EDUCATION: STATE CARE OF CHILDREN, SPECIAL SCHOOLS, AND INFANT-LIFE PROTECTION. [In continuation of E.-4, 1923.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1924 Session I, E-04

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1924. NEW ZEALAND.

EDUCATION: STATE CARE OF CHILDREN, SPECIAL SCHOOLS, AND INFANT-LIFE PROTECTION. [In continuation of E.-4, 1923.]

Presented to both Houses of the, General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

No. 1.-EXTRACT FROM THE FORTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION. State Care of Dependent and Delinquent Children and Infant-life Protection. The Special Schools Branch of the Education Department provides (1) for the maintenance, training, and general upbringing of neglected and homeless and orphan children committed by Courts to the care of the State, for the training of delinquent children and juvenile offenders, for the supervision of all young persons (male and female) placed on temporary probation by the Courts ; (2) for the supervision of all infants under the age of six years maintained apart from their parents or adopted with premium, for the general supervision of children for whose upkeep pensions are paid under the widows' pensions scheme, and for the investigation of applications for the adoption of children ; and (3) for the education and maintenance of all afflicted children —deaf, blind, feeble-minded, and for children with defective speech. The total number of children under the supervision of the State in 1923 was 4,925, classed under the following headings : — Boarded out, industrial schools, receiving-homes, efec. .. .. .. 3,692 Juvenile probation . . .. .. .. .. .. .. 227 Infant-life protection .. .. .. .. .. .. 684 Deaf children .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 106 Feeble-minded children .. .. .. .. .. .. 216 Total ./ .. .. .. .. .. 4,925 The number of children committed to the care of the State during the year was 313 ; classified according to reason for committal as follows : Destitution, 134 ; vagrancy, 10 ; associating with disreputable persons, 1 ; not under proper control, 88 ; uncontrollable (complaint by parents), 6 ; transferred from gaol, 11 ; accused or guilty of punishable offences, 46 ; and, in addition, 17 were admitted by private arrangement.

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Classified according to age at the time of admission the numbers are as follows : Under six months, 40 ; over six months and under one year, 15 ; from one to five years, 63 ; from five to ten years, 82 ; from ten to fourteen years, 63 ; and over fourteen years, 50. Numbers under Control. At the end of the year there were 3,692 children under control (excluding those mentioned under separate headings below), and of these 1.60 were in residence at Government receiving-homes, probation homes, training-farms, and training institutions, and 100 in private industrial schools ; 1,868 children were boarded out in foster-homes, 800 were in situations, and 488 residing under license with relatives and friends. The. remainder were in various homes or institutions. Of the boarded-out children 122 are over the age of fourteen years and are still attending primary schools, 36 are receiving higher education (16 technical and 20 secondary), and a. number are apprentices partly maintained by the State. The children over school age in employment number 622 males and 377 females (included in the total of 3,692). Of the males 465 are farm workers (100 skilled in dairy-work and cheesemaking and 365 competent to milk and carry out general farm-work), 49 are apprentices, and 108 others are employed in various trades. Of the girls there are 325 domestic workers, 25 factory employees, and 27 engaged in various employments such as shop-assistants, nurses, dressmakers, typists, &c. Juvenile Probation System. The functions of Juvenile Probation Officers are to assist the Courts in ascertaining the full facts regarding parents, conditions of homes, and environment of all children brought under the notice of the police, to supervise and befriend any juveniles placed on probation by the various Magistrates, and to undertake, on the application of the parents, the supervision of any children who are inclined to become uncontrollable. In addition, all male inmates of industrial schools or training-farms placed in situations, or with relatives or friends, are supervised by the Juvenile Probation Officers. There were 1,044 cases dealt with by the Courts in the principal centres of population throughout the year, and of these only 275 were actually admitted to receiving-homes or training institutions, 223 were placed on probation and supervised in their own homes, and the remainder were dealt with generally in a summary manner not calling for supervision by Probation Officers. Infant-life Protection and Adoption of Children. At the end of the year there were 684 children being maintained in 565 licensed foster-homes. Of these, 469 homes each had one child, 152 had two children each, and 51 homes had three each. The payments for the maintenance of each child ranged from ss. to £l 10s. a week, but the average rate of payment was approximately 14s. 6d. a week. Adoptions. During the year 364 children were adopted, and in 30 of these cases premiums were received by the Department's agents and paid out at the rate of 15s. a week for each child concerned. Of the total number of children adopted, 73 were under the age of six months, 38 between the age of six and twelve months, and 165 between the age of one and six years. Care and Training of Afflicted Children. School for the Deaf, Sumner. The pupils under instruction during the year numbered 129, and of these 31 were day pupils and 98 boarders. In 1920 special day classes for partially deaf children and for stammerers were established in Auckland, Wellington, and Dunedin, which have been continued with highly successful results. About 229 children attended the classes last year. Provision has also been made in these centres and in Christchurch for night classes for the instruction of the adult deaf, 102 persons afflicted in this manner attending the classes in 1923,

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Special Schools for the Feeble-mvmled. There are two such special schools—one at Richmond for girls, and one at Otekaike, near Oamaru, for boys. The number of girls in residence at Richmond at the end of the year was 64, and the number of boys at Otekaike 152.

No. 2. —REPORT OV THE OFFICER IN CHARGE, INDUSTRIAL AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS- BRANCH (INCLUDING AFFLICTED CHILDREN AND INFANT-LIFE PROTECTION). Silt, — I have the honour to submit the following report on the work of the Industrial anel Special Solioeils Branch for last ye:ar : — The Branch carries out the following phases of social-welfare: work : — (I.) Maintenance, supervision, and training of all destitute, dependent, anil delinquent children committed to the care of the State:. (2.) Supervision of children and juvenile; offenders placed em probation by the. Courts. (3.) Supervision of all infants under six years of age: maintained for payment apart from - their parents or guardians. (4.) Supervision of children in case;s where willows' pensions are paiel by the State:. (5.) Education and training of afflicted children over the ago of six years. The definition "afflicted" inoludes deaf, blind, or improvable: feeble-minded children, and children partially deaf or suffering from defective speech, and stammerers. The following figures show the number of children dealt with under the foregoing headings Nos. (1), (2), (3), and (5) :— £ Industrial schools, receiving-homes, and probation homes .. .. 3,692 Juvenile probation •. •. •. • ■ .. .. .. 227 Infant-life protection .. .. .. .. .. .. 684 Afflicted children — Deaf .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 106 Feeble-minded .. .. .. ... .. .. .. 217 4,926 BOARDING-OUT SYSTEM. The majority of the children oommitted to the care of the State' are not detained in institutions, but are beiarded out in foster-homes situated mainly in suburban areas and. in districts in close; proximity to the smaller centres of population. At the: end of the year there we:re 1,868 ohildren boardeel out—l,Bll from Government receiving-homes and 57 from private industrial schools (Roman Catholic). Arranged according to the; ages of the children the numbers at 31st December, 1923, are as follows : Under five years, 341 ; from five" to ten years, 705 ; from ten to twelve years, 342 ; from twelve to thirteen years, 184 ; from thirteen to fourteen years, 174 ; and over fourteen years, 122. These: numbers include nearly 400 epidemic orphans of all ages, who are placed mainly with relatives. it is pleasing to note that the authorities of private industrial schools (especially St. Mary's, Auckland) have adopted the boarding-out system to a limited extent for tho purpose of providing for the children belonging to these schools. Tho rate paid to the foster-parents for the maintenance of each child is 15s. a week, but for infants under twelve months 17s. 6d. a week is paid. Each child is provided with a very complete initial outfit, the foster-parents being required to maintain the: clothing at this staneiard. Medieial attendance, medicines, and dentistry are provided by the Department, as also arc school-books and school stationery. Upon Boarding-eiut Officers and Managers of Receiving-homes rests the responsibility of selecting proper homes and of supervising the inmates in these homes. No hard-and-fast rules can bo laid down as to the type of home to be selected, or the number of times a home shoulel be: visited, or the methods of supervision. Much depends upon the personality, ability, and intuition of the officer concerned. Frequent visiting is aelvocated in the interests of the children, and as a general rule this is carried out; but the Department arranges a further safeguard by obtaining confidential reports every quarter from the headmasters or class-teachers of the: schools which the ohildren attenel. Wherever possible, arrangements are also made for Ideal.honorary Lady Visitors to visit the foster-homes monthly, eir more frequently if necessary, and generally keep a friendly eye on the children concerned. For certain types of dependent children there is no question that the boarding-out system is superior to all other systems of dealing with them. The fact that under the boarding-out system children have the opportunity of growing up as ordinary members of the community under decent conditions is in itself sufficient to commend tho system apart from any other consideration in its favour.

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Associated with boarding out, it is essential that there; should be cottage homes where a preliminary training in correct habits and eliscipline may be carried out. This is provided for in the receivinghomes for children and older girls, and in probation homes for boys. As these homes arc of limited capacity, the period for which any one: child is kept in residence is necessarily limited, but further provision is made at the Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa, and at the Caversham Industrial School for the accommodation for periods up to twelve months (or longer if necessary) of boys and girls respectively who after a trial at board fail to do well. Juvenile Probation System. The results obtained during the past seven years have proved beyond doubt the efficacy of probation under proper supervision as a means of reforming the large number of boys and youths who, on account of the lack of proper home conditions, would, but for the intervention of the Department, drift into a career of crime and general lawlessness. To be successful as a Probation Officer a man must have exceptional qualifications : he must possess initiative, be sympathetic though firm, and must at all times be prepared to devote the whole of his time to his work. For the man who carries out his duty properly there can be no fixed hours —he must be prepared to respond at all times to any call for assistance or advice. Probably the most important part of a Probation Officer's work lies in home-visiting, anel in many cases he is called upon to insist on reforms on the part of the parents and in the home conditions as a necessary aid in the reformation of the boy. The numbers dealt with by the Juvenile Probation Officers in the main centres during last year totalled 1,044, and were dealt with as shown in the following table : —

In another part of this report the; particulars showing the revenue and expenditure in connection with the Costley Training Institution Trust are published. Under the will of the late Edward Costley a sum of money was set aside for the purpose of assisting State children during their periods of apprenticeship or for purposes enabling such ohildren to receive secondary education. At a later period the purposes of the Trust were varied to include any deserving child (not a State ward) who is recommended for assistance by the Department's local welfare officer.

District. , H a if i I I* ! a o fl 03 __ H ' II o fl [ fl* i * i 111 _ ir, H I U CO 0, P4 Ph O d >, : >._ O 2 I 2 sM o ! o w p 8* : g"d 9 S 9 9 s.2,_ CB CB CO _H H , H :s •3 d -d CB , .d-a drf -a) d V S I I 1 I _ -S 3 o -d H fl -3 1 si _ to — t-i 35 O CB CB CO * _ _ « -3 „ CB Co CB . CB •e d 'B a.2 a Ohh O CB CB t5 e_ o tH -_ I I CB r_) M O O £1, EM V -ft °d -d _» ■oS j S ° d O CB 0, V a OoC § Sco CB North Auckland Auckland South Auckland Wanganui Hawke's Bay Palmerston North Wellington Nelson West Coast Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland 3 .. ! 47 .. i < 15 2 5 1 37 22 2 ' : 31 .. 1 10 6 26 .. [ 16 1 I 28 .. '. 19 .. : 2 1 2 43 1 7 6 25 124 12 2 ' 5 8 23 2 10 9 15 16 8 ii .. 2 2 3 7 2 4 1 1 4 2 3 5 5 2 13 37 3 1 7 11 24 46 26 2 1 3 1 2 14 3 1 5 _| 2 i 1 1 1 I 3 '.'. 1 2 9 ! 4 13 7 I 2 , 39 i ■i -2 3 3 1 2 1. 3 1 2 1 Totals i 265 6 j 2: 223 4 257 25 j 5 83 \ 11 20 10 9 25 6 j 2 25 District. 3 _- g O 3 a _? O I © 113 a o cO > o> r5_ * a! I l OS _f a I P cd ccj ci T3 T3 _■ _! T_ bl) -fl 60 CD O M <M S-t ** . -i 5 °3 "fl =3 .a _ ■ .a« grd By-law ■ Cases. Brea aches of the Del Act. fl o -r. I II fence n etc .y-fl _. o S'rr, o-d CB Is P s R CO o _ a —■ _> 3 CO H P, -6 CB ■% 5 9 1 M fl A £ CO i 1 O H North Auckland ;. Auckland South Auckland Wanganui Hawke's Bay Palmerston North Wellington Nelson. West Coast Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland i '3 2 2 2 1 1 7 2 " 3 2 5 i 5 4 " I " 37 253 44 22 71 59 123 20 24 99 75 118 99 9 ' .. I 2 3 17 3 3 2 i i 1 8 2 4 2 1 Totals 27 ; 7 2 4 3 23 4 16 I I 1 8 2 1,044 i

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By an arrangement with the Auckland Branch of the Y.M.C.A. a Home providing accommodation for not less than ten was established in vVuckland, and to this Home the Department after careful selection admitted ten State wards, who are now receiving secondary education. For each boy so maintained a contribution is made from the Costley Trustees. On the one hand, the Y.M.C.A. is responsible for the general management of the Home and the supervision generally of the boys, while, on the other hand, the Department's welfare officer watches the progress of the boys at the secondary school. The system is working exceedingly well, and, thanks to the personal and generous interest take:n scheme by the Trustees of the fund and the officials of the Y.M.C.A., every opportunity is given the boys to become decent and useful citizens. Assisted Service, Higher Service, and Employment of State Children over School Age. An important part of the work carried out by Managers of Institutions, Boarding-out Officers, and Juvenile Probation Officers is the placing of State children in suitable avenues of employment. On the care and discrimination exercised by these officers in this work depends the future of the children, and also the question whether, when they reach the adult stage, these young charges will become assets or liabilities to the State. The Department is fully alive to the importance of this particular phase of the work, and, as a matter of fact, reviews the action taken in each individual case. As a general rule these young people are encouraged to take up rural occupations, as experience has shown that for the majority of lads who are taken from the crowded city areas life in the country offers the best chance of permanent reformation. There is a considerable number, of course, who arc eminently suitable for trades and similar occupations, and for these: the: Department finds suitable openings. In the case of the latter considerable difficulty is experienced in boarding them in suitable homes ; probably this difficulty could be got over to a certain extent by utilizing part of the accommodation at each receiving-home and probation home for the purpose of housing these young people in the early stages of apprenticeship at least. At the end of 1923 there were 55 inmates at service receiving assistance (assisted service in most cases refers to apprenticeship). There were 36 children receiving post-primary education —30 secondary and 16 technical. In addition, there were 84 children over the age of fourteen years still attending the public schools and being maintained by the Department. Nature of Employment at 31st December, 1923, of Boys having left School. At the end of the year there were 465 farm workers —100 skilled in dairy and farm weirk, and 365 others competent to carry out general farm-work. There were 49 boys apprenticed, as follows : 12 cabinetmakers, 6 bootmakers, 5 carpenters, 4 tinsmiths, 3 plasterers, 3 blacksmiths, 2 motor engineers, 2 electrical engineers, 2 coachbuilders, 1 jockey, 1 wireworker, 1 ironmoulder, 1 printer, 1. basketmaker, 1 boilermaker, 1 plumber, 1 draper, 1 brassfounder, and 1 engine-driver. Boys otherwise employed (not apprenticed) totalled 108, as follows: 30 factory hands, 11 labourers, 9 shop-assistants, 8 clerks, 8 message-boys, 6 telegraph messengers, ti bakers, 4 painters, 4 motor mechanics, 2 drivers, 2 warehouse hands, 2 gardeners, 2 railway employees, 1 domestic duties, 1 saddler, 1 bootmaker, I plumber, 1 basketmaker, 1 coachbuilder, 1 cycle-worker, 1 optician, 1 butcher, 1 grocer, 1 seaman, 1 seagrass-worker, 1 coach-painter, and 1 blacksmith. Nature of Employment at the 31sl December, 1923, of Girls having left School. There were 325 domestics ;25 factory employees; and 27 in other employment, as follows : I I tailoresses, 3 dressmakers, 3 shop-assistants, 2 waitresses, 2 clerks, 2 bookbinders, 1 dentist's assistant, 1 furrier hand, 1 photographer's assistant, and 1 telephone-exchange employee. This gives a total of 377 girls employed. Admissions during 1923. During the year 313 children were committed to the care of the Department, as compared with 410 for the previous year. The following table shows the new admissions classified according to age : — Boys. Girls. Total. Under six months .. .. .. .. 24 16 40 Over six months and under one year .. .. .. 9 6 15 One year to five years .. ' .. .. .. 35 28 63 Five years to ten years .. .. .. .. 45 37 82 Ten years to fourteen years .. .. .. 48 15 63 Over fourteen years .. .. .. .. ..37 13 50 Totals ..' .. .. .. ..198 115 313 Table 14 attacheei to this report shows the now admissions classified according to the causes of admission. Of the total number (313), 134 were destitute, 88 not under proper control, and 46 had been charged with punishable offences. Of the children admitted under these headings, all except 46 were placed out in foster-homes before the end of the year. Table 17 gives particulars of the: character or state of the parents at the time of the admission of the children. From this table I have selected the following figures showing (1) the number eif children of drunken parents, and (2) the number of children of feeble-minded parents.

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Admission of Children during -1923 on account of the Drinking Habits of one or both Parents. Drunken mother .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 Drunken father .. .. .. .. .. 25 Both parents drunkards .. ■ .. .. .. .. 2 34 Admission of Children during 1923 on account of Mental Deficiency of one or both Parents. Memtally deficient mother .. .. .. .. 11 Mentally de:ficie;nt father . . . . . . . . .. 3 Both parents defective mentally .. .. .. .. .. 4 18 The following figures show tho number of committals to industrial schools for the past twelve years : .1912, 405 ; 1913, 328 ; 1914, 405 : average for four years before tho war, 382. 1915, 453 ; 1916,436; 1917,358; 1918,381; 1919,864; 1920,535; 1921,528; 1922,410; .1923,313: average for nine years after the commencement of the war, 475 (excluding epidemic orphans, the average is 431). It is significant that although the number of juveniles appearing before the Court last year is comparable with the: numbers for the previous year, yet the number of children committed to the care of the State under the provisions of the Industrial Schools Act shows a reduction of 97 on the previous year's figures. In hard cash this represents a saving of at least £3,000 to the taxpayers, anel from the social point of view is a clear indication of the: value of the preventive or social adjustment work that is being carried on all over the Dominion by the, Juvenile Probation Officers, District Agents under tho infant-life-protection system, and Boarding-eiut Officers. An analysis of the new admissions for last year, grouped accoreiing to the characters or state of the: parents at the: time of admission, is interesting, for the results seem to indicate that, generally speaking, the child who is admitted on account of destitution or orphanhood, or whose parents have deserted him, comes either from an undesirable home or from morally unwholesome surroundings ; while, on the other hand, tho child who commits an offence: against the law and is regarded as a delinquent comes almost invariably from a good home. On more than one occasion the Department has been criticized for permitting orphans and destitute children to remain even as a temporary measure in the various probation or adjustment homes where juvenile delinquents are also detained, but in view of the facts disclosed in the following tables it is evident that in some instances at least there is need rather to protect the young offender from the pernicious influence of the orphan or destitute child who may have been rescued from drunken or immoral home conditions. For purposes of comparison three tables have been prepared showing--- (I) Children admitted on account of destitution ; (2) children found to be not under proper control, or reported as uncontrollable by the parents ; and (3) children charged with offences against the law. In each case the parents have been divided into the following groups : (I) Dead, deserter, or unknown; (2) gooel character ; (3) bad or questionable character, including drunkards, feeble-minded, or physically unfit. Particulars of Parentage : 1923 Admissions. 134 destitute children, representing 93 families. Character of parents described as, —

Particulars of Parentage : 1923 Admissions. 122 uncontrollable children, representing 85 families. Character of parents described as, —

father Mother .. ioth parents Dead, Deserter, or unknown. 28 8 8 Good. 12 27 7 Bail, questionable, Drunkards, feebleminded, and physically unfit. 18 23 20

Dead, Deserter, or unknown. (loud. Bad, questionable. Drunkards, feebleminded, and physioally unfit. u ml. krroe hi 1. uouii. L. mi iin<] led, phyi rsioi Father Mother Both parents 16 19 6 i I 1.4 12 17 15 14 17

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Particulars of Parentage : 1923 Admissions. 57 children accused or guilty of offences, representing 56 families. Character of parents described as, —

Probation Work : Big Brother Movement. Over two years ago an organization known as the Big Brother Movement was inaugurated in Auckland by the; Y.M.C.A. for the- purpose eif arranging fen- the- supervision of juvenile- offenders by young men selected for this purpose-. Each case is investigated in the first, place by the Juvenile Probation Officer, who reports the facts fully for the guidance- of the Big Brother, who supervises the' boy and reports monthly through the secretary of the Y.M.C.A. to the- Juvenile Probation Officer. The: results have been most gratifying. So far there have: been few failures, as the following report, from the Juvenile Probation Officer in Auckland indicates :— "Tilt; Big Brother Movement was inaugurated by the Y.M.C.A. in conjunction with the Auckland Office of the Department about the beginning of 1922. Young men of reputable character art; chosen by the Y.M.C.A. to act as Big Brothers. Each Big Brother visits regularly the home of the boy allotted to him, and thus sees the boy's home conditions. He seeks the aid and co-operation of the parents, takes a keen interest in the boy's doings during his spare time, and generally tries to give the boy a healthier interest in life by linking him up with some sports team and encouraging him, when his education requires it, to attend night classes. "The movement was at first tried out with four boys and four Big Brothers. All through 1922 the: movement was gradually expanded until by the beginning of 1923 all the non-Catholic boys placed on probation by the Court were placed under the Big Brother Movement. During 1923 the following figures will perhaps explain the extent of the work done ; — Number of children before the Court .. .. .. .. .. 260 Number placed on probation, . . .. .. .. .. 62 Number placed on probation who proved not amenable to Big Brother treatment and had to be committed .. .. . . .. .. 4 Number of calls made by Big Brother to boy, or boy to Big Brother .. 690 " Sixty-two boys were supervised, and of this number only four wore so difficult to control that it was found necessary to commit them to an institution. " The figures for this year (1924) to Ist June are as follows : — Number of boys before tho Court .. .. .. .. .. 105 Number placed on probation .. .. .. .. .. 27 Number placed on probation who have proved not amenable to Big Brother treatment .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 Number of calls made by Big Brother to boy, or boy to Big Brother.. .. 832 " Since the inception of the Big Brother Movement the individual services of seventy-five Big Brothers have been utilized. The number of boys from the Court dealt with by the Big Brother Movement between Ist January, 1923, ami Ist June, 1924, is eighty-nine. Preventive cases dealt with bring this number up to 102. The number of failures in the same period —that is, boys who were being supervised by the Big Brothers and were committed to a State institution—number 5." Last year the Big Brother Movement was taken up by the Roman Catholic authorities in Auckland, and now a carefully arranged system under the Rev. Father Bradley is functioning successfully. It is also gratifying to be able to record that the Big Brother Movement has been extended to the other chief centres of population —Wellington, Christchurch, and Dunedin—and to the smaller centres, such as Wanganui and Palmerston North. This movement may, I think, be regarded as the most important contribution on progressive lines that has been made of recent times by private effort to the community welfare work of the Dominion, and marks the beginning of a system providing for sympathetic and practical co-operation between the Department's welfare officers and members eif social organizations, a beginning that it is hoped will develop and extend in the direction of provieling in the incipient stages for the friendly supervision, guidance, anel assistance by private effort of the; whole of the small army of young people whei through the indifference of the parents, improper home conditions, or lack of proper environment are likely to develop along antisocial lines or become liabilities instead of assets to the State. Infant Mortality and Supervision of Illegitimate Children. The return of deaths among illegitimate children under one year published in this report is a clear indication that further steps shoulel be: taken to preserve the lives of illegitimate infants. Last year the number of illegitimate births in the Dominion was 1,260, while the number of deaths during the year was ninety-one, equal to 72-2 per 1,000. Compared with the death-rate among infants

Dead, Deserter, or unknown. Good. Bad, questionable, Drunkards, feebleminded, and physically, unfit. Father Mother Both parents 5 8 15 21 11 9 3 8

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born in wedlock (23-5 per thousand) the difference is startling and calls for some definite measures to prevent this human wastage. Out of .1,260 illegitimate births during the year only 185 were placed in licensed foster-homes under the supervision of the Department's officers, as provided for under Part V of the Infants Act, and of this number 2 died. The death-rate among illegitimate infants supervised by the State during last year was, therefore, 10-81 per 1,000. Taking the total number of infants (both legitimate and ilkgitimate) under twelve months (396) supervised by the. State during last year, and the number of deaths (2) eluring the same period, the rate per 1,000 is 5*05.

Schools for the Feeble-minded. Numbers at 31st December, 1923.

Particulars of Expenditure for the Year, 1923-24.

The net expenditure for the year 1922-23 was £8,262. The recoveries for the year compared with the previous year show a decrease of £766, so that the gross cost is much the same as for 1922. I have, &c, J. Beck, The Director of Education. Officer in Charge, Special Schools Branch.

No. 3.—SCHOOL FOR, THE DEAF, SUMNER, REPORT OP THE DIRECTOR. Sir, — I have the honour to lay before yem my report for the year 1923. The number of pupils under instruction eluring the year is slmwn in tabulated form hereunder : — Boys. Girls. Total. Pupils of 1922 that returned to the: schoeil .. .. .. 47 19 96 Admitted during 1923 .. .. .. .. ..14 11 25 Left during tho school year .. .. .. .. 5 3 8 On the roll at the end of the school year .. .. .. 56 57 113 Received instruction during the year . . .. .. 66 63 129 Of the 113 pupils on the roll it is expected that 52 boys and 51 girls will return in 1.924. There; were 90 pupils in residence, and there were 23 day pupils at the close of the: school year. The numbers attending the special classes were as follows : — Aucklanel. Wellington. Dunedin. Received instruction ... .. .. ..40 43 42 Left during the year .. .. .. .. 1.7 20 19 On the roll . . . . .. . . .. 23 23 23 Most, of the children attending these classes are part-time pupils.

Richmond. (Girls.) Otekaike. (Boys.) Total. I In residence On vacation At service In hospital In probation homes • 57 7 1 132 12 2 1 5 189 19 3 1 5 Totals 65 152 | 217

Item. Otekaike. Richmond. Total. Salaries Advertising Maintenane-.e of buildings .. Maintenance of institutions Additional buildings £ 4,349 15 346 2,881 15 £ 1,718 J. 38 1,304 45 £ 6,067 16 384 4,185 60 Travelling-expenses 7,606 3,106 10,712 513 Less recoveries 11,245 2,222 Net cost to I lepartmont £9,023

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At the School for the Deaf and at the spe:cial classes 254 pupils received instruction during the year. On the 28th February, Mr. J. E. Stevens, Director of the School, retired on superannuation. Mr. Stevens laboured in this school for thirty-six years, during sixteen of which he was its Director. In all his work he displayed marked ability, fine enthusiasm, and an ever-ready sympathy for those afflicted with deafness. He carried into retirement the earnest, good wishes of those left to carry on the work, as well as the gratitude and good will of tho many pupils who benefited by his instruction and advice. During the year, apart freun a mild epidemic of influenza and a few cases of whooping-cough, the health of the pupils was good. Of the: pupils who left, at the end of the year it may safely be claimed that they received an education that will enable them to take their places with reasonable success alongside their hearing follows in whatever walks of life they may enter on. At the: Homo Economics Exhibition held recently in Christchurch the -pupils of this school exhibited specimens of needlework, art needlework, and woodwork. The exhibit was highly spoken of by visitors and by the members of the Home Economics Association. The attendance at the special classes at Auckland, Wellington, and Dunedin indicates that, these classes have fully justified their establishment. They are attended by children that are hard of hearing, children who have lost their hearing but not their speech, children with defective articulation, ohildren who stammer, and. those adult deaf who desire instruction in the: art of lip-reading. The staffing of those classes is a drain on the staff at Sumner, and it is hoped that some arrangement may be come to by which students from training colleges may be trained at Sumner for work in the special classes. The work might later be extended for the sake of children outside the: four centres who are afflicted with serious speech-defects. The classes in the four centres for instructing the adult deaf in the art of lip-reading have been attended by a number of very persevering and enthusiastic people;. In some cases quite elderly people have developed into reasonably expert lip-readers. These classes can dei an important weirk. Deaf people by reason of their affliction live in a restricted environment. They tend to become selfcentred, to become depressed, and to lose touch with their fellows. The substitution of lip-reading for hearing gives them a great uplift in life. In aeldition, deaf people tend in many cases to unduly lower their voices, and to clip off word-endings. If training is not given and care not exercised indistinct speech becomes an added handicap to their social intercourse. I take this opportunity of testifying to the good, work done by members of the staff, anel to the alacrity and cheerfulness that have marked the performances of their duties. I have, (fee, J. M. B. Ceawfoed, The Director of Education, Wellington. Director, School for the Deaf. EXPENDITURE ON THE SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF, 1923-24. £ £ Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. ..5,210 Advertising, <fcc. .. .. .. .. .. .. 37 Maintenance; of pupils anel sundry expenses .. .. .. 2,013 Travelling-expenses . . .. ■ . . .. .. .. 170 Maintenance of builelings, furnishing, e&c. .. .. .. 240 7,670 Less parental contributions and amount received from Hospital and Charitable Aid Boards .. .. .. .. .. 2,477 Income from investments .. .. .. .. .. 55 Sales of farm-produce .. .. .. .. .. 10 2,542 Net expenditure .. .. .. .. £5,128 The net expenditure for the year 1922-23 was £6,423.

2-E. 4.

E.—4.

No. 4.—STATISTICS: INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL AND PROBATION SYSTEM, AND SPECIAL SCHOOLS. Table I1.—Expenditure on Industrial Schools and Probation System, 1923-24.

10

£ 0 3I8'383| •• | •• •• • •• " •• •' "• •• •• •• (jsoo 5 I S08'fS 6 I 106 '3 '• " " " '• " "" " " " '■ " Stl03U"B[I3DSIJ\[ 3 II ill • •• •• '• •• •• " '• •• •• sjgjno (juaiogao; i 31 386'9 '■ '' " '■ " "02S 1 'Suupoio ioj sSuiujBa 9 81 386'3 " " " " " " " " " " " " " "" aonpojd-utJBj jo sajBg S 8 118' IS " " " " " " " •' " " " " ■-sjaqjo pnB s}uajB<j 8 I ill'ill S3IJ3AOD3J ssa'j g f ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ • •' ' ' • • • • • ■ • • '' '' '" • • • • ■ ■ sasuadxa {BAoraaa puB jajsuuij, 0 0 003 ' ' '' '' '' '' '' *' " * '' " " ' ' ' '' '' Xrasmji {Bjjuapisay; o; hhbiq •* •• •• •• *' ' * •* •* •• ■■ "* ' * "* •• •• *' •* •• saiouaSuijuo^ g jj g • ■ | •• • • • • ' • '" ' ' • • • • • • • • * ' ' ' '" *" • • "" ' • • • • • sauBjqFj g 9T fQ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ •• •• •• •• •' • • •• ■' • • ■•SlSOO-.tt.121 o o 31 ' ' '' '' '' '' '' ' ' '' ' ' '' ' ' '' ' ' '' '' ' ' '' '' '' jo 0 II 9f0'9 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " sasnadxa-Suiji9A-BJx 3 f I 333' I ' ' ' ' '' '' * ' *' ' ' '' ' * '" " ' 'sajjsmbai aaigo q g ggj •• •• •• ■■ •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• • -sSuiujea jo pnnjajj 1 g j • ■ ■ • • • ■ • • • ■ • • • ■ ■ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • sKianiAi'd aouBuajuiBin jo pimjag 8 8 f3i'S i .. i 8 f83' I ' ' '' ' ' '' '' ' ' '' ' ' '' ' ' ' ' '' '' '' ' ' '' snoauB([aosij<j[ j e oj-f-'f " " - pg *S0 g0(55'sajojs jBajaao mojj -pi [ "sgj fff'ffi raojj '-02J 'gtrrqjojo jo sanssj —aoiAjas !j"B sa^BHinj 6 II Sf3'fl I 9 IS3'8 " *' '* '* " " " *' ' "" - 02p Ajjsrjuap'aanBpaajjB [Boipani'auiaipaj^ I 91 818'3 " "• " " " " " " -pi -S8I 1082'S8J<ns jBj;uao mojj i-sgi iio'ZSf'suoiwjisto uiojj '-02?'Sniqioio JO sanssj g g ■ • ■ • • • • ■ ■ • • • • • • ■ • • • • • • ' ■ • ■ ■ ' IlOISSfUfUlOO SB JU9UI}.IBda(J 0| rt)UGUJAB ( [ 8 II 89®' '9 " " " " " " " Hjnared-jajsoj ot ajirant&y; •p - s y —uajpjtqo JO ino-SmpjBog 01 fl 881 'OS '' " " '* " ' " " " " " ' S3SJUU § n !}! s ! A 'sjaogjo uoijBqoij 'saueoq jo sjjujs ,o sauBjBg g 933 'l '" " * '* *' * " "" * *" ** *' "* *" s§uipjmq siiBdajj f 81 esi'i l L Si9'0I 0 0 iS II ei fff'S 0 8I IIO's' t T-I 9f8'83 II 6 083*31 e 1" 990' II "I ■" " " " " " " sibjox g fl og -JO • • • • • • • • 9 f I 98 -*0 •" 9 fisr« 9 S 0 • • " 0 il S'Jfl 0 £ SS'JO ' • ■ ■ ' • 8lno H t:8ub.i0 a X CQBHSJ8A«3 II L 9S9 6 9 fZl'Z " II fl 919 9 91 i9S 0 f 2fL'£ 6 I 88 L'Z 8 Z 096 Z 0 91 8 II IS Z 01 61 6 Z 9f 9 Z 081 Z 91 908 01 Zl ZL£ looqog nptq 8 si 18 •* " " " 8 81 18 *• 8 81 18 9 II 9 ** " 8 L 9Z " " 4 o in o h s.uajpnq^ -BOJBJ8 \\ 'OIJBJ i 31 108 '3 f 81 IOi'1 01 n KH3' I 01 81 i9 i ft SiO'S f 91 I08'l 8 81 8i3'8 8 31 08 f il If 8 3 fl i 01 fi8 II 3 6f3 I Z S88'l 0 01 SiS "S u i u i b'j x .siog 6 r 888 •• " " " 6 I 888 •' 6 I 888 01 0 II 8 i « 1 ft 15 II S 13 1 9 19 6 81 9 II 31 fil xnpauno; 8 6 °I8 t f 6t£ 8 8 8 6 f 691 01 91 191 8 f fOO'l i I U9 8 3 888 9 61 88 01 I fl I 01 31 01 6 8 01 fl Oi 3 8 f '*0, 01 81 361 " q>xnqoisiiqo 9 Zl £Zf " " " 9 31 83f " 9 31 83f I 91 91 S II 8 I II I II 9 0 8 0 19 f 61 f I j 9 S 038 uojgmiiaAY n 8 9°f " " " " II 8 9Sf " II 8 9Sf 6 8 68 6 91 fS 8 91 9 II 81 01 0 9 98 3 01 08 8 II if3 " pn^ony S.) Ul 11 j | (101 1 Hi) O.I ( j f 9 i'9 i 8 63f 'I 9 'I 0 I ei 881 6 81 IfS 8 I 88i'3 . 9 81 SS8'I 6 i f86 f 01 88 01 0 03 01 91 9 0 31 f 01 II iSI 9 61 ff8 S 91 188 q.«nqaisuqo o e 091 01 I 388 '• f 01 888 9 91 II I fl iff' I II SI f66 3 81 3Sf 6 fl 0 9 81 8 0 91 0 " 9 f 38 f 8 ISS . 01 I OS " uosp^ 0 61 i6S 0 f 8If ' I "• II 3 SSI 6 1 OiS 8 81 SSf'S 8 i SSf'l 9 9 IIO'l I 81 Sf S 31 98 6 fl fl f 8 16 OS S9f 01 SI ISS " 9 6 863 S 91 00° " I 3 88 I fl 38 9 3 SI6 01 81 601 8 8 SOS 9 i 8 S 31 31 0 S 88 f f 6 I 01 Sf I 31 SSf 8 SI 861 ' ' muBguB A v 1 6 308 9 f OfS'l " I 0 961 I 01 9*3 8 f S86'l 9 31 SSf'l 6 II 6fS 0 81 08 8 SI 13 1 31 8 0 8 0 II S 19 I 31 8S3 9 6 311 " JSidefl; 3 f f c 3 f 8 380' I 01 81 If 6 8 881 01 fl fit II 6 If3'3 8 3 803' I 8 I 6S0'I 8 II 03 3 0 68 S 31 8 S II I II 81 Sf 0 II 6fi 6 SI 081 " nonjuiBH G Z Zlf " 8 I 8S S fl 93 9 81 96f " 9 81 96f [ 8 I f 61 93 8 il 3 3 91 If I 81 36 8 SI 08 0 81 f63 pnuppny •p -s - 3 -p -s 3 -p *s j -p -s 3 -p "S J -p -s j | -p -s j -p -s 3 p -s 3 -p -s 3 -p *s 3 -p -s 3 -p s 3 -p -s 3 -p -s 3 —satnoq-SmAiaoajj i -fzei/S'ie ' SJ ' Kio vV !(,0 ' I<I i -.wtaj-k; -pjuoji -*wrea • M n„puo a x a csan.s! . WI Wsm : WI -„ s j'-"j™ pTO P-&0 (jDnpaci j | j ' 8U !^!P°K

E.—4

11

In connection with the foregoing table it should be borne in mind that there are really only two residential institutions in our industrial-schools system—the Boys' Training-farm, Weraroa, for boys, and a section of the Caversham Industrial School for girls. The receiving-homes and probation homes are regarded as clearing-houses, where children are, admitted for short periods for observation and treatment, if necessary, prior to being placed in ordinary homes in the community or in situations. - These homes arc also ntilizod — (I.) For housing children who for various reasons are changing from one home or situation to another, or who are sent in from country districts for medical or dental treatment, &c.; (2.) For children and young persons passing through from either centres or districts ; and (3.) For girls and young women in situations who'-epend their weekly hall-holiday and occasional week-end days with the Matron of the home. The average numbor of children in residence at these homes is comparatively small, but an approximation of the work of the homes is given in the following return : —

Average Cost of maintaining Industrial-school Inmates for Year ending 31st March, 1924. £ s. d. Gross oost of maintaining industrial-school inmates .. .. .. .. 117,117 7 8 Plus excess of liabilities, 31st March, 1924, over those of 31st March, 1923 .. .. 2,080 811 119,197 16 7 Less— £ s. d. Direct expenditure on service inmates . . .. ... .. 1,284 3 7 Issues from institutions and stores .. .. .. . . 4,440 5 1 Salaries of Probation Officers, Infant-life Protection Agents, Caversham Factory, and proportion of Managers and office staffs of institutions .. .. .. .. .. .. 9,344 14 10 Travelling-expenses of Probation Officers, Infant-life Protection Agents, &c. (estimated at two-thirds of expenditure, £6,046 lis.) 4,031 0 8 Refund of inmates' earnings .. .. .. .. .. 132 5 6 Rents, office requisites, &c. (two-thirds of expenditure £1,222 14s. 2d.) 815 2 9 Law-costs .. .. .. ~ ~ .. .. 64 16 8 Grant to residential nursery .. .. .. ~ .. 200 0 0 20,312 9 1 Gross cost of inmates a charge on the State .. .. £98,885 7 6 Number of inmates maintained (including inmates in residence at Government Schools, boarded out, hospitals, convalescent homes, &c.) .. 2,169 Average cost per week per inmate — £ s. d. Gross .. .. .. .. .. .. ..0176 Recoveries .. .. .. ... .. .. ..0411 Net .. .. .. .. .. .. ..£0127 The net cost to the State of maintaining children under the industrial-schools system is therefore 12s. 7d. per head per week.

Name of School. Avcrl Average Numbor in Residence. Number of Children actually passing through. Auckland Receiving-home Auckland Probation Home Tamilton Receiving-home Vangaruii Reoesivitig-home Napier Receiving-home .. .. .. .. .. Wellington Receiving-home Wellington Probation Home : Nelson Receiving-home Christchurch Receiving-home christchurch Probation Home )unedin Probation Home 16-29 1.4-44 8-25 JO-17 6-45 14-46 1.1-24 5-50 19-81 12-93 10-76 .182 119 254 53 72 213 95 56 312 133 61 1,550 * This homo was closed in October, 1923.

E.—4

12

Table I1.—Average Cost of Victuals supplied to Government Receiving and Probation Homes, 1st April, 1923, to 31st March, 1924.

Month. Auckland Auckland Hamdton Wanganui Napier Receiving- Probation Receiving- Receiving- Receivinghome. Home. home. home. home. rp .*. Wellington Wellington Nelson Christchureh Christchurch Caversham Dunedin \ , ° • Receiving- Probation Receiving- Receiving- Probation Industrial Probation , ,'? TTT ' home. Home. home. home. Home. School. Home. T ,., ,. Weraroa. . Institutions. April May June July August September October November December January February March 10-58 9-73 9-36 10-70 12-31 9-89 8-78 8-36 9-24 8-20 11-09 10-83 13-83 9-91 9-94 9-17 9-45 9-80 12-34 11-17 11-42 12-60 12-32 14-71 6-78 20-47 18-90 12-92 5-39 15-75 15-75 9-82 8-14 7-74 9-14 8-13 8-35 9-11 8-76 6-11 6-00 7-99 10-55 9-65 7-52 9-29 9-47 8-85 7-83 10-06 11-90 11-61 10-83 13-73 12-73 11-78 15-66 11-61 13-60 14-16 12-83 12-91 12-95 11-72 13-46 11-55 11-90 15-12 12-01 10-97 14-92 10-88 13-42 12-43 12-08 12-34 10-47 13-55 17-60 12-19 28-04 24-80 9-71 11-02 11-29 12-64 12-18 10-63 10-09 12-27 10-40 14-89 27-68 15-70 14-08 12-85 7-14 6-58 8-61 8-65 10-07 9-80 11-16 5-42 8-00 9-49 8-14 8-32 6-03 8-34 9-23 10-70 9-13 11-43 11-55 8-66 10-00 9-84 11-09 10-65 10-49 10-07 11-21 10-72 9-42 11-01 9-47 8-93 10-19 8-29 9-80' 8-68 '11-52 6-32 8-85 13-03 7-78 '9-32 8-56 7-54 8-82 9-30 8-17 8-18 8-10 8-53 9-13 9-74 10-07 10-63 9-55 9-43 10-83 10-89 10-08 9-53 10-80 11-11 10-95 13-66 11-76 11-20 10-41 Daily average .. 9-92 11-39 11-58 8-47 12-13 12-60 14-80 13-73 8-86 8-81 10-22 9-27 8-98 * This house was closed in October, 1923. Daily average cost of all institutions, 10-83d.

13

E.—4

Table I la.—Government Expenditure on Private (Roman Catholic) Schools, 1923-24. £ s. d. St. Mary's, Auckland .. .. .. .. .. 523 0 3 St. Joseph's, Upper Hutt .. .. .. .. .. 572 16 2 St. Mary's, Nelson .. .. .. .. .. .. 37115 2 St. Vincent de Paul's, Dunedin . . .. .. .. 248 11 J Total .. .. .. .. .. £1,716 2 8 Table I Ib. —Government Expenditure on the Maintenance of Inmates sent to other Institutions, 1923-24. £ s. d. Salvation Army Home;, Grey Lynn .. .. .. 26 0 0 Redroofs Maternity Home, Dunedin .. .. .. 26 10 0 Total .. .. .. .. .. £52 10 0 Table I 2. —Gross Recoveries from Parents and Others. 1922-23. 1923-24. £ s. d. £ s. d. Industrial schools .. .. .. 24,226 3 2 21,871 3 5 Special schools .. .. .. .. 2,852 19 11 5,760 18 7 Charitable Aid Boards (special schools) .. 1,779 10 0 2,886 19 4£28,858 13 1 £30,519 1 4

Table I2a. —Cash Sales of Farm-produce, 1923-24.

Item. iioys* Training-farm, Weraroa. Special School, Otekaike. Totals. Cheese Butter and butterfat Milk &eam .. Eggs Poultry Vegetables Orchard Sheep Wool .. Cattle £ s. d. 962 3 4 .105 11 11 323 9 10 224 6 0 28 16 9 25 18 .9 87 13 2 136 19 0 102 14 6 81 3 9 19 0 3 5 14 10 91 5 II 225 5 4 £ s. d. 186 11 2 26 11 4 2 8 9 46 11 6 1 14 0 102 9 10 0 6 0 129 8 4 44 12 7 10 0 0 £ s. d. 962 3 4 292 3 1 350 1 2 2 8 9 270 17 6 30 10 9 128 8 7 87 19 2 266 7 4 147 7 1 91 3 9 19 0 3 55 19 4 169 9 11 225 5 4 150 15 0 256 11 4 101 7 7 Horses Hides Pigs Cereals, hay, straw, <_c. Mats and baskets Chaff cutting and threshing Sundries 50 4 6 78 4 0 150 15 0 256 11 4 91 10 7 9 17 0 Totals 2,768 5 3 839 14 0 3,607 19 3

8.-4

14

Table I3.—Numbers under Control at 31st December, 1923.

ts 19 19 08 066 015 L8 tOI U SOI c-f ZL ZL 8f 99 89 ZL Si 9L 89 ttc- SfS 8S 29 fS" " " " 9 |. * * W n H JaddQ Z j "" amoq-guiAiaaajj ye -fjirejodraaj, I j ■ • • • • • XjuBJodinax I " ' II I 01 ! " " puounpra 'jooqag jmoadg !>y 9 9 " 8 II Z Z " I I " " L " f I " 'I°oqag p;iaadg •• • • • • j«aa ®i» jo j i° ox i°s »v I Z I i • • • • • ■ • • |o«8 U| 9 '' '' II 9 ' I ' ' I I •' '' I '• '' 1 [ '' I •' 9Aisai .... | ■ ■ • • • • | • • ■ • • • • • - • - • ■ • • • • • • ■ • ■ g • ■ • • ; • • - • • • • • ssiaoq uoij'eqojd uj Z Z '" ' '' '' I '' I " "" ' ' I I '' '' "" " 'sauioq 'saS«u«qdjo uj f •• •' " • '" ■ ■ - ■ j -■ •• •• ■■ • g ■■ •• ' jo saSnjaj uj I z '' 1 I '' Z I "' '■ '■ sfeifdsoq uj I X •• i "" '• • • • • •• i ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ x g z ' ' I '' 'a# *samoq 'juaasareAUoa 'sjejidsoq tq Z g I I '' I I I •• •• •' d;qsni3ipji3n3 japufl I S 9 OS SZ 91 " ' t 9 91 LI 81 01 L 81 81 9 6 II LI tS 9S 91 SI 81 " " " spu®pj M?!AV g8 fil " 88 fS " Z 68 01 " ' I fZ \ Ot 91 '' t9 91 ' ° 61 S8 " SI 9 ■ • • • • • • • • • • • 80 puas I IS 6* S 811 SLI '• ■ 19 L8 " 6t 99 " SS 98 " ft S9 L ff I 681 ' - If " " " " *no papj^og I •" f Z I 29 8 f f L ■' 9 Z 9 SI " ** " siooqas aqiuj — j- j i j j j ' j j 7 | j " " a ■£> a "a "f> a a 'a a 'a - a "o a a 'o 'a a - o \ "a - a 'a "a 'a "a a O? p? s '7i £?e? m Op pj Sc 2 fl if fl j! f_t Ijf ?| 4 si *§ si ml >g >1 si lg 3 5- s| =tttd S=s: ?Ebd 3°? 2 0| SET gg. gs §3. § a; §< " ? "§. J f§-° IS 2»S IP hS r® SS P IS §<3 -eiooqos a q, o, SmSuoiaq naipimo JO sa^ploi^M i-f i-i |M" §§• «§• • g |& || §.§• §1 g.w air !§• figs Ig. ? 1 ? l ISS-SS fS- I §§- "1 ss. •§ '1 ■§ §& • o • O ® "523- • 2 - Q -2 ™ 3 2 - 0 ® »S » 3 | S3 3 .3 *3 r-3 •sjooqog

15

8.-4

Table I3.—Numbers under Control at 31st December, 1923— continued.

869 '8 8fS'l ttl'S IS SI SI 63 1 i6 ! 9i 61 if 68 £9 991 911 98 j ST S8 6i 8SS ilS 9 it OS " " " S[«»«X , . . I . ■ 9 '" 9 " W n H Jodd il s.qdasof -}g 6 Z '' | - 8taoq-SuiAT3D9jj mueSuiiw Airjejodmax I ' • I ■ • • ' B0JBJ8j£jIJBJodni3X 08 08 "' t ' ' " S " " I "' pnoatqaiy qooqog l«iaadg iy 98 98 I 8 " A 8 " I S " II " aqreqa^o '[°>>q<>S S S S ■' fBsa aio »j looqog jy f ' ' f " ' '' ' ' ' ' '' ' ' ' '' '' '' ' ' '' '' '' '' ' .... . . . ■ • • •. . ■ .. .. j 013 g U jS8 8 6S " j I S " j " • • 8AU9[ (jnoqjm SS '' SS • • I g j g ■ • • • sauioq uoij'eqojd uj; SI II f .. i .. .. g .. .. .. .. j, 'a:iy'sauioq agu^oo'saSBireqdio UJ 81 81 '■ I 8 I S ' °° suorjmi}8ui ajuuSoa jo saSnjai uj fl 9 8 i '' I '" 1 I I " Z I " I " " " '" " sjnjdsoq pjoem tq IZ fl EI I I I E S S S "' '' I ' ' ' " 05 S 'sauioq }uaasap?AUoa 'simidsoq nj tl g (j - •• ■ • •• ■ •• • • •• x •• •• •• z I '" '' ' ' '' diqsUBipienS japu^ 88T 661 68S 8 S I L 8S OS 01 I 9 II 81 i I II 9 81 61 6 8 S Z " " " " spnouj np{\ 008 818 S8t I I 8 61 OS 91 6 II " » » " S£ 1 " SS S? " 8 " " aoiAJas }y 898' I f8i T80'l S IS I'8 " 65 S8 "" £9 16 "" SS S3 " 611 £81 " II II " " " " <jno papiBog; 09S 9SI fOI SI tl 8 65 08 f 8 93 5 SI 3 ' ' "" • • sjooqas uj ttioa *o 'a "o -o -a ' "o a a a I *t> a a o a 'a -o a -a -o -a a -a -a &H I O J-I m .. § 5 1 3 og S W B g | f » §2 | ! II e| i ?S i| S II II 9 g •Biooqos JO S W0X gig fS 5,1 HI III' |E III Ifl" II' §£ gig 1 'S|Ooqos aq) oi SmSaopq nMpntD jo 5 - ~ 5 ~ ± "i Soi-s S Op C-ai ~ rr, >—2 1 's -t- js co 5. g-»= ph |& e.-" §■ s.-"i sa - eg 1 eg. |w * sg Ig. g.-"? Pu _ co =j - r*» ~ 5 =" • o s ~ • ? p g «o 2.2 xp &*§ | ? ■ — " ~s~& B '5 gg; &?B ?B gs; • & o o 2. • o o -P cfO •sjooqos nv *siooqog -siooqos

E.—4.

Table I4.—Admissions in 1923, classified according to Causes of Admission.

Table I5. —Admissions in 1923, classified according to Status at 31st December, 1923.

Table I6. —Admissions in 1923, classified according to Number in Residence at 31st December, 1923.

16

QJ a T3 (jT © <JJ W> g ® I p g ©" 0) . fl , i •—3 O rj 3 2 a a q a . 3 2 Q • 1 ° ° a S-a .2i 5 2 2-9 I? II I§ i I'l I II If!« I§ 5L a I II r 2| %S & Sfg if *| gf 2°1 t sg Totals. Admitted as If fg , ff f| g £| j| || f f| f 3 1-3 "I g« 8 ss 8 £ >.§ § s -3 si si £ a§ s § | r og « ®o g'o P5 m a « « PH £ « tf s mW H. G. B. B. G. B. ' G. B. G. B. B. |G | B. jB. G. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. G. ] Destitute.. .. ! 9 9 1 4 2 7 0 5 14 .. 18 8 .. 1 .. 14 7 .. ! 1415 .. 73 61 134 V agrant .. 0 3 I 7 3 10 In disreputabl e 1 .... 1 1 associations Not under proper 611 14 4 .. 5 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 1 4 6 5 2 11 8 .. 54 34 88 control (complaint by police) Uncontrollable (com- 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 . .1.. .. 1 I.. 1, .. 2 4 6 plaint by parents) Accused and guilty of .. 1 6 4 .. 2 1 7 .. 12.... 2 i.. .. 6 j .. 2 3 .. .. 44 2 46 punishable offences' Transferred from gaol;..[ 9 { .. .. .. 1 1 10 1 11 By private arrange- j.. 1 .. .. 2 1 1..1 1 I.. 1 2 i 4 1 .. .. j 2 8 9 17 ment i 1 ! : Totals .. lis 22 21 13 4 22 12 14 | 19 23 2011 4 I 2 5 28 I 17 5 28 25 8 198115 313

Status at 31st December, 1023. . I m & a SeS-s _ »| I PM—Ph =? __ » -fe- £ _> TO B CJ ■_■ __ M a a flo ■ fl-tia 2 _ I &g ; BJf g 8 if ._h __„ a' « r» S I * P B. G. B. I Q. I Q. B. G. B. . l __J 8 . j ir-. _' _ W * a § s ' oa Si H IM K ts© ,-: a, «:; > a £1 $ _ o a? •d » H a CB a a o ! tlo P CO c3 _ s Totals. In resideneo Boarded out At service With friends In orphanages and cottage homes, &c. In refuges or cognate institutions In hospitals, convalescent homes, &o. At Speoial School, Otekaike Missing ... In prison Discharged by warrant Adopted Written off the books Died 2 4 -7 4 .. 04 50 7 3 1 32 23 1 .. 1 8 2 .. .. 4 3 4 .. 1 1 . 7 3 1 G. j B. l_ 1 22 3 6 .. 11 3 G. 2 B. G. ' 2 2 B. G. B. 3 1 36 1.10 2 .. 21 3 .. 9 .. .. 1 „ Both Sexes. 10 46 82 192 6 27 8 17 1 2 lo sa 6 8 1 i 1 .. l 2 2 2 4 4 1 .. .. ~ 4 4 4 3 1 1 .. .. 5 1 .. 2 1 .. 1 .. .. 1 .. .. 5 3 10 1 198 1 5 2 1 1 5 2 1 1 1 I 5 10 .'. 115 313 1 .. j i i 5 2 "l .. i .. 5 6 5 3 Totals ■■ __73 61 7 3 1 54 34 2 4 ' 44 ' 2 8 9 198_ 115

Admitted as a -CI O fl-fl sS SI OS CD M Government Schools. I i s -a liLi SB g| US ll |2 jri 3 o 3,9 a-a %a Hf* _,i I-?-n d r- ,™ r a-ch as d-d CO .£ _ l> =0 > UJ r, I CB .^ H|| W. 1 |g teg £ « M r, R<M , Ph B. j B. G. B. B. G. .' B. B. 6 j=a _ 2 g-d Igl § 3 'P% I si || 'E« ■d-g o£ | MmS_ AU Seh0olS ' § ■ a p ■a a o ~ 2 I a o b-5 Totals. _ > -a — a "> co _ 5 99 f u 2 ; PL, CO G. B. G. B. G. „ Both Sexes. G. o. B. Destitute Not under control (complaint by police) Uncontrollable (complaint by parents) Accused or guilty of punishable offences Admitted by private arrangement Transferred from gaol I .. .. .. I .. 1 3 .. i 1 21.. i | 2 .. .. i | ;. l 2 f .. .. 2 4 (i .... 1 7 4 II 2 7 1 I 1 2 11 •• 13 , •■ 4 2 .. 22 .. 22 22 '.'■!.' !.' 3 1 .. 4 11 2 13 17 | 1 .. 2 .. 2 .. 2 1 .. .. 3 1 4 "i 2 3 1 Totals 1 1 3 1 ti 4 3 36 10 ■16

17

E.—4

Table I7.—Admissions in 1923, classified according to Parents' Circumstances and Character.

The numbers of children admitted were —From Auckland, 51 ; Wellington, 31 ; Christchurch, 31 ; Dunedin, 28 ;\ Napier, 26; Invercargill, 1.9 ;j Palmerston North, 1.8; Timaru, 13; Nelson, 10; Wanganui, 9;' Hastings, 6 ; New Plymouth, 5; Westport, 4; Te Awamutu, 4; Hamilton, 4; Wairoa, 4 ; Whakatane, 3;■ Thames, 3 ; Gisborne, 3 ; Greymouth, 3 ; Waikouaiti, 3 ; Whangarei, 2 ; Waihi, 2 ; Putaruru, 2 ; Ohakune, 2 ; Rawene, 2 ; Pahiatua, 2 ; Ashburton, 2 ; Lower Hutt, 2 ; Lyttelton, 2; Kaiapoi, 2; Russell, 1 ; Hokianga, 1 ; Helensville, 1 ; Rotorua, I ; Paeroa, 1 ; Eltham, I ; Petone, 1 ; Hunterville, 1 ; Picton, 1 ; Feilding, 1 ; Waipiro Bay, 1 ; Upper Hutt, 1 ; Oamaru, 1 ; Balelutha, 1 ; Opotiki, 1. The records show that of the total number of children admitted 29-39 per cent, were known to be illegitimate.

3—B. 4.

Reasi ins for Commi Jommiti :al of CI lildren. Fathers described as Mothers described as CB a CO CB P a _ 3 CB 3 CO co a d-2 11 II Q it a< r-i ? I * * "3(2 a>,_; o_? 5 £• fl {-f 0 O.Q I §-3 °-9 ___>__ ° °s 55 1 If a oa o o __§_ g_ I I :: *h to O 01 _s r CB '3« _ ■aa ©CO CO'rH a a o 3 "PL, a © *_ ■a a CB CO 8 S £ o 'S PL, a o ■o • £o __ I Total. Dead Dead Good Bad Questionable Addicted to drink .. Mentally unfit Dead Good Bad Questionable Addicted to drink Mentally unfit Physically unfit Deserter Deael Good Bad Questionable Mentally unfit Dead Good Bad Questionable Addicted to drink Deserter Dead Good ,. Questionable Addicted to drink Mentally unfit Deserter Unknown Dead Good Mentally unfit Good Questionable Dead Good Mentally unfit Physically unfit Deserter Dead Good Bad Questionable Mentally unfit Deserter Unknown 4 5 2 1 5 2 1 2 11 16 2 6 3 5 20 50 2 10 3 1 4 1 5 9 3 4 I 13 15 4 25 1 1 4 7 5 2 1 6 2 2 1 4 1 6 2 18 1 3 7 1 8 4 8 2 1 2 i 6 !. 2 Good .! 3 II 2 8 9 4 2 4 3 6 17 5 1 3 2 4 6 1 3 1 1 Bail 1 7 1 1 1 5 10 4 1 2 1 i 2 Ques iionable 6 1 3 7 1 i 2 1 1 i 1 1 », 13 3 i Adelicted to drink 1 1 2 2 3 '.'. 4 3 2 1 ,» 1 »» 6 2 2 Mentally unfit i Physically unfit 4 !. 6 i Deserter 2 .! 2 Unknown .. 15 1 3 5 1 6 3 7 2 1 2 i 2 1 .. 1 », • • i " ,, •. i », • • Totals 134 10 i 88 6 46 88 17 11 313

E.--4.

Table I7a.—Admissions classified according to Religious Belief.

Table I8.—Deaths, 1923.

Table 19.—Inmates discharged from Industrial Schools during 1923.

18

(Magistrates, after tearing the evidence, direct in what religious denomination children committed are to be brought up.) * I 2 I • • ° Is - a Sjf i ■5&1 - £ I 25 -I | •s do £> > s .2 o 6* h a •$ J .g § « c 5 | > H 3 I ja ° | o ~] j I 1 I i i _ Number .. .. 183 46 46 11 11 5 4,3 2 1 1 313 Percentage.. .. ! 58-5 ; 14-7 j 14-7 3-5 | 3-5 1-6 1-3 | 1-0 0-6 j 0'3 03 100-0 '.I- | I I I _____

Age. | Status at Death. Certified Cause of Death. School to which belonging. . Yrs. mos. 0 1 In hospital .. Acute bronchitis, cardiac failure .. .. Wellington Receiving-home. 0 5 „ .. Pneumonia .. .. .. .. Auckland Receiving-home. 19 „ .. Broncho-pneumonia, exhaustion .. . . Wanganui Receiving-home. 2 9 ,, .. Broncho-pneumonia, cardiac failure .. .. Wellington Receiving-home. 2 9 „ .. Broncho-pneumonia, nephritis, cardiac failure.. Auckland Receiving-home. 6 3 „ .. Appendicitis .. .. .. .. Hamilton Receiving-home. 9 5 At board .. .. Phthisis, respiratory failure.. .. .. Auckland Receiving-home. 13 0 With friends .. General miliary tuberculosis, heart-failure .. St. Mary's, Auckland. 14 2 In hospital .. Enteric fever, meningitis, coma, exhaustion .. Napier Receiving-home. 15 2 „ .. Rheumatic fever, myoeaditis, syncope .. Christchurch Probation Home. 15 3 „ .. Shock accelerated by loss of blood caused by Under guardianship, Juvenile being gored by a boar Probation Officer, Wanganui. 15 4 „ .. Purulent meningitis .. .. .. Christchurch Receiving-home. 15 9 „ .. Jaundice.. .. .. .. .. Christchurch Probation Home. 17 1 At service .. Accidentally drowned .. .. .. Wellington Probation Home. 17 8 In hospital .. Phthisis, heart-failure .. .. .. Napier Receiving-home.

i t c e o a o . ll> 11 Ph « __3 _ te p t," © o > B 5° _> fl o cd rC O M ■d a CO i a H CD V> I ■oT a o a _ a a El © a ©_ ©w Ph B. G. § . HI B _h5 ft I »W a© SB S5 l-s § * 1H o © fid. w cO ©r5 "r IH d © © 2 >e dO l-s CAD a "© I '3 if * =f_ r= §., S d cO P rQ CO O -, ih a Ph io ©^ |l S« Hs OS a_ °r, 11 I TO ■ajl Sfg m •2h2 9 CO rH CO ga I » i 'I 1 ci «__ H a So!* Ha S B. B. (H a> P. ft P Particulars of Discharge. i I ti CD tC fl fl fi o M b.|g. 1C « || flH ■5 i '£ _ H d .« & CO) [I B B. B. G. B. B. G. B. B. G. B. G. 11. B. G. G. B. G. By warrant By death Attained the age of twenty-one years Married .. Adopted.. ... Written off Extended control expired 1 6 II 1 2 11 8 11 1 1 -1 1 8 23 2 9 ■2 10 11 1 4 6 21 23 21 5 6 2 11 2 i i 2 i I i .. .. 3 'a 3 I 1 1 i i 2 3 4 i 1 8 3 1 .. .. 1 i Totals 2 4 6 5 5 22 14 15 9 23 3 10 11 !l « -u 25 9 t e j a o I o § fl a! o ©K rS g < _Cfl -3 — < §* ! « : r I _ .:■-■ O fl k _> Pr rO o A. i I OS £a ©B HO ',:{ a o CO Ph _ ® .5 fl _« CO o a_--I =o a ■°t3 ° S d . © 1ra © So a ft I i Particulars of Discharge. 1 co Si •to .-H P© 3 o a o J © I? M V. 4_ __ ll ■d © rH H. CO _ O m _ rd . to SO •E.d fl ll •C ° 6 4* d O . ig d S ■2 .§ g H PQ 3 •a d M a . go li o %™ 8 fl be o u fl f5d I *3 o H _ o H _ S3 O M CA © ____P. B. B. G. I B. B. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. G. G. B. B. G. By warrant By death Attained the age of twenty-one years Married Adopted Written off Extended control expired 22 1 1 1 i 18 1 4! 1 2 7 1 12 22 2 1 1 3' 12 2 6 2 1 2 5 216 9 1 96 6 24 312 15 25 •• 1 i 1 1 1 2 I 3 1 i 1 1 1 2 1 15 7 7 21 10 2 7 36 17 2 Totals 24 1 4 18 1 1 1 5 25 4 3 17 6 4 2 5 248 106 414 -1 25

19

E.—4

Under provisions of the Inelustrial Schools Act, 1909, power is given for the detention beyeind the age of twenty-one years of any inmate who, upon application being made to a. Magistrate by the Manager of the school at the direction of the Minister of Eelucation, is found to be morally degenerate or otherwise not (in the public interest) a fit person to.be free from control. In the fourteen years since this Act came into operation there have been ninety-two orders issued extending the period of control, sixty-seven of the inmates concerned being girls. The Act provides for extension for four years, and gives power to the Court on similar procedure to renew the oreler from time to time for a period of four years. It is expected that the number of those over whom authority beyond twenty-one years will bo needed will always be small in proportion to the whole number of inmates; but the value of such an enactment in respect of the remainder who have to be detained is obvious, both in their own interests and in that of the community at large.

No. S.—INFANT-LIFE-PROTECTION STATISTICS.

Particulars of Children admitted to and removed from Licensed Foster-homes during 1923.

Rates of Payments by Parents or Guardians. An account of the rates paid is given in tho following statement: — 2at the rate of ss. per week. 119 at the rate of 20s. per week. 1 „ 6s. „ 1 21s. ' „ 1 „ 7s. 6d. „ 12 255. 65 ~ 10s. „ 2 „ 30s. 2 ~ 10s. 6d. ~ 2 adopted with premium disbursed at 1 ~ lis. „ the rate of 10s. per week. 7 ~ 12s. ~ 18 adopted with premium disbursed at 90 ~ 12s. 6d. ~ the rate of 15s. per week. 4 ~ 13s. ~ I adopted with premium disbursed at 2 ~ 13s. 6d. ~ the rate of 225. per week. 2 ~ 14s. ~ 2 adopted with premium disbursed at 290 ~ 15s. ~ the rate of 225. 6d. per week. 1 „ 15s. 6d. „ 10 for whom no payment is being made. 1 ~ 16s. ~ 1 where clothing only is supplied. 2 „ 17s. „ 1 where only occasional payments are 43 ~ 17s. 6d. „ being made. 1 „ 18s.

_ 1*8 ■a § s M w CM CO ■_* 6 T3 6 a to c w) c ° a ° O 50 CD CO © fH _) IH so § te 55 T 1 10 CD b m : g to a so § c3<qo5HHH cB<3 u jj SO «-i I ■* «*H IO«H r< SO a ° a ° a ° <o< :> i i". ' i. 05 W M r-l ! d> *M ' fljh _*t_ r0S5|re„ire. g C "SIX _rX "Sr" I O M | S [ « en o H On the books at 31st December, 1922 Placed in licensed homes or transferred from other districts during 1923 Totals 77 79 160 80 237 159 77 160 79 80 141 127 106 63 247 190 141 106 127 63 79 91 74 74 37 26 29 116 117 103 74 79 37 91 26 74 29 74 742 501 237 159 247 190 I 16 117 103 74 L,243 Withdrawn from hoine-s during 1923— Kemoved by parents or guardians Deaths Adoptions without premiums In homes to which exemption was granted Brought under the operation of the Industrial Schools Act Written off the books for various causes Total withdrawals On the books at 31st December, 1923 28 28 38 1 1 4 2 2 4 I 5 36 50 78 88 38 79 79 75 3 1 12 11 1 2 3 9 8 106 98 169 118 75 42 26 36 13 2 8 2 3 2 .... i i 3 2 5.. 4 2 6 111 57 34 51 127 83 85 63 42 26 36 13 337 1 4 1 3 12 1 J 11 8 2 2 3 1 2 i 8 44 2 3 2 4 2 3 3 2 5 21 J 5 9 8 4 2 6 ill 146 36 78 50 88 106 169 98 118 57 83 34 85 51 63 127 559 68-1

E.—4.

The following is a comparison of the rates paid during the last six years :— 1918. 1919. 1920. 1921. 1922. 1923. Under 7s. per week 11 7 2 2 4 3 7s. and under 10s. per week 52 53 22 11 5 J 10s. per week .. ..502 368 240 133 105 65 Over 10s. per week .. 294 376 531 508 579 580 Foster-homes. The 684 infants in foster homes at the end of the year were distributed as follows : — In 469 homes, each having one child .. .. .. .. 469 ~ 76 ~ two children .. .. .. .. 152 „ 17 „ three „ .. .. .. ..51 3 „ four „ .. .. .. ..12 565 684 Eight of the homes were those in which children under six were boarded out by Charitable Aid Boards. The total number of licensed homes was 798, so that at the end of the year there were 233 licensed homes in which for the time being no infants were boarded.

Exempted Institutions.

20

Namo of Institution. O o CO^ 55° ■a a (l.) Imissio: 1923. CM . _? • CD O 9 w On CD'S » a ■*= o Q _i ______ oro "toed cuSi I is S rH 3 CO CO—i _ -3 ©J? o a — B_ (3.) LB, CO a a o oi 3 50 Cd"_HH ©o ■d a & J__ 1)01 ,ths, 19'23. CM *_ aj r_J _d CM CD 1 © fl _ _« ©rH (11.) ca 2.°°* Ps -h M — 7 a _ (6.) On the Boo: 31stDecembe ~m . rS Sfl fl O) _; (?.) (8.) >ks at er, 1D23. I 00 . ©TO if o 3 oc^ *i1 a.-. l-s fc J9.) Salvation Army Boys' Home, Russell .. St. Mary's Industrial School (Girls' Branch), Auckland St. Joseph's Orphanage, Takapuna, Auckland Orphan Home, Papatoetoe, Auckland Chilelren's Home, Ponsonby, Auckland Methodist Orphanage, Mount Albert, Auckland Leslie Orphanage, Remuora, Auckland Manurewa Children's Home, Auckland St. Mary's Home, Otahuhu, Auckland Salvation Army Orphanage, " The Grange," Heme Bay Salvation Army Maternity Home, Auckland Salvation Army Children's Home, Hamilton Cook County'Women's Guild Creche, Gisborne Salvation Army Maternity Home, Gisborne.. Salvation Army Samaritan Home, Gisborne Children's Home, PalmerBton North Manawatu Willard Children's Home, Palmerston North Salvation Army Bethany Home, Napier St. Hilda's Home, Otane, Hawke's Bay Wanganui Orphanage, Gonville, Wanganui Salvation Army Boys' Home, Eltham St. Barnabus' Home, Khandallah, Wellington St. Mary's Home, Karori, Wellington Residential Nursery, Wellington Presbyterian Orphanage, Berhampore, Wellington Levin Memorial Homo, Wellington.. St. Joseph's Orphanage, Upper Hutt, Wellington Home of Compassion, Island Bay, Wellington Salvation Army Girls' Home, Owen Street, Wellington Salvation Army Boys' Home, Island Bay, Wellington St. Mary's Orphanage, Nelson Methodist Orphanage, Papanui, Christchurch Nazareth House, Christohurch Sacred Heart Orphanage, Mount Magdala, Christchuroh St. Saviour's Home, Shirley, Christchurch Salvation Army Maternity Home, Christchurch Presbyterian Orphanage, Papanui, Christohuroh Children's Convalescent Home, New Brighton, Christohurch .. St. Saviour's Orphanage for Boys, Otipua Road, Timaru Salvation Army Boys'Home, Temuka Children's Rest Home, Mornington, Dunedin Grant's Braes Home, Anderson's Bay, Dunedin St. Mary's Orphanage, Mornington, Dunedin St. Vincent de Paul's Orphanage, South Dunedin Salvation Army Maternity Home, Roslyn, Dunedin Salvation Army Home, Anderson's Bay, Dunedin Presbyterian Orphanage, Gordon Street, Invercargill Viotoria Memorial Home, Inveroargill 25 3 *2 8 12 35 _ 14 1 8 fi 10 2 3 13 66 1 3 13 4 4 8 5 6 3 29 7 165 5 1 42 46 2 '8 '2 10 i " 32 1 1 fi 1 7 4 9 8 5 3 14 43 1 3 36 2 5 10 9 5 2 20 7 14 7 3 28 65 4 2 5 17 2 '5 19 i 8 i 4 9 20 8 7 4 3 6 37 5 I 4 13 II 2 11 i 2 15 15 30 13 7 1 4 6 8 7 4 14 6 20 3 5 8 '5 1 1 3 '3 i Totals 75 13 2 62 23 480 88 598 20 Of the above 480 ohildren, 19 have no parents living, 51 hi remainder (283) have both parents living. ,ve a iothi ir onl -, and 127 hi ,ve a lather only. The

21

E.—4

Deaths in Foster-homes and Exempted Institutions. Of the 1,243 infants who were at one time or another on the books as being in foster-homes during J 923, 6 died; of these, 1 died in a foster-home and 5 died in hospitals to which they had been removed for treatment. Two of the six were under twelve months of age, and three were of illegitimate birth. As shown in the table above relating to exempted institutions, theie were 20 deaths in 1923. The following is a statement of the number of deaths during the time that the infant-life-protection system has been in the Department's charge : —

Adoptions during the Year 1923. During the year 364 orders of adoption were made; 31 of the adoption orders provided for premiums, and 333 were without monetary consideration. The following shows the ages of the adopted children : —

Jb'oster-homes. Ixempted Institut iions. Year. Number of Deaths. N umber of Infants. Percentage of Deaths. Number of Deaths. Number of Infants. Percentage of Deaths. 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 26 25 26 13 12 13 20 14 17 12 6 10 14 6 10 6 1,017 1,181 1,183 1,183 1,228 1,330 1,423 1,440 1,250 1,361 1,341 1,403 1,306 1,318 1,243 1,243 * 2-56 2-11 2-19 1-09 0-98 0-98 1-40 0-98 1-36 0-88 0-44 0-71 1-07 0-47 0-80 0-48 47 36 18 37 11 9 15 15 13 19 17 16 20 No records. ,, 899 911 984 944 1,026 939 1,136 955 1,050 1,002 1,118 887 1,076 5-23 3-95 1-82 3-91 1-08 0-96 1-32 1-57 1-24 1-89 1-52 1-08 1-86

Age. With I With Premium. Premiun in. With Premi Without Premium. lout ium. Total. \ Under 6 months Between 6 months and 12 months . . 1 year and 2 years „ 2 3 „ „ 3 „ 4 „ 4 5 „ „ 5 „ 6 „ „ 6 „ 7 „ ,,7 ,, 8 „ „ 8 „ 9 „ „ 9 „ 10 .„ „ 10 „ 11 „ „ 11 „ 12 „ „ 12 „ 13 „ „ 13 „ 14 „ „ 14 „ 15 „ ] 10 8 4 3 1 3 2 10 8 4 3 1 3 2 31 65 31 56 39 24 14 22 7 9 7 16 7 8 5 6 17 333 65 31 56 39 24 14 22 7 9 7 16 7 8 5 6 17 75 39 60 42 25 17 22 7 9 9 16 7 8 5 6 17 31 333 364 The adopting parents were — Husband and wife jointly . . Widow Widower SpinsterJ Bachelor Wife only Husband only Ir or ooo > 336 10 1 5 7 4 1 364 The amount of the premiums ranged from £7 10b. to £100.

E.—4.

Illegitimacy.

Deaths amongst Illegitimate Children during 1923.

22

Illegitimacy. Number of lilegitiTlleffitim t mate Children aged Districts. Births registered JtoTtoSS * ' under the Infants Act during 1923. Illegitimate Children under 6 Years of Age in Licensed Foster-homes at 31st December, 1923. North Auckland . . . . .. 51 Auckland ..... .. .. 265 45 South Auckland .. . . ... 83 5 Hawke's Bay • .. .. .. 73 3 Gisborne .. .. .. .. 21 2 Wanganui and Taranaki .... 74 5 Palmerston North .. .. .. 64 .10 Wellington .. .. .. . . 215 23 Nelson .. .. .. .. 30 4 West Coast .. .. .. .. 25 1 North Canterbury .. .. .. .168 59 South Canterbury .. .. .. 25 3 Otago .. .. .. .. 113 16 Southland .. .. .. .. 53 9 2 102 12 10 4 16 33 50 5 3 122 16 49 13 Totals for 1923 .. 1,260 185 1,260 185 437 Totals for 1922 .. 1,224. 188 1,224. 188 425 Deaths amongst Illegitimate Children during 1923. Iren durk ig 1923. District. Under 6 Months. Over 6 Months and under 1 Year. Between 1 and 2 Years. Between 2 and 3 Years. Between 3 and 4 Years. Between 4 and 5 Years. Between 5 and 6 Years. i Totals. North Auckland Auckland South Auckland Wanganui and Taranaki . . Gisborne Hawke's Bay Palmerston North Wellington Nelson West Coast North Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland 5 12 5 4 1 4 5 15 l i 3 l 1 4 i i 1 2 i l i 6 19 6 5 2 5 6 21 1 4 18 1 5 2 3 16 1 3 2 l i 1 2 Totals .'. 76 7 10 3 3 2 101 Note.—In addition, tin found dead during the year 1 bodies 123. if 8 new ly-born i: iants, wi ose par mts were unknow. i, were

Illegitimacy. Number of lilegitiTlleffitim t mate Children aged Districts. Births registered JtoTtoSS * ' under the Infants Act during 1923. Illegitimate Children under 6 Years of Age in Licensed Foster-homes at 31st December, 1923. North Auckland . . . . .. 51 Auckland ..... .. .. 265 45 South Auckland .. . . ... 83 5 Hawke's Bay • .. .. .. 73 3 Gisborne .. .. .. .. 21 2 Wanganui and Taranaki .... 74 5 Palmerston North .. .. .. 64 .10 Wellington .. .. .. . . 215 23 Nelson .. .. .. .. 30 4 West Coast .. .. .. .. 25 1 North Canterbury .. .. .. .168 59 South Canterbury .. .. .. 25 3 Otago .. .. .. .. 113 16 Southland .. .. .. .. 53 9 2 102 12 10 4 16 33 50 5 3 122 16 49 13 Totals for 1923 .. 1,260 185 1,260 185 437 Totals for 1922 .. 1,224. 188 1,224. 188 425 Deaths amongst Illegitimate Children during 1923. Iren durk ig 1923. District. Under 6 Months. Over 6 Months and under 1 Year. Between 1 and 2 Years. Between 2 and 3 Years. Between 3 and 4 Years. Between 4 and 5 Years. Between 5 and 6 Years. i Totals. North Auckland Auckland South Auckland Wanganui and Taranaki . . Gisborne Hawke's Bay Palmerston North Wellington Nelson West Coast North Canterbury South Canterbury Otago Southland 5 12 5 4 1 4 5 15 l i 3 l 1 4 i i 1 2 i l i 6 19 6 5 2 5 6 21 1 4 18 1 5 2 3 16 1 3 2 l i 1 2 Totals .'. 76 7 10 3 3 2 101 Note.—In addition, tin found dead during the year 1 bodies 123. if 8 new ly-born i: iants, wi ose par mts were unknow. i, were

23

E.--4

No. 6. —COSTLEY TRAINING INSTITUTION. Balance-sheet for Year ending 31st December, 1923. Liabilities. £ s. d. Assets. £ s. d. Costley bequest .. .. .. 12,150 0 0 War-loan stock .. .. .. 1,500 0 0 Hodge bequest .. .. .. 742 3 9 Accrued interest .. .. .. 299 15 10 Jackson and Russell .. .. .. 78 18 7 Mortgages .. .. .. .. 23,165 0 0 Revenue Account as below .. .. 12,042 211 Cash in Bank of New Zealand . . .. 48 9 5 £25,013 5 3 £25,013 5 3 « Revenue Account for Year ending 31st December, 1923. Dr. £ s. d. Or. £ s. d. To Maintenance Account .. .. 980 16 4 By Balance, Ist January, 1923 .. 11,629 1 3 Expenses .. .. .. 98 5 4 Interest .. .. .. .. 1,492 3 4 Balance carried forward .. .. 12,012 211 £13,121 4 7 £13,121 4 7

Approximate Coal 0/ Paper. —Preparation, not given ; printing (840 copiee), £38.

Authority: W. A. G. Skinner, Government Printer, Wellington.—l924.

Price 9d.]