. The scheme now adopted ensures that applicants in each education district will have equal opportunities for admission. One immediate result has been that practically the whole of the Hawke's Bay students who qualified in 1925 have been admitted to South Island colleges in 1926. In this connection also the Department has acted most fairly, two return fares being granted the students each year to ensure that their expenses will not be greater than if they had been admitted to North Island colleges. District High Schools. —At the end of the year there were five district high schools in operation. As in previous years, the first- and second-year pupils of the secondary departments of district high schools took the rural course. The aim of the course is to provide a good general education in secondary subjects, and also to prepare pupils for the Public Service Entrance Examination. The science work has been continued for the third and fourth years, thus enabling pupils to take science for the Matriculation Examination, which they have done with considerable success. The average attendance of the secondary department for each district high school for the year was as follows : Te Karaka, 50; Waipawa, 64 ; Waipukurau, 43 ; Wairoa, 32 ; Woodville, 39 : total, 228. The establishment of the Te Karaka and Wairoa District High Schools was provisional. Both have, however, fully justified their establishment, and steps to erect permanent buildings are now being taken. Hastings Technical High School. —This school has made steady progress, not only in numbers but in efficiency, and fulfils a long-felt want in the district. The roll number at the end of 1925 was 204, compared with 220 in 1924. The development of the school has been hampered by the absence of permanent buildings, but the handsome new buildings of the most modern type, situated on a splendid site of 20 acres, were occupied from the beginning of 1926. Full particulars regarding the work of the school last year are contained in the report of the Director, which has already been forwarded to you. Gisborne Technical School. —Evening technical and continuation classes have been conducted by the Board during the past year at Gisborne, Twelve classes were held, the roll number being 102. Physical Instruction. —An Instructor is permanently located in the district, and full attention Las been given to this important branch of the work. Special remedial classes have been conducted in many of the schools, with a most appreciable physical improvement to the children. Medical and Dental Inspection. —The work proceeded steadily throughout the year. The School Medical Officer reports that the interest and sympathetic co-operation of the teaching staffs in the work of medical inspection has Ijeen well maintained, and that there has been a general improvement in the standard of cleanliness amongst the children, and also in their dietary and general well-being, which has resulted in a marked general improvement in the standard of health of the children in this district. School Committees have co-operated admirably with the teaching staff, and any suggestions made by the Medical Officer have been readily carried out. Almost without exception, a high standard of school hygiene exists in the schools throughout the district. The School Medical Officer (Dr. Clark) is an enthusiast, and he has done excellent work in the interests of the health of the children. Dental clinics are now established at Napier, Hastings, Dannevirke, Waipukurau, and Gisborne, and are proving of great value to the community. Their value has been fully recognized by the parents in other parts of the district, and insistent demands are made for the establishment of additional clinics. The Board regards the expansion of dental treatment as one requiring urgent attention, and trusts that a larger number of dental nurses will be trained in order that a greater number of children can receive the benefit of this treatment. Special Classes.—An opportunity class has been conducted in Napier, and has proved a great benefit to those less fortunate children who are capable of benefiting by instruction in the ordinary school classes. A teacher has also been employed throughout the year at the Napier Public Hospital. Many children while in hospital are quite capable of proceeding with their studies. To them the class has been a boon. Not only has it obviated a break in their education, but it has been a most profitable method of relieving the tedium of their stay in the hospital. Buildings. —A fairly extensive building programme was carried out during the year. New schools were erected at Crownthorpe, Morere, and Napier South. Additions to schools were carried out at Mangaorapa, Raukawa, Te Karaka, Turiroa, and Whakaangiangi. An existing building was purchased and renovated for school purposes at Patoka. Extensive remodelling, with the provision of additional accommodation, was carried out at Mahora, Patutahi, Petane, and Waerengaahika. Partial remodelling was done at Gisborne School, and a small addition made to the Opoutama School residence. School Committees. —The Board greatly appreciates the valuable co-operation of the School Committees, who have practically without exception taken the greatest interest in their school and in the well-being of the children. A general improvement in the school-grounds is noticeable

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throughout the whole district, this being almost entirely due to the School Committees, who, with the assistance of the teaching staff, have raised large sums of money voluntarily in order to obtain the Government subsidy for the purpose of carrying out comprehensive and effective beautifying schemes. In addition, much has been done by Committees in raising funds for the establishment of or additions to school libraries, for the purchase of pictures to adorn the walls, for the supply of gramophones, and for the provision of hot cocoa or hot lunches for the children. A number of School Committees find it difficult to carry on with the amount allowed them for incidental expenses, and were it not for moneys raised locally many of them could not have met their ordinary liabilities. The special additional grant made by the Department has enabled the Board to give some relief in the most necessary cases. Department. —The most cordial relations have existed between the Board and the Senior Inspector and his colleagues. We desire to record our appreciation of the zeal and enthusiasm of the Inspectors and of the valuable work they have performed during the year. The Board is especially indebted to them for their co-operation and advice in all matters concerning the advancement of education in this district. Mr. M. McLeod, 8.A., who was appointed to this district as Senior Inspector in 1924, was transferred during the year to be Senior Inspector in the Canterbury District. Dr. J. W. Mcllraith, Litt.D., LL.B., was appointed to succeed him, and he has already proved that he will worthily carry out the duties of his important position. In conclusion, I desire to extend to you and the officers of your Department the thanks of the Board for the attention given to the many requests it has submitted during the year. I have, &c., The Hon. the Minister of Education, .Wellington. G. F. Roach, Chairman.

WELLINGTON. Sir,— In accordance with, the requirements of the Education Act, 1914, I have the honour to submit the following report of the Education Board of the District of Wellington for the year 1925 : — Board.—The membership at the end of the year was : —Urban Areas : (1) Wellington City—Messrs. Thomas Forsyth (Chairman), R. A. Wright, M.P., J. Clark, and W. E. Howe (in place of Mr. A. J. White, resigned) ; (2) Hutt and Petone —Messrs. G. T. London and J. Stonehouse. Rural Areas : (1) Mutt Horowhenua Ward —Messrs. C. I. Harkness and L. H. Atkins ; (2) Wairarapa Ward —Messrs. T. Moss and R. McLeod ; (3) Marlborough Ward —Messrs. E. H. Penny and D. McCallum. Training College.—The work of the year is discussed at length in the report of the Principal appended. The report must be regarded as very satisfactory. When viewed in relation to the difficulties, chiefly of insufficient accommodation, under which the work of the institution has been conducted it is wonderfully good. Notwithstanding the fact that students of the districts it serves have been drafted into other colleges, there remain more than double the number for which the institution was designed. Further, towards amelioration of the unfavourable conditions to which in last year's report the most direct attention was drawn there is no visible progress, whether by adoption of the proposals of the Board, or, these being rejected, by advancing some more acceptable alternative. The recognition by the Board and by the College staff of financial difficulty has led to the very best possible being done in the hope that as soon as practicable adequate provision would be made. The Board now regards it as a public duty to point out that the Training College accommodation question is of extreme urgency, and in fairness to staff, students, and scholars should be no longer disregarded. jßeport of Inspectors. —It is very gratifying to observe that, notwithstanding the great handicap of a closed school until after mid-April, the good work of the Board's staff, both in the special allotment and correction of work prior to opening, and in the subsequent effort, resulted in an excellent year's work. Manual and Technical. —Handwork was undertaken in all schools. In twenty-three schools under control of male teachers classes in needlework were carried on by special instructresses. A new manual centre to serve the eastern schools of the city was erected at Coutts Street. The consolidation of the Mount Cook group will render necessary the erection, at an early date, of a centre for the middle area of the city. Improved provision for science, woodwork, and cookery is not yet supplied at Martinborough. It is doubtful if the withdrawal of the special encouragement accorded to swimming is justified. Medical and Dental Services. —These services confer untold benefit on the young, and are so much appreciated that there is frequent request for their extension. Libraries. —The city library and the central schools libraries of the Wairarapa, at Featherston, Carterton, and Masterton, continue to render a most valuable and an increasing service. For much faithful work in management the Board is indebted to the various staffs engaged. Building and Sites. —The chief rebuilding works of the year were the erection of a new main school at Mount Cook, of chaste and useful design in brick, and of a new school of three rooms at Kaiwarra. A school was erected at Kekerangu and a manual centre at Coutts Street to serve the eastern suburbs. Additions were provided at Seatoun, Paekakariki, Karori, Hataitai, Otaki, Springlands, Plimmertoh (portable), Lyall Bay (portable), each one room. Remodelling was undertaken at Paekakariki, Springlands, and Kahutara. The old Clyde Quay Infant-school, which had been damaged by fire,, was improved as to lighting in the reconstruction. The Scarborough residence, which had been destroyed by fire, was rebuilt. Kahutara residence was supplied by removal of the Tablelands residence, and Shannon residence was remodelled. Maintenance was carried forward steadily and effectively.

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There were overhauled four residences and twenty-four schools, of which seven were painted inside. Shelter-sheds were provided at four and septic tanks at three schools, with other minor work in quantity not here scheduled. Sites or extension of sites were acquired at Coutts Street, Newtown East, Ngaio, Porirua, Pukerua (partly donated by Mr. C. Gray), Trentham (partly donated by Mr. Cottle), Kahutara (gift of Mr. Bidwill), Kekerangu, Seatoun, and Springlands. The Board considers that where future population is assured, especially in urban and suburban areas, the policy of early purchase should be steadily pursued. Thus many sites should be acquired on the outskirts of Wellington and in the Hutt Valley. Junior High School. —No junior high school has yet been established, though the site has been procured at Coutts Street. In the absence of early provision here heavy capital expenditure will be necessary at the neighbouring primary schools. Conveyance. —Public opinion is steadily growing in favour of conveyance to central schools from the surrounding country, where suitable arrangements at a reasonable cost can be made, rather than to increase the number of small schools. General.—The Board has found it necessary to affirm the reasonableness of the opinion expressed by Committees that prior to the recent legislation the frequency of staff changes was in many instances prejudicial to the best interests of the school. Teachers while seeking reasonable promotion will recognize that, even here, the welfare of the child must be the prime determining consideration. The Board acknowledges with thanks its obligation to the great majority of its Committee members who year by year render valuable honorary service to their communities ; to its teaching staff for a year's work of such merit as to have earned the commendation of the Inspectors ; to the Minister and his officers, including the Inspectors, for much assistance in solving the educational problems of the district. I also desire on behalf of the Board to thank the Secretary and staff for the faithful service they have rendered during the year. I have, &c., Thos. Forsyth, Chairman. The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington.

NELSON. Sir, — I have the honour to present the following report relative to the activities of the Education Board of the District of Nelson for the year ended 31st December, 1925 : — Board. —The personnel of the Board at the end of the year was as follows : Nelson Urban Area — Messrs. F. W. 0. Smith and E. E. Boyes ; North Ward —Messrs. W. C. Baigent and S. B. Canavan ; East Ward —Messrs. H. J. Hill and E. J. Scantlebury ; West Ward —Hon. W. H. Mclntyre, M.L.C., and Mr. J. H. Harkness. Schools. —The schools at Anatimo and Atapo were closed, and those at Fern Flat, Matariki, and Whangamoa reopened. Scholarships.—There were sixteen Senior and twenty Junior Scholarships current at the end of the year. The Board would be glad to see the age of candidates for Junior Scholarships reduced to thirteen years. Under the present age-limit the primary-school pupil has to compete with the majority of those in the first year of their secondary course. Buildings.—The chief item in the Board's building programme was the commencement of the erection of a nine-roomed, two-story brick school at Auckland Point (Nelson). New schools were erected at Mid-Maruia (Grade 0), Upper Moutere (Grade IIIa), Riwaka (Grade IVa). The schools at Owen Junction (Grade II) and Waiuta (Grade IIIa) were removed and re-erected on new sites. That at Dall's Creek was removed to Onakaka. Additional rooms were erected at Hampden Street (Nelson), Tahunanui, Brightwater, and Murchison. Remodelling was carried out at Charleston and Murchison Schools and Tadmor residence. Two new sanitary blocks were built at Reef ton and sheltersheds at Westport. A science laboratory was completed at Motueka. Most of the repairs and new buildings were done by contract, but the Board continued to employ its own painting staff. Sites. —A new site was acquired at Auckland Point (Nelson) and will replace those at Haven Road and Shelbourne Street. Additions were made to the existing areas at Murchison and Richmond, and new sites secured at Onakaka and Owen Junction. Conveyance and Board Allowances. —These allowances continue to be very much appreciated by pupils situated in backblock areas, and in numerous cases make it possible for children to receive education who would, by reason of the cost to their parents, be otherwise barred. Conveyance allowance was paid on behalf of 156 children in attendance at twenty-eight schools, and boarding-allowance to fifty-eight children attending twenty-nine schools. The total expenditure was £1,162 14s. 9d. During the coming year the Board is negotiating in two or three instances with a view to having small schools closed and the children conveyed to adjoining schools. Voluntary Contributions and Subsidy. —School Committees continue to render excellent service in raising funds to enable improvements to be carried out. During the year sixty-one Committees claimed subsidies on cash contributions amounting to £865 9s. 7d. The Board paid £22 lis. 3d. from its General Fund by way of supplementary grants towards school libraries. Health.of Children. —To the School Medical Officer and his assistants the thanks of the Board are due for their efforts in the direction of improving the health of the children. The splendid work of the various dental officers throughout the district is worthy of the highest approbation. Dental clinics

4—E. 2.

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are now established at Murchison, Motueka, Nelson, and Westport, and the dental officers work the outlying districts from these centres. There are still certain portions of our district that do not receive the benefit of this great boon, and it is hoped that with the extra nurses that should be available soon the service will be extended. Physical Instruction. —I regret that once again we have to record failure to secure the appointment of a permanent instructor for this district. Two instructors come over from Wellington for short rushed visits, generally towards the end of each year. Our repeated applications bring the old reply, that the matter of a permanent appointment is under consideration. The district warrants such an appointment, and the Board trusts a full-time instructor will be allotted in the near future. Manual Instruction. —Manual-training classes were conducted at Denniston, Millerton, Westport, Reefton, Wakefield, Nelson, Motueka, and Takaka. Classes in agriculture were conducted at eighty-eight schools, and instruction given to 1,388 pupils Agriculture and dairy work were taught to 316 pupils in twelve schools. Instruction in handwork was given in every school. The material supplied by the Department arrived earlier than previously, and this enabled early distribution to schools. The Board is also pleased to record that the material was of a good quality, although in some lines the quantities allowed were too small. Special instructors in needlework were employed at twenty-nine schools in charge of male teachers. Technical Instruction.—-The majority of technical classes in the district are controlled by the Boards of Managers at Nelson and Westport, but the Board continues to conduct technical classes in cookery, dressmaking, and woodwork at Motueka and Takaka. General. —The Board desires to record its sincere appreciation of the courteous and sympathetic treatment it has received from the M nister and officers of the Department. To the teachers, Inspectors, Secretary, office staff, Architect, and manual instructors the sincere anks of the Board are due for the loyal manner in which all have carried out their duties. I have, &c., The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington. W. H. Mclntyre, Acting-Chairman.

CANTERBURY. Sir, —■ I have the honour to present the following report of the proceedings of the Board for the year ending 31st December, 1925 : — The Board. —During the year the respective wards were represented as follows : Christchurch Urban Area—Messrs. E. H. Andrews, W. Johnson, C. S. Thompson, and W. H. Winsor. Timaru Urban Area —Messrs. J. G. Gow and J. Maze. Middle Ward—Messrs. W. A. Banks and W. P. Spencer. South Ward—Messrs. G. W. Armitage and T. Hughes. North-west Ward—Messrs. H. J. Bignell and R. Wild. Schools. —During the year schools were opened and reopened at Charwell Forks, Gray's Corner, Gore Bay, Long Bay, Okarito, Taramakau, Wallis Siding ; while those at Arthur's Pass, Ashley Gorge, Carleton, Cooper's Creek, Jackson, La Fontaine, Lyttelton Heads, Okarito Forks, Oxford West, were closed, four on account of a consolidation scheme at Oxford. Secondary departments were added to the Methven and Sumner Schools during the year. Buildings and Sites. —New school buildings were erected at Clarkville, Dobson, Killinchy, Kumara, Little Akaloa, New Brighton South (portable), Otira, Richmond, Southbridge (portable), Spreydon West, and Woodend. Additions were made at Ashburton East, Cashmere, Fendalton, Linwood, Lyndhurst, Oxford, Shirley, and Wataroa, whilst remodelling was carried out at Belfast (infants'), Rangiora, Runanga, and Waimate. During the year the Te Roto School at the Chatham Islands was, unfortunately, destroyed by fire. A new residence was erected at Ohoka, and remodelling and additions were effected at Lowcliffe. The following works were also put in hand during the year : New schools at Christchurch West (second wing), Harihari, Papanui, Southbridge, and Training College (second wing). A commencement was also made with remodelling at Waimataitai and additions at Timaru West. The Board, through its Architect, has made special features in building modern schools of ventilation and sunlight —in the erection of what may be termed " fresh-air schools." It has expressed itself in favour of the open-air principle, and the experiment of a complete school at Fendalton on the bungalow type will shortly be completed. During the year a sub-committee was set up to select sites for new schools in certain suburban districts in Christchurch. Finance. —The total expenditure on all services was £471,938 14s. 3d., an increase over the previous year of £13,666 9s. 6d., most of which was for improvement of teachers' salaries. There are only two accounts in respect of which the Board can be said to have any control —i.e., the Buildings Maintenance Fund and the Administration Fund ; all the others are severely governed by regulations, and the Board's power consists purely of claiming money that may have been expended or contracted for. While the grant for maintenance of buildings is fixed, the Board is permitted to spend this as it thinks fit. The Board would respectfully but emphatically point out that the maintenance grant is, even with the exercise of the strictest economy, from present-day experience, proving inadequate, for the following reasons : (1.) Most of the older schools, built forty or fifty years ago, have outlived their usefulness and require replacement. They can be maintained and remodelled into a comparative state of efficiency only at considerable expense. (2.) The high prices ruling for labour and material are embarrassing the Board —e.g., the cost of painting has doubled or trebled. At best the Board, with its present grant, is unable to do more than repair the worst of its schools.

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Conveyance and Boarding.—The number of children who were receiving the conveyance grant was 1,700, while 120 received boarding-allowance. The total expenditure on these services was £6,803 4s. 6d., of which sum the Board contributed £277 6s. 6d. from its General Fund. Motor-buses for the conveyance of pupils are in operation at Clandeboye, Geraldine, Harihari, Hokitika, Lyndhurst, Mackenzie, Methven, Orari, Oxford, Southbridge, and Waimate. Manual and Technical Instruction.—Elementary handwork has again formed a feature in the curriculum of the work of the lower standards as a help to the better understanding of other subjects of the syllabus. There was little variation in the course of instruction except that greater use was made of the kindergarten and Montessori methods. The handwork material supplied by the Department was of good quality, and there was sufficient to meet all requirements. Enough kindergarten material was received from the Department to provide all schools in Grades 5, 6, and 7 with a supply. This has been found a great boon, as hitherto the kindergarten work in this district has been much hampered for lack of adequate material and proper apparatus. Agriculture.—Weather conditions combined with the short year proved factors which greatly militated against the success of the work, in consequence of which the practical results have generally been disappointing both to instructors and pupils. Forest-tree culture received considerable prominence during the year, and with the assistance of the Forestry Department much valuable work has been inaugurated. During the year the Board took in hand a scheme under which it is hoped that waste lands convenient to schools will be planted out with a certain number of trees each year. Two hundred and sixty-one schools were recognized as taking agriculture, and the rural course was carried on at eleven district high schools with an attendance of 404 pupils. Technical and Continuation Classes.—Outside the large centres very little interest was taken in the conducting of technical and continuation classes. The greatest amount of activity was displayed in the Ellesmere district. Physical Instruction.—The instruction has been carried out, as heretofore, by the three departmental instructors (Mr. G. Webb, Mr. T. L. Barnes, and Miss I. Greenwood). The curtailed school year allowed of only one visit being made to the schools, but the teachers themselves have been carrying on the instruction satisfactorily. When lessons are taken briskly the benefit is most marked, and the Medical Officers report a very pleasing decrease of spinal curvatures, stooping shoulders, flat chests, &c. A teachers' refresher course under the direct supervision of the special instructors would be much appreciated, and it is hoped that this may be arranged at some suitable time during the ensuing year. Medical Inspection. —The two School Medical Officers continue their excellent work in the regular inspection of school-children and in health education. In addition to their routine duties, especially valuable work has been done by Dr. Eleanor Baker-McLaglan on the causation and control of goitre, and by Dr. Phillips in rousing public interest in the vital question of ventilation, fresh air, &e. Both render valuable services to the Board by their examination of entrants to the teaching profession. The Medical Officers are ably assisted by their excellent staff of school nurses. Inspectorate. —During the year Mr. William Brock retired after forty-nine years' service as teacher, Inspector, and Senior Inspector, in Canterbury. Mr. Brock's intimate knowledge of the district and hi} wide experience in the various branches of the service made him an officer whose opinions were of extreme value to the Board in the administration of its affairs. The retiring officer left with the best wishes of the Board members and his fellow-officers. Mr. Murdoch McLeod was appointed by the Department as Senior Inspector for Canterbury. General Remarks. —As regards its administrative policy in the future, the Board considers that, the following problems insistently demand solution : — (1.) Sole-charge schools : In the main these schools, comprising over 60 per cent, of the whole, are officered by ex-students, whose professional training of two years has no doubt been the best possible. In view, however, of their comparative lack of experience in their difficult task as teachers in sole charge, in the interests of efficiency, these teachers in their earlier years of service need more assistance and supervision—help in their special difficulties and guidance in the preparation of practical schemes of work and in the promotion of their pupils —than can be given them under existing conditions. (2.) Secondary education : The provision is urgently needed of a suitable type of secondary education for the large number of pupils who qualify for free secondary education by passing the Proficiency Examination, either by the institution of junior high schools or by some other carefully considered system. (3.) Appointment of teachers : Despite the loyal service of the staff of Inspectors and the valuable and sympathetic assistance of the Senior Inspector, the experience of this Board proves that in the interest of education a modification of the existing method of appointment by eliminating the mechanical factors of the scheme and the use of the grading scheme as a rigid appointment system is very necessary. (4.) Consolidation of schools : If the policy of consolidating schools is to become anything more than a pious aspiration, recent experience tends to confirm the Board in the opinion that some compre hensive and well-defined policy should be evolved to make provision for the conveyance of pupils to a central school where such action is desired or deemed necessary. Department. —Since the close of the year the appointment of Sir James Parr as High Commissioner in London has been announced. The Board desires to place on record its congratulations to Sir James on his elevation to such an important position in the government of the Dominion, and to express its thanks to him for the keen interest he displayed in educational matters during his term of office as Minister of Education, and the uniform courtesy and consideration with which he always met the Board. It is also desired to express appreciation of the cordial relations that have existed between the departmental officers and the Board during the past term. I have, &c., T. Hughes, Chairman. The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington.

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OTAGO. Sir, — As required by the Education Act, 1914, I have the honour to present the following report of the Education Board of the District of Otago for the year 1925 : — Board. —The only change that occurred in the personnel of the Board was by the election of Mr. James Mitchell as one of the representatives of the North Ward in the place of Mr. G. K. Graham, who found it necessary to retire owing to the pressure of private business. The present composition of the Board is as follows : Urban Area—Messrs. James Wallace, J. H. Wilkinson, R. H. S. Todd, and Leonard Sanderson ; North Ward —Messrs. George Livingstone and James Mitchell; Central Ward — Messrs. James Smith and James Horn, M.P. ; South Ward — Hon. D. J. Fleming, M.L.C., and Mr. George W. K. Wood. Mr. James Wallace continues to occupy the office of Chairman, it being now his eighth year in that position. Thirty-eight meetings of the Board have been held during the year, the average attendance being eight. Number of Schools. —At the close of the year there were 253 schools in operation —five less than in the previous year. Fifteen (including ten household schools) had an average below 9, seventy-eight had an average from 9 to 20, fifty-four from 21 to 35, thirty-two from 36 to 50, twenty-two from 51 to 80, eighteen from 81 to 120, seven from 121 to 160, two from 201 to 240, one from 241 to 280, four from 281 to 320, two from 321 to 360, three from 361 to 400, two from 401 to 440, and thirteen above 440. Teachers. —Consequent upon the adoption of a new scheme of entrance to the teaching profession, involving the abolition of the pupil-teacher system, the number of young people admitted to the Education service in this district last year was cut down by about half. Young entrants are now known as probationers, and a quota of positions is assigned for each district by the Department. The number of appointments as entrants was, for the Otago District, 35, and to fill these the Board selected 22 females and 13 males. For these 35 positions there were nearly 200 applicants, most of them very well qualified so far as examination status is concerned, and the Board regretted that it had to disappoint so many of them. Of the 35 probationers appointed during the year, 34 (97 per cent.) had passed the Matriculation Examination, and 1 had passed the teachers' D examination. Of the 34 who had passed Matriculation, 12 had also passed the teachers' D examination. The advance in examination status of those joining the service during the past few years is shown by the following having passed Matriculation or obtained partial Matriculation : 1920, 44 per cent. ; 1921, 55 per cent. ; 1922, 80 per cent.; 1923, 82 per cent. ; 1924, 97 per cent. ; 1925, 97 per cent. The Board's General Fund. —In its report for 1924 the Board directed attention to the inadequacy of the grants made by the Department to the Board's General Fund, and urged that a more liberal payment should be sanctioned. It desires again to emphasize the necessity for increased provision for administrative expenses. A promise was made by the Department that this important matter would receive consideration, but so far nothing has been done. The deficit on the Board's General Fund for the past year was £461 ss. Inspection of Schools. —The Inspectors' estimate of the general efficiency of the schools is as follows : Excellent or very good, 13 per cent.; good, 54 per cent.; very fair, 39 per cent.; fair, 4 per cent. This is an increase of about 10 per cent, in the schools of the good and very good groups, and a decrease of about 6 per cent, in those of the group which may be classed as below satisfactory. The Inspectors reported that, though the period of school work was much shorter than usual, owing to the enforced closing of the schools by the epidemic of infantile paralysis, the quality of the work was not detrimentally affected. As much ground was not covered as in a full year, but the thoroughness of the teaching more than made up for the deficiency in quantity. The following table shows last year's results in comparison with those of the previous four years : —

Agricultural Instruction. —During the past year instruction in elementary agriculture has formed a definite part of the course of 211 primary schools, and the rural-science programme has been followed in the district high schools. The enforced closing of the schools as a result of the epidemic immediately following the Christmas vacation more or less adversely affected the tangible results of the season's operations, but it can be said that, with the increasing appreciation of the value of the school garden in its various educational relations, an annual improvement is noted in the several phases of the work. Results of School-garden Competitions: —(1.) Long carrots —Ist, Ngapara; 2nd, Mosgiel*; 3rd, Momona : short carrots —Ist, Momona ; 2nd, Green Island ; 3rd, Ngapara. Beet —Ist, Mosgiel; 2nd, Momona. Onions —Ist, Green Island ; 2nd, Waiwera ; 3rd, Mosgiel. Parsnips—lst, Ngapara ; 2nd, Momona ; 3rd, Mosgiel. Marrow —Ist, Kakapuaka ; 2nd, Mosgiel. (2.) Potato-growing competition —Ist, Mosgiel; 2nd, Pukepito ; 3rd, Mosgiel; 4th Waiwera. (3.) Onion-growing competition—lst, Mosgiel; 2nd, Green Island ; 3rd, Waiwera ; 4th, Waiwera.

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Year. Good. Very Fair. Fair. Weak. [ Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. 1921 ...... 18 44 31 6 1 1922 .. 17-3 50-4 25 7-3 1923 ...... 10 45 33 9 3 1924 .. ■ • • • 10 47 33 9 1 1925 ...... 13 54 29 4

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School Buildings. —Five new schools were erected —one at Edievale being a newly established school, while one at Kahuika replaced a building destroyed by fire. The other three —viz., Hillend, Broad Bay, and Waitahuna —take the places of worn-out buildings. A start has also been made with the erection of the new Caversham School (a two-story brick building) upon an entirely new site. Schools to which additions have been built include Forbury, St. Clair, Kensington, and Conical Hills. A small building for the purpose of a dental clinic was erected at Mosgiel. Teachers' cottages were erected at Luggate and Tahakopa. Remodelling at George Street, Waitati, and Oamaru South Schools has given great satisfaction, and the hope is herein expressed that money will be forthcoming from time to time to permit of a great deal more of such work being undertaken. The demand for it is much in excess of the progress being made. Owing to floods, Henley School and residence were frequently unapproachable for lengthy periods, and for this reason both school and residence were shifted to a higher site, where approach is by metalled road. Advantage was taken of the opportunity to remodel the two schoolrooms. The fitting-up of new offices for the Board in that portion of the Moray Place School building which was for many years used as a School of Art was part of the year's work. Rather more than the average amount of maintenance work has been carried out, and it is now hoped that during the coming year all leeway arising from the war period will be recovered. The improvement of grounds, including much asphalting, made possible by the efforts of many School Committees in raising money locally, has been a feature of the year's work. Conveyance of Children. —Applications for the establishment of suitable services for the conveyance of pupils to school are increasing, as is also the cost of these services. For some years past the Board, in order to provide for these conveyances in various districts, has been compelled to pay between £500 and £600 per annum out of its General Fund. This rate of expenditure it cannot continue, as its income for general purposes is quite inadequate to meet the claims upon it. The additional money required to meet the cost of the existing conveyance services must, therefore, for the future be supplied by the Government or by the parents of the pupils conveyed, otherwise some of the existing services will have to be stopped. The difficulties children in some localities have in regularly attending school are fully realized by the Board, and the parents' demand for suitable conveyance for their children has its fullest sympathy, but it regrets that the condition of its finances compels it to curtail its grants for the purpose mentioned. Tuition by Correspondence. —Throughout the months of March and April, during which time the schools were closed on account of the epidemic, instruction of the public-school pupils was carried on by means of correspondence. An assignment of work for each week fairly suitable for all schools was prepared by a committee of teachers and published in the Dunedin daily papers and in a number of the country papers. The scheme was intended to be a guide to parents to facilitate their supervision of the children's work, and pupils were urged to work independently in their own homes. The work done by the pupils was posted weekly by the parents to the teachers, and the corrected work returned in due course. The teachers were required to remain at their schools and to use their own discretion for carrying out the details of the instruction. The secondary pupils of district high schools were communicated with individually and directed as to their course of study. On the whole it may be said that the measures adopted were the best possible under the circumstances. The cost of this tuition in this district was £186 3s. Id. Refresher Courses for Teachers. —Advantage was taken of the enforced closing of schools at the beginning of the year to institute refresher courses for teachers, with the following places as centres : Dunedin, Oamaru, Balclutha, and Alexandra. The Dunedin centre was in charge of an Inspector every day, and teachers acted as supervisors at the other centres. Special Classes. —Classes in drawing and singing (for pupil-teachers and probationers), the former with Mr. Donn as instructor and the latter with Miss Crawley as instructress, were carried on during the year. Elementary agricultural classes for teachers preparing for the C certificate were conducted at Dunedin by Mr. Green and at Balclutha by Mr. Lipscomb. A very much appreciated course of lectures on " Phonetics," attended by nearly one hundred teachers, was given in Dunedin by Professor G. E. Thompson, of the University of Otago. Junior High School. —A site comprising about 1\ acres has now been secured for the establishment of one of these schools at South Dunedin, the Government having sanctioned the necessary grant. It is hoped that a start will soon be made with the erection of the school, which it is proposed shall take the pupils of Standards V and VI of the Caversham, St. Clair, and Macandrew Road Schools. Balclutha High School. —Owing to the large and increasing attendance at the secondary classes of the Balclutha District High School the establishment of a high school at this place has for some time been regarded as inevitable, and authority for its starting was given last year. A fine site of about 12 acres has been acquired, and the first part of the new building is now approaching completion. A competent staff, with Mr. John Reid, 8.A., as Principal, has been appointed, and school work commenced with a roll of 135 pupils. Special School for Retardates. —One of these greatly needed special schools has been started in rooms adjoining the Moray Place School, Dunedin. Two specially qualified female teachers have been appointed, and about twenty pupils selected from the schools of the city and suburbs are receiving instruction specially adapted to their stage of mental development. Medical Inspection of Schools. —The School Medical Officers have carried out their work on the same lines as in former years. They are always ready to make special visits to schools where child disorders have occurred or where insanitary conditions are reported, and to advise as to the best means of counteracting these conditions. They furnish to the Board health statistics regarding the various schools, and periodically consult with the Board regarding the main features of their work in the schools.

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Physical Instruction. —The physical instruction of the junior teachers and of the Training College students is carried on by the Department's physical instructor with manifest zeal and efficiency. As far as time permits he visits the various schools of the district, and the Board has every reason to believe that these visits are welcomed by the teachers and are productive of much physical benefit to the pupils. School Committees. —Harmonious relations continue to exist between the Board and the School Committees of the district. As in former years, the Board has endeavoured to meet the wishes and requests of School Committees in a reasonable manner, and it cordially recognizes the interest and enthusiasm the majority of them evince in the carrying-out of their useful work. The practical withdrawal from the Committees of any choice in the selection of teachers by the system of appointment now in operation has in some districts, the Board believes, been responsible for the waning of local interest in school affairs. In the majority of cases the School Committees accept without demur the Board's selection of the teacher, but in many cases they reply curtly that they have no recommendation to make ; and in not a few they do not reply at all, or ask that a teacher other than the one selected by the Board receive the appointment. In only two or three cases last year did it happen that the Committee had any choice. Department. —The Board accords its thanks to the Minister and his officers for the careful consideration given by them to its various applications. It desires also to express its appreciation of the ability and tactfulness with which the departmental Inspectors carry out their onerous duties. The death of Mr. J. M. Nicolson, one of the Inspectors, which occurred during the year, was sincerely regretted by the Board. Mr. T. R. Fleming, M.A., who has occupied the position of Senior Inspector in this district for the past eight years, has now retired on superannuation. Throughout his connection with this Board he has proved himself to be an able, just, and wise administrator, and the Board parts with him with much regret. I have, &c., James Wallace, Chairman. The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington.

SOUTHLAND. Sir, —• In compliance with the requirements of the Education Act, 1914, the Education Board of the District of Southland has the honour to submit the following report of its proceedings for the year ending 31st December, 1925 : — The Board. —During the year the constitution of the Board's membership underwent no change. The personnel of the Board at the end of the year was as follows : Invercargill Urban Area —Messrs. A Bain and. A. W. Jones ; Central Ward —Messrs. P. A. de la Perrelle and J. D. Trotter; East Ward Messrs. H. Smith (Chairman) and S. Rice ; West Ward —Messrs. G. Johnson and J. C. Thomson. Board Meetings.—During the year to which this report refers the Board held twelve ordinary and one special meeting, and the Executive Committee, which consists of all the members of the Board, met twenty-two times. Schools. —At the close of the previous year there were 196 schools in operation. This number was added to by the reopening of the schools at Arthur's Point and Te Tipua. There were thus on 31st December, 1925, 198 schools under the jurisdiction of the Board. Model School. —The Model School at Charlton, which has been in operation since 1923, has justified its establishment. During the year to which this report refers several young people "inexperienced in the aTt of teaching have been sent to this school to gain an insight into school method and management before taking charge of small household schools, or acting as relieving teachers. District High Schools. —There are in this district two district high schools, one at Riverton and one at Wyndham, and, judging from reports submitted by the Board, they are doing good work. During the year the Department made a grant for (1) the erection of a class-room and a science room at Wyndham, and (2) a more up-to-date equipment for the teaching of science in the Riverton School. That the residents of the above-named districts fully appreciate the value of their district high schools is evidenced by the fact that the attendance has increased considerably during the year. The attendance in the secondary department of the Riverton and Wyndham Schools for 1925 was fifty and twentyeight respectively, as compared with forty-three and eighteen for 1924. Efficiency of Schools. —The report of the Inspectors shows that 192 schools were inspected during the year. Notwithstanding the fact that the schools were not reopened until the end of April on account of the epidemic of infantile paralysis, the Board is pleased to know that the schools under its control have fully maintained the efficiency of previous years. The schools were graded as follows : Very good, 10 ; good, 53 ; very fair or satisfactory, 113 ; fair, 13 ; weak, 3. Teaching Staff. —While the Board regrets that the uncertificated teachers still remain with it in considerable force, it is gratifying to be able to report that the educational status of its teaching staff is steadily improving. This is due mainly to the fact that the efforts of the Department through its training colleges are beginning to bear fruit by the production of fully trained teachers. Organizing Teachers. —The Board desires to record its appreciation of the valuable work done by its two organizing teachers, Messrs. D. Brown and H. Romans. These officers have under their supervision twenty schools stalled by partially trained teachers, and evidence is not wanting that the teachers and pupils under their supervision have made sound progress throughout the year.

30

E.—2

Instruction of Teachers. —Saturday classes for the instruction of pupil-teachers, probationers, and uncertificated teachers were held during the year at Invercargill and Gore. During the period the schools were closed on account of the epidemic of infantile paralysis refresher classes for teachers were held at Gore and Riverton for one week, and at Invercargill for three weeks. The classes held during the first week were attended by practically all teachers able to attend, but only those uncertificated were required to be present at the extended courses of instruction held in Invercargill. The subjects dealt with were agriculture, general science, singing, drawing, physical drill, hygiene, and school method. Scholarship Regulations, Proposed Amendment of.' —The following were the principal resolutions adopted by the Board regarding the proposed alterations in the award of scholarships : —• (1.) That the Board is strongly of opinion that the policy of awarding scholarships should be maintained. (2.) That such scholarships should take the form of free books to pupils who do not need to reside away from home to attend a secondary school; and boarding-allowance, with free books, to pupils who need to do so. (3.) That a Trust Fund supplementing scholarships might assist in providing successively the assistance required by promising pupils to enable them to complete courses leading to various professions and callings. (4.) That a larger number of scholarships at the University stage should be available in the engineering, dental, and other faculties of like character at the University. At present the Arts and Science faculties have too large a proportion of scholarships. (5.) That it is considered inadvisable that any poverty clause should be attached to the award of scholarships. Conveyance and Board of Pupils.—The amount disbursed by the Board on the conveyance and board of pupils was £1,923 18s. 7d. Conveyance allowance was paid in respect of 402 children, and boarding-allowance in respect of sixty-nine children. School Medical Service.—Excellent work lias been done during the year by the School Medical Officer, Dr. Rosa Collier, and her staff of nurses. It is very gratifying to know that the parents are heartily co-operating with the doctor and her staff, with the result that there is a great improvement in the general health of the children. Dental Clinic.—This important branch of the Health Department continues to do excellent work in Invercargill. In all, 1,300 children have received treatment during the past year. The new dental clinic at Gore will be opened early in 1926. The Board desires to place on record its appreciation of the handsome donation of £100 by the people of Gore towards the erection of the "building. Physical Instruction. —The physical instructor reports that a very high standard of work continues to prevail in Southland. The Board is glad to have the instructor's assurance that the teachers as a whole show keen interest both in the more formal exercises and in organized games. Agriculture. —Recognized classes for instruction in agriculture were carried on at 135 schools —■ six more than for the previous year. Elementary Handwork. —The various branches of handwork received attention during the year, schools being supplied with the necessary materials to enable work to be carried on in plasticinemodelling, paper-folding and paper-cutting, cardboard-work, colour-work, and raffia-weaving. The kindergarten materials also supplied by the Department were much appreciated. Woodwork and Cookery Classes.—Classes in these subjects were held during the year at the three manual-training centres —Invercargill, Gore, and Riverton. Subsidies on Voluntary Contributions. —During the year 105 applications were received for subsidy on voluntary contributions, the total amount of the contributions received being £1,311 2s. lid. In addition, subsidy of £3 10s. was applied for in connection with donations of material valued at £7. It is gratifying to note that more than half of the contributions raised was for the purpose of effecting improvements to school-grounds by providing shelter-belts, shrub and flower borders, laying down concrete or asphalt drilling-areas and paths, levelling and grassing playing-areas, &c. School Libraries. —During the year forty-three applications were received for subsidy on contributions in aid of the establishment of or purchase of additional books for school libraries. The total contributions received for this purpose amounted to £146 Bs. 7d. With pound-for-pound subsidy from the Department, and grants from the Board totalling £31 17s. 6d., a sum of £324 14s. Bd. was thus available for expenditure on the purchase of books. School Furniture.—The Board desires to thank the Department for its special grant towards the cost of replacing the obsolete long desks with dual desks. Buildings.—ln addition to the maintenance of school buildings, teachers' residences, &c., the Board has undertaken during the year several very important new works. The erection of new schools at Athol, Lora Gorge, Glencoe, Five Rivers Siding; a domestic science room at Gore, additions to schools at Balfour, Waimatua, Greenhills, Tuatapere ; removal of Te Tipua and Roslyn Bush Schools to new sites. Additional new works, grants for which have been approved by the Department, are now in progress, of which full particulars will appear in next year's report. Conclusion. —The Board, in conclusion, desires to acknowledge the courtesy and consideration of your Department in dealing with claims for grants ; to your Inspectors, Messrs. Strachan, Inglis, and Service, for their assistance in promoting the educational welfare of this district; and to the School Committees for their hearty co-operation in all matters relating to the Board's activities. I have, &c., Hugh Smith, Chairman. The Hon. the Minister of Education, Wellington.

31

2. STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE, AND ASSETS AND LIABILITIES, AND BALANCE-SHEETS OF EDUCATION BOARDS. AUCKLAND. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys owinq by Board. Credit Bank Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bank (if any) .. .. .. Cash at bank on current account 6,453 11 3 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 463 4 1 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 2,440 0 10 5,990 7 2 General Account .. .. .. .. 1,952 6 5 Cash in hand .. .. .. .. 485 0 0 Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 9,638 14 0 Fixed deposits .. .. .. .. 150 0 0 Credit balance —General Account .. .. 3,487 0 7 Investments Amounts due—• Special accounts .. .. .. .. 8,906 12 1 General Account .. .. .. .. 1,986 2 7 £17,518 1 10 • £17,518 1 10

E.—2.

32

; As at 31st December, 1925. Name of Account. 31st December 1924 Income. Expenditure. | Amounts due to Board. Amounts owing bv iSaiance. ~ r Board Due from Department. jDuefrom other Sources. . - Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. j 516,845 13 9 516,845 13 9 .. 241 14 1 House allowances .. .. .. ■■ J 18,192 4 6 18,192 4 6 .. .. .. j 40 0 6 School libraries .. .. .. .. .. 102 0 9 j 500 0 0 505 17 0 96 3 9 .. .. I Conveyance, c&. .. .. .. .. .. .. g 1 7 6,256 7 1 .. 794 14 1 .. | Grants to School Committees .. .. .. .. 30,920 8 11 30,920 8 11 .. .. .. 588 1 9 Training colleges .. .. .. .. .. .. j 43,303 12 1 43,303 12 1 .. 781 15 10 Teachers' classes .. .. .. .. . . .. : Scholarships — National .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,450 7 6 3,450 7 6 .. .. .. 3 5 3 Special .. .. .. .. .. .. \ District High School salaries .. .. .. .. ! 15,614 6 5 15,614 6 5 .. 2 5 0 Manual instruction .. .. .. .. 3,550 7 4 27,147 13 11 27,549 19 5 3,148 1 10 4,602 1 8 35 0 0 962 19 2 Technical instruction .. .. .. .. Dr. 655 0 9 6,152 6 9 6,178 5 8 Dr. 680 19 8 294 1 0 Rebuilding .. .. .. .. .. 13,792 12 1 1,299 0 7 8,308 15 5 6,782 17 3 Buildings —Maintenance .. .. .. .. 5,848 19 9 33,303 611 38,859 15 10 292 10 10 2,046 6 3 108 14 2 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. i 125,689 18 4 125,689 18 4 .. .. .. 554 6 2 Workshop Account .. .. .. .. .. <|J g 15 0 J 4,148 16 2 c-t I / 584 13 6+\ „ Sites sales .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 0 0' / lob Contractors' deposits .. .. .. .. .. i 924 14 0 924 14 0 .. .. .. 291 8 0 Training College Hostel .. .. .. .. .. 2,219 10 3 \ 2 010 1 10 / Total of special accounts .. .. 22,638 19 2 836,573 0 8 849,573 5 10 9,638 14 0 8,762 17 11 143 14 2 2,440 0 10 f 209 8 5* 584 13 6|1 General Account .. .. .. .. .. 3,146 12 4 .. 1,074 6 8 )- 3,487 0 7 1,816 2 7 170 0 0 1,952 6 5 l_ 24,224 12 0 22,434 12 0 J Grand total .. .. .. .. 25,785 11 6 861,007 1 1 873,666 18 0 13,125 14 7 10,579 0 6 i 313 14 2 4,392 7 3 I * Transfers to General Account. f Transfers to Suspense Account.

5—E. 2

TARANAKI. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

E.—2

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Monevs owinq by Board. Credit Bank Balances avd Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bank (if any) .. .. .. Cash at bank on current account 4,933 12 4 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 488 17 9 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 3,607 18 10 4,444 14 7 General Account .. .. .. .. 17 10 1 Carh in hand Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 8,745 17 4 Fixed deposits .. .. .. .. 2,400 0 0 Credit balance—General Account .. .. 1,705 17 5 Investments Amounts due—Special accounts .. .. .. .. 6,983 15 7 General Account .. .. .. .. 248 13 6 £14,077 3 8 £14,077 3 8

33

As at 31st December, 1925. Name of Account. 31st 1824 Income " Expenditure. Amounts due to Board. Amonnts owmg by Balance. I Board Due from Department. Due from other Sources. — _ . Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 97,339 19 0 97,339 19 0 .. 80 2 0 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,902 14 7 2,902 14 7 .. 43 3 1 School libraries .. .. .. .. .. 34 19 7 128 3 2 121 14 3 41 8 6 0 19 8 Conveyance, &c. .. .. .. . .. .. 1,401 17 2 1,401 17 2 .. 98 1 8 .. 245 16 11 Grants to School Committees .. .. .. .. 6,008 16 9 5,896 19 2 111 17 7 34 0 5 .. 47 1 3 Training colleges Teachers' classes .. .. .. .. .. 54 5 3 257 18 7 264 18 9 47 5 1 220 13 11 .. 65 15 6 Scholarships — ■ National .. .. .. .. .. .. 518 12 2 518 12 2 Special .. .. .. .. .. .. .. j District High School salaries .. . . . . .. 495 0 0 495 0 0 Manual instruction .. .. ■■ .. 892 9 5 4,481 17 8 4,521 1 8 853 5 5 410 16 9 .. 227 8 6 Technical instruction .. ■ • • • • ■. 36 17 5 Dr. 16 10 6 j 0 1 1 20 5 10 Rebuilding .. .. .. •• .. 1,814 19 9 291 17 7 953 17 10 1,152 19 6 .. .. 829 19 2 Buildings—Maintenance .. .. .. 4,542 19 11 8,197 0 5 7,937 14 8 4,802 5 8 1,158 4 6 164 2 8 344 17 11 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. 16,293 17 9 16,293 17 9 .. 753 1 4 374 7 6 1,526 0 8 Workshop Account .. .. .. .. 1,240 6 0 8,514 2 11 8,035 9 2 1,708 19 9 .. { 3 523 12 8 } 203 17 6 Sites sales .. .. .. ■ • ■ ■ 7 10 0 .. i .. 7 10 0 Contractors' deposits .. .. •. • • .. 12 0 0 12 0 0 Subsidies .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,238 2 5 2,238 2 5 .. .. .. 117 1 5 Total of special accounts .. .. 8,624 7 4 149,065 9 8 148,933 19 8 8,745 17 4 2,799 3 4 4,184 12 3 3,607 18 10 General Account .. .. .. .. .. 1,762 3 4 3,652 7 11 3,708 13 10 1,705 17 5 72 5 5 176 8 1 17 10 1 Grand total .. .. .. .. [ 10,386 10 8 152,717 17 7 152,642 13 6 10,451 14 9 2,871 8 9 4,361 0 4 3,625 8 11

E.—2.

WANGANUI. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys owing by Board. Credit Banle Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bank (if any) .. .. .. Cash at bank on current account 1,585 19 9 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 726 11 0 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 6,667 10 5 859 8 9 General Account .. .. .. .. 35 0 1 Amounts due— Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 227 14 8 Investments .. .. .. .. 837 1 10 Credit balance—General Account .. .. 46 7 9 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 4,814 14 8 General Account .. .. .. .. 465 7 8 £6,976 12 11 £6,976 12 11

34

As at 31st December, 1925. Name ol Account. 31st Dumber, 1924. Income - ' Expenditure. Ba|anc( , Amounts due to Board. Amounte owing by Due from Department. |Due from other Sources. Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' Salaries .. •• 134,247 17 1 134,247 17 1 .. 132 4 1 .. 35 13 11 House allowances .. •• •• •• •• •• 3,981 17 6 3,981 17 6 ■■ •' ° _ . School libraries Cr. 58 18 3 291 13 6 61 16 2 Cr. 288 15 7 28 11 9 0 5 1 Conveyance &c .. •• •• •• 863 1 9 863 1 9 .. 353 12 5 0 12 5 325 10 4 Grants to School Committees Cr. 8 8 0 8,184 17 9 8,193 5 9 .. 14 15 0 0 7 6 52 2 7 TmS'aSS ■■ ' ft- 50 0 S 107 0 11 104 15 2 ft. 52 8 5 tssr «..* « o * •• r.. Special .. •• •• •• •• •• 660 660 .. .. .. 660 Distrift Hio-li School salaries • • • • • • • • 2,647 15 10 2,647 15 10 Manual instruction .. .. Gr. 3 2 0 5,767 0 9 5,687 8 7 Cr. 82 14 2 921 4 0 69 0 10 342 1 8 Dr. 200 0 0 664 0 0 464 0 0 .. 464 0 0 B 11 !ldinj?«—Maintenance " •• •• Cr.l ,020 "l8 9 12,612' 1 1 ll,983'l9 3 Cr. 1,649 0 7 1,009 5 10 147 0 0 1,591 17 1 fcMfc ■■ 21,487 6 0 21,487 6 0 .. 1,741 1 7 475 9 11 3,071 15 10 Workshop Account .. •• •• />■ 1,438 5 0 4,308 3 5 4,525 11 4 X»r.l,655 12 11 .. 119 11 2 105 1 3 Sites sales .. .. .. .. .. Cr 458 19 9 203 19 6 .. Cr. 662 19 3 Contractors' deposits .. .. \ Dr. 977 19 2 / Ho „ q«7 ir o \ Dr. 946 19 4 .. .. { q1 o o 0* Wanganui school-sites .. .. • • / \ 16 0 967 16 2/ \ 912 0 0 Prize fund and miscellaneous Cr. 112 8 4 489 16 9 507 14 2 Cr. 94 10 11 .. 25 0 0 2U 5 0 Total of special accounts .. .. Dr. 903 8 5 197,642 14 2 196,511 11 1 Cr. 227 14 8 4,814 14 8 837 1 10 6,667 10 5 General Account .. .. •• .. Cr. 555 6 8 4,549 6 3 5,058 5 2 Cr. 46 7 9 168 13 1 296 14 7 35 0 1 Grand total .. •• •• .. Dr. 348 1 9 202,192 0 5 201,569 16 3 Cr. 274 2 5 4,983 7 9 1,133 16 5 6,702 10 6 * £912 received from Department on account of Wanganui Technical College site and playing-fields.

HAWKE'S BAY. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

E.—2

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys owing by Board. I Credit Bank Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bank (if any) .. .. .. Cash at bank on current account 1,982 15 9 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 1,334 13 7 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 3,355 5 8 — 648 2 2 General Account .. .. .. .. 45 4 3 Cash in hand .. .. .. .. 5 8 6 Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 3,081 12 4 Fixed deposits .. .. .. .. 1,000 0 0 Credit balance—General Account .. .. 3,294 1 0 Post Office Savings-bank .. .. .. 733 8 4 Amounts due—■ Special accounts .. .. .. .. 5,648 10 11 General Account .. .. .. .. 1,740 13 4 £9,776 3 3 £9,776 3 3 WELLINGTON. [Returns not available.]

35

As at 31st December, 1925. Name of Account. 31gt 1924 Income. Expenditure. Amounts due to Board. Amounts owing by balance. I Ko*ir<i Due from Department. JDuefrom other Sources. Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ [s. d. £ Js. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 125,261 5 6 i 125,261 5 6 .. 9 3 0 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,545 5 6 ! 3,545 5 6 .. 3 1 8 School libraries .. .. .. .. .. 0 9 7 198 19 10 , 199 1 5 0 8 0 9 15 5 .. 23 5 4 Conveyance, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,228 14 11 i 3,228 14 11 .. 95 17 4 42 0 0 Grants to School Committees .. .. .. .. 7,397 14 0 7,397 140 .. 5110 10 .. 90 78 Training colleges .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 Teachers' classes .. .. .. .. .. 11 7 10 104 17 3 104 17 3 11 7 10 104 17 3 Scholarships — National .. .. .. .. .. .. 921 1 0 921 1 0 Special District High School salaries .. .. .. .. 3,870 16 8 ! 3,870 16 8 .. 0 5 0 Manual instruction .. .. .. .. 1,187 18 9 4,708 19 7 5,102 1 10 794 16 6 264 7 0 4 16 0 343 13 4 Technical instruction .. .. .. .. 369 18 1 5,521 14 7 5,440 16 9 450 15 11 264 4 1 22 6 4 33 9 7 Rebuilding .. .. .. .. .. 841 1 0 108 0 0 949 1 0 .. .. 14 5 0 335 19 7 Buildings—Maintenance .. .. .. .. 1,102 13 4 7,667 3 10 7,451 10 7 1,318 6 7 32 17 8 2,180 11 6 1,452 19 6 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. 14,070 3 1 14,070 3 1 .. 2,388 0 0 160 8 10 Workshop Account .. .. .. .. 229 3 6 6,922 10 2 6,800 12 11 351 0 9 .. .. 14 0 3 Sites sales .. .. .. •. • • 154 16 9 .. I • ■ 154 16 9 .. .. Contractors' deposits .. .. .. .. .. 170 0 0 \ 170 0 0 .. .. .. 45 0 0 Voluntary contributions and subsidies .. .. .. 3,18) 2 11 3,181 2 11 .. .. .. 1,016 10 5 Total of special accounts .. .. 3,897 8 10 186,878 8 10 187,694 5 4 3,081 12 4 3,224 3 3 2,424 7 8 3,355 5 8 General Account .. .. .. .. .. 3,353 19 1 4,659 18 4 4,719 16 5 3,294 1 0 102 3 9 1,638 9 7 45 4 3 Grand total .. .. .. .. 7,251 7 11 191,538 7 2 192.414 1 9 6,375 13 4 3,326 7 0 4,062 17 3 3,400 9 11 I

E.—2.

NELSON. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys \ owing by Board. Credit Bank Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. ' £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bank (if any) .. .. .. Cash at bank on current account 2,618 19 0 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 452 10 0 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 1,181 18 11 2,166 9 0 General Account .. .. .. .. 4 12 Fixed deposits .. .. .. .. 2,500 0 0 Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 4,017 11 8 Amounts due— Credit balance—General Account .. .. 397 1 6 Special accounts .. ~ .. .. 884 0 7 General Account .. .. .. .. 50 3 8 £5,600 13 3 £5,600 13 3

36

As at 31st December, 1925. Name of Account. 31st Dree'S 1924. Income - Expenditure. I Amounts due to Board. Amounts owing by balance. Board j Due from Department. jDue from other Sources. Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 64,592 11 11 64,592 11 11 .. 1 6 10 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,726 2 7 2,726 2 7 .. .. .. 9 18 11 School libraries .. .. .. .. .. 8 15 3 96 3 1 99 6 2 5 12 2 .. .. 80 0 0 Conveyance, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,162 14 9 1,162 14 9 .. 56 5 6 Grants to School Committees .. .. .. 188 10 7 4,116 11 7 4,006 17 0 298 5 2 Training colleges .......... Teachers' classes .. .. .. .. .. 16 13 3 30 9 0 44 18 5 2 3 10 8 3 10 .. 6 10 0 Scholarships — National .. .. .. .. .. .. 569 0 0 569 0 0 Special .......... District High School salaries .. .. .. .. 2,28707 2,28707 .. 67411 Manual instruction .. .. .. .. 170 4 5 1,939 11 11 2,046 8 8 63 7 8 490 6 7 .. 166 18 11 Technical instruction .. .. .. .. 6 16 4 55 15 4 54 15 8 7 16 0 20 16 0 .. 21 18 0 Rebuilding .. .. .. .. .. 1,298 17 4 29 13 10 541 14 9 786 16 5 .. 32 0 6 Buildings —Maintenance .. .. .. .. 1,655 1 0 5,350 18 3 4,188 10 10 2,817 8 5 107 16 5 .. 206 7 0 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. 14,796 6 1 14,796 6 1 .. .. 100 0 0 568 2 2 Workshop Account ........ Sites sales .. .. .. .. .. 44 92 .. 872 36 20 Contractors' deposits .. .. .. .. .. 238 0 0 238 0 0 .. .. .. 5 0 0 Voluntary contributions and subsidies .. .. .. 1,621 9 11 1,621 9 11 .. .. .. 117 3 11 Total of special accounts .. .. 3,389 7 4 99,612 8 10 98,984 4 6 4,017 11 8 752 0 1 132 0 6 1,181 18 11 General Account .. .. .. .. .. 292 0 9 2,628 15 1 2,523 14 4 397 1 6 50 3 8 .. 4 1 2 Grand total .. .. .. .. 3,681 8 1 102,241 3 11 101,507 18 10 4,414 13 2 802 3 9 132 0 6 1,186 0 1

CANTERBURY. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

JE.—2

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys owing by Board. Credit Bank Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bank (if any) .. .. .. Cash at bank on current account 2,036 1 5 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 1,673 7 10 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 13,420 3 2 362 13 7 General account .. .. .. .. 28 1 9 Cash in hand .. .. .. .. 58 18 8 Credit balances— Special accounts .. .. 14,286 6 6 Cash in Salaries Branch Account .. .. 89 17 4 Credit balance— General Account .. .. 4,977 0 11 Fixed deposits .. .. .. .. 4,000 0 0 Investments . . .. .. .. 3,150 0 0 Amounts due— Special accounts .. .. .. .. 24,766 11 2 General Account .. .. .. .. 283 11 7 £32,711 12 4 £32,711 12 4

37

As at 31st December, 1925. Kame oi Account. ;n S t December, 1924. Inoome - Expenditure. I Amounts due to Board. Amounts nwin. hv Balance. r —— Board ! Due from Department. jDuefrom other Sources. Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 286,446 16 1 286,446 16 1 1 .. 105 7 11 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. .. 5,739 10 0 5,739 10 0 .. .. .. 3 6 8 School libraries .. .. ..Or. 256 3 9 853 10 2 1,085 1 11 Or. 24 12 0 431 8 8 .. 170 0 0 Conveyance, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,752 9 0 6,752 9 0 .. 77 3 0 .. 12 0 6 Grants to School Committees .. .. .. .. 17,110 0 11 17,074 1 3 35 19 8 88 12 1 9 15 10 130 18 7 Training colleges .. .. .. .. .. 080 36,672 19 5 36,673 7 5 .. 494 15 8 13 6 10 Teachers' classes .. .. .. .... 31 9 7 196 14 9 128 0 4 100 4 0 99 2 0 Scholarships — National .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,661 16 0 1,661 16 0 Special .. .. .. .. .. .. 489 14 3 489 14 3 .. .. .. 665 5 7 District High School salaries .. .. .. .. 10,317 16 6 10,317 16 6 .. .. 66 13 4 5 10 7 Manual instruction .. .. .. ..Or. 1,513 8 3 11,489 12 7 11,718 1 10 1,284 19 0 894 1 1 109 8 6 503 7 11 Technical instruction .. .. .. Or. 4 14 4 421 3 1 425 17 5 .. .. .. 46 9 6 Rebuilding .. .. .. .. .. 1,536 16 9 63 0 0 392 2 0 1,207 14 9 Buildings—Maintenance .. .. .. .. Dr. 193 14 4 24,867 4 2 26,159 12 10 Dr. 1,486 3 0 2,035 18 6 197 8 5 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. 48,375 4 11 48,375 4 11 .. 8,322 8 2 150 0 0 10,915 2 11 Workshop Account .. .. .. .. 9,804 4 1 20,928 6 0 18,320 6 6 12,412 3 7 .. 11,656 12 6 435 10 10 Sites sales .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 688 Contractors' deposits .. .. .. .. .. 615 19 3 615 19 3 .. . . .. 215 15 9 Subsidies .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,017 15 10 6,017 15 10 .. .. 8 0 0 236 14 4 Burnham Bequest .. .. .. .. .. 786 16 6 80 0 0 706 16 6 .. .. 80 0 0 Total of special accounts .. .. 12,953 10 5 479,806 9 5 478,473 13 4 14,286 6 6 12,548 17 1 12,217 14 1 13,420 3 5 General Accdunt .. .. .. .. .. 4,066 12 2 8,459 3 11 7,548 15 2 4,977 0 11 36 5 0 247 6 7 28 1 9 Grand total .. .. .. .. 17,020 2 7 488,265 13 4 486,022 8 6 19,263 7 5 12,585 2 1 12,465 0 8 13,448 4 11

2.

OTAGO. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

Balance-sheet, 31st December, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys owing by Baord. Credit Bank Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. PS £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit bank balance (if any) .. 8,538 18 0 Cash at bank, country branches 182 16 3 Add unpresented cheques .. 1,120 16 11 Less unpresented cheques .. 154 8 1 9,659 14 11 28 8 2 Amounts owing— Fixed deposits .. .. .. .. 2,200 0 0 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 3,085 13 2 Investments .. .. .. .. 8,967 16 5 General Account .. .. .. .. 160 12 7 Amounts due— Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 12,979 12 7 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 17,138 12 2 Credit balance—General Account .. .. 8,089 0 6 General Account .. .. .. .. 5,639 17 0 £33,974 13 9 £33,974 13 9

38

As at 31st December, 1925. Name of Account. 31st December, 1924. Income - Expenditure. Amounts due to Board. Amounts owing by .balance. I Board Due from Department. Due from other Sources. Special Accounts. f s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. 129 16 6 175,602 0 2 175,688 19 5 42 17 3 | .. 14 15 3 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. 618 2,250 10 2 2,256 11 10 .. i 7 18 School libraries .. .. .. .. .. 40 10 10 252 12 6 289 12 I 3 11 3 .. .. 170 2 4 Conveyance, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,200 19 8 4,200 19 8 .. 1,246 4 7 164 5 10 847 14 3 Grants to School Committees .. .. .. .. 10,424 7 11 10,424 7 11 .. .. .. 197 18 3 Training colleges .. .. .. .. .. 75 19 1 36,444 1 3 36,508 13 11 11 6 5 0 1 8 Trust Account .. .. .. .. .. 200 0 0 9 10 0 9 10 0 200 0 0 Teachers' classes .. .. .. .. .. 3 3 9 220 16 10 221 16 6 2 4 1 68 0 10 Scholarships — National .. .. .. .. .. .. 943 0 0 943 0 0 .. 260 15 7 Special .. .. .. .. .. 441 5 8 35 7 10 32 1 0 444 12 6 District High School salaries .. .. .. 10 7 2 5,285 7 6 5,295 14 8 Manual instruction .. .. .. .. 2,446 16 3 5,938 13 11 6,117 0 9 2,268 9 5 736 10 2 .. 83 14 6. Technical instruction .. .. .. .. .. 588 13 1 588 13 1 Rebuilding .. .. .. .. .. 10,894 0 4 355 14 9 4,791 4 11 6,458 10 2 Buildings—Maintenance .. .. .. .. 2,212 15 6 16,651 15 4 18,151 6 6 713 4 4 109 1 8 5,017 1 9 1,000 0 0 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. 482 5 4 7,352 17 1 7,325 17 7 509 4 10 8,827 11 10 639 0 10 Workshop Account .. .. .. .. 941 1 2 14.981 9 10 14,939 1 11 983 9 1 .. 19 0 6 720 0 7 Sites sales .. .. .. .. .. 341 14 6 25 0 0 14 4 6 352 10 0 .. 25 0 0 Contractors' deposits .. .. .. .. .. 340 10 0 340 10 0 .. .. •. 15 10 0 Other accounts .. .. .. .. .. 750 15 11 1,852 7 4 1,613 10 0 989 13 3 4 0 0 .. 50 13 3 Total of Special Accounts .. .. 18,976 13 8 283,755 15 2 289,752 16 3 12,979 12 7 11,259 8 0 5,879 4 2 3,085 13 2 General Account .. .. .. .. .. 8,554 17 7 15,116 5 10 15,582 2 11 8,089 0 6 30 19 8 5,608 17 4 160 12 7 Grand total .. .. .. .. 27,531 11 3 298,872 1 0 305,334 19 2 21,068 13 1 11,290 7 8 11,488 1 6 3,246 5 9

SOUTHLAND. Statement of Income and Expenditure, and Assets and Liabilities, for the Year ended 31st December, 1925.

E.—2

Balance-sheet, 31st Decembeb, 1925. Debit Bank Balances and Moneys owing by Board. Credit Bank Balances and Moneys due to Board. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Debit balance at bant (if any) .. .. 215 4 1 Cash at bank on current account 703 12 2 Amounts owing— Less unpresented cheques .. 918 16 3 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 1,626 19 8 Cash in hand .. .. .. .. 5,750 0 0 General Account .. .. .. .. 218 16 11 Amounts due— Credit balances—Special accounts .. .. 6,542 13 8 Special accounts .. .. .. .. 4,696 0 2 Credit balance—General Account .. .. 2,246 16 4 General Account .. .. .. .. 314 10 6 £10,760 10 8 £10,760 10 8

39

I As at 31st December, 1925. Name o{ Account. 31sfc December 1924 Inoome - Expenditure. Amounts due to Board. Amounts owing by ' .Balance. I Board Due from Department. jDue from other Sources. Special Accounts. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 101,083 17 1 101,083 17 1 .. .. .. 19 13 9 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,286 16 7 2,286 16 7 .. 4 3 8 School libraries .. .. .. .. .. 62 6 6 747 8 3 739 2 10 70 11 11 170 14 11 .. 67 17 11 Conveyance, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,863 13 0 1,863 13 0 .. .. 1 11 0 Grants to School Committees .. .. .. 142 10 8 6,619 14 3 6,464 0 4 298 4 7 1 8 9 Training colleges .......... Teachers' classes .. .. .. .. .. 250 6 2 101 12 5 101 12 5 250 6 2 40 4 9 1 5 8 2 5 8 Scholarships — National .. .. .. .. .. .. 286 0 0 286 0 0 Special .......... District High School salaries .. .. .. .. 935 19 2 935 19 2 Manual instruction .. .. .. .. 524 18 3 3,939 5 7 4,408 9 3 34 5 5 Dr. 781 8 0 .. 412 15 6 Technical instruction .. .. .. .. 0 19 4 90 3 2 90 3 2 0 19 4 .. 8 5 0 Rebuilding .. .. .. .. .. 2,385 0 7 536 6 6 1,288 5 5 1,633 1 8 .. .. 88 4 7 Buildings—Maintenance .. .. .. .. 5,559 4 5 13,423 9 10 14,748 18 10 4,233 15 5 1,478 19 11 309 0 10 241 2 2 New buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. 10,286 19 10 10,286 19 10 .. .. .. 127 15 10 Workshop Account .. .. .. .. .. 9,777 7 2 9,777 7 2 Subsidies, ordinary .. .. .. .. .. 4,421 11 11 4,421 11 11 .. 1,861 1 1 5 0 0 665 13 3 Contractors' deposits .. .. .. .. .. 26 10 0 26 10 0 Free school-books for boarded-out children .. .. .. 13 7 0 13 7 0 .. 34 7 7 Correspondence tuition .. .. .. .. .. 86 13 3 86 13 3 Total of Special Accounts .. .. 8,925 5 11 156,526 15 0 159,999 7 3 6,452 13 8 4,372 8 8 323 11 6 1,626 19 8 General Account .. .. .. .. .. 2,387 16 0 4,457 18 11 4,598 18 7 2,246 16 4 22 13 3 291 17 3 218 16 11 Grand total .. .. .. .. 11,313 1 11 160,984 13 11 163,598 5 10 8,699 10 0 4,395 1 11 615 8 9 1,845 16 7

E.—2.

APPENDIX C.

TRAINING COLLEGES.

I. DETAILED TABLES. Table P1. —Number of Students in the Four Training Colleges in 1925.

Table P2. —Initial Status on their Admission to the Training Colleges of Students who left in 1925.

40

Division A. Division B. Division 0. Division D. Training College. Totals. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Total. /First year .. 38 108 11 .. .. 2 .. .. 159\„. A 49\ 10/< 110\ oip 0/1A Auckland -.Second year .. 60 97 15 9 181/ 340 75/ 106/ 216 30 w /First year 52 101 5 10 6 1 1 176\„._ 58\,„ n 118\„„ s _ Wellington | Second year .. 48 95 14 12 169/ 345 62/ 120 107 j 225 345 Canterburv / First y ear • • 47 89 2 6 1 3 .. 148\ 50 \ q . 98\ „ p , Canterbury Second year .. 38 85 6 15 144/ 292 44 / 9 100/ 198 Dunedin J First year - 51 77 10 18 2 3 5 2 168\ 68\ 107 1001 Uunedm Second year .. 29 70 10 17 126/ 294 39/ 107 87/ 187 294 Totals .. .. ! 363 722 73 87 3 14 6 3 1,271 445 826 1,271

O CJ E£ a? (B ' rtJfnrt 5r! <« ' I"*- 1 II g g«J s*% IS°S § 1 : s II" i "II 5>l! Bits! I I fa -3 -eg* w> ! * o.2 5.S.S S -^o W «"£*<» -S ! S -2 rifiO s S -® - B"S o"-9 > 3 . - 3 1,3 h s| &»-2§ IMS 0, S E'3 o - S *§.« -ass's |.ShS . S ll aSl ® ~ .-Sflg 8°'§! J | -a sS «? gw J'gS g | ■gg'So |3SW 1 8 I ?S H S 3 BO & a i-4 | H Auckland— Division A (two-year students) .. 1 i 56 58 101 .. .. .. 159 Division B (two-year students) .. .. .. .. .. 7 ., 17 .. 24 Division A (one-year students) .. .. 2 4 6 29 .. .. .. 35 Division B (one-year students) .. .. .. .. . . . . .. 1 . . 1 Division C (one-year students) .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 .. .. 2 Division D (one-year students) Totals .. .. 1 3 60 64(a)- 137(6) 2 18 .. 221 Wellington— Division A (two-year students) .. .. .. 26 26 105 .. 9 .. 140 Division B (two-year students) .. .. .. 1 1 4 .. 21 .. 26 Division A (one-year students) .... 1 7 8 28 .. 2 .. 38 Division C (one-year students) .. .| .. .. .. .. 6 .. .. 6 Division D (one-year students) .. j .. .. .. 3 .. .. .. 3 Totals .. .. .. 1 34 35(c) 140(d) 6 32 .. 213 Christchureh— Division A (two-year students) .. .. 1 37 38 86 .. .. .. 124 Division B (two-year students) .. .. .. 3 3 12 .. 7 .. 22 Division A (one-year students) .. 1 3 7 11 14 .. .. .. 25 Division C (one-year students) .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 1 .. 4 Division D (one-year students) Totals .. .. 1 4 47 52(e) 112(/) 3 8 ..175 Dunedin— Division A (two-year students) .. .. 1 38 39 65 .. 1 . . 105 Division B (two-year students) .... 1 6 7 12 .. 8 .. 27 Division A (one-year students) . . .. .. 9 9 13 .. 1 .. 23 Division B (one-year students) .. .. .. .. . . .. . . 1 . . 1 Division C (one-year students) .. . . .. .. .. .. 5 .. . . 5 Division D (one-year students) .. .. .. 1 1 6 .. .. .. 7 Totals .. .. .. 2 54 56(g) 96 (h) 5 11 .. 168 Grand totals .. .. 2 10 195 207 485 16 69 .. 777 (a) Including 43 students who had passed Matriculation or had obtained a partial pass in Matriculation. (6) Including 89 ditto. (c) Including 82 ditto. (i) Including 85 ditto. (e) Including 41 ditto. (f) Including 85 ditto. (g) rnclnding 49 ditto. (A) Including 77 ditto.

E.—2.

Table P3. —Examination Status of Training-college Students who left in 1925.

Table P4. —Staffs of Training Colleges at 31st December, 1925.

6—E. 2.

41

Completed Examination a n, QuaStion Ktt, a Teacher's Certiflo Certificate 'S jg °with Credited with |f Class Class Class Partial T otal. JectTtowS'ds N °naS"' Total. 51 S ~at S ~ f Auckland- — Two-year students (Divisions A and B) .. 8 125 36 .. 169 13 .. 13 182 One-year students (Division A) 2 10 7 19 16 .. 16 35 One-year students (Division B) .. .. .. 1 .. 1 1 One-year students (Division C) .. .. 2 .. .. .. 2 .. .. .. 2 One-year students (Division D) Totals .. .. .... 10 126 46 7 190 30 .. 30 220 Wellington— Two-year students (Divisions A and B) .. 10 123 30 .. 163 4 .. 4 167* One-year students (Division A) .... 1 2 19 4 26 12 .. 12 38 One-year students (Division C) .... 4 .. .. 4 2 .. 2 6f One-year students (Division D) 3 .. 3 .. .. .. 3 Totals .. .. .... 15 125 52 4 196 18 .. 18 214 Christehuroh —• Two-year students (Divisions A and B) .. 4 109 30 .. 143 3 .. 3 146J One-year students (Division A) 1 10 12 23 2 .. 2 25 One-year students (Division 0) .... 3 1 .. .. 4 .. .. .. 4 One-year students (Division D) Totals .. .. .... 7 111 40 12 170 5 .. 5 175 Dunedin — Two-year students (Divisions A and B) 9 96 21 2 128 3 .. 3 131§ One-year students (Division A) 17 3 20 3 3 23 One-year students (Division B) .. .. I 1 1 One-year students (Division C) .. 1 4 .. .. 5 . . .. .. 5 One-year students (Division D) 1 5 .. 6 1 .. 1 7 Totals .. .. 1 13 97 53 5 159 8 .. 8 167 Grand totals .. .. 1 45 459 181 28 715 61 .. 61 776 * Includes 1 left and 1 dismissed before end of 1925. t Includes 2 left before end of 1925; J Includes 2 [left before end of 1926. § Includes 1 deceased.

Training College. Name. | Position. Salary. £ Auckland .. • • • • Cousins, Herbert 6. .. .. Principal .. .. .. 750 Rae, Duncan McF. .. .. Vice-principal .. .. 575 Clinch, John A. .. .. Assistant Lecturer .. .. 525 Falla, Robert S. .. .. Relieving Lecturer .. .. 300 Brew, Fred C. .. .. .. Assistant Lecturer .. .. 495 Jones, E. R. .. .. „ .. .. 460 Shaw, J. W. (Rev.) .. .. „ .. .. 495 Wallace, Harry .. .. .. „ .. .. 495 Kennedy, Agnes .. .. ,, .. .. 445 | Binstead, Hubert C. .. .. Relieving Lecturer .. .. 400 I Hume, Jeanie .. ■■ .. Tutor and Librarian.. .. 380 Wellington .. Gould, W. H. .. .. Principal .. .. .. 750 I Lomas, E. K. .. .. Vice-principal .. .. 600 Watkin, Leonard J. .. .. Art Lecturer .. .. 525 | Irvine-Smith, Fanny .. .. Assistant Lecturer .. .. 460 ) Jacobsen, N. R... .. .. „ .. .. 525 Loy, E. .. .. .. „ .. ..430 Aitken, J. W. .. .. „ .. .. 475 j Kane, Thomas .. .. .. „ .. .. 485 Waghorn, Reg. J. .. .. ,, .. .. 480 Livingstone, Theodora D. .. ,, .. .. 430 Joyce, Mary E. .. .. .. Tutor and Librarian.. .. 380 Thomas, Richard J. .. .. Lecturer's Assistant .. .. 210 Sheppard, Olive M. .. .. „ .. .. 210 Canterbury .. . • • • Purchase, John E. .. ,. Principal .. .. .. 750 Poison, John G... .. .. Vice-principal .. .. 625 Maxwell, Robert W. D. .. .. Assistant Lecturer .. .. 485 j Ironside, Annie F. .. .. ,, .. .. 460 | Jobberns, G. .. „ .. •• 495 Airey, Willis T. G. .. .. „ .. 480 Richmond, Helen .. .. „ .. .. 430 j Cornes, J. J. S. .. .. • • Tutor and Librarian.. .. 380 Otago .. .. • ■ • • Moore, John A. .. .. .. Principal .. .. .. 750 Macfarlane, Samuel G. .. Vice-principal .. .. 600 Fleming, James J. W. .. .. Assistant Lecturer .. .. 495 McLeod, Jane . • • ■ .. „ . • .. 475 Tucker, Arthur W. .. .. „ .. .. 525 Hudson, Erie R. .. .. „ • • • • 495 Woods, Alexander J. .. ,, .. .. 480 Harrison, Vera K. .. .. Tutor and Librarian .. 380 I Donn, Robert .. .. .. Drawing Instructor .. .. 495

E.—2

11. EXTRACTS FROM REPORTS OF PRINCIPALS OF TRAINING COLLEGES. AUCKLAND. I have the honour to submit my report for the year 1925. The organization for 1925 was practically the same as that for the preceding year, the annexe being used again exclusively for the women students, who worked part time there, part time at Wellesley Street. As before, we have been badly overcrowded, and some of the work has been carried on with difficulty. Under these conditions it has not been possible to develop work on the " project system at all systematically, although some good work has been done on this plan in history. The year has been notable for exceptionally good work in physical training, a higher standard having been reached than ever before, particularly on the men's side. It has been gratifying to hear from the physical instructors, who visit the primary schools throughout the district, that the good work being done in College is making itself felt throughout the country as our students go out to take up their positions as teachers. A distinct advance has been made this year in the study of nature. Weekly rambles have contributed to this result, and students are coming to find a deep interest in a subject that is often regarded only in a formal way. Next year we shall have an additional lecturer, who will be able to give considerable time to this important work. If we are so foutunate as to get a man capable of arousing and maintaining enthusiasm in nature-study the good work of this year will be carried further forward. A great deal of work has been done in general science and physiography. Some modification of this will be necessary in the future in order that due attention may be paid to school gardening when the opportunity is at hand for the practical side of the work. What I reported last year in regard to the poor equipment of some students is true also for science in 1925. These find it difficult to pursue a course well within the scope of others. It is, I think, a matter for serious consideration that so few of our students are availing themselves of the opportunity of taking a science course at the University College. The same applies to mathematics. As a good knowledge of these subjects is essential for teachers in district high schools, it is very desirable that a number should be making preparation for their future work by improving their qualifications with a University course. It is not difficult to find the cause of this weakness. The University courses in science require much more time from the students than do subjects like history, economics, and education, and attendance at laboratories is required at set hours, which are often inconvenient. As any University course in conjunction with a training-college course places on a student a heavy burden it is natural that students should avoid making it heavier than the regulations require, so they tend to avoid the sciences and mathematics and to select those subjects in which they are more hopeful of immediate success. The remedy lies, I think, in some specializing in the training for district high school and secondary work, with certain definite requirements insisted upon as to the balance of subjects selected for a course. This, together with a third year for the course, would easily effect the change desirable. As Principal it is one of my duties to approve of the subjects selected for University study by each student, and so I may be regarded as responsible for the position that is arising. I have no wish to shirk the responsibility, but Ido not feel justified in disregarding the awkward conditions which lead students to decide upon a course that is often, in my opinion, too narrow for their best development. Apart from this limitation, the University work of the year has been highly gratifying. Of the fifteen premiums awarded by the University College five came to our students, the subjects being education, history, philosophy, economics, and geology. It is gratifying to find the students of our College taking a prominent place in the University. To return to our College work, it is a pleasure to report on the good work done in English this year. The lecturer in this subject is showing fine power of developing appreciation of literature, and much good work has been done in this direction among our second-year students. The good effect should be far-reaching. For a second year we are indebted to Mr. D. B. Wallace for his voluntary services in conducting classes in Maori pronunciation. In drawing there is little doubt the students are gaining power. There is more confidence, more willingness to essay the difficult and to apply the art in varied directions. In the reports received from critic teachers on the work done by the students attached to their classes it has been very encouraging to me to read of the use students are making of their blackboard drawing in lessons in various subjects. This is also true of the handwork, where the aim has not been limited to development of skill in handling various materials, but has definitely given direction to the application of handwork in many ways. The improvement in practical teaching noted last year has been well maintained this year. Nothing could be more gratifying than the accumulating evidence from critic teachers that this important phase of College work is stronger than ever. From the outset it has been our main objective. The steady maintenance and advancement of the standard of this work reflects very favourably on our system, which pivots round model or observation lessons given in College to classes from the Normal School by six members of the staff. This year the work has been shared by the First Assistant and Headmaster of the Normal School, the Supervisor of students' teaching, the Lecturer on the teaching of infants, the Vice-Principal, and the Principal. These lessons have followed on lectures or class discussions on method, and themselves have been followed by discussions as to how far the lessons

42

E.—2.

given had suitable aims and successfully followed them. Such work, though exacting, is stimulating both to staff and students. The system makes for a live College —dynamic, not static. In their own periods of practical teaching the students show themselves generally keen to try out their own ideas developed from observation of the lessons in College. Generally speaking, the reports on the students' teaching testify to their enthusiasm and growing power in their work. Athletic and Social.—The year has been a very happy one in College. The Social Committee has carried through the usual season's programme with marked success. The general improvement in bearing, dress, &c., as a result of the College social life is marked. I have never felt better pleased with the results achieved than this year. Only those who come into close personal contact with the students can properly realize the value of the good work the College is doing in this way ; for those of us who know it is gratifying. The tone has never been finer, I think. In sport, too, the season has been a happy and successful one. Our trophies-cupboard is full of cups and vases won by College teams in various branches of sport. The chief distinction, of which the men are rightly proud, is the winning, for the first time in the history of the College, of the Rugby Union Second-grade Championship by our senior football team. Not one match was lost during the season. On the women's side special distinction was won in basket-ball, our teams winning the Auckland Championships in both first and second grades. On the whole the physique of the students and their keenness in healthy sport has been a feature of the year. Never before have so many persistently kept themselves fit. Outside Activities. —Among these it will be sufficient to note the students' visits to the invalided soldiers of the open-air shelters, to the Veterans' Home, and to the Papatoetoe Orphanage. A party to the orphan children of Richmond Road Home and the crippled children of the Auckland Hospital was held at the annexe at the close of the year. Hostel.—The hostel grows in success and usefulness. As soon as funds will permit additional hostels should be established to provide accommodation for all students not able to live at home. WELLINGTON. f have the honour to submit the following report on the work of the College for the year 1925 :— The following shows the enrolment since the establishment of the College in 1906:—

Last year I drew attention to the increasing proportion of men students, and suggested then that the proportion was " probably just as high as is desirable to meet the requirements of the service." It will be noted that this year the proportion is higher still. It is not possible, with the information at my disposal, to speak with any certainty, but I would suggest that the continued increase in the proportion of men students is worthy of consideration. While it is undesirable that there should be a shortage of men teachers in the service, such a condition would be less difficult than a shortage of women teachers. The teaching of infants must always be in the hands of women, while a reasonable proportion of women should be found in the upper departments. The wastage from the ranks of women teachers is very considerably in excess of that from the ranks of men teachers. Consequently if the number of women in the service is to be kept equal to, or greater than, the number of men it is necessary that the number of women among the entrants should be greatly in excess of the number of men. An examination of the above table will show that the matter, though perhaps by no means urgent, should not be lost to sight. Staff. —Our staff has been again increased, and now consists of Principal, Vice-Principal, nine lecturers, and two assistants. Counting these latter as equivalent to one lecturer, we have twelve full-time teachers for 345 students, giving an average of 28-75 students per teacher. This improvement in staffing has fully justified itself in that it has enabled us to adapt our methods to the individual requirements of students to an extent much greater than in the past. The reduction in the size of classes and the better supervision and direction of " circle " work have resulted in a marked improvement in the quality of the work done and in the confidence gained by the students. The success of our work must be in the main proportioned to the extent to which the student is, and feels himself to be, an active participant. Consequently, as indicated in my last report, our efforts are directed towards a greater activity on the part of the individual student; and these efforts have been effective because of the steady improvement in our staff.

7—E. 2.

43

Number of Students. Percentage of Roll. Year. j : : Men. Women. Total. Men. , Women. 1906 .. .. .. 12 34 46 26-1 73-9 1916 .. .. .. 21 93 114 18-3 81-7 1920 .. .. .. 44 142 186 23-7 76-3 1921 .. .. .. 49 147 196 25-0 75-0 1922 .. .. .. 74 203 277 26-7 73-3 1923 .. .. .. 67 227 294 22-8 77-2 1924 .. .. .. 100 223 323 30-9 69-J 1925 .. .. .. 120 224 344 34-9 65-1

E.—2

University Work. —The University classes attended by students were as follows : English, 56 ; Latin, 20 ; French, 19 ; education, 72 ; philosophy, 45 ; history, 72 ; economics, 21 ; Greek History, Art, and Literature, 3; geography, 7; mathematics, 11; geology, 2; chemistry, 1 ; physics, 1; botany, 2 ; zoology, 0 : total, 342. These classes were taken by a total of 161 students, while 183 students obtained their full course at the College. An analysis of the final terms examination results of Victoria University College shows that our students were credited with the following passes : Honours, 2 ; diploma, 3 ; first-class passes, 4 ; second-class passes, 60 ; third-class passes, 202. This is again a very satisfactory result. As far as was possible concessions were made in arranging the College time-table to give as much relief as possible to University students. But the extent of that relief was not very considerable. The work in a training college is essentially directed towards the professional training of the students for the work of teaching. Consequently no subject is taken merely for its content, but in large measure for its pedagogy. The University, on the other hand, is concerned primarily with content and with pedagogy not at all. Hence, even though the same subjects be taken at both the University and the Training College, it is not possible to exempt the student from attending in those subjects at the Training College. This professional approach to all subjects clearly distinguishes the work in a training college, and it is consequently incorrect to infer, as the recent Royal Commission inferred, that the Training College was to any great extent unnecessarily duplicating the work of the secondary schools on the one hand and of the University on the other. If every student before coming to us had completed a full secondary course, or even had graduated with honours from the University, we should still require to cover much the same ground and subjects as we do at present. This statement is not to be taken as indicating that the preliminary education of our students is a matter of indifference. On the contrary, it is a matter of capital importance, not because a full secondary school course, or even a University course, would render much of our work unnecessary, but because it would render that work much more effective. Consequently we hope that the policy of exacting an ever higher standard of scholarship from entrants to the Training College will be pursued. If, however, this be coupled with a curtailment of the professional course, we think no advantage will accrue. There is a still further characteristic that distinguishes our work from that of the University and of the secondary school. Both institutions are hampered by an external examination system preparation for which becomes inevitably the major aim. This being so, the content of subjects is emphasized and their cultural value is conceived to lie in the subjects themselves. The Training College, on the other hand, is not trammelled by an external examination system, and consequently can adapt its methods so as to exact from subjects their highest cultural value. It is with this object in view that we have largely superseded the lecture method by methods that make the student an active participator rather than a mere passive recipient. Certificates. —173 students completed their course of training in December, and on the joint results of examinations and College recommendations the following certificates were issued : Class B, 14 ; Class C, 125 ; Class D and part C, 34 : total, 173. In addition to these some thirty-eight students were sent into the schools as student-teachers after one year's training. This proceeding has been rendered necessary by the new regulations for the training of teachers. These regulations reduce the pre-college period to one year instead of two, and require a post-college period of one year. The transition from the old system can be effected only gradually, and by the curtailment of the Training-college course in the case of approximately 25 per cent, of the students. The reduction of the course to one year is exceedingly unpopular among both students and staff, and has occasioned a very considerable amount of dissatisfaction. The selection of the students for student-teacherships is far from being a simple matter. Viewed from one aspect we should select the best of our students ; but when almost all students earnestly desire the advantages of a second year's training the matter is far from simple. To select students because they have done very good work and have availed themselves of the full opportunities for training is to penalize merit, and pay a premium on inefficiency and laziness. On the other hand, to select the least capable and diligent is to do a disservice to the schools. Again, the latter class consists of just those who most require additional training ; but the former comprises those who would profit most by such training. The dilemma is a veritable " crocodilus," and the only possible proceeding is a compromise. Hence the Department instructed us to select student-assistants on the following basis : (a) Those who desire to leave the College, especially women students engaged to be married ; (b) students showing ready capacity for practical teaching. We endeavoured to comply as closely as possible with the Department's instructions, doing as little violence as possible to the welfare of the schools, the students, and the College. Students' Teaching Practice. —The principal change from that maintaining in 1924 was the allocation of the practice of the first-yea* students to Thorndon Normal School. The object of this was to secure that the first impressions of the students were as favourable as possible. The plan worked very well indeed, though the load carried by the teachers was somewhat heavy. I intend this year to lighten the load somewhat by sharing the work between both Normal Schools. New regulations on the lines urged in last report have been gazetted. All schools within reasonable distance of the College are, with the approval of the Senior Inspector, to be available for teaching practice. The extent to which we approve of this can be easily gleaned from my 1924 report. The regulations, however, are to be practically held in abeyance 'until 1927. There appears to be considerable disagreement as to the manner in which the new system is to be made to operate. Some —I may say most —consider we should select for student practice only those schools and teachers whose work will provide a model for imitation, and concentrate upon these. If this is done, then there will be no essential difference in the new system except that those who do the work will receive no recompense. They will still be required to direct students continuously, and their classes will continue to be largely in the hands of the 'prentice teacher.

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This, 1 am of opinion, is a mistake, not merely because teachers will object to carry a load which rightly should fall upon all, but because it is based on a wrong conception of the function this teaching practice is to serve. Educationists regard the training of the teacher as being based to but a slight extent on conscious imitation. They do not say that there is no room for imitation, but rather that teaching is an individual affair, and each teacher must ultimately evolve his own method. " Nothing," says Dewey, " has brought pedagogical theory into greater disrepute than the belief that it is identified with handing out to teachers recipes and models to be followed in teaching." In another place he says : " But methods remain the personal concern, approach, and attack of an individual, and no catalogue can ever exhaust their diversity of form and tint." This does not imply that there is no room for the teaching of method and for the demonstration of successful teaching—■" There exists a cumulative body of fairly stable methods for reaching results, a body authorized by past experience and by intellectual analysis which an individual ignores at his peril " —but it certainly implies that the training of the teacher must not be confined wholly, or even mainly, to the imitation of standardized lessons. For this reason I am strongly of the opinion that during part at least of a student's training he should have the opportunity of practising this " personal concern, approach, and attack " under guidance. Hence almost any class in almost any school will furnish the material for practice, provided there is adequate supervision. The Normal Schools can be relied upon for demonstration and for the first efforts of the student, but the main, and really most effective, practice of the student in his senior year might well be undertaken in the ordinary school under ordinary conditions. There would appear to be a fairly common opinion that our students do not get sufficient practice in teaching. If it is meant that they do not spend sufficient time in the class-rooms lam convinced the criticism is unfounded. If, however, the critics mean that the student does not get sufficient actual teaching practice, then lam inclined to agree. The reason for this is perfectly obvious. Last year I wrote, " At least a quarter of our students must be in the schools at one time if the requirements of the regulations are to be met. This means that throughout the whole year we must provide for the teaching practice of eighty students- —an average of two and a half per class-room. Not only is each teacher required to supervise and provide practice for these students, but his class must suffer the interruption and 'prentice efforts of the students continuously throughout the year. One or both of two things must result : the students' actual teaching must be curtailed or the class be allowed to suffer." My proposal would obviate this. Not more than one student at a time would be sent into each class-room, and 110 class-room would be used continuously. Thus it would be possible for the student to spend almost his whole time actively teaching, and because no class-room would be required for more than a few weeks in the year no ill effects would be suffered by the class. The system would require close and careful organization and supervision, and while it would be no more expensive than the present system I am convinced it would be much more effective. Social Life. — As in past years this aspect of College work received prominence. All the various societies —glee and dramatic clubs, Students' Christian Union, the College orchestra, debating societies, as well as the various sports clubs —had a very successful year. An additional club, the Appreciation Club, was organized and also had a good initial year. While attendance at most of these is optional, yet students clearly understand that no course of training can be considered complete unless it includes active participation in some one or more of them. The consequence is that an increasing number of students is developing interests that must stand them in good stead in developing their personalities as well as in equipping them to become social forces in the districts to which they are sent. The good effect of the work is shown in the increasing number of our ex-students who have established glee, dramatic, and other clubs in rural districts and small towns. CHRISTCHURCH. I have the honour to submit the following report on the Christchurch Teachers' Training College for the year ending 31st December, 1925 : — The Science Department made little change in its work. We received with pleasure a request from the Department to suggest changes in the C requirement. One recommendation we desire is that the subject " physiography "be deleted and " geography " inserted. Physiography has been valuable in so far as it enabled certain portions of geography to be taught. A suggested programme of work in geography was forwarded to the Department, a course that we consider very much better for teacher students, but so far no modification of the syllabus has been made. Additional time was given to physical geography at the expense of some of the more strictly geological portion of the syllabus. The course in agriculture and school-gardening was continued. We have not been able to carry out this portion of our work to our satisfaction owing to the difficulty of getting a suitable plot of ground. There are at present two proposals under consideration, one to use a portion of a school-site near Linwood Park, and another to endeavour to obtain the use of a piece of ground in the Botanic Gardens. It is our purpose to emphasize the aesthetic side of school-gardening rather than the more definitely agricultural side in the hope that students will feel impelled to do something to improve the appearance of school-grounds and form gardens where now none exist. It is pleasing to note that the students are better qualified academically—that is, more have a higher leaving-certificate or have passed the Matriculation Examination ; but I wish again to stress the fact that subjects of great importance to teachers are still receiving insufficient attention. Higher qualifications in Latin, French, and mathematics do not compensate for little knowledge in geography,

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history, and vocal music. Drawing shows little if any advance on the work done in primary schools. The majority of students make no use of the foreign language or the higher mathematics they have studied for many years, so that it does nor seem unreasonable to ask that more time should be given to those subjects that are more important. It is to be hoped sincerely that greater differentiation will be made in secondary schools between those who are destined for University work and those who will not pursue their studies at a University college after they leave school. For the latter a very much wiser course could be instituted, and the training colleges would be able to devote more time to professional preparation for the work of teaching. DUNEDIN. 1 beg to submit my annual report on the work of the Training College. University Glasses. —158 College students attended one or more classes at Otago University. The classes taken were : Pass-degree education, 83 students ; advanced education, 7 ; pass-degree English, 69 ; advanced English, 4 ; honours English, 1 ; Anglo-Saxon, 1 ; pass-degree French, 23 ; advanced French, 7 ; pass-degree Latin, 5 ; advanced Latin, 2 ; pass-degree history, 61 ; advanced history, 8; honours history, 1 ; pass-degree economics, 23; advanced economics, 1 ; pass-degree philosophy, 15 ; pass-degree mathematics, 9 ; advanced mathematics, 1 ; honours mathematics, 1 ; physics theory, 2 ; physics practical, 2 ; chemistry theory, 2 ; chemistry practical, 2 ; geology, 1. As a result of class and terms examinations College students gained 7 first-class, 74 second-class, and 207 third-class passes. Only 9 students failed to keep terms in at least one subject, and of these some almost reached a pass standard, so that even they benefited considerably by their attendance at the University. Staff Changes. —On the staff of the Normal School several changes have occurred. Normal School appointments have ceased to be attractive, and vacancies there have been found very difficult to fill. During the past year teachers were required for the kindergarten and secondary departments as well as for Model I. In the case of the two former positions it was found necessary to advertise a second time, and for the latter even a second advertisement faded to secure an entirely suitable applicant. As all these departments are in a very special sense adjuncts of the Training College, and exist or ly as specialized training-grounds for studerts, it can readily be realized to what extent "we have suffered this year through the number of changes and the difficulty and delay in filling them. I should like to see positions in the Normal and associated schools made more popular so that our best students would be pleased to return after a few years experience to take up work in them. At present the difference in salaries between these and ordinary appointments in the public schools is not commensurate with the increased responsibilities. A little extra money well spent in this connection would yield a rich return to the Dominion. General.—The conduct of students on the whole has been excellent. They have taken the keenest interest in all departments of College life, and their attitude towards both work and play has been highly satisfactory. College and University results as well as reports in teaching ability have reached a uniformly high standard. Few students who are finishing their college course this year should fail to give satisfaction to parents and education authorities. Sports. —Tennis and swimming were popular with large numbers of students, though as winter sports in this climate they often prove disappointing. I consider the sports of the College in a highly satisfactory condition from all points of view—the numbers actually playing, the keenness displayed in practices and matches, and the successes gained in competition with other city teams. Boxing. —In 1925 for the first time this became one of the recognized events in the intercollegiate tournament. Mr. Hendra organized a boxing club, which, under the able direction of Mr. Farquharson, of Signal Hill, practised in the gymnasium once a week for the greater part of the year. Dramatic Club, Glee Club, and Orchestra. —These are all new ventures which have done remarkably good and useful work during their first year. The Dramatic Club might be regarded as a section of the College class in English literature. Under Miss McLeod, who was very ably assisted by Miss Vickers and Mr. Fleming, the club presented a modern play in the Allen Hall. The net proceeds amounted to over £15. It is hoped that the Education Department will grant capitation on this amount. The whole is to be devoted to the purchase of English literature. The Glee Club, under the expert leadership of Miss Vickers, met frequently during the latter part of the session. The chief object of the club was to cultivate a taste for music. Social. —Under the management of the Students' Executive the social side of student life was well catered for. Successful picnics, socials, and dances were held, and the Executive is entitled to praise for the manner in which they organized and conducted all the social functions. Needs of the College.- Properly managed hostels. These should considerably increase the efficiency of the institution. Additional accommodation would also be of great advantage, new art and handwork rooms, and a large library where students might occasionally spend an hour, being very much needed.

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