EDUCATION: TECHNICAL EDUCATION. [In continuance of E.-5, 1917.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1918 Session I-II, E-05

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Session 11. 1918. NEW ZEALAND.

EDUCATION: TECHNICAL EDUCATION. [In continuance of E.-5, 1917.]

Presented to the House of Representatives pursuant to the Legislature Act, 1908.

CONTENTS. Page Page 1. Extracts from the Forty-first Annual Report 8. Tables relating to Technical Instruction— of the Minister of Education (8.-l) .. 2 continued. Classes other than Classes at Technical High Schools .. .. .. 32 2. Technical Instruction in the several Education Inoome anfl Expendifcul . e o£ Controlling Districts— Authorities of Technical Classes .. 33-34 Auckland .. .. .. .. 9 T . _ . ... , ~ , rt, . . ... Income and Expenditure of Managers of Ta*anabi .. 11 Technical Schools 35-30 °' '' r Assets and Liabilities .. .. .. 37 — „.,'" ,'!. Students at Technical Classes other than Wellington .. .. .. .. 16 _ .. , -~ . '■_ . , .. .. , Teohnical High Schools .. .. 38 Nelson .. .. .. 18 _ ° , „ , , „„ Occupations of Students .. .. 38 Canterbury ........ 20 _ V, ~ nt 0 Pree Pupils • • • • • • • • 38 ° Courses at Technical High Schools .. 38 Technical High Schools—Attendance and Capitation .. .. .. .. 39 3. Tables relating to Technical Instruction— Staffs of Technical Schools and Classes .. 40 Particulars relating to Technical Education, Technological Examination of City and 1911-1917 .. .. .. .. 32 Guilds of London Institute .. .. 41

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No. 1. EXTRACT FROM THE FORTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION. TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION. General. The steady growth of the interest taken by the youth of the Dominion in technical instruction appears to be shown, by the increased attendance of students at the technical schools. In 1916 the returns showed a falling-off in. the number receiving instruction, at classes other than, classes at technical high schools, but the normal increase appears to have been maintained during 1917. This is most gratifying, in view of the fact that the majority of the students voluntarily attend school after a day's hard work—many of them to satisfy a strong desire for a knowledge of the principles underlying their trade, to which end they are prepared to sacrifice both rest and recreation. The time is past for questioning the value to the State of a- large body of intelligent, well-trained craftsmen, but the question of when this training should be given, appears to be a, long way from being settled. Generally speaking, on the one hand a strong opinion prevails that it should be given in the employee's time ; on the other hand, the opinion, is voiced that if in the acquisition of skill that is to benefit the State a sacrifice is demanded, then the sacrifice should be made not wholly by the employee, but should be equally shared by employer and employee. The total number of students receiving instruction at all schools and classes was 20,747, an increase of 1,056 on the previous year. Taking all things into consideration, this total cannot be regarded other than as very satisfactory. Of the total number of students in. attendance at all schools and classes, 7,842 were holders of free places or holders of local scholarships —an increase of 268. The practical interest taken by local bodies, industrial organizations, and others shows a slight abatement, but this, in the face of the abnormal demands that have been made on the pockets of the community, is to be expected. The contributions in. money from the above sources, and on which Government subsidy of £l for £l was paid, amounted to £2,959 for the year, a, decrease of £1,241 as compared with the previous year. Classes other than Classes at Technical High Schools. Classes were held in 154 centres, three more than last year. The number of classes and the number of individual students in attendance were as follows :—

The following are some particulars of the age, sex, and occupations of students :—

Number of Classes. Number ol Students, Description of Class. 1918. 1917. l \_ 1916, 1917. Jonducted by Education or High Scliool Boards .. 1,058 1.107 Conducted by Technical School Boards or by Managers . . 678 675 Jonducted by University Colleges . . . . . . 179 180 10,169 (i. 699 718 10,619 7,070 711 Totals .. .. .. .. .1,915 1,962 17,586 18,400

Seventeen Years of : Over Seventeen Years Age and under. of Age. Totals. 191(1. 1917. 191(1. 1917. ■ 1916. 1917. Males .. Females 4,620 '1,073 3,991 3,990 4,007 4,106 4,968 5,025 8,627 8.779 8,9.59 9.021 8,011 8,975 8,009 9,731 I Totals . . 17.586 18,400 I

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Summary of Occupations of Students. Number of Percentage Students. of Total. Clerical pursuits .. ;. .. ..2,382 12-9 Professional pursuits .. .. .. .. .. 3.294 17-9 Students .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,320 18-0 Domestic pursuits .. .. .. .. .. 3,233 17-6 Agricultural pursuits .. .. ~ .. .. 1,117 6-1 Various trades and industries .. .. .. .. 4,696 255 Other occupations not included ia above .. .. 358 2-0 Totals .. .. .. .. .. 18,400 100-0 Numbee of Classes in certain Subjects or Technical Instruction held in 1916 and 1917. 1916. 1917. Art and artcrafts .. .. .. .. .. 255 224 Mechanical and electrical engineering, theoretical and practical . . 195 224 Building-construction, carpentry, plumbing, and other trades 193 185 Experimental and natural science, mathematics, &c. .. .. 170 132 Agriculture, wool-sorting, dairy-work, &c. .. .. .. 105 127 Domestic subjects .. . . .. .. .. 346 364 Commercial subjects .. .. .. .. ■ .. 322 365 Subjects of general education . . . . .. .. 329 341 Totals .. ..- .. .. 1,915 1,962 It will be noticed that the falling-off during 1916 in. the number of students over seventeen years of age, due largely to enlistments and the demand for women to fill the vacancies caused thereby, was arrested in. 1917, the returns for that year showing an increase of more than a thousand pupils over the number for 1916. Of the total number of students, more than half were females; while more than one-fourth of the students were engaged in. agriculture or in. various trades and industries. The wide range of occupations in which the students are engaged indicates that the curricula of the schools as a whole are drawn up with, a view to meet the industrial needs of the community. Lack of accommodation and teaching facilities renders it impossible at the present time to make provision for many trades more or less closely allied with those already provided for ; but it is realized that the ideal conditions will not be attained, until provision, is made for instruction in the principles and practice of the whole of the lesser trades that, Avith the principal trade, form a complete group. The increase in the number of classes I'or engineering indicates the growing demand for instruction in the principles of mechanical and electrical engineering. It is noticed, for instance, that as soon, as a town, abandons gas-lighting in favour of the electric light, or an electric tramway is installed, a demand arises at the local technical school for theoretical and practical classes in electricity and magnetism ; and it may therefore be expected that the increase in. the use of electrical power for industrial purposes will create a, demand for very considerable developments in connection with this important branch, of technical instruction. Thirteen, schools, including those in the four chief centres, are now provided with more or less well-equipped workshops, and are able to offer a fairly complete theoretical and practical course, both, elementary and advanced, while the Canterbury College School of Engineering provides full degree and diploma courses in mechanical, electrical, and civil engineering. The returns of the classes relating to building, plumbing, and. other trades show a, slight decrease, due to war demands, in the number of attendances, and also a falling-off in the number of the more mature students who attended the classes for the iove of working out some abstruse practical problem, in their trade, or for the gratification of a, desire to execute a piece of complex work. The classes, however, continue to be well supported by various industrial organizations. The advisory committees representing,masters and men continue to have a beneficial effect upon the trades and technical schools concerned by bringing the two into closer relationship. The demand, foi' instruction in agricultural subjects continued to be maintained, the number of classes being 127 (twenty-two more than the number for 1916). The

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subjects dealt with included agriculture, dairy-work, wool-sorting, shearing, and orchard-work. Classes for the instruction of farmers in subjects bearing directly on the agricultural and dairying industries, and in some cases in subjects relating to the keeping of accounts, were conducted in some districts by itinerant instructors. In the Taranaki District alone "farmers'" classes were held at no fewer than forty centres. That the value of the instruction is recognized is indicated by the attendance, and by the sums contributed by the farmers to the funds of the classes. There was an increase of eighteen in the number of classes for domestic subjects. The special courses in home science and domestic arts at the Otago University continue to meet with satisfactory support. The number of students in attendance during the year was forty-one, of whom twenty-five were prospective teachers of domestic subjects holding Government bursaries. Of these bursars eighteen took, the course for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in home science, and seven took the course for the diploma. Payments totalling £1,548 were made by the Government on account of home-science bursaries, being an average payment of £62 per bursar. Twenty-two students have on the completion of their courses been appointed to positions in various schools in the Dominion. An increase is shown in the number of students taking up courses of instruction in related subjects bearing on particular occupations. Courses of this kind were provided at fifty centres. Provision is made for payments of capitation at higher rates varying from 3d. to Bd. per hour attendance) in respect of students attending approved courses occupying not less than four hours a week and eighty hours a year.

Number, of Students receiving Free Education under the Regulations for Free Places.

Nearly 22 per cent, of the total number of students in attendance at classes held free places under the Government regulations. The total number of junior free pupils shows a decrease of forty-one, as compared with the number for 1916 ; and. the total number of senior free pupils shows a decrease of forty-two. .'564 students held, scholarships or free places provided locally. By an amendment to the regulations for technical instruction towards the end of the year a, modification in the standard of qualification required for free admission to technical classes was introduced whereby free places could be awarded on the recommendation of an Inspector of Schools to pupils who, being over fourteen years of age, were not otherwise qualified for a free place. Such pupils on their admission to technical classes are required to take subjects of instruction bearing directly on a, trade or industry or on domestic occupations. There are indications that advantage is likely to be taken to a considerable extent of the wider facilities thus afforded pupils for free education at technical schools. Regulations for the compulsory attendance of young persons at continuation classes were brought into operation, during the year in three additional school districts. The number of students attending classes under these regulations was as follows :— Auckland Education District .. .. 454 students in 11 school districts. Taranaki Education District .. .. 225 ~ 3 ~ Wanganui Education District . . .. 498 ~ 5 ~ Hawke's District .. .. 157 „ 1 ~ Total .. .. ..•■' .. 1,334 „ 20 "„

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1916. 19 Hi. 1917. T r -i First year Junior free pupils : a i ' ' I Second year ("First year Senior free pupils< Second year [/.Third year Males. 820 534 433 310 175 Females. 596 118 354 273 147 Total. Males. Females. Total. 1,416 952 787 583 322 806 610 161 450 394 413 265 i 268 145 165 1,416 911 807 533 310 Totals 2,272 2,272 1,788 4,060 2,071 1,906 I 3,977

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At twenty-two centres returned soldiers, to the total number of 167, were admitted to free education under the regulations issued in 1916 for the free tuition of accredited discharged soldiers. In some cases where all the facilities were not available at the technical schools to enable soldiers to carry out practical work in the subjects chosen, by them arrangements w T ere made by the school authorities with local firms for the use of workshops and equipment. The following technical schools had roll numbers of more than five hundred exclusive of the technical high schools carried on in connection with some of them :— School. 801 l Number. 1916. 1917. Christchurch Technical School .. .. .. ..1,225 1,267 Wellington Technical School .. .. .. ..1,207 1,256 Auckland Technical School .. .. .. ..1,329 1,211 Dunedin Technical School .. .. .. .. 1,204 1,105 Palmerston North Technical School .. . . .. 673 660 Wanganui Technical School .. .. .. .. 814 654 Invercargill Technical School .. .. .. .. 475 524 There is no doubt that the fall in attendance at some of these schools was due to the abnormal about by the war. Capitation earnings for the year totalled £33,749, compared with £34,771 for 1916. Included in the total is £9,924 earned on account of free pupils, pupils admitted under regulations for compulsory attendance at continuation classes, and returned soldiers. The rates of capitation vary from 2d. to Bd. for each hourattendance, according to the nature and standard of instruction. These rates are increased by one-half in the case of classes in remote centres. In addition to the ordinary rates of capitation, a payment of 3d. for each hour-attendance is made on account of free pupils, " compulsory " pupils, and returned soldiers. Payment is not made on account of any student for more than 400 hour-attendances a year, but this maximum is only reached by a small proportion of students. The technological examinations of the City and Guilds of London Institute were conducted at fourteen centres in the Dominion. The total number of entries was 297, and the number of passes 181. On the result of the examinations silver medals were awarded by the Institute to one candidate at Wellington for examination in the subject of telegraphy (final), and to two candidates at Christchurch for gasfitting (final), and plain cookery respectively. A bronze medal was awarded to one candidate at Christchurch for examination in plain cookery. Two candidates —one at Christchurch and one at Dunedin, reached the standard required for a prize in the subjects of cabinetmaking (final) and dressmaking respectively, but by reason of their being engaged in teaching were not qualified to receive the award. Technical High Schools. There are eight of these schools of secondary grade which, while giving attention to the subjects of general education, provide a training of a vocational character. They are under the same management as the technical schools of which they form part. The number of students in attendance during the year was as follows :— Teohnioal High School. Number of Students. 1910. 1917. Auckland .. .. .. .. .. .. 508 535 Wanganui .. . . . . .. . . .. 250 250 Napier .. .. .. .. .. .. m 127 Wellington . . .. .. .. . . .. 285 336 Westport .. . . .. .. .. . . 29 27 Christchurch .. . . . . ~ .. . , 37(; 453 Dunedin .. .. .. .. .. .. 315 339 Invercargill . . .. .. .. .. ~ 231 280 2,105 2,347 The enrolment of students for the year in the technical high schools, which shows an increase of about 11-5 per cent, on that for 1916, must be regarded as most satisfactory ; and, further, the fact that 2,347 pupils received a secondary education with a vocational trend appears to indicate that these schools are justifying their existence by providing a type of training suited to the industrial needs of the

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Dominion. Of the total number of boys in attendance, 590, or 53 per cent., received industrial training, for the most part in mechanical and electrical engineering and allied trades. 1,304 boys and girls took, commercial subjects, and began a course of instruction which in two or three years enables them to fill creditably junior positions in offices. That satisfaction is given appears to be shown in the increasing demand by business men for the services of young persons who have received a preliminary business training in a technical, high school. The number of pupils taking up the various courses provided was as follows : — n Number of Pupils. Courßc ' Boys. Oirls. Totals. Industrial . . . . .. .. .. 590 . . 590 Commercial and general .. .. .. 360 944 1,30-1 Domestic .. .. . . .. .. . . 291 291 Agriculture .. .. .. .. .. 158 .. 158 Art .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 2 4 Totals .. .. .. ..1,110 1,237 2,347 Over 55 per cent, of the pupils took commercial, and general courses, and domestic courses were taken by 23-5 per cent, of the girls. There was an increase of thirty-five in the number of pupils taking agriculture. Seven of the schools offered industrial, commercial, and domestic; courses ; five of these offered also an agricultural course; while one school (Westport) offered an industrial (engineering) course only. There are indications of a demand for an increase in the schools of the latter type.

Number of Pupils receiving Free Education at Technical High School under the Regulations for Free Places.

Of the total number of pupils in attendance, 91-6 per cent, were receiving free education under the Regulations for Free Places. Junior free places were held by 1,911 pupils, an increase of 216, and senior free places by 239 pupils, an increase of 19. It is a matter for regret that so large a percentage of those who hold a junior free place continue at the school for only one year. The demand at the present time, brought about by war conditions, for the services of young persons is no doubt largely responsible for the decrease in the number of pupils holding second-year free places, but it is feared that the principal, cause may be found in the economic conditions which make it necessary for the boys and girls to contribute to home expenses, as in many instances parents are not in the position to sacrifice the present earning-power of their children, much as they may desire to give them the full advantages of" a good education. Capitation amounting to £28,119 was earned in respect of 2,303 pupils, of whom 2,103 were free pupils, as compared with £23,295 in 1-916 in .respect of 2,029 pupils. The average amounts of capitation earnings Were £12*34 in the case of free pupils who qualified for capitation, and £7-1 in the case of other pupils. The average amounts for the previous year were £11-93 aiid £6-97 respectively. Financial. The total capitation earnings of all classes, including technical high schools, was approximately £61,868 (as compared with £58,066 for the previous year), of which £26,729 was earned by classes conducted by Education Boards ; £32,064 by classes conducted by Technical School Boards and Managers, and £3,075 by classes conducted by University Colleges and High School Boards.

1916. 1917. Buys. (iirls. Total. Hoys. (iirls. Total r ,. i i First year Junior free pupils ., •, ' ' iSecond year j First year Senior free pupils <j Second year Third year 518 280 70 11 879 577 320 109 28 2 1,036 1,095 595 (i()0 | 311 J 79 82 39 19 2 1 1,915 1,008 627 1.222 378 68!) 115 L97 18 37 4 5 1,142 2,150

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The amount of capitation, earnings shows an average rate of £2-9 per student, the same as for the previous year. The following table shows the receipts from all sources, and the expenditure for 1917 in. respect of classes conducted by .Education Boards or by High School Boards, and by Technical School Boards or Managers (including in each case technical, high schools) : — Receipt,^ Classes conducted by Education or Technical School High .School Boards or Boards. Managers. £ £ Capitation .. .. .. .. .. .. 32,931 39,517 Class fees .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,496 5,153 Voluntary contributions and subsidies thereon .. .. 2,081 3,910 Grants for buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. 3,034 2,049 Sundry receipts .. .. .. .. .. 4,404 6,276 Totals for 1917 .. .. .. .. 45,946 57,205 Totals for 1916 .. .. .. ..£40,375 £47,560 ExrENDTTUEfi. £ £ Staff salaries .. .. .. .. ..24,385 31,708 Working-expenses ... .. .. .. .. 9,595 12,350 Buildings, &c. .. .. .. -.. ..5,718 5,186 Other expenditure .. .. .. .. .. 116 2,759 Totals for 1917 .. .. .. .. 39,814 52,003 Totals for 1916 .. .. .. ..£38,381 £46,374 Working-expenses represented 22-36 of the total receipts, exclusive of grants for buildings, rents, and equipment, in the case of classes conducted by Education Boards or High School Boards, and 22-39 per cent, in the case of classes conducted by Technical School Boards or Managers. The total receipts from all sources exceeded the total expenditure by £11,334, as compared with £3,180 for the previous year. The increase in this amount is largely due to an extension of the system of progress capitation payments, by which provision was made early in 1917 for the payment in regular monthly instalments within the school-year of an amount approximating to the total capitation earn ngs for the year. The statements of receipts for 1917 by controlling authorities show accordingly a much larger increase in capitation, receipts than previously, while the monetary assets of controlling authorities on the 31st December show a corresponding decrease. Payments by the Government by way of capitation, grants for buildings, rents, equipment, and material, and subsidies on voluntary contributions represented 80 per cent, of the total receipts for the year. The following is a statement of monetary assets and liabilities, as at the 31st December, 1917, of Education Boards as controlling authorities of technical classes and of Technical School Boards and Managers : —

Monetary Assets. Bank balances Other assets. . Education Boards. £ s. d. 10,471 12 3 6,829 3 8 rccnnu-ai minooi noarus rrt . . i »i Totals and Managers. and managers. £ s. d. £ s. d. 11,560 9 0 22,032 1 3 12,111 6 2 18,940 9 10 Technical School Boards and Managers. £ s. d. 11,560 9 0 12,111 6 2 Totals £ s. d. 22,032 1 3 18,940 9 10 Total assets .. 17,300 15 11 1.7,300 15 11 23,671 15 2 40,972 11 1 23,671 15 2 40,972 11 1 Liabilities. Overdrafts Other Liabilities .. ; 11,364 15 9 5,013 18 5 2,807 4 0 14,172 0 3 6,896 7 11 12,510 0 4 __! . I Total liabilities . 10,978 14 2 9,703 12 5 20,082 0 7

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Of the nine Education Boards four show net credit balances totalling £6,507, and five show a total net debit balance of £6,185. Of the Technical School Boards or Managers (nineteen in number) eighteen show net credit balances totaling £16,733, and one a net debit balance of £2,765. The following is a summary of the expenditure by the Government on technical instruction during the financial year ended the 31st March, 1918 : — £ Capitation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 79, 816 Subsidies on voluntary contributions .. .. .. .. 2,154 Homo-science bursaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,542 Grants in aid of material for class use .. .. .. .. 2,003 Grants for buildings and equipment .. .. .. .. .. 6,898 Grants for rents of buildings .. .. .. .. .. 1,217 Conveyance of— Instructors .. .. .. .. .. .. £261 Students .. .. .. .. .. .. 126 Free pupils .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,856 3,243 Examinations .. .. .. .. .. .. . . 291 inspectors' salaries and travelling-expenses .. .. .. .. 1,241 War bonus to instructors .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,911 100,316 Less recoveries (examination fees, &c.) .. .. .. .. 117 £100,199 The expenditure was at the rate of £4-8 per student, as compared with £4-3 for the previous year. Included in the total expenditure is £3,473 from nationalendowment revenue.

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No. 2. TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION IN THE SEVERAL EDUCATION DISTRICTS AUCKLAND DISTRICT. Extract prom the Report op the Director op the Auckland Technical School. Technical High School. —The school aims at providing for boys and girls who have passed the Sixth Standard of the primary school a modern secondary education which will at the end of three or four years prepare them to commence earning their living, or for the continuation of higher studies at a technical or University college. Unfortunately, a very small percentage of the pupils take even a three-years course at the school, only about 50 per cent, of those enrolling annually continuing even for a second-year course. This is no doubt due in many cases to parents being unable to afford to keep their children longer at school, and with the high wages now offered for juvenile labour —often, I am sorry to say, in "blind alley" occupations—so that rather than remain at school they prefer to go to work, and thus have the spending of sometimes not an inconsiderable portion of their earnings. I am frequently informed by parents that they " would mucli prefer John (or Mary, as the case may be) to remain at school, but he wants to go to work, so what can I do t " Frequently in cases where boys intend to learn a trade, such as engineering, parents would be prepared to give their sons three or four years at the school if it were not for the fact that none of the time spent there counts as part of the apprenticeship, and for a boy to serve a full apprenticeship of five or six years after he is seventeen or eighteen years of age is naturally distasteful alike to boy and parent. The number of pupils enrolled in the High School last year was 541 —273 girls and 268 boys— as compared with 508 in 1916—243 girls and 265 boys. That the school is filling a public want is, 1 think, indicated by the steady annual increase in the number of pupils since its inception in 1906, and by the great demand by employers for our students. Last year it became increasingly difficult to find accommodation for the day pupils, and the only way of doing so was by making the classes as large as the class-rooms would possibly hold, and even after this had been done it was necessary to refuse admission to a number of applicants. This meant that boys and girls who had earned their right to a free place at the school were denied the privilege, and were compelled cither to content themselves with evening classes at the school or to attend other secondary schools and take up a course of training which they did not desire and for which probably they were not fitted either by tastes or faculties. The Board is to be heartily congratulated on the action it took towards the end of last year in calling for tenders for the levelling of the grounds attached to the school and for the erection of a modern swimming-bath. Previously, on account of the configuration of the ground, which consisted entirely of hills and gullies, there was practically no playground (other than the flat roof for girls) for either boys or for girls. When the work is completed, and the iron building now used as a woodwork department is replaced by an up-to-date workshop block, excellent level playgrounds will be available for both boys and girls, whilst the swimming-bath, which will, be a tepid one, will satisfy a long-felt want. The courses of instruction provided in the Technical High School last year were as follows : For girls —business training, and domestic science; for boys—agriculture, business training, science and technology, and engineering. Whilst over 80 per cent, of the girls took the businesstraining course, over 75 per cent, of the boys were receiving training to fit them to enter trades, professions, or agricultural pursuits, less than 25 per cent, taking up business training. The school was as successful as in previous years in external examinations. In the City and Guilds of London Institute examinations twenty-two certificates were obtained, twelve of these being in mechanical engineering. Two pupils obtained Junior National Scholarships, whilst fourteen passed the Public Service Entrance Examination, and twelve the Intermediate. 138 students were awarded senior free places by the Education Department. Four students who had completed three years' training in the domestic-science course and who wished eventually to become domestic-science teachers entered for two or more groups of the Teachers' D Examination. Of these one obtained a pass in four groups, and the other three in two groups. During the year the school suffered a great loss by the death of Lieutenant A. V. Donnan, late instructor in agriculture, who died of wounds in France in June last. Kveiling and Special Day Glasses. —These classes were held as in previous years. The number of individual students in attendance was 1,218. Thirty-three students were successful in passing examinations of the City and Guilds of London Institute, two passed the Public Service Senior Examination, five the Public Service Entrance, and one the Intermediate. In the Matriculation Examination of the University of New Zealand five students passed the examination, three obtained partial passes, and three who had previously obtained partial passes completed the examination. Six students were successful in the A Examination of the Pharmacy Board of New Zealand, and

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one the B Examination. The certificate in book-keeping of the University of New Zealand was obtained by three students. Seventy-two students were awarded senior free places by the Education Department. The continuation classes for pupils who had not passed the Sixth Standard were attended by 157 students, and of these forty-six obtained certificates of proficiency, and thirteen certificates of competency. Teachers' Classes. —As in previous years, the Board made it compulsory for pupil-teachers and probationers in the city and suburban sohools to attend classes in hygiene and botany. These teachers also had the opportunity of attending classes in many other subjects of the D and C Examinations, and a large number of them availed themselves of the privilege. In the last Teachers' Certificate Examination four students obtained the full C four passed in four subjects, four in three subjects, and seven in two subjects, whilst one obtained special distinction in English language and literature. In the D Examination twenty-seven obtained the full certificate, and thirty-three a partial pass; eleven obtained a pass or partial pass in four groups, twenty-three in three groups, twenty-five in two groups, and two in one group. One pupil-teacher obtained special distinction in three subjects—viz., mathematics part I and part 11, and drawing with instruments. Students of the Auckland Training College received instruction in the following subjects : Art, domestic science, and manual training (woodwork). General. —I have again to draw attention to the manner in which the work of the school is handicapped by the building not having been completed. In consequence the evening classes have to be accommodated in the Normal School, the old building in Rutland Street, and in the temporary iron building at the back of the school. When these disabilities are removed, and all classes are housed under one roof, still greater efficiency in the work of the school may be expected. In conclusion, I wish to tender my thanks to the Board for its cordial and sympathetic co-operation, and to the members of my staff for their loyalty and untiring energy. George George, Director. Extract prom the Report op the Supervisor op Manual and Technical Instruction. Technical and continuation classes were held regularly throughout the year at ten centres, whilst Matamata and Te Kuiti were opened only for the latter part of the year. The following list shows the number of students who attended each centre: Dargaville, 55; Pukekohe, 67; Te Aroha, 45; Thames, 101; Te Kopuru, 62; Matamata, 31; Devonport, 88; Hamilton, 191; Otahuhu, 58; Whangarei, 146; Waihi, 135; Te Kuiti, 39. English and arithmetic, book-keeping, shorthand and typewriting, trade drawing and woodwork, and dressmaking classes were held at nearly all the centres. A plumbing class was held at Thames, and plumbing and engineering classes at Hamilton. Hygiene and first-aid classes were conducted at most of the centres, and were fairly well attended. As in previous years, regulations requiring the attendance of young persons between the ages of fourteen and seventeen years were in force at Dargaville, Devonport, Te Kopuru, and Pukekohe; and for boys only at Hamilton, Otahuhu, Thames, Te Aroha, Waihi, and Whangarei. Classes in practical dressmaking conducted throughout the year at Morrmsville, Paeroa, Hamilton, Cambridge, and Thames were well attended. At Onehunga and Birkenhead term classes in practical dressmaking were held ami received good support. During the year no fewer than seventeen special classes for teachers were held, mainly to enable country teachers to secure the requisite practical certificate for teachers' examinations. No fewer than 332 individual teachers attended these classes. The classes comprised hygiene, botany, dairy science and agriculture, and were held at Tauranga, Waihi, Hamilton, and Auckland. A series of thirteen lectures on orchard-work and .allied subjects for farmers was delivered in Auckland during the year, and the class had a roll number of forty-five. Each lecture was conducted by a specialist on the particular subject. At the close of the session the class expressed the hope that a similar series might be started in 1918. A correspondence class (agriculture and dairy science) for farmers was conducted, -and 160 members residing in all parts of the education district received the full set of notes on these subjects. J. P. Kalaugher, Supervisor. Extract phom the Report op the Director op the " Elam " School op Art, Auckland. In spite of the increasing claims of war on workers of all ages the first term of the year was a good one, the attendance being better than that for the year preceding the war. The restricted railway service and the discontinuance of the issue of railway commutation tickets to students caused a noticeable reduction in the attendances during the latter part of the year, when for the first time since the commencement of the war the attendances were a little below normal. Quite a considerable proportion of our students live .at a, distance, and to ask. country students of arts and crafts to pay full railway fares each time they attend classes in town means that most of them must give up their work altogether. _ The total number of attendances registered during the year was 22,843, but this does not include 3 248 attendances made by junior students who come chiefly on Saturdays, and on whose attendances capitation cannot be claimed on account of their being under age or otherwise disqualified. . • . The offer of free studentships to returned soldiers to enable them to learn how to make a living at some of the trades allied to art and applied arts has again, unfortunately, brought very little response. Only two returned soldiers have availed themselves of the offer, and neither remained for any length of time.

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In the various sections of applied art there were rather fewer students than usual, but those who attended_ were more than usually enthusiastic, and a large amount of excellent work was produced, which met with great appreciation from the public when it was shown at the annual exhibition of students' work. • The life class, consisting principally of the senior students, has also suffered from war needs, and quite a number of students have had to leave to go into camp during the'year. The "roll of honour " of the school at the present time contains the names of seventy-nine students. I am very glad to see an increasing number of students taking up design and commercial art. This year there has been a noticeable increase in the number, and much excellent work has been produced, some of which found a ready market at once. Altogether, considering the disabilities entailed by the war* I have no hesitation in saying that the result of the yeaj-'s work may be considered very satisfactory. E. W. Payton, Director. TARANAKI DISTRICT. Extract prom the Report of the Director op the New Plymouth Technical School. During the year classes were held at New Plymouth (444 students), Hawcra (169 students), Eltham (67 students), and Stratford (108 students). New Plymouth Technical School. —At the day classes full courses of instruction were carried out in the following : Engineering, commercial, domestic, arts and science, woodwork, agriculture. Early in the year the engineering students were enabled to move into the new building provided by 'the Education Department, the increased facilities being much appreciated by both pupils and staff. The workshop was fitted up entirely by the boys under the direction of the instructors, and a start was made with the wiring of the building for lighting purposes. This work proved a most valuable experience to the students concerned. During the year Mr. Kirkpatrick, senior engineering instructor, was called into camp; and Mr. Skelton was appointed to take charge during his absence, while Mr. Wright was appointed to act as assistant during that period. We find that students who have taken the engineering course for the three years are readily employed in the various engineering establishments and garages of the province, while occasionally a student will go straight on to Canterbury College. Owing to the difficulty of obtaining suitable instruction in book-keeping, the commercial class was reconstructed. Two instructors were appointed for shorthand and typing, while the bookkeeping was taught by a visiting instructor. The general work of the class was taken up by other members of the school staff. This rearrangement worked very well, and good work was accomplished under the new conditions. Towards the end of the year thirty-nine students sat for the Pitman elementary certificate in shorthand, and all were successful in passing. The domestic class was again a small one. There seems to be no eagerness on the part of the girls to take a course in domestic science. Those who did take up the work obtained a good year's training, and some of the specimens of dressmaking and needlework exhibited at the end of the year were much admired by the lady visitors. A class for instruction in subjects of general education was conducted for the convenience of those wishing to become teachers. In addition to the ordinary subjects for examination a I raining was given in handwork and in the various branches of drawing; also one lesson in elementary radiology was given each week. During the year several of the students were enabled to gain some practical experience as relieving teachers, and from reports received from the various localities in which they worked the students appear to have acquitted themselves well. The following successes from the class were recorded in examinations at the end of the year : Senior Free Place, six students passed; Junior Scholarship, one passed; Matriculation, two completed; Teachers' 1), three gained partial passes in all groups; Public Service Senior, one passed in algebra and arithmetic. Art work was taken up voluntarily by students from each of the main courses. Any student was allowed to take one lesson per week. The results were very encouraging, and some fine specimens of work were on view at the end of the year. At the evening classes the following subjects were taught : Dressmaking, book-keeping, shorthand, English and arithmetic, motor-car engineering, workshop practice, electrical engineering, plumbing; steam, gas, and oil engines. Most of the classes were fairly well attended, but some (notably the plumbing class) had to be discontinued for lack of support. The majority- of the pupils were "compulsory" pupils, who in many instances were somewhat apathetic with regard to the work. At the City and Guilds of London Examination held in the middle of the year students were successful in as follows: Plain cookery, 1; electrical engineering, 6; motor-car engineering, 5. At the Hawcra centre day classes were commenced at the beginning of the year, the results exceeding the most sanguine expectations. The following courses were provided : Commercial, general, engineering, agriculture, art, domestic. At the beginning of the year Mr. A. W. Tugwell was appointed commercial instructor, and some very fine work was done during the year, eighty-one of the students securing the Pitman elementary shorthand certificate, while twenty were successful in passing the second-grade examination. A course of instruction in subjects of general education was conducted on similar lines to the one at New Plymouth, and the number of students enrolled in it seems to show that it was required in the district. The students, the majority of whom had just passed Standard VI, did a creditable year's work.

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The engineering class, which was a small one, was carried on by the Supervisor, Mr. Jackson, in anticipation of an instructor for the subject being appointed. There seems to be no doubt that an engineering class at this centre will do well. Art work was taught by. the Board's instructress from New Plymouth, who. visited the centre one day in each week. Most satisfactory progress was made, some of the students showing decided ability. Evening classes were conducted as follows: Shorthand, book-keeping, cookery, dressmaking, English and arithmetic, woodwork. The work was carried on generally by the day staff, assisted in the case of dressmaking by a visiting instructress. At Eltham classes were held in the following: English, arithmetic, book-keeping, shorthand and typing, dressmaking, motor engineering. At this centre the experiment was tried of holding shorthand classes for girls at 8 o'clock in the morning. Owing to the'kindness of employers and parents the experiment proved a success, and might be tried in other centres. The difficulty of obtaining suitable instructors has always been a rather serious one in the smaller, centres, but during 1917 instructors were available in engineering from the New Plymouth staff, and in shorthand from the Hawera staff, hence the Eltham Supervisor reports that this was the first year during which it was possible to keep the classes going to the end of the year. At Stratford classes were held in shorthand, motor engineering, plumbing, dressmaking, advanced English and Latin, and English ami arithmetic. Sonic of the dressmaking students travelled upwards of thirty miles to attend the class. This was the only centre where the attendance was quite voluntary, and the numbers must be considered to have been very satisfactory. An attempt was made to conduct a " grouped course " of instruction so that free-place students might obtain free tuition, but the results were not so satisfactory as was anticipated, and there seems every likelihood that the School Committee will recommend the Board to bring into operation regulations for compulsory attendance. Compulsory Attendance. —One would think that free instruction at continuation and technical classes would induce parents voluntarily to insist on their children taking advantage of such instruction, but this has not proved to be the case. It would appear that free classes must necessarily be followed by compulsory attendance at such classes. I think this has been the experience right throughout the Dominion with regard both to primary and to secondary or technical education. In the case of the former the compulsion docs not apply only to the districts from which a special request is made, but to every part of the country where facilities are provided; and I would respectfully suggest that the only method of dealing with attendance at technical classes is to make the clause of the Act dealing with compulsory attendance automatically operative wherever suitable classes are established. The onus of sending the boy to the class must lie with the parent. Many parents are very keen on this matter, while many others arc extremely apathetic; others again have absolutely no control over the boys, and this is the most alarming feature of all. It is pathetic to hear a strong robust man say of his fifteen-year-old son, " I will try to induce him to attend." The fault does not always lie with the lad. It is a common fallacy among us that the lads of the present day have not the same strong qualities that characterized boys " when we were young," but we must remember that many of the youths who were shirking lessons a few years ago wrote with their life-blood on the sand and rocks of Gallipoli their protest against the charge of deterioration. The lads are all right; what is lacking is discipline, and discipline must begin at home. Some of the boys are engaged in callings which militate against their attendance and progress at evening classes — e.g., hairdressers' assistants and post-office messengers. I do not suggest that these, and lads similarly placed, should be exempted, but it would be a good thing for all concerned if matters could be arranged differently. A. Gray, Director. Extract prom the Report op the Director op Agricultural Instruction. Farmers' Glasses. —These were carried on in forty centres, with an enrolment of 682. A total of 135 lectures or 'demonstrations was given. Gradually the system of two or three occasional lectures throughout the year is being dropped in favour of regular instructional work once per month except during midsummer. This section of our activities entails a great deal of heavy instructional Work and much travelling, frequently in bad weather. The following are centres visited, with enrolments in each case : Auroa (21), Lowgarth (27), Mangatoki (16), Mahoe (10), Ngaere (29), Cardiff (32), Warea (33), Oaonui (9), Opunake (14), Inglewood (4), Bell Block (32), Waitara Road (3), Lepperton (6), Maketawa (24), Durham Road (19), Egmont Village (15), Kent (14), Upper Mangorei (6), Pukeho (11), Tariki (12), Stratford (22), Toko (14), Bird (19), Kaimata (17), Waitoitoi (11), Patua (23), Pungarehu (28), Tututawa (18), Kina (9), Okato (10), Carrington (23), Rahotu (41), Newall (17), Tarata (14), Korito .(16), Awatima (5), Waitui (10), Pihama (22), Normanby (14), Matapu (12). The amount of capitation earned, by these classes was low, approximately £60. There is no doubt that for such work the rate of capitation should be increased, as the instruction is of an advanced character, and is received by men who are directly applying it in. their business. Classes in orchard-work and horticulture were held at the following centres: Central, New Plymouth (18), Fitzroy (12), Vogeltown (15), Inglewood (15), Stratford (7), Waitara (5). 'All classes did good work, and their continuation next year can be anticipated. Easter Course for Teachers. —A. short course of instruction in dairy-work, agriculture, and nature-study was carried out at New Plymouth from the 10th to the 20th April, the majority of teachers in the Board's service attending. A very profitable and interesting fortnight was spent. The roll number in these classes was 249. Robt Browne Director of Agricultural Instruction.

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WANGANUI DISTRICT. Extract prom the Report op the Director op Manual and Technical Instruction. Classes were held at Alton, Apiti, Ashhurst, Bunnythorpe, Feilding, Foxton, Glen Oroua, Halcombe, Hunterville, Kiwitea, Marten, Ohakune, Pohangina, Rongotea, Raetihi, Rangiwahia, Taihape, Utiku, Wanganui, and .Wanganui East, a total of twenty centres. The enrolments totalled 3,614, and the number of individual students 1,588. Compared with 1916, these figures show a decrease of 699 in the enrolments and 343 in the number of individual students. The subjects which showed a marked decrease in numbers were English, arithmetic, typewriting, vocal music, telegraphy, art, cookery, ambulance and home nursing, woodwork, motor and mechanical engineering, and electric wiring. Increased numbers attended day classes and classes in plumbing, mechanical drawing, steam-engines, agriculture and horticulture, magnetism, and electricity, chemistry and home science, economics,-French, Latin, art needlework, and millinery. There is no doubt that the war is responsible for the decrease in the number of adult male students. At the Feilding Technical School the enrolments totalled 960. Sixty-seven were free-place pupils, sixty-nine attended under the compulsory clause of the Act, and seven were discharged soldiers. To enable the discharged soldiers to carry out practical work in connection with the subjects chosen by them arrangements were made with local firms for the use of their workshops. Eleven students passed the annual examination for senior free places, three gained certificates of proficiency, and fifteen passed the Board's examination for certificates in book-keeping. The General Council of Education recommended the establishment of a technical high school at this centre when a suitable site was secured. It is expected that the efforts of the Technical School Committee.in this direction will be successful. The compulsory clause of the Act came into operation at the beginning of the year and ran very smoothly. Practically every compulsory student took a course of instruction which had a direct bearing on the occupation in which he was engaged. At Marton the Technical School had a most successful year, the number of enrolments being 505. The compulsory clause of the Act came into operation, and eighty-eight students were enrolled in consequence. Considerable opposition to the idea "of compulsory attendance was shown in past years, but this lias disappeared, and there was hardly a suggestion of friction during the year. The Technical School Committee and the Director worked hard to ensure the smooth working of the compulsory classes by providing instruction to meet the needs and inclinations of all, and by spreading and putting into action the idea that the classes are not regarded so much as compulsory but as free classes. A conveniently fitted-up cloak-room for ladies was added to the school, and the boys in the woodwork, class fitted the workshop with shelves and made furniture for the office. The grounds were nicely laid out in lawns, flower-beds, and shrubberies, and the appearance of the school was thereby vastly improved. Wanganui Technical School. —The roll number of the day school was 270, which is considerably higher than in any previous year. In 1915 it was 190, and in 1916 250. As at other centres, there was a decrease in the number of adult students. The number of individual students was 630, as compared with 735 in 1916. There were many changes in the staff. The Board was, however, fortunately able to secure well-qualified teachers to fill the vacancies. The following are the numbers of pupils who passed the various examinations : Matriculation, fourteen; Public Service Entrance, thirteen; Senior National Scholarships, two scholarships -won (one boy gained highest marks for the Dominion); Junior National Scholarships, three scholarships won (one boy gained highest marks for the district); Public Service Commissioner's Typists' Examination, one senior grade, fourteen junior grade; Education Board's Speed Shorthand and Typewriting Examination, eight passed at rates of 70 to 120 words per minute in shorthand, and nine passed at 26 to 35 words per minute in typewriting; Education Board's Bookkeeping Examination, sixteen senior grade, twenty-five junior grade, and three preliminary grade. The Boys' Hostel was continued, the average roll being twenty-four. A Girls' Hostel was opened in charge of a member of the school staff. It provides accommodation for the lady teachers as well as for country girl students. The hostels are very important auxiliaries to the school. The present buildings are too small to meet requirements, and it is unfortunate that this lack of accommodation should have necessitated the turning-away of a number of intending students from country districts. The sports activities of the school were fully maintained, and in the various competitions the boys' teams were very successful. The Department authorized a considerable sum for the purchase of apparatus and for the erection of a carpentry workshop ami a motor-engineering shop. The latter is already too small. It provides means for a needed extension of the engineering department, and it is hoped that a grant for its enlargement will be available in the near future. Compulsory Continuation Glasses. —Classes under section 124 of the Act were held at Wanganui, Feilding, and Marton, and at the beginning of the current year were instituted at Taihape. A proposal to bring the clause into operation in Ohakune is being considered by the local Committee. The Board has had no cause to regret its action in 1912 in making a commencement with the compulsory system. The Truant Officer issued twenty-three summonses to defaulters in Wanganui. In the thirteen cases which came before the Court convictions were recorded. At Feilding a few warning notices were sent out. At Marton it was not even necessary to issue a single warning. It has been the experience of those in charge of the classes tha<fc once the pupils become interested in their work the element of compulsion disappears. Many compulsory pupils have made excellent students. Saturday classes for the training of teachers in agricultural science were held at Wanganui, Feilding, and Taihape. A winter school was held at Wanganui in June. Teachers' Saturday art classes were regularly conducted at Feilding, Wanganui, and Taihape. The syllabus for teachers'

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D drawing was covered, and a great deal of attention given to proper methods of teaching drawing in schools. Regular home-work exercises, bearing upon each day's lesson, were given, and these exercises were in a great measure responsible for the very satisfactory progress made by nearly all students. During the last term of the year head teachers were asked to supervise the blackboard drawing practice of their trainees—a plan, that produced very satisfactory results. In connection with the winter school for science subjects, a course in drawing (thirty-five students) and handwork (fourteen students) was conducted by Mr. Watkin. Additional illustrated articles by Mr. Watkin, on the teaching of drawing, were published in the Leaflet during the year, and from reports received have been very helpful to teachers. Local bodies, associations, and private individuals continue to give financial support, the contributions last year, including those due at the end of the year, amounting to £525 15s. 6d. The thanks of the Board are due to the following, in addition to. many individual subscribers: Feilding, Marton, and Wanganui Borough Councils; Kiwitea, Manawatu, Oroua, Pohangina, Rangitikei, Waitotara, and Wanganui County Councils; Feilding and Manawatu Agricultural and Pastoral Associations; Marton Chamber of Commerce; New Zealand Farmers' Union; Raetihi Town Board; St. John Ambulance Brigade; Wanganui Builders' Association; and Wanganui Plumbers' Association. \y. H. Swanger, Director of Manual and Technical Instruction. Extract from the Report op the Controlling Authority op the Palmerston North Technical School. During the past year the technical classes have been very well attended. The commercial and dressmaking classes were the most popular.. Owing to the war the plumbing class lapsed for want of students. The class has, however, recommenced this year. A course suitable for electric wiremen has been instituted, and the class on the whole has been well attended. As the London City and Guilds Examination for this work will not be held this year the class will be examined by local examiners at the end of the year, and a technical certificate issued until such time as the students may be able to sit for the London City and Guilds Examination. Several pupils were successful in passing the Shorthand Speed Examinations for the Pitman's certificate, and a very complimentary report on the work of the book-keeping classes was received from the president of the local branch of the Society of Accountants. The work of the school on the whole for the year has been most satisfactory; the staff has been most regular and punctual in attendance, and has always taken keen interest in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the school. <\\ |; Hodder Chairman, Palmerston North High School Board. Extract from the Report op the Director op the Palmerston North Technical School. The total number of classes working during the year was fifty-six. The number of individual students was 6"60, of whom 176 were free pupils and 484 were paying students, the total enrolments being 1,150. The commercial course continued to attract a large number of students, there being no- less than six classes in shorthand, with an average of seventeen; five in typewriting, with an average of fifteen; and two in book-keeping, with an average of twenty-five. Good work has been done, and about twelve of our advanced pupils sat for the Shorthand Speed Examination (Pitman's). The local "branch of the New Zealand Society of Accountants has again conducted the Bookkeeping Examinations, and has awarded two special prizes for the best junior and senior papers. The typewriting department has been considerably improved by the purchase of twelve new machines which, with the good machines already in use, make the class-room quite up to date in every particular. The school is now able to accommodate up to 100 pupils in the typewriting classes. The domestic course has been fairly well attended, the dressmaking class being the most popular. Eleven classes continued throughout the year, with an average attendance of from twelve to fourteen pupils in each. Two millinery classes were held throughout the year, with an average attendance of fifteen in each. The attendance at the cookery classes was about the same as for the previous year. A high standard of work in all classes of the domestic course was maintained. The Technical School Board is indebted to Mr. T. R. Moore for a generous donation of £5 for cookery prizes, for the purpose of encouraging more girls to take up this important branch of their education. Four students sat for the London City and Guilds Cookery Examinations, and all were successful, two receiving first-class passes and two second-class passes. The science and engineering classes, on the whole, have been only, fairly well attended, many of the boys having to work at night in consequence of the shortage of labour. About ten to fourteen boys are being prepared.for the Electrical Wiremen's Examination. The arts and crafts department shows a falling-off in the number of students, but the work is quite up to the standard of former years. Two classes in first aid and home nursing were conducted. Of forty-eight students who sat for the St. John Ambulance certificates thirty-seven were successful. The wool-classing and sheep-shearing classes were well attended. The thanks of the Technical School Board are due to the Minister in Charge of the Agricultural Department for the supply of wool. The class in industrial history and economics continued to be well patronized, and showed a record attendance.

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The Standard VI proficiency class is undoubtedly one of the most useful classes in the school, as it gives to all who have been unable to pass Standard VI an opportunity of reaching that standard of education. About fourteen students are to be presented for the examination this year. Reviewing the work of the school as a whole, there is no doubt that much good work has been accomplished, as is shown by the good positions obtained by the pupils attending the classes. The credit is due largely to the punctuality ami earnestness of the instructors, who take a personal interest in their pupils. The school is fortunate in its staff. The school- is indebted to the Borough Council, Kairanga County Council, Working-men's Club, Workers' Educational Association, ami the Farmers' Union Executive for valuable assistance in the way of donations. ■ p jj Opie Director HAWKE'S BAY DISTRICT. Kxtract prom the Report op the Diueotor of Manual and Technical Instruction. Technical classes were conducted during the year at Hastings and Gisborne. At Hastings classes jn agricultural chemistry and book-keeping for fruitgrowers were held during the winter months. Good work was done in each subject. The total roll was fifteen, and the average attendance thirteen. At Gisborne the classes conducted, with the roll numbers of each, were as follows: Telegraphy, 19; invalid cookery, 12; carpentry, 6; English, 32; arithmetic, 31; mathematics, 6; book-keeping, 34; typewriting, 20; shorthand, 25; accountancy, 22; Latin, 5; French, 12. There was an increase in the number of pupils attending classes as holders of free places, three senior free pupils and eighteen junior free pupils having been admitted at the beginning of the year. The work of the majority of these pupils was very satisfactory. The Gisborne Borough Council contributed £20 towards the funds of the classes, and Mr. James Stafford presented a chest of carpenter's tools. The attendance throughout the year was not all that could be desired, but a number of the students were required to work overtime in the evenings, and this greatly interfered with, the average attendance. Classes for the training of teachers in drawing and elementary hygiene were established at Gisborne, Napier, and Dannovirke. The attendance and progress were very satisfactory. Winter and summer schools for uncertificated teachers were held at Gisborne and Hastings respectively. The subjects of instruction included English, arithmetic, geography, history, methods of teaching, hygiene, agriculture, and dairy science. Twenty-five teachers attended at Gisborne and thirtyfour at Hastings. Ernest G. Loten, Director of Manual and Technical Instruction. Extract prom the Report op the Director of the Napier Technical School. The total number of pupils enrolled in the Technical High School was 130, of whom sixtyseven were first-year pupils, forty-five second-year pupils, sixteen third-year pupils, and two fourth-year pupils. There were fifty-four boys ami seventy-six girls enrolled. There were eight paying pupils, ten receiving free tuition under the Board of Managers, the remainder being holders of proficiency certificates. The courses provided were the same as were provided last year. Thirty-seven pupils took the trade course, seventeen the commercial course, and seventy-six the combined commercial and domestic course. The physical development of the pupils has been satisfactorily attended to. Friday afternoons from 2 o'clock have been devoted to games at Nelson Park. Swimming practice has been held at the Municipals Baths throughout the year, and long-distance certificates were gained by twentyseven boys and nineteen girls, ten girls and one boy swimming over one mile. In August; Mr. W. Fossey resigned after eight years' service as Director, and was succeeded on the Ist November by Mr. I. E. Newton, of the Christchurch Technical College. The number of students enrolled in the evening classes was 300. Courses of instruction were provided as follows: Art, sixteen students; commercial, 107 students; domestic, twenty-two students; engineering, thirty-nine students; plumbing, six students; general, twenty-four students. A class for wool-classing was formed during the year, and was attended by twenty-four students. The classes were conducted in the woodwork-room under obvious disadvantages. A new room has been secured in the Athemeuni Buildings for the coming session. Eighty students from Hukarere College attended cookery classes at the school, and twenty-nine students from the Marist Brothers' School took a course in woodwork. The total number of individual students other than those attending the Technical High School was 409. Examinations for Pitman's shorthand certificates were held at the school in August and November, the results being as follows : Eleven students gained elementary certificates, and three gained theory certificates. Thanks are due to the Chamber of Commerce for its donation of a gold medal for the best commercial pupil, to Mr. A. L. Beattie for his presentation to the school of 206 blue prints of locomotives and cars, and to the various local bodies which contributed to the management of the school —namely, the Education Board, the Napier Borough Council, the Builders' Union, the Working-men's Club, and the Agricultural and Pastoral Society. I. E. Newton, Director.

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Extract from the Report op the Waipawa Technical School Board. Classes were conducted during the year at Waipawa and Waipukurau. These classes were very successful, the instructors in all cases being conscientious and capable. A cabinetmaking class at Waipawa continued from January to December, the work of the class being carried out enthusiastically through four terms. Included in the class were two returned soldiers receiving free tuition under Government regulations. At Waipukurau classes for book-keeping and shorthand were conducted during two terms. The attendance was so good at the outset that the Board was able to provide the instruction on a class fee of ss. per student per term. There was, however, a falling-off in the attendance towards the end of the course. During the winter classes for wool-sorting were commenced at Te Ante College, Waipawa, and Waipukurau respectively, but owing mainly to the heavy cost of the travelling-expenses of'the instructor, who was required to travel from Napier on three days a week, the classes had to be discontinued. Local bodies having representation on the Board contributed £25 to the funds of the classes during the year. The Board authorized an expenditure to cover the cost of materials required to enable a disabled soldier to learn the art of frcnch-polishing. Gilbert McKay, Chairman. W. Smith, Director. WELLINGTON DISTRICT. „ Extract from the Report op the Director op the Wellington Technical School. The present accommodation is severely overtaxed and is entirely unsuitable. Temporary accommodation is difficult to find in Wellington at the present time, ami it would probably cost little more per annum to provide satisfactory permanent buildings than our present buildings and rented rooms are now worth in the market. The numbers attending in the several departments of the school-work show some increase over those for last year, and the total number of those who entered at the school is a record. The attendance in the Technical High School was satisfactory, and the numbers a record for this school. In the Technical School classes there is a progressive increase in the numbers of girls and women, and a similar, but not so large, decrease in the numbers of boys and men, though the former still constitute less than half of the total. The average class entries at the technical classes were as follows: Art and art crafts, 190; building-construction, 19; carpentry and joinery, 50; plumbing, 59; engineering, 198; science, 389; domestic economy, 155; English, Latin, and arithmetic, &c, 599; commerce, 523; " Amokura " classes, 109 : giving'a total of 2,291, as compared with 2,301 for 1916. The numbers of those who took grouped courses during the year 1917, and attended well enough to earn higher capitation, were as follows: Elementary commercial, 199; higher commercial, 101; science and mathematics, 41; trades, 186; domestic, 23; art and art crafts, 48; returned soldiers, 29: total, 627. Adding 59 "Amokura" boys and 336 Technical High School students, it appears that out of *1,592 students enrolled during the year 1,022 took -grouped courses of some value, a percentage of 643, as compared with 655 for the year 1916 and 674 for 1915. Leaving out paying students in day classes, who were compelled to attend grouped courses, there remain 719 fee-paying students, of whom 223 took grouped courses. The following is an analysis of the numbers of students admitted during the year 1917 : Technical High School— Free students, 326; paying students, 10: total, 336. Other classes: Junior free students— First year, 163; second year, 99; third year, 2; fourth year, 1: senior free students—first year, 114; second year, 70; third year, 31; fourth year, 3; fifth year, 1 : paying students, 719; returned soldiers,. 29; scholarship-holders and others receiving free tuition, 24: total, 1,256, of which number 708 were males and 548 females. In addition the school staff provided instruction as follows: Wellington Boys' College—woodwork and drawing, 65 pupils; Wellington Girls' College—drawing and design, 237 pupils; Training College students, # pubJ.ic-school teachers, and probationers —drawing, blackboard illustration, &c, 117: a total in all of 2,011 students. Classes in art have been conducted with considerable success not only in the Art School itself, but also in the Technical High School, in the Wellington Girls' College, in the Teachers' Training College for teachers in training, and on Saturday mornings for primary-school teachers, and for the Wellington Boys' College on Saturday mornings at the Technical College. The influence of the teaching is therefore widely felt in the primary and secondary school. The science and mathematics, engineering, and building trades classes continue to do satisfactory work in spite of the general inconvenience and inadequacy of our rooms and equipment. The numbers in the commercial and continuation classes are somewhat larger than those for last year, but the proportion who attended for special subjects was larger, and on the whole the volume of work done somewhat less. Class entries for domestic economy were somewhat larger than those for last year, but these classes should be considerably more popular, and would no doubt greatly increase if we had suitable rooms. The numbers in the Technical High School were considerably above those for 1916, and a pleasing feature was that mechanical trades classes received the greatest proportionate increase. There is little doubt that the Technical High School would benefit greatly if we were provided with reasonable buildings. The boys in the carpentry classes did some work for the military authorities. The school raised the following sums for patriotic purposes: Mayoress's Trench Comforts Fund, £31 19s. 6d.; Sick and Wounded Soldiers' All Day Fund, £41 10s.

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It has not been possible for us to arrange special classes for returned soldiers, but several have attended the ordinary classes, with satisfactory results in some cases. lam convinced that, in most subjects, it would be better to arrange for separate classes for these men. At the same time the' numbers coining forward in each subject at present do not warrant the formation of special classes. In the engineering workshops, in the day classes, some of these men have done very good work; but the shop is at present overcrowded, both day and evening, with tools as well as with pupils, and it is impossible to give the students the best conditions. The buildings have been kept in good order throughout the year. The equipment has been added to where necessary, though much more is required in every branch of the work.. It is not possible, however, to use much more in our present quarters. The thanks of the school are due to the Wellington City Corporation, New Zealand Institute of Architects, and New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts, who contributed £300, £1.0, and £10 respectively to the funds of the school during the year; to Mr. J. Marchbanks for prize for competition among engineering students in the annual class examinations; and to the Master Plumbers' Association for three medals for competition among the plumbing students. W. S. La Trobe, Director. Extract prom the Report of the Director op the Petone Technical School. Although many students have gone to the war, the year 1917 must rank as one of the most successful in the history of the school. In the commercial classes there has been a further increase in the number of students in attendance, and during the year three teachers have been engaged in teaching shorthand and typewriting. Excellent progress has been made by many of the pupils in these classes. The roll number of the book-keeping and business-training class shows a marked increase. Many of the students have done very good work. The English, arithmetic, and mathematic classes are larger than in former years, and a very high standard of .work has been attained by pupils attending evening classes. This is partly accounted for by the excellent type of students attending these classes, who are aiming at acquiring an education that will enable them to fill the higher positions in life. The instrumental-drawing class has done very good work, and is fitting in. well with the carpentry, plumbing, electrical, and steam classes. In all these classes there has been a distinct advance, and much credit is due to the teachers who have worked together so well. The steam class is gradually progressing, and I feel confident that it will supply a much-needed want to the pupils of the district. I regret to say that there has not been very much advance made in the domestic classes. The dressmaking class continued during the year, but I am not in the position to say that the attendance was at all satisfactory. For years past these classes have not been altogether successful, but they are so important that we should persevere with them. The ambulance class has been most successful, and the large attendance shows what a keen interest is taken in the subject. The class had a roll number of forty-six. Wool-classing still continues to be a very popular class, and information with, regard to it is being asked for from all parts of New Zealand. There is no doubt that we have an excellent opportunity in Petone for carrying on such a class. A class was started for ladies during the latter part of the year. Most of the ladies have taken great interest in the work, and some, no doubt, will become competent woolclassers. The class established for the boys of the secondary department of the District High School has also been very successful. The fact that all the pupils started at the same time enabled the instructor to carry on the work under more favourable circumstances. The generosity of the Managers in this matter enabled the lads to obtain some knowledge of a very important subject. The plumbing class has continued to do very good work. This class has been very fortunate in its teacher. Two classes for electricitjr were conducted for senior and junior students respecWith the addition to the class equipment of a small gas or oil engine and a dynamo, the value of the instruction would be greatly enhanced. The physical-science class has been continued during the year, most of the pupils taking the subject for the Public Service Junior Examination or the Matriculation Examination. The following donations were received during the year : Petone Working-men's Club, £15 155.; Petone Borough Council, £30; Gear Meat Company, £25; Wellington Woollen Company, £5; Lower Hutt Borough Council, £20; Upper Hutt Town Board, £6 ss. Id.; Mr. Baldwin, £2 Is. 9d.; Upper Hutt Technical Committee, £6 7s. 9d. At Lower Hutt classes were carried on most successfully, the attendance throughout being greater than that for the two previous years during which the classes have been in operation. A movement in the direction of providing funds for the purchase of a site and for the erection of rooms for instruction in woodwork, cookery, and possibly science gives promise of a great advance in technical education at this centre. Jas H Lynskey Director , Extract from the Report op the Managers op the Masterton Technical School. The total number of individual students in attendance during the year was 423—187 males and 236 females —a decided increase on the attendance of any previous year. Of the 142 free-place pupils who were admitted, fifty-two were males and ninety females; 109 were holders of junior free places and thirty-one of senior free places, while two soldiers were admitted under the Government's regulations. Thirty-eight classes met weekly throughout the session as follows : English and arithmetic (two classes), 105 students; book-keeping (two classes) 99 ; accounting (one class), 35 ; general knowledge two classes), 29; typewriting and Pitman's shorthand (two classes), 61; typewriting and Gregg's

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shorthand (four classes), 101; carpentry, joinery, and cabinetmaking (two classes), 35; building and machine construction (one class), 17; magnetism and electricity (one class), 18; agricultural chemistry (one class), 11; wool-classing (two classes), 27; plumbing (two classes), 11; dressmaking (six classes), 87; art needlework (two classes), 26; cookery (two classes), 38; art (four classes), 34; elocution (two classes), 21; history and economics (University extension lectures), 63 seniors. In addition, at the request of the Wellington Education Board, two lessons in cookery were given weekly to the girls of Standards V and VI of the Lansdowne School. To enable students living at a distance to attend the Technical School for a complete commercial, a home-science, or an arts course, and to reach home daily by the late afternoon train from Masterton, the Managers included English and arithmetic and book-keeping in the time-table of 1917 day classes as well as in the evening time-table as in the past. A greatly increased attendance of country students was the result. Unfortunately, the war exigencj- time-table on the railway was brought into operation early in the session, and many of the students had to leave. Others were not able to attend all their classes as arranged. So many students entered for the book-keeping classes at the opening of the session that it was decided to inaugurate a class for accounting. To this class the more advanced free pupils taking book-keeping were transferred. Other students enrolling, the number soon reached thirtyfive, which was maintained throughout the year. A class for women in wool-sorting and wool-classing was conducted for two terms with a roll number of twelve. The ladies displayed a very keen, interest in their work. Nine of the class were awarded certificates for their success in both the theoretical and practical examinations. It'might be added that three of the ladies immediately accepted positions to class the clips on neighbouring sheep-runs. The men's evening class for wool-classing attracted an average attendance of eleven. The course in history and economics, comprising fifteen lectures, " Stepping-stones to the Twentieth Century," was again most successful, the Students' Association very materially assisting in its management. A number of students sat for Pitman's and Gregg's shorthand certificates, and the success attained was highly creditable to students and teachers alike. A member of the general-knowledge class succeeded in passing with credit marks the Public Service Entrance Examination. A student of the accounting class passed the Book-keepers' Examination of the New Zealand University. As a result of the wool-classing examination eleven candidates passed the first year's tests, while one qualified in the third year's test for a wool-classer's full certificate. The plumbing students also met with some success. In the registration examination held in June three sat for their certificates with success. One, too young to enter for the practical tests, qualified in the December registration theory examination. Two also sat with success for the City and Guilds of London Institute tests, while one sixth-year student passed the Inspectors' examination of the Sanitary Institute, London. The trophies presented by Messrs. H. Beale and S. R. Kingdou for competition among the plumbing students under twenty years of age greatly assisted in maintaining the interest of the junior students. It is the intention of the Board of Managers to award in future certificates in all departments of the school to students showing particular merit. Twenty-six pupils, whose junior free places terminated at the end of the year, were awarded senior free places entitling them to three years' additional free tuition. The statement of receipts and expenditure shows the receipts from all sources (including a credit balance of £75 lis. Id. at the beginning of the year) to have been £1,948 9s. 6d. Of this amount, £260 13s. was paid in class fees, £233 Is. in voluntary contributions, and £1,316 7s. lid. in grants from the Government. The disbursements amounted to £1,713 6s. 2d., the principal items of expenditure being—salaries, £1,028 10s. 7d,; material for class use, £84 3s. 2d.; final payment for cookery-room and for lavatory alterations, £128 10s.; furniture, fittings, apparatus, £148 3s. Id. ; advertising and printing, £65 14s. 6d. At the end of the year the balance to credit was £235 3s. 4d. The funds have been carefully conserved with a view to the erection at the earliest possible date of a motor-engineering workshop and of a laundry. Special acknowledgment is made of the financial assistance rendered by the Masterton Trust Lands Trust and the Borough Council. Thanks also are tendered to the Masterton Press and to the officers of the Education Department for their unfailing courtesy and co-operation. J. M. Coradine, Chairman. I). E. Leslie, Director. NELSON DISTRICT. Extract from the Report op the Director op the Nelson Technical School. Classes were held during the year in the following subjects: Art and art crafts, 9; commercial subjects, 8; dressmaking, 9; millinery, 3; cookery, 4; carpentry, 4; plumbing, 2; photography, 1; telegraphy, 2; engineering, 10; English and arithmetic, 5; mathematics, 1; history and geography, 1; chemistry, 1; botany, I; hygiene, 1; French, 1: a total of 63 classes. The total number of pupils enrolled for technical subjects during the session was 421, comprising 84 senior free pupils, 97 junior free pupils, I returned soldier, and 239 other students. The majority of these students took grouped courses of work. The school again showed a marked decrease in the number of adult paying students. In this respect, however, the school has suffered less than schools in larger centres. In spite of the decrease in numbers the attendance remained satisfactory on the whole. Owing to the fact that the majority of the students took definite courses of work, and that a more regular attendance was maintained, the amount of the capitation earnings for the year was greater than that for any previous year,

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The most important step in the history of the school was marked by the decision of the Education Board to appoint a fully qualified instructor who could take charge of the engineering section of the school, and devote the whole of his time to both day and evening classes. The appointment was made towards the end of the first term. About seventeen boys attended the day course, and additional evening classes were established. When increased accommodation and better equipment can be secured the future success of the engineering department will"be assured. The attendance at the day classes in engineering was excellent, many of the boys making over 800-hour attendances, and, with only one or two exceptions, earning the maximum capitation. The work done was very efficient j many additional subjects were taken which had not been before attempted, such as machine drawing and design, steam and heat engines, &c. The question of the enlargement of the workshop was brought prominently to the fore, and as a result of the departmental Inspector's visit steps were taken to acquire, if possible, additional land. A definite forward movement seemed to be the result. The evening class in woodwork was better attended than it had been for some years; some good work was done. The commercial classes, as usual, proved very attractive to the younger students. The accommodation is very inadequate, and additional typewriters are much needed. Students of these classes have been fairly successful in the various examinations, and find no difficulty in obtaining good positions in the offices of the local firms. The art and crafts classes were not so well attended as formerly; nevertheless some excellent work was done during the year, and the work shown at the exhibition surpassed in quality that of former years. The domestic classes were fairly well attended. There was a marked and well-sustained improvement in the cookery classes, and for the first time in many years the evening class in this subject was continued throughout the whole session. The display at the exhibition was a great success, and much credit was due to the instructress and the students, who spared no pains or time to make the cookery department a credit to the school. The proceeds after deducting actual expenses were devoted to the Red Cross Fund, and resulted in a good sum being handed over to the treasurer. The attendance at the telegraphy class has fluctuated a good deal owing to the frequent changes at the post-office. The plumbers' class was fairly well attended, but better facilities and improved accommodation are required in the workshop. There is perhaps more hope for the future in this respect now that the City Council has set the example and donated the sum of £25 to the school. I sincerely trust that this grant will be continued, and that other local bodies will contribute also. Some very fine specimens of the work done by students in the photography class were displayed at the annual exhibition-. The usual classes for teachers were held in drawing, chemistry, and botany, and a new class in hygiene was established. The usual exhibition of students' work was held at the end of the session, and was very well attended. In conclusion, 1 have to thank the Post and Telegraph Department for the loan of instruments, the staff of the Board for their valuable assistance, and the members of the technical staff for their loyalty and support. F c j C ockburn, Director. Extract from the Report op the Director op the Westport Technical School. The year has been a decidedly strenuous one for the staff owing to the considerable extension of the scope and operations of the school, and to the alterations, renovations, and extended equipment work carried out during the year. The difficulty of procuring material and appliances also added to the work of the staff. The number of students attending the evening engineering class has been much less than that of previous years, the reason being that most of the youths have either gone to the war or have left the town for employment. The attendance at the day engineering class was a record for the school, the capitation earnings showing an increase of £74 18s. lid. over those for the previous year. The carpentry class has had a very successful year, the attendance being quite satisfactory, while the work, especially in the ladies' department, has been excellent. Attention is drawn to the urgent necessity of a commercial class-room. It has been with great difficulty and with much extra work that the typewriters and their cabinets have been kept in working-order during the year. As in past years, the annual .exhibition of work at the school was a great success. A sale of donated goods was also held, resulting in an amount of £18 being raised for expenditure on equipment improvement. Branch classes were held at Millerton in the subject of dressmaking, and at Denniston in the subjects of dressmaking, domestic science, and metal-work. The Millerton classes were held in the primary school, and were taken by a local teacher, assisted by occasional visits from one of our permanent staff. The Denniston classes are filling a long-felt want, and are much appreciated by the residents. An exhibition of the work was held, and a sale of donated goods resulted in £14 ss. 7d. being raised for the purpose of certain equipment improvements. The total number of enrolments for all technical classes for the year was 670. There were forty-three free-place students. Capitation earnings show a considerable increase over those for the previous year. The amount, together with fees, totals about £1,250, against £952 for 1916. This total does not include an amount of capitation due on account of the instruction provided for certain classes at Reef ton.

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I take pleasure in expressing appreciation of the manner in which all members of the staff have carried out their respective duties throughout the year, often under trying circumstances. A special feature has been the large amount of equipment and repair work carried out by the engineering staff with the assistance at times of the class students. A. G. Tomkies, Director. CANTERBURY DISTRICT. Extract prom the Report of the Supervisor of Manual and Technical Instruction. War conditions generally have materially affected all technical and continuation classes throughout the district, especially in the country, where in some instances the attendances have been reduced to a minimum. Classes under the direct control of the Education Board were carried on at Geraldine, Greymouth, Hokitika, Blackball, Kaikoura, Doyleston, Leeston, and Lakeside. The new manual-training building at Geraldine has done duty as a technical school, and successful classes have been carried on at that centre. During the past year the Board has given every encouragement and every assistance to technical and continuation classes wherever there was a. prospect of these classes being carried on. In this connection the new regulations issued for technical classes by which a liberal allowance may be paid as capitation, for pupils taking up courses of instruction in agricultural, industrial, and domestic subjects should give a filip to ail technical and continuation classes throughout the district, and in the future enable all young people tf> equip themselves thoroughly as far. as education goes to compete successfully in the great industrial ami commercial struggle which is bound to take place at the conclusion of the war. Classes for pupil-teachers, probationers, and uncertificated teachers have been carried on at Timaru, Christchurch, and Greymouth. Instruction has been given in the different branches of drawing, agriculture, hygiene, and ambulance work to enable them to gain their practical certificates. All of these courses of instruction have been well attended; especially has the work done at Greymouth been appreciated by the teachers on the West Coast. R. Grant, Supervisor. Extract from the Report op the Director op the Christchurch Technical School. After twelve years of work it may be of interest to place on record a comparison between the positions at the beginning and end of this period. At the beginning of 1906 we had 204 part-time students, with 15 members on the staff, the Director only being engaged full time. In 1917 we enrolled a total of 1,730 students, 1,267 being part-time and 463 full-time, while our staff has increased to 53, 34 being full-time members and 19 part-time. For the 1916 session I was able to report a small total increase of only 24 students : last year we had an increase of 129, no less than 87 of these being credited to the Technical High. School, which surpassed the highest previous record by 42. It is peculiarly gratifying to feel that, despite the deepening tragedy of the war, there is a growing recognition that the means of remedying the evils of the present time are to be sought by way of education, and that a democracy cannot endure unless it be rightly trained. Technical High School. —The 463 pupils in the Technical High School were divided between the various courses as follows: Commercial, 216; domestic science, 70; industrial, 134; agricultural, 43. It has been an encouragement to know that other Government Departments are prepared to recognize the value of the work that is being done in our technical schools. The latest evidence of this is the proposal of the Post and Telegraph Department to limit appointments for junior mechanics and mechanicians to boys who have passed through a, course in technical high schools, and after their appointment to set them free during the day to continue their training. We may well hope that the Railway Department, which heretofore has resolutely refused to give any sort of recognition to the technical school, will be moved to emulate the example of the Post and Telegraph Department. In Victoria apprentices in the Government railway workshops are required to attend the Melbourne Technical College during the day, and are given special rewards for successful work. It is surely more than time that the New Zealand Railway Department abandoned the attitude which up to the present it has maintained. For the first time a Public Service Entrance class has been arranged in connection with our Technical High School, with a commercial and an engineering section. The action of the Commissioner in consenting to give credit in the examination for proficiency in the principles and practice of metal-work or woodwork is a gratifying sign, and I trust that similar recognition will be given to the work of our home-science departments. | While the Public Service Entrance Examination is generally regarded as a preliminary to Matriculation, and home-science bursaries may be awarded to those who have successfully passed it, it would certainly seem that housecraft has at least as much right to a place among the subjects of the examination as shorthand and book-keeping. During the year a discussion class was arranged for the senior boys. The purpose of this class is not merely to give the members an opportunity of making themselves acquainted with the formalities that accompany the conduct of public business, nor yet to enable them to cultivate a readiness of speech; it has been rather to encourage them to think clearly and independently, and if we can get them to do this we arc laying the foundation for citizenship of a stamp that will ensure progress and freedom. I hope that this year it will be possible to arrange a similar discussion class for the girls, and that its work will be rendered more solid by a study of the rise Of our social institutions.

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The links between the day school and the past and senior students and association have been considerably strengthened by an increase in our sports activities —cricket, football, and hockey. Teams composed partly of past and partly of present students have competed in the district competitions in each of these sports, and have been successful in winning their grade trophies. In the background of all our work there has been a consciousness of the terrible events that are taking place in Europe, and as in previous years the school has tried to show in a practical manner its desire to help. The home-science department has been constantly active in assisting the Red Cross, and a large amount of unostentatious help has been rendered. Some of the girls have continued to show their sympathy with the orphans of British soldiers and sailors by making garments for them; but the main effort of the year has been directed towards supplying comforts to our old boys. For this purpose the girls, under the supervision of the mistresses, have made a large number of shirts, socks, mittens, balaclavas, &c, which have been forwarded, together with coffee, cocoa, milk, cigarettes, etc. Many of the boys, too, have given up their spare time to earn money by gardening or other work, and have handed over the whole of their receipts to the Parcels Fund. Technical Evening School. —Though our evening and special classes show on the whole an increase, some departments have suffered severely. The numbers in our trade classes have declined from 773 to 663, partly on account of the withdrawal of students who are now on service, and partly no doubt as a result of the unsettlement caused by the approach of the time for service. Our home-science classes were attended only by 265, as compared with 342 in 1916. This decrease, 1 believe, is due to the large demands made by the war on the time of our womenfolk. There is so much to do in the way of Red Cross and other work that such personal matters as increasing one's proficiency in cookery, dressmaking, and millinery have had, by many, to be put aside. The numbers in the typographical and in the various engineering classes have been well maintained, and some excellent work has been done, as is shown by the fact that every. student who sat for the City and Guilds Examination in electrical engineering succeeded in passing; but there has been a lamentable falling-off in the plumbing and cabinetniaking classes that no war conditions can be held to explain. The explanation is, I think, rather to be sought in the present conditions of the trades. The increased facilities which the Minister has given for free education in technical schools will help to remove the barrier that has prevented so many deserving and desirable pupils from benefiting by the means of self-improvement that are at hand. Very few students have so far presented themselves with endorsed competency certificates; but the step taken is altogether in the right direction, for it is a common experience in technical schools to find pupils who have been unable to secure proficiency certificates easily surpassing in a year or two many of those who have them. When it becomes generally known that free education in the industrial and homescience courses of evening schools is now offered to those who have left the public primary schools without passing the Sixth Standard, provided they are recommended by an Inspector of Schools, this privilege will no doubt be taken advantage of by many who have been handicapped in their early education. When this institution was founded twelve years ago our ideas with regard to it were much too small, and we have suffered ever since from the inadequate provision made for growth. Matters became so acute that the Board was compelled to apply to the Government for a grant not only for the erection of additional rooms, but also for remodelling the cloak-room and lavatory arrangements. These extensions are being proceeded with, and the need for them has become more imperative than ever on account of the large increase that has taken place in our Technical High School in the 1918 session. Two additional class-rooms, together with an agricultural room and an art room, are being added to the south wing of the school, while-cloak-room accommodation is being nearly doubled. The Board has resolved to erect a hall and physical-training department as a memorial to the self-sacrifice of so many of its students, and it is hoped that, in addition to these, provision will be made for a centre which will serve as a rallying ground for our students' associations. We must recognize that the education of the class-room is after all only a part of the education which such an institution ought to offer, and that in addition to mental and physical training we should give opportunities for the development of those faculties that are of importance in civic and in social life. It is hoped that every one who has been connected with the school will do his part in making the memorial not unworthy of the devotion that its old students have shown. John H. Howell, Director. Extract prom the Report op the Director op the Ashburton Technical School. The session opened in February with about the same enrolment as in the previous year, with ■ an increase in commercial, art, and primary-school classes, and a decrease in domestic and trade classes. This decrease is the inevitable result of the great upheaval in trade and industrial circles caused by the war. The girls who formerly took the domestic course are now taking commercial courses, owing to the demand for girls in offices on account of shortage of young men. The decrease in the trade classes is due to a similar reason : as soon as our senior students attain the necessary age they offer themselves for military service. The number of individual students who attended technical classes was 424, against 427 for the previous year. This is very satisfactory in face of the strenuous times through which we are now passing. The details of the several departments are as follows : Domestic science—cookery (roll number 69); dressmaking (214); home nursing (24); home science (18); hygiene (7) ; millinery (125) : commercial and general—accountancy (8); arithmetic (146); book-keeping (133); business

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methods (29); English (167); French (7); geography (16); history (16); shorthand (Gregg) (36); shorthand (Pitman) (110); typewriting (212): trade and industrial—agriculture (15); carpentry (50); farm carpentry (24); farm metal-work (22); geometry (14); machine construction and drawing (4); physical science (15); practical mathematics (25); plumbing (14); shearing (12); trade drawing (10); wool-classing (52); woodwork (15): art —painting and design (25); arts and crafts (12). In addition the school provided instruction for primary- and secondary-school pupils in cookery (roll number 235) and woodwork (309). The effects of the war will be seen in the reduction of capitation; country boys and girls who formerly attended for two or three days a week have only been able to attend for one day, as their assistance was required on their parents' farms. The curtailment of railway services during tlie first term of the present year caused some disorganization of the school-work for a time, and also consequent loss of capitation. The dressmaking, millinery, art needlework, and pen-painting classes, though not so large as last year, have again been very successful. Successful classes in dressmaking and millinery have been conducted at Mayfield, Methven, and Lyndhurst. The home-nursing class has been doing splendid work. The large amount of gratuitous knitting for soldiers accomplished during the year is a task to be proud of, and is, I am sure, appreciated by " our boys." The woodwork and trade-drawing classes have this year surpassed previous years for quality of work produced. Mr. Marquet, instructor in wool-classing, was appointed Wool Inspector to the Imperial Government at the beginning of the year, and resigned his instructorship. Mr. Carlyle has capably conducted the classes throughout the year. The students in the metal-work classes have again produced good work, proving the value of the instruction given. During the year an attempt has been made to revive the plumbing class, but the support given was disappointing. The fault lies with the apprentices ami employees; the employers have given every support and encouragement possible. The book-keeping classes have been doing very good work, and the work of the senior students taking accountancy and company work is worthy of special mention. The shorthand classes have been maintained up to their usual standard. The work of the art classes in drawing and painting has shown great improvement. Forty students were awarded free places on the results of last year's examination. -One student sat for City and Guilds of London Examination in cookery, and obtained first-class pass. This year five students sat for City and Guilds Examination, two for Public Service, and fortythree for Senior Free Place. At the annual Ashburton Agricultural and Pastoral Association Show held in March last we had the usual fine exhibition of students' work. Our domestic students were successful in obtaining prizes in the open classes for knitting, pen-painting, and needlework. At the annual Agricultural and Pastoral Show in Methven our students were successful in obtaining three first prizes, three second prizes, and one third prize for drawing. During the year I have compiled a, list (though incomplete) of members of the staff and ex-students who have joined the colours. So far as I have been able to ascertain there were six members of the part-time staff and fifty-three ex-students, of whom ten have made the supreme sacrifice. In connection with ex-students serving at the front, the pupils and staff of this school sent each Christmas parcels, and the girls of the home-nursing class have contributed 240 knitted articles for the comfort of " our boys-." There are world-wide signs that we are at last waking up to the importance of education. Our schools are the nation's most important workshops, and must be kept up to the highest point of efficiency. It seems strange that a nation of manufacturers has to be continually reminded that the products of these workshops are men and women, and upon the class or quality of these products will depend the future of our nation. The thanks of the Board, arc due to the following contributing bodies: County Council, Borough Council, Canterbury Sheepowners' Union, Ashburton Agricultural and Pastoral Association, High School Board, Borough and Hampstead School Committees, and numerous private subscribers who have generously contributed monetary and other support. A. L. Moore, Director. Extract from, the Report of the Director of the Kaiapoi Technical School. During the year classes have been held in woodwork, dressmaking, French, and wool-classing. The manager of the Kaiapoi Woollen-mills kindly supplied the wool for the wool-classing class. As electricity has now been installed it is hoped that classes will be formed in this subject. The contributing bodies have again kindly responded. Thos. Douds, Director. Extract from the Report op the Akaroa Technical School Board. During the year the usual school classes in woodwork and cookery were held, the former, as was the case last year, necessitating two classes being conducted. For technical classes the difficulty of the expense of -obtaining instructors specially qualified is always considerable, but an opportunity was afforded for obtaining a suitable instructor for a dairy-science class. The Managers were, however, most disappointed at the response from those to whom this is a most important subject. The demand for classes in woodwork, cookery, and dressmaking was practically nil, so these classes were not persevered with. Wilfred W. Garton, Secretary.

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Extract prom the Report op the Director of the Timaru Technical School. The total number of students who enrolled during the year was 337, being one more than the number for 1916. Of this number, 124 were admitted as free pupils and 213 as paying pupils. Twenty-four recognized classes were carried on, taught by thirteen different instructors. The total number of class entries was 673, as follows: English (compulsory), 93; arithmetic (compulsory), 102; book-keeping, 106; shorthand, 65; typewriting, 88; cookery, 41; dressmaking, 40; electricity, 10; woodwork, 22; wool-classing, 22; drawing and painting, 22; motor-car class, 40; horticulture, 22. In addition to the above, 30 boys from the Boys' High School attended for wool-classing, and 18 girls from the Girls' High School for typewriting. The commercial course was again the most popular in the school. Of the free pupils who joined 83 took book-keeping, 74 typewriting, 59 shorthand, 86 English, 94 arithmetic. The numbers for the other classes were as follows: Cookery, 4; dressmaking, 12; electricity, 6; wool-classing, 6; drawing, 10; motor-car class, 3. The free pupils numbered 31- less than for the previous year, and it is somewhat difficult to find a satisfactory explanation for the continued falling-ofi. It may be that it is easier for boys and girls to find positions since so many men have gone on active service, and also that picture entertainments prove an attraction. All boys and girls who have applied to the school for instruction have been provided for, and no demand has been made for instruction in any subject not on the syllabus. The results obtained during the year were highly satisfactory so far as the instruction was concerned, and this was proved by the results of the annual examinations. It was felt that the pupils had not done better work in any previous year, and the attention given to the instruction was all that could be desired. It, is becoming quite a common practice for business people to apply to the school for junior assistants, and it is often left to the Director to select the pupil he considers best fitted for the position. The eveningclasses are not taken as much advantage of as they should be, and to some extent this is owing to the high salaries and wages paid to juniors, who after they get a position do not see the necessity of continuing their studies. Two new classes added to the syllabus this year proved very successful —the motor-car class and the horticulture class. It is intended to carry on classes next year in electrical engineering and mechanical engineering, and also agriculture, if a sufficient number -of pupils can be enrolled. It is thought that free pupils who are not allowed to take up commercial subjects may take up one of these courses. The balance-sheet shows a credit balance which is £83 less than last year. This is accounted for by the fact that the capitation earned this year was less, owing to the smaller number of free pupils enrolled, and also owing to extra expenditure in the way of repairs, advertising, <fec, and the general increase in the cost of supplies of all kinds. The time has come when some effort should be made to carry on a technical high school in Timaru if the young people of the district are to get the full benefit of the technical education they are entitled to. The evening classes are doing good work, but, after all, the young people would be better equipped for their work if they had a year or two at a day technical school. G. Moffat, Director. Extract from the Report of the Temuka Technical School Board. During the year eight classes were carried on. The students showed marked enthusiasm and earnestness in their work, most of them completing 80 per cent, or more of the possible attendances. In the motor-engineering class the theoretical part dealing with electricity roused much interest. The practical part taken in two local garages lent by Mr. Andrews and Mr. Hally proved most useful, as also did the work with various pieces of machinery and with the motor chassis in the lecture-room. The sheep-shearing class was quite successful, and though the weather was bad, 2,235 sheep were shorn, and shorn well, by the class. The farmers again went to much trouble, inconvenience, and expense to help in the management of the class, and the thanks of the Board are specially due to Messrs. S. McCully, G. Cartwright, S. Trumper, and Guild, who, although having sheds of their own, used the association's shed for a part of the time until the course was completed, so as to ensure the success of the instruction. One afternoon towards the end of the course the shed was thrown open to the public, and a large number of farmers and others took advantage of the opportunity to inspect the work of shearing, classing, and pressing. Most of the students at the end of the term secured stands in different sheds. One young man cameall the way from Dunedin to join the class. The wool class was most enthusiastic. The students are now well known throughout the district, and all but a few took charge of sheds, and one went as far as the North Island. Excellent reports on their work have been received. Mr. J. Mclnnes, of Winchester, again lent the class a large amount of wool. In spite of the considerable inconvenience entailed Mr. Mclnnes continues his support because he has the welfare of technical education at heart, and is pleased to see the young men making progress. Mr. H. Bell also takes a great interest in the wool class, and during the year secured for the wool-classing room three very valuable stud fleeces. Those who so kindly donated fleeces were the New Zealand and Australian Land Company, Moeraki Estate, and Messrs. A, R. Guild and F. Hayhurst. In the commercial class excellent progress was made. At the close of the session a, paper in book-keeping, equal to the teachers' C standard, was set, two of the students gaining over 70 per cent. ' The class was larger than it has been for many years. All the pupils of the ambulance class gained certificates, the examining doctor stating in his report that all the papers were of a high order, and that the percentage obtained by each pupil was above the average. Three classes for dressmaking were conducted, and the pupils attended with great regularity. Altogether 119 individual students attended the school, as compared with 116 for 1916. During the year it was announced that there would be no money available from the Hobson Estate, but in spite of that fact the finances are in a healthy condition, due largely to the Board's

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careful handling of the funds. Fees showed a slight increase, and a few private subscribers came forward very willingly to assist the school. After buying a new visible typewriter for £21 we are still able to declare a credit balance of £42 16s. lid., which is £24 less than last year—about equal to the loss of the Hobson Trust donation. The Board desires to thank the local bodies and private individuals for their kindly interest in and continued support of the local Technical School. Geo. B. Cartwright, Chairman. J. T. Smart, Secretary. Extract prom the Report op the Pleasant Point Technical School Board. During the year dressmaking classes were conducted at Pleasant Point and Cave. The total number of pupils was thirty, of whom sixteen were members of the class at Pleasant Point. The classes weje very successful financially and educationally. On account of so many young men being absent at the front no men's classes were held, but it is confidently expected that a class in motor engineering will be held during 1918. J. Maze, Chairman. R. B. Clarke, Director. Extract from the Report op the Waimate Technical School Board. The year has been a most satisfactory one, no less than 158 students having attended classes during the year. The wool-classing class has again been a great success. Forty-one students attended, including one lady student and seventeen district-high-school pupils. The thanks of the Managers are due to the farmers of the district for donations of wool which not only greatly assisted the class, but also the finances of the school. A most instructive and interesting class for motor engineering was conducted. Fifty students, including six ladies, attended, one of the latter gaining first prize at an examination held at the end of the term. Two classes for dressmaking were held at Waimate and one at Morven, with a total of forty-three students. A class for instruction in painting, including occasional outdoor work in painting from nature, was attended by six students. Fourteen students, of whom several were hospital nurses, attended a class for cookery. The attendances at the class for shorthand were most disappointing, and it is doubtful whether we can carry on the class for another year. The finances of the school are in a very satisfactory condition. Ernest Hassall, Chairman. W. H. Beckett, Secretary. Extract from the,. Report op the Fairlie Technical School Board. The schoolexperienced the same difficulties as in the previous year, and, as was anticipated at that time, there was the utmost difficulty in establishing classes owing to the exigencies of the war and the necessity for continued Red Cross and other patriotic work. The Director, Mr. F. Piper, after considerable effort, was able to enrol thirteen pupils for an adult dressmaking class, which proved most successful in every way. An attempt was made to establish a wool-sorting class, but only six students were forthcoming, and these only towards the end of the season. The instructor was therefore loath to undertake the tuition work and the hiring of the necessary wool for so small a class. It is hoped that as soon as the young men of the district return from the war this class will be re-established, and conducted with its former success and usefulness. The school has justified its existence during the year in the exceptionally good work that has been done by the school classes in woodwork and cookery. Senior public-school pupils from the surrounding districts have attended excellently, and the classes maintained a maximum roll number throughout the season. The Director and the Managers will use their utmost endeavours to form adult classes during 1918 in such subjects as dressmaking, cookery, first aid, and wool-classing, though it is not expected that much in this direction can be done till the war is over. The buildings are in first-class repair, and the finances of the school are in a sound condition, strict economy having been practised. The thanks of the Managers are due to the Mackenzie County Council, the Fairlie Tennis Club, and other subscribers for contributions towards the funds of the school. Chas. J. Talbot, Chairman. Extract from the Report of the Controlling Authority of the Rangiora Technical School. Classes have been conducted with satisfactory results during the year. The attendance at the manual-training classes has been good, and full advantage of the instruction provided has been taken by schools within the district. The technical classes for dress-cutting have been well attended, and have attracted many pupils from a considerable distance. The buildings and apparatus have been kept in good order, and some improvements have been made to facilitate the work of the classes ' Robt. Ball, Chairman. Extract from the Report of the Chairman of the Board of Governors of Canterbury College. School of Engineering. —This year again, as might be supposed, the war has drawn practically all students who were eligible by reason of their age to enlist for active service, and though this in one way has lessened the number of enrolled students, yet, owing to those pupils who were

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taking their course of training at the School of Aviation, wishing to attend the special lectures on aeroplanes, forming a class at the School of Engineering the numbers show a slight advance on-those of the previous year. It is to be expected and hoped that both now when men are returning from the war and also at the close of hostilities a large number will avail themselves of the opportunities offered by the school, as the services of men thoroughly trained in scientific work will be urgently required in the keen struggle for industrial supremacy that is sure to take place. This increased attendance may be confidently looked for from both matriculated and non-matriculated students, as occupations will be open to both classes of trained students. Owing to the continuance of the war, and the consequent prohibition of importation of material from England, it has not been possible to complete the additions to the machinery approved of by the Board. It will be necessary to wait for some time after the war before such, additions, necessary though they may be, can be made, for even with the removal of the embargo on exportation the commandeering of shipping for the repatriation of our men from active service will prevent material being quickly transported to the Dominion. School of Art. —During the past year a change was made in the staff of the school, and for a time there was a little disorganization, but thanks to the energy of the Acting-Director and the loyal co-operation of the other members of the staff the school is again working smoothly and well. It is somewhat difficult to judge the efficiency of a school of this kind, especially in pure art, except by competition with kindred institutions. Such competition is difficult to arrange in New Zealand owing to the geographical conditions of the Dominion. The four centres are far removed from each other, and consequently there is a difficulty in comparing the work done in these different centres. When, however, competition has taken place it has been found that the students from this School of Art have more than held their own. In applied art it is less difficult to arrive at a definite conclusion, as it is possible to get master craftsmen to judge the work, and the reports received from them show that much of the work, done reaches a high standard. This year was the first complete year for the classes that have been established for painters' apprentices. The practical work done in the day classes is satisfactory, but the report of the Acting-Director shows that the classes set aside for the evening work are not so satisfactory. The award compelling apprentices to attend a certain number of times in the evening does not affect those who were indentured before the passing of the award, and consequently many of these are not anxious to attend. The practical work of those who do attend the drawing and design classes in the evening is far superior to the work of those who fail to attend, and goes to prove that when the system has had a fair trial these apprentices and the trade generally will benefit owing to the greater efficiency of those who have received this instruction. Of course, it is a moot point whether it is right to compel a lad who has done his eight hours' work to attend an evening class, and possibly before long legislation will be introduced by which apprentices receiving technical instruction will be entitled to receive the whole of this instruction in the daytime. They then will be able to devote their whole attention to their work while both mind and body are vigorous, and not be asked to strive to concentrate their attention on their studies when they are wearied with a day's work. Extract from the Report of the Professor in Charge, Canterbury College School of Engineering. Since the commencement of hostilities 113 students have left the School of Engineering for the front, the total number of those recently at the school and now with the fighting forces being 176. It is greatly to be regretted that no attempt has yet been made to utilize the services of these highly trained men.in the Engineers, Artillery, or other special corps, as is done by the English, authorities, our Allies, and enemies. The total number of names on the register of the school, including those of eighteen persons taking short courses on the aeroplane, was 147, as against 137 in 1916. The hour attendances per week of regular students were 924, as against 879 during the previous year. Twenty-four matriculated students were studying for the University degree or the Associateship of the School of Engineering, an increase of eight on last year's numbers, and in addition eight matriculated students were taking their preliminary year at the College. Thirty-one lectures and ninety-four hours' teaching in drawing, problems, and experimental work, or a total of 105 hours' instruction, were given each week. The hour attendances per week amounted to 924, an increase of forty-five on those of the previous year. These figures are remarkable when taken in conjunction with the fact that the number of students who have volunteered exceeds 75 per cent, of the normal attendance at the school, and that the average age of the engineering student is about nineteen. They point to the desirability of preparing for the accommodation of the large influx of students which is to be expected at the conclusion of the war. Definite information as to the results of the University examinations has not yet been received, but it is understood that the school has maintained its record, and that there have been no failures in professional subjects. The first-year Engineering Exhibition was awarded to Frank Matthewson, and the second-year Exhibition to Mr. J. C. Dickinson, who has volunteered for the front. At the College and Associateship Examinations two students passed in freehand mechanical drawing, five in advanced descriptive geometry, six in mechanical drawing and design (first }-ear), one in mechanical drawing and design (second year), nine in the steam-engine (elementary), two in the steam-engine (intermediate), six in applied mechanics, nineteen in the elementary strength of materials, one in elementary surveying, six in applied electricity, one in mathematics A, one in physics, one in technical chemistry, two in spherical trigonometry, and one in electrical engineering (advanced). 140 extra-mural students attended lectures and passed examinations in various subjects. During the year a large number of tests and investigations were carried out in the engineering laboratories. These included —An investigation of the weathering properties of Australian and New Zealand coals, and an investigation of the quality of cast steel (both for the New Zealand

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Railway Department); tests of spring buffing and draw-gear (for the Royal Commission on. Railway Rolling-stock); a determination of the calorific power of Christchurch gas, and tests of tank-bands for the Christchurch City Council; tests of Portland cement, the strength and porosity of roofing-tiles, the strength of concretes, and the insulation of electric wires for various firms and persons. Much has recently appeared in the public Press concerning the relations of science and industry and the supposed apathy of the manufacturer in connection with scientific investigation, but experience here has shown that the New Zealand manufacturer is anxious to obtain scientific assistance when it can be supplied in a form of practical value. Investigations carried out in the School of Engineering laboratories at the cost of those interested have assisted in placing the cement and cast-steel industries of the Dominion on a satisfactory footing, and the strength and elasticity of the principal New Zealand timbers has been determined for a Government Department. Two valuable additions to the testing plant were received during the year, a selerescope or hardness tester and a fluid-gauge capable of direct measurement of differences of '0001 of an inch. Delivery was taken of the experimental electrical plant ordered in 1914, consisting of one 12 kw. motor-driven alternator set, one 9 kw. rotary converter with transformer, one 7 h.p. three-phase motor. Foundations were put in, the plant installed, switchboards designed and erected, and the necessary connections made. A new testing-bench was provided and the electrical laboratories greatly improved by the introduction of sliding windows in a brick partition-wall. The school has greatly to regret the death of G. Mclndoe, 8.E., lately Demonstrator in Electrical Engineering, who was killed in action. Robt. J. Scott, Professor in Charge. Extract from the Report op the Acting-Director of the Canterbury College School of Art. The total number of students on the roll at the commencement of the year was 340, the roll numbers being well maintained throughout the year. Drawing and painting : Although quite a number of advanced students left at the end of 1916, tlie standard of work was good, some excellent work being done in the evening life, landscape, still life, and antique classes. Design : Work in this section was quite up to the standard of previous years. Art crafts : The work in this section was an improvement on previous years. It has not suffered from loss of students owing to the war, as have other sections. Good work was done in enamelling, silversmiths' work, jewellery and repousse work. These subjects attract more students than do wood and stone carving, tooled leather, and leadlight work, all of which subjects are taught in the school. Modelling: No lifemodelling class was held, as many of the advanced students had left. Some very good work was done in modelling from the cast, and excellent (in some cases) in modelling from plant form by junior students. Architecture : The high standard of work in this department has been maintained, although all the eligible students have gone to the war. Several lady students in this .department are making headway. Sign-painting: In this class, although many of the advanced students have gone to the war, some very good work was done. Ticket and show-card writing being a feature of this class, there is a noticeable increase in the number of lady students for this branch of work. Painters' apprentices class : This class, which is in its infancy, will not be the success expected of it until it is possible to enforce attendance of apprentices in other classes than that devoted to practical work. The practical work is done in the day classes, time for which is allowed off working-hours by the master painters. So far the apprentices are free either to attend or stay away from the evening drawing classes. The clause in the award compelling apprentices to attend four hours per week in their own time does not affect those who were apprenticed before the award was made. At present some few attend the evening classes, and the effect on their practical work is most marked. Until it is possible to get all the boys to attend the drawing classes the scheme (which has the support of both, master painters and Operative Painters' Union) cannot be said to have had a fair trial. Classes were held on Saturday morning for teachers, also at the Normal Training College on Tuesday afternoons. The school examinations were held at the end of, the year. In those sections under the heading of pure art it is very difficult to get outside expert criticism —this is the case in all the Dominion art schools —and I believe it has been suggested that an examining body be formed on somewhat similar lines to that which obtains in England. It is a committee of experts acting under the Board of Education, who set papers, examine them, and issue reports. By this means a standard would be set which would apply to the whole of the Dominion. The only means we have at present of judging our work in relation to that of other schools —a most unsatisfactory one —is through the competitions set by-the art societies who hold art exhibitions and competitions for students. In these last year some few of our students competed and more than held their own in both pure and applied art. The work in applied art is judged by a master working-jeweller of the city, who in commenting on the work expressed the opinion that the general work was highly creditable in execution, and in some cases excellent. The same applies to the needlework class, the work of which was judged by two experts from the workroom of one of the leading business bouses of the city, who in their remarks on the examination expressed surprise at the quality of the work. The architectural section was judged by a committee of architects of the New Zealand Institute of Architects. The painters' apprentices were examined by a committee of masters and workmen. Two scholarships, valued at £25, one for pure art and one for applied art, were awarded to Miss N. Marsh and Miss M. Harris respectively. Other scholarships were also awarded to day and evening students. Special prizes were given by Mr. J. W. Gibb, Mr. Hurst Seager, Mr. H. W. Montgomery, the executors of the late Mr. W. Sey, the Canterbury Branch of the Institute of Architects, Messrs. Hammond and Co., Mr. W. Recce, and Mrs. Lonsdale, to whom are due the thanks of the school. F. G. Gurnsey, Acting-Director,

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, OTAGO DISTRICT. Extract from the Report of the Dunedin Technical School Board. While the enrolments for the Technical High School increased by twenty-four, there was a decrease of 101 in those for the evening classes. This falling-off was the result of the depletion of the trade classes in carpentry, plumbing, blacksmithing, and painters' work owing to the enlistment of many of the students. The students of the engineering and the commercial courses being younger, these classes were not affected by the war to nearly the same extent. The total enrolments for the year were as follows : Technical High School, 339; technical classes, 1,103. For some years past the necessity of providing for practical instruction in agriculture has been repeatedly before the Board, but so far no progress has been made. In his report for 1915 the Director pointed out that " a plot of ground for experimental work is an urgent necessity "; and again in the report for 1916 he says, " Referring to agriculture, I have to point out, although we have appropriate courses in ironwork and farm blacksmithing, woodwork, science and agriculture, wool-sorting, &c, we have no farm grounds for dealing practically with the most important part of the subject. In view of the increasing number of boys applying for admission to the agricultural course, this state of affairs should not be allowed to continue." A committee was set up in the session of 1916 to deal with this matter, and an effort was made to obtain a piece of land. After an inspection of several properties the Board ultimately offered to purchase 22 acres of land on Pine Hill, the property of the Hospital and Charitable Aid Board, which was for sale. When, however, the Hospital Board was approached that body, on the advice of its Finance Committee, adjourned for six months' consideration our application to purchase, and this period has not yet expired. And so the matter rests at present. But the necessity of, obtaining such land is very great and very urgent. Agriculture is the most important industry of the country, and the proper systematic and scientific teaching of this branch of education perhaps the most important work of technical schools.' Recognizing as it does the necessity for this practical instruction, the Board intends to make provision for the same, and hopes within the next few months to be able to secure a suitable piece of land sufficient to provide experimental plots for an elementary course of agriculture. Then, as soon as this has been placed on a working basis, the Board will require to obtain possession of a moderately sized farm for the purpose of affording the boys of the agricultural course an opportunity of becoming acquainted with the various agricultural operations and of dealing with horses, sheep, and cattle. If the property at Pine Hill is obtained the Board hopes to erect buildings of an economical type to serve as a hostel for boys from a distance attending the College. The great increase in the attendance at the Technical High School has emphasized the need for increased accommodation, especially in connection with the physical training of the pupils and the recreation of the girls during recess hours. In wet weather the pupils of the day school have hitherto had no place outside the school itself to which to retire, and were granted the use of the corridors and several of the rooms. In view of this state of affairs the Board resolved to erect a building containing an assembly hall ami recess-rooms. When tenders for the work were opened it was found that the amount required was much more than the estimated cost. The Education Department, however, at once promised a grant of £1,937 in aid of the erection of the building which, inclusive of the architect's fee, cost of lighting, heating, asphalting, &c, will cost approximately £4,500. The economical policy followed by the Board during the last few years fortunately enables the general funds to provide the balance of the amount required. Mr. Alexander Burt, a member of the Board, and for many years President of the original Dunedin Technical Classes Association, has donated the sum of £100 as half-cost of the lighting and heating appliances.. It is proposed to call the main room of the new building the " Burt Hall " as a recognition of his long connection with and great interest in the Dunedin Technical School. During the year additions have been made to the furniture and equipment for class-teaching, although only in those instances where it was not considered wise to delay further. Grants have been promised by the Department for the purchase of apparatus and appliances for the mechanical engineering, the electrical engineering, and the science departments, but the replies received to inquiries made in Britain and in America convinced the Managers that efforts should be made to postpone till after the war the purchase of the equipment required for the departments mentioned. Towards the end of the year, however, it was found necessary to authorize the purchase of new typewriting-machines at a cost of £370, but owing to the shipping difficulty they have not yet come to hand. During the year the grounds have been considerably improved in appearance, and at the end of the year arrangements were made for the asphalting of a large part of the upper playground. The statement of receipts and expenditure submitted shows that the Board's account had to credit a bank balance amounting to £4,211 os. 10d., but of this approximately £2,370 represented liabilities upon contracts for building and asphalting. Members of the Board desire to place on record their appreciation of the services rendered by the teaching staff and officers, whose combined aim always seems to be to conserve the interests of the Dunedin Technical School while at the same time maintaining its reputation. The success of our students in the Government Shorthand-Typists' Examination, in the City and Guilds of London Institute Examinations, the Public Service and Matriculation Examinations, testifies to the efficiency of the class-teaching, and the Managers have already tendered their sincere thanks to the members of the teaching staff who are responsible for the excellent results attained. Thos. Scott, Chairman. Angus Marshall, Secretary.

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Extract prom the Report op the Director of the Dunedin School op Art. During the year instruction was given to 577 students, made up as follows : Day students, 171; evening students, 116; pupil-teachers attending afternoon classes, 92; pupil-teachers attending Saturday classes, 29; teachers attending Saturday classes, 46; students in training, 123. Day students were provided with a very complete course of subjects in art and art crafts, but since the abandonment by the English Education Board of the system of examinations in single subjects it is becoming increasingly difficult to induce students to give due attention to vital but unattractive aspects of their training, such as design, perspective, instrumental drawing, systematic light and shade, anatomy, &c. It would be of the greatest assistance to art schools throughout the Dominion if standard examinations in these subjects could be restored. Much solid progress was made in painting from still life and life, both in oil-colour ami in water-colours. Landscape was also as successfully dealt with as weather conditions permitted. Modelling from life and the antique, relief work in copper and pewter, wood-carving, enamelling, stencilling, &c, attracted only a moderate number of students, the increasing cost and difficulty in obtaining material militating considerably against craft work. Students of the School of Mines were instructed in instrumental drawing, free sketching of mechanical details, and a course of drawing leading to sketching from nature. The number of evening students was affected considerably by war conditions. Art enthusiasm is chiefly present amongst students from twenty to twenty-five years old, ■and the loss of the more ardent and advanced workers lias a depressing effect upon the rank and file, A wide programme of art subjects was provided—freehand, model, geometry, perspective, light and shade, drawing from antique, drawing from life, painting, modelling, beaten copper, pewter-work, enamelling, art jewellery, leather-work, wood-carving, &c. —and, though the numbers were not equal to normal years, the average attendance was good. The attendance' at the life classes was especially well maintained, and excellent work was done. The classes in building-construction and architecture, although naturally much depleted, were well co-ordinated and efficient. There was a pleasing increase in the interest taken by the retail trade in ticket and show-card writing. Art needlework, too, attracted more attention than usual. To meet the needs of evening students for daylight experience of colour, Saturday afternoon classes were conducted as in previous years. City and suburban pupil-teachers and probationers were afforded instruction twice weekly in the drawing subjects necessary for their D certificate. The appliances for blackboard drawing were improved during the year and are now satisfactory. It is felt that the hour at which these young teachers attend (4 p.m. to 5 p.m.), and the large number in each class, do not tend to produce the best results, and steps are being taken to improve these conditions wherever possible. The results of the year's work, so far as examination successes indicate, were eminently satisfactory. On Saturdays provision was made, from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m., for affording instruction to teachers outside Dunedin. Pupil-teachers, probationers, ant] uncertificated teachers were afforded assistance in preparing for their examinations, but generally an effort was made to equip teachers with a thorough knowledge of the subjects in handwork most commonly taught in schools, and the special drawing correlated with each. Design, brushwork, modelling, bricklaying, cardboard-work, light and shade, plant-study, &c, were insisted on for this purpose. The stringent conditions imposed by the Education Department very considerably reduced the attendance at these classes, ami it would appear that in the near future they will be confined entirely to pupil-teachers, probationers, and uncertificated teachers. The influence of these classes upon up-to-date developments in the teaching of drawing will be missed. Training-college students, junior and senior, were provided with instruction in the usual I) subjects, and in light and shade, brushwork, aiid_ design. Every effort was made to render the teaching of blackboard drawing especially efficient. The nature of the work was made as varied and as interesting as possible, and students, on the whole, ■showed themselves appreciative and assiduous. The annual exhibition of the School of Art was again held in conjunction with the autumn exhibition of the Otago Art Societ\r. The school examples were of every variety, ranging from elementary studies to paintings from life and landscapes from nature; examples of design, modelling, metal-work, enamelling, jewellery, leather-work, needlework, wood-carving, &c., were included, the whole exhibition attracting much attention and favourable Press comment. I have to thank the members of the staff for their attention to duty and interest in the work. R. Hawcridge, Director. Extract from the Report op the Oamaru Technical School Board. The work of the school has been satisfactorily carried out. Owing principally to the support given to the commercial classes by those who are anxious to take advantage of the present opportunities to enter offices the attendance has increased, and has reached a record number. A country class for dressmaking was established at Herbert and proved very successful. Woolclassing, dressmaking, and millinery classes were well supported. The thanks of the Board are accorded to the public bodies and various subscribers who contributed materially towards the maintenance of the school. C. H. Church, Chairman. Extract from the Report op the Milton Technical School Board. Classes for book-keeping, typewriting, and shorthand were held for a period of thirteen weeks, while classes for painting and art metal-work were conducted for thirty weeks. The number of students attending the various classes was as follows: Typewriting, 14; book-keeping, 14; shorthand, 4; painting, 8 ; art metal-work, 4 : a total of 44. The total income for the year, including a credit balance of £66 7s. 7d. oarried forward from 1916, was £138 lis. 4d. The total expenditure was £66 lis. 9d., leaving a credit balance of £71 19s. 7d. J. R. Laing, Secretary.

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Extract from the Report of the Dean of the Faculty op Home Science, Otago University. The year was a very satisfactory one on the whole, in spite of the insufficient accommodation at Studholme House and the wholly inadequate rooms and equipment at the University. Twentynine students were in residence at Studholme House during the winter session, 1917, and four of the staff, while twelve students were living with their parents or relations in Dunedin. Three students completed the diploma course in September, 1917, and all three were appointed to good posts before the end of the session. Four students completed the degree course, and sat for the final examination in November. The appointments for the year were as follows : Miss Borrie to the Wanganui Girls' College; Miss D. McKenzie to the Whangarei High School; Miss Bell to the Wellington Girls' College; Miss Bruce to Westport, under the Nelson Education Board; Miss Ellis to the Hawke's Bay District, under the Hawke's Bay Education Board; Miss Richardson to the Waitaki Girls' High School; Miss. Loy to the Ashburton Technical School. All the posts to which students have been appointed after leaving the College are very satisfactory, and at least seven of our old students are now receiving salaries of more than £200 a year. Since the inauguration of'the home-science course fifteen students have gained the degree, and sixteen the diploma. Of these, twenty-seven are teaching, and one is organizing and conducting club-rooms for women and girl workers in Sydney. During the year the Principal of the Girls' College, Benares, wrote asking me to send the syllabus of the home-science course followed at the Otago University, as she was trying to get the Hindu University to establish a domestic-science course for the B.A. degree, I sent her full particulars, and she has since let me know that a course has been established there. 1 need hardly refer again to the insufficiency of accommodation, as the Council is fully aware of the facts. W. L. Boyes-Smith, Dean. SOUTHLAND DISTRICT. Extract from the Report of the Director of Manual and Technical Instruction. For many years very successful classes in wool-sorting under the direct control of the Board have been regularly conducted in various centres throughout the district. This year, however, it was recognized that conditions were altogether unfavourable to the establishment of such classes, and it being practically certain that a sufficient number of students would not be forthcoming it was reluctantly decided to discontinue the classes for the year. It is hoped, however, that in a subject so vitally affecting the interests of the district it will be possible to have work resumed at no distant date. Teachers' classes in the following subjects were held, the numbers attending being given in each case: Drawing (five classes), 119; vocal music (two classes), 46; advanced needlework (two classes), 54; agriculture (two classes), 37; mathematics, 13; English, 16; cardboard modelling, 30; school method, 19; elementary hygiene and first aid (three classes), 89; elocution, 12. I have to acknowledge the fairness with which all applications and claims have been dealt with by the Department. I have to express also my indebtedness to the Inspectors and the Secretary for willing assistance at all times, and to record my appreciation of the way in which -the various instructors have striven to make a success of the different classes under their control. R. Brownlie, Director of Manual and Technical Instruction. Extract from the Report op the Director of the Invercargill Technical School. The greatest difficulty that the Board had to face during the year was the shortage of accommodation for classes, due to a considerable increase in the number of students. A. building has been rented for the class for motor-car drivers, and two additional rooms have been made available by the removal of manual-training classes to other buildings, so that the difficulty has to some extent been overcome. The necessity still exists, however, for the provision of more class-rooms for general work, and more playground space is urgently required in the immediate vicinity of the College. The alterations in the railway time-tables which came into force in May also created difficulties by making the school day very short for country children travelling on several lines, but it is satisfactory to record that these have been settled by considerable reorganization of the school time-tables and by the reversion of the service from Clinton to its original time in the morning. Technical High School. —The school year just ended has been the most strenuous yet experienced. Early in the session the two senior teachers resigned, ami as both had been on the staff since the opening of the school their departure meant a considerable break at the time. The special railway services arranged in May on account of the coal strike, and later through the necessities of the war, interfered with the attendances of country students and the work of the school; these troubles were, however, partially -overcome. One of the greatest difficulties to be faced during the year was the instruction of a larger number of students than ever with insufficient class-rooms. Although one of the cookery-rooms previously used for primary-school classes was vacated for our use, this gave insufficient accommodation, owing to the fact that the roll number of the Technical High School was greater by forty-eight than in the previous year. The total number of students was 271; these took courses of instruction as follows : Commercial, 74 boys, 108 girls; domestic science, 32 girls; trades, 45 boys; agricultural, 12 boys. Since

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the school opened five years ago the attendance has almost doubled, but only two additional class-rooms for general work have been made available during that time. The science laboratory, by reason of the number in attendance, has become much too small for our purpose, and next year it will be put to increased use for the domestic-science classes. The difficulties of carrying on the work of a large day school in buildings which were not designed for this purpose are very great, and they are accentuated by the lack of playground accommodation. Little can be done to improve the conditions in the present block of buildings, and it is sincerely hoped that steps will be taken in the near future to remove at least some of the classes to surroundings more suited to the work. Unfortunately, as the school is not endowed, but is dependent for its' working-expenses on grants made by the Education Department, it is unable to do anything in the way of purchasing a site or erecting new buildings. There are enough students to fill a' larger school, and all that is now needed is proper buildings and more grounds. Three years ago steps were taken in the direction of securing the site and buildings of the Boys' High School when it is vacated by the present occupants, but on* the outbreak of war negotiations were suspended. However, each year's development makes it more evident that we must have larger buildings and playgrounds, and an early acquisition of the Boys' High School ever more desirable. On account of the large number of train students, and also on account of the buildings being used for evening classes, it is absolutely necessary to have the school in as central a position as possible. In public examinations our students have had a successful session, and passes have been secured in the Public Service Entrance, Shorthand-Typists, Pitman's, and the City and Guilds of London Institute Examinations. The alteration in the examination syllabus to allow engineering students an opportunity of competing in the first-named examination has been appreciated. The demand for our students to fill positions has been very great throughout the year, and one of the engineering classes was nearly depleted of boys. It has been quite impossible to find enough boys or girls to satisfy the wants of banks and commercial houses, and it is satisfactory to note that in almost all cases higher starting-wages than usual were given in recognition of their special college training. The work done in the cadet company has been of a high standard as usual. It has been evident for some years past that boarding-hostels for boys as well as for girls would soon be necessary, since many students attend the school from the most distant parts of Southland, whilst others live in districts not well served by trains and either board or should board in town. In the third term a suitable house with large grounds was leased and opened as a boys' hostel, and it is hoped that in consequence many people living in the country will not hesitate now to board their boys and so give them the full benefit of their course of instruction in the school. The number of old boys on active service has increased steadily, and. three of them have laid down their lives for the cause. Numerous friends have assisted during the year, notably by giving prizes for proficiency in class-work and for athletics, and in this connection thanks are due to Mr. H. E. Niven, Mr. A. L. Wyllie, Mr. J. Gilkison, Mr. F. S. Loughlan, the Society of Accountants, the Town Council Athenaeum Committee, Mr. John Fisher, Mr. A. Peterson, Miss M. Wilson, Miss I. Gunn, Miss M. Wake, Mr. S. G. Macfarlane, Mr. .T. G. Malcolm, Mr. William Grieve, Mr. J. R. Baillie, Mr. J. W. Dickson, Mr. J. Miller, Mrs. Templeton, and others. The school is also indebted to many firms and private persons for permitting students to visit their works and farms, and to the-Press for its willing assistance at all times. Thanks are due to the members of the teaching staff for their hearty co-operation in school and out in advancing the interests of the school. Evening Classes. —The attendance at the classes was somewhat greater than in 1916, the number of students enrolled being as follows: Junior free students, 93; senior free students, 84; discharged soldiers, 21; paying students, 335: total, 533, as compared with 471 for 1916. During the year twenty-one returned soldiers enrolled for instruction, five _of them for a full course necessitating their attendance during the day as well as on several evenings each week. The attendance of these men for a full course was rendered possible by their being in receipt of a special allowance paid to returned soldiers who take a course of instruction to fit them for a new occupation, and though the scheme was in operation for only four months last year it showed promise of giving good results. Four of the men took an engineering course, and one of them has since found employment as a motor mechanic. The fifth, who took a commercial and general course, has been appointed as a teacher in a country school. The possibilities of technical schools in the matter of training returned men for skilled work seem, however, to be unknown to the various associations and individuals who are urging upon the Government the necessity for building special-training workshops. The demand for higher general education increased considerably, aiid a full course for Matriculation, including Latin, French, English, mathematics, and drawing, has been well established. One student passed the Public Service Entrance Examination, two the full Matriculation Examination, and tine the final section of this examination in 1917. Increased attention was given to the preparation of students for Standards V and VI certificates, with the result that ten qualified for the former and two for the latter during the year. The classes for pure and applied art were again well attended, and the same applies to the classes in domestic science and commercial subjects. The number of classes in book-keeping was increased during the year, ami it is hoped that a proportion of the abler students will pursue their work in these classes sufficiently far to qualify for the book-keeper's certificate of the New Zealand University. The typewriting-room is now in use five evenings weekly, and the number of passes secured during the year in the examination for shorthand-typists is a tribute to the work done by the teachers of shorthand and typewriting. The accommodation for instruction in dressmaking, needlework, millinery, cookery, and hygiene is being enlarged and much improved

31

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for the new session, and a special teacher has been appointed for the last two subjects, so that the home-science classes, which are already large ones, should continue to increase in popularity. In the trade classes good enrolments of engineering students have been recorded, though the attendance of a proportion of the apprentices has not been sufficient to enable them to profit fully hy their courses. A considerable addition to the equipment of the engineering workshop is anticipated early in 1918, and this will be of much assistance in the working of the practical classes. The plumbing classes have suffered more in numbers from the war than any other in the school. Most of the apprentices are required to leave on active service before completing their apprenticeship, so that the' chances of presenting any candidates for the Registration Examinations are small at the present time. The attendance at the woodworking and buildingconstruction classes has also been small, though earnest work has been done by those attending. Reference must be made to the encouragement given under the new Arbitration Court awards to woodworking and plumbing apprentices to attend technical classes by the payment of increased wages to apprentices who pass suitable examinations of the City and Guilds of London Institute. The class for electrical wiring was not held during the session just past, but the class for motorengine driving again attracted a large number of students. The equipment for this class is very satisfactory, as a gift of a Ford motor-car engine has been received, and a small de Dion car in working-order has been purchased for demonstration purposes. The necessity for giving more instruction to pharmacy apprentices became evident during the session, and classes are now held three evenings weekly, one for candidates for Section A, and two for candidates for Section B examinations. Despite war conditions the standard of work was well maintained in all sections, and both permanent and part-time instructors were responsible for the commendable degree of industry manifested by the students and the results obtained during the year. Horace E. Niven, Chairman. D. E. Hansen, Director. Extract from the Controlling Authority of the Gore Technical School. Classes were conducted during two terms of ten weeks each. Very successful work was done, and the pupils were keenly interested; The classes for dressmaking, Latin, and French were attended by twenty-two, thirteen, and seventeen students respectively. I regret to state that the arithmetic and book-keeping classes were not supported as they should have been. Other classes in operation were attended as follows: Electricity, 11; shorthand, 13; ladies' woodwork, 9; cabinetmaking, 4; English, 8. Of the total number of students—viz., 117 —thirty-three were holders of free places. Andrew Martin, Secretary.

32

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No. 3. DETAILED TABLES RELATING TO TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION. Table J1.—Some Particulars relating to Technical Education for the Years 1912-1917 INCLUSIVE.

Table J2.—Classes other than Classes at Technical High Schools held during the Year ended 31st December, 1917.

1912. 1913. ,1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. Number of centres at which classes were held.. Number of technical high schools Number of other classes Number of students— (a.) Technical high schools (b.) Other classes Number of free pupils at (a) and (b). above Number of students attending under compulsory regulations 136 8 1,552 1,526 13,527 3,852 73 132 8 1,626 1,604 15,206 4,678 451 138 8 1,731 1,839 10,602 5,258 436 168 8 1,817 1,955 18,247 5,660 858 151 8 1,915 2,105 17,586 5,975 1,219 154 8 1,962 2,347 18,400 6,127 1,334 Total expenditure by Government .. Including— Capitation — (a.) Technical high schools .. (6.) Other classes (1 rants for buildings and equipment Subsidies on voluntary contributions Conveyance of (a) Instructors .. (6) Students £ 57,874 £ 70,280 £ 80,210 £ 72,089 £ 84,931 £ 100,199 14,808 19,832 10,872 5,560 1,223 1,676 15,280 24,520 18,130 6,600 2,058 1,851 18,854 26,209 20,572 5,427 2,023 2,457 19,309 30,729 7,877 5,323 1,018 2,059 25,934 38,922 6,614 4,20(i 790 2,596 35,795 44,021 6,898 2,154 261 2,982

Nun ' I- en o._ . Controlling Authorities, Technical School | g"5:2 Boards, and Managers. S j, to stl berof Str idents. Subjects and Number of Clai ises. A 2 i £ 5 gS"§ ■1" S'bc«C o £* 3— 5 ; V .2 sa'B O h M £ P H r/jr-i CU I 1 ll-a a sis '=3 S3 3 3 8 os 1! .fa B be III "3 o I CO S '2 ■=. I 1 5 C a | 5 =1 fj B h a) K CO U co r 4 s o H Auckland Education Board Managers, " Elam " School of Art .. Auckland University College Council Taranaki Education Board Wanganui Education Board Palmerston North High School Board Hawke's Bay Education Board Napior Technical School Board Waipawa Technical Scliool Wellington Education Board Wellington Technical School Board Petone Tochnical School Board Managers, Masterton Technical School Nelson Education Board Canterbury College Board of Governors Canterbury Education Board Christchurch Technical School Board Ashburton Technical School Board Kaiapoi Technical School Akaroa Technical School Rangiora High School Board Timaru Technical School Board Tomuka Technical School Board .. Waimate Tochnical School Board .. Pleasant Point Technical School .. Fairlie Tochnical School Board Otago Education Board Dunedin Technical School Board . . Oarnaru Technical School Board .. Milton Technical School .. Otago University College Council .. Southland Education Board Invercargill Technical School Board Gore High School Board 1,272 2 2,089 289 39 1,257 870 481 386 178 61 225 743 167 281 677 541 3,361 291 39 1,747 1,595 660 409 409 63 230 1,256 301 423 887 591 7 20 12 57 33 11 09 43 74 306 20 10 244 195 56 37 27 3 27 97 33, 39 86 135 490 725 179 23 231 2 5 513 194 142 210 50 15 15 7 3 1 15 37 13 4 7 22 2 4 2 1 2 9 3 5 9 1 9 11 3 4 53 II 1 7 I 21 49 20 5 7 57 40 14 0 6 1 1 7 0 10 12 13 45 34 5 8 6 1 6 30 13 8 12 I 4 5 19 12 2 0 12 3 1 5 2 3 2 5 8 3 9 23 4 12 58 13 63 85 . 330 193 741 937 227 50 9 49 210 117 144 30 13 513 657 174 38 81 235 331 82 826 1,267 420 50 9 64 337 119 144 30 13 513 1,105 211 38 81 235 524 92 3 4 7 13 2 6 17 9 1 6 4 5 5 6 6 1 1 23 21 27 I 12 29 24 10 8 10 1 72 98 87 4 1 5 28 8 9 2 1 43 126 19 5 29 25 68 11 15 127 2 3 i 1 1 I *2 1 1 2 2 2 3 5 4 4 2 1 11 1 I 4 I .. 448 37 33 1 17 1 13 1 "4 6 4 2 1 22 0 32 8 3 6 34 3 2 'l2 3 2 I 9 6 9 2 2 0 16 4 193 10 "i 8 6 3 6 2 3 I 20 2 Totals for 1917 132 127 304 305 341 1,902 5,478 12,922 18,400 224 224 185 Totals for 1916 12,237 17,586 255 195 193 170 105 346 322 329 1,915 5,349

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5—E. 5

Table J3a.—Income of Education Boards and High School Boards as Controlling Authorities of Technical Schools and Classes (including Technical High Schools) for the Year 1917.

Capitation, Grants, and Subsidies from Government. Other Receipts. Other Receipts. Controlling Authorities. Capitation. P ? Material lor SSSSEL, Capitation, Equipment, c]a8S D on Jo untary £ ants J 1 ™*- ContrcDut.ons. and SubsiaUes J I L_ Class Fees. For Services Total BecelPte. aSSSSSL rendS'To Miscellaneous ,| .„ To ' al »' Contributions. , olher 8chools i 1 other Receipts. Auckland Education Board — (a.) Auckland Technical School (b. ) Other technical schools and classes .. Taranaki Education Board — (a.) New Plymouth Technical School (b.) Other technical schools and classes .. Wanganui Education Board — (a.) Wanganui Technical-School (6.) Other technical schools and classes .. Palmerston North High School Board Hawke's Bay Education Board Wellington Education Board Nelson Education Board Canterbury Education Board Rangiora High School Board Otago Education Board Southland Education Board Gore High School Board £ s. d.1 £ s. d. 14,562 15 51 182 0 0 3,150 5 7 88 14 2 £ s. d. 312 12 2 65 11 9 £ s. d. £ s. d. 15,057 7 7 118 12 0 3,423 3 6 £ - s. d 868 1 2 274 10 3 £ s. d. 129 11 0 £ s. d. £ s. d. 1,115 18 II 19 4 1 £ s. d. £ s. d. 1,984 0 i 17,041 7 8 423 5 4 3,846 8 10 3,379 6 2 2,173 14 7! 237 17 8j 10 9 2 4,477 18 7 158 6 5 1,093 10 8 108 2 9 1,389 2 4 47 4 4 236 3 1 160 16 9 2,866 2 10 195 4 11 219 13 3 70 8 4 73 7 0 886 12 1 166 16 8 30 12 4 41 '19 8| 5 13 4 153 14 0 4 12 3 58 1 2 30 5 11 9 18 8 1 18 6 152 17 3 5,747 17 8 46 1 0 300 1 2 144 3 1 4.934 2 1 173 4 6 1,379 10 2 195 0 0 1,689 7 10 20 0 0; 286 9 0 15 0 0| 175 16 9 ': 3,061 7 9 37 4 0 327 5 7 18 0 0 91 7 0 15 0 0 911 10 9 168 15 2 25 0 0 55 12 4 141 7 0| 303 0 0| 333 3 0 259 11 3 388 9 0 108 4 6 11 0 0 384 12 3 54 17 6 34 6 0 268 3 9 60 7 6 161 7 0 92 17 0 99 14 9 156 13 9 170 1 0 20 0 0 36 11 0 113 10 0 83 1- 0 17 10 0 15 0 0 0 0 29 H 2 44 18 2 558 10 10 547 7 5 77 10 0 28 7 0 467 11 9 272 10 0 66 17 5 10 0 110 5 0 26 3 1 118 16 5 234 16 9 332 5 2 6,080 2 10 440 15 2 740 16 4 991 8 7 5.925 10 8 963 12 5 2,343 2 7 664 7 0 2.353 14 10 128 4 6 414 13 6 515 2 9: 690 19 6 837 9 8 3,898 17 5 138 IS 6 400 4 1 188 4 1 27i) 11 1 402 0 2 1,313 10 11 234 16 9| 403 11 11 91 7 6 140 19 10 Totals 32,931 0 5J 3,034 4 8\ 684 7 5 960 1 10; 37,609 14 4 3,495 13 2: 1,120 16 6 460 5 0 3,259 3 0 8,335 17 8 45.1)45 12 0

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Table J3b.—Expenditure of Education Boards and High School Boards as Controlling Authorities of Technical Classes (including Technical High Schools) for the Year 1917.

Controlling Authorities Salaries of _— . Director and H-iark* nf Teaching Staff. *«;, Office Clerical Staff. * x Penses. Working-expenses. : Buildings _ oth ,er Total Material for _. Lighting Caretaker, **&_ and Equipment. Expendrtirre, Es p enditul „ Class Use. and Heating. Cleaning, Ac ™£. Spens"!. I Working-expenses. Auckland Education Board — £ s. d. (a.) Auckland Technical School .. ! 8,212 15 3 (6.) Other technical schools and 1,128 5 11 classes Taranaki Education Board — (a.) New Plymouth Technical School 1,805 3 6 (b.) Other technical schools and 1,256 0 8 classes Wanganui Education Board — (a.) Wanganui Technical School .. 3,288 1 4 (6.) Other technical schools and 1,685 19 11 classes Palmerston North High School Board 1,506 10 0 Hawke's Bay Education Board .. 224 7 2 Wellington Education Board .. 453 0 10 Nelson Education Board .. .. 2,197 17 7 Canterbury Education Board .. 850 10 5 Rangiora High School Board .. 197 0 0 Otago Education Board .. .. 1,093 11 6 Southland Education Board .. 345 16 9 Gore High School Board .. .. 139 15 0 . Education Board — ickland Technical School her technical schools classes Education Board — :w Plymouth Technical Seller technical schools classes i Education Board — inganui Technical School her technical schools classes }n North High School Boi Bay Education Board in Education Board ducation Board ry Education Board High School Board lucation Board 1 Education Board h School Board £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d .. ! 8,212 15 3 1 487 16 9 214 15 < and ! 1,128 5 11 ;hool 1,805 3 61 202 0 0 87 10 * and | 1,256 0 8 j .. 1 0 ( I .. 3,288 14 207 2 7 13 5 ( and 1,685 19 11 43 15 0 6 19 ( »ard 1,506 10 0 20 0 0 19 0 I 224 7 2 1 38 10 0 14 10 ( 453 0 101 .. 45 0 4 .. 2,197 17 7 71 10 8 160 0 I 850 10 5 .. 83 0 ! 197 0 0 .. 2 16 ! .. 1,093 11 6 63 14 5 345 16 9 .. 7 16 ( 139 15 0 .. 4 15 ( £ s. d. £ s. d. 487 16 9 214 15 9 202 0 0 87 10 9 10 0 207 2 7 13 5 0 43 15 0 6 19 0 20 0 0 19 0 3 38 10 0 14 10 0 45 0 4 71 10 8 160 0 3 83 0 5 2 16 5 63 14 5 7 16 0 4 15 0 i. 9 9 0 0 0 3 0 4 3 5 5 0 0 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 690 18 11 381 15 0 181 17 3 360 17 5 1,191 17 8 3,509 18 9 2,016 10 0 .. 13,739 4 0 35 9 3 .. 28 17 2 .. 142 1 10 206 8 3 376 9 2 6 10 0 1.717 13 4 283 0 4 58 7 2 25 7 8 72 0 0 207 0 8 935 6 7 991 6 0 .. 3,731 16 1 107 8 6 11 2 0 9 13 3 69 11 6 164 4 5 362 19 8 23 0 0 .. 1,642 0 4 404 16 2 37 11 1 20 18 4 182 8 4 473 11 8 1,339 13 2 902 1 8 .. 5,529 16 2 36 9 6 56 3 4 56 13 0 93 0 0 430 15 1 723 14 11 144 10 6 .. 2,554 5 4 101 9 0 48 17 5 91 19 8 60 0 0 61 5 1 402 11 5 122 13 5 89 0 0 2.120 14 10 97 1 6 .. • .. 53 7 8 203 9 2 .. .. 427 16 4 20 1 3 .. 13 0 .. 160 7 7 , 226 12 2 .. , 20 6 11 699 19 11 223 7 9 76 7 5 43 5 2 89 19 2 67 18 1 732 8 6 675 0 6 .. 3,605 6 7 67 3 5 24 12 4 21 10 8 71 10 6 120 0 1 387 17 5 438 4 0; .. 1,676 11 10 29 0 3 .. 9 16 14 9 9 - j 55 7 11 .. .. 252 7 11 111 12 6 5 17 9 61 9 4i 119 12 8 38 4 10 . 400 11 6 28 3 7 .. 1,q22 6 7 53 7 8 .. .. 10 0 0 23 19 2 95 2 10 .. .. 440 19 7 7 17 31 .. .. 12 12 3 .. .. 152 7 3 Totals .. .. .. 24,384 15 10! 1 24,384 15 10 1,134 9 5 1,134 9 5 660 9 2 660 9 2 2,261 6 0; 700 13 6, 559 13 3 1,143 9 4 3,134 13 10: 9,594 14 6 5,717 18 10 115 16 ll| 39,813 6 ! J 1 I ll II I I I ii

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Table J4a.—Income of Managers of Technical Schools (including Technical High Schools) for the Year 1917.

6—E. 5.

Capitation, Grants, and Subsidies from Government. Other Receipts. Technical Schools. Capitation. Buildings and Equipment. Material for Class Use. c, . j. Total on'vototlry C *|™' Cass Fees. Contributions. and Subs i^ ies . Voluntary Contributions, j For Services rendered to MhcMlanpnllii Total of other Schools Ml »«" an eous. other Receipts and Classes. I Total Receipts. " Elam -' School of Art Napier Technical School Waipawa Technical School Wellington Technical School Petone Technical School Masterton Technical School Christchurch Technical School .. Kaiapoi Technical School Akaroa Technical School Ashburton Technical School Timaru Technical School Temuka Technical School Waimate Technical School Pleasant Point Technical School Fairlie Technical School Dunedin Technical School Oamaru Technical School Milton Technical School Invercargill Technical School £ s. d. £ s. d. 820 10 4 78 17 1 .. 2,796 5 7 65 10 0 36 13 0 .. 9,704 0 1 348 15 10 .. 1,038 17 4 15 11 0 902 3 0 65 19 3 .. 8,826 19 8 624 7 3 6 15 6 3 3 0 .. 2,657 4 5 500 0 0 287 6 9 .. 52 19 10 18 9 1 31 14 1 !! 7,585 2 11 90 0 0 192 2 0 28 2 9 .. 4,528 12 3 259 18 10 £ s. d. 90 7 1 118 17 0 452 10 7 11 16 11 37 10 9 450 8 7 8 2 11 137 6 9 5 2 8 4 8 0 218 7 0 110 6 6 £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 989 14 6 122 0 6 2,980 12 7 ! 97 10 6 24 19 3 61 12 3 54 10 0 320 9 0 10,825 6 6 994 11 3 89 18 0 1,156 3 3 110 1 6 301 1 0 1,306 14 0 260 13 0 579 13 0 10,481 8 6 1,368 7 8 41 8 0 56 6 5 20 12 6 25 00 28 30 050 96 5 6 3,390 16 8 246 11 6 62 11 4 355 0 9 220 6 6 59 12 6 117 0 4 94 6 6 52 4 0 70 13 1 141 5 0 4 4 0 1 35 18 1 17 12 6 12 2 0 12 2 0 8 5 0 206 16 10 8,100 6 9 1,144 1 9 35 11 0 227 13 0 147 7 6 4 2 0 32 4 9 35 15 0 114 13 -6 5,013 11 1 368 11 3 £ s. d. 119 3 6 25 0 0 320 0 0 110 15 7 233 1 0 351 15 0 44 6 0 25 0 0 115 5 0 86 19 9 49 15 0 25 14 0 7 7 0 10 5 4 198 16 6 36 11 0 4 4 0 116 0 9 £ s. d. ! 198 15 0 369 17 3 20 0 0 535 19 5 19 10 0 ; " 36 15 0 87 4 11 17 19 3 £ s. d. 317 '3 11 177 8 5 6 3 3 651 19 1 30 17 1 52 10 5 971 6 10 31 18 1 4 8 0 178 15 6 83 10 0 0 9 6 57 0 8 5 3 1 1 13 10 462 13 0 £ s. d. 439 4 5 592 17 5 85 13 3 2,336 7 7 251 14 2 566 4 5 3,227 8 11 96 16 7 49 3 0 577 7 0 478 1 2 162 10 3 223 19 8 30 2 7 20 4 2 1,805 11 3 183 18 0 39 19 0 795 18 6 £ s. d. 1,428 18 11 3,573 10 0 147 5 6 13,161 14 1 1,407 17 5 1,872 18 5 13,708 17 5 153 3 0 77 6 0 3,968 3 8 833 1 11 279 10 7 294 12 9 66 0 8 32 6 2 9,905 18 0 411 11 6 72 3 9 5,809 9 7 .. :: • • 188 io 0 122 ie 6 Totals .. -39,517 1 7 2,048 19 3 1 i2,048 19 3 1,645 4 9 2,030 1 11 1,645 4 9 45,241 7 6 5,452 14 5 1,879 19 5 1,474 10 10 3,155 17 2 11.963 1 10 57,204 9 j I I i i

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Table J4b.—Expenditure of Managers of Technical Schools (including Technical High Schools) for the Year 1917.

Technical Schools. Salaries of Director and Teaching Staff. Salaries of Registrar Office Expenses, and Clerical Staff. Material for - Class Use. Caretaker, Cleaning, &c. Working-expenses. reuses. Repairs. | Lighting and Keating. I Miscellaneous j Workingexpenses. Total Workingexpenses. j 1 BuUd^f' &C -! Other Total ! Equipment, j Expenditure. \ Expenditure. II j £ s. d. | £ s. d. £ s. d. | £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. I £ s. d. £ s. d. " Elam" School of Art .. 993 0 0 86 0 0 24 0 1 ! 72 9 8 .. : 18 8 6 27 1 9 47 7 10 275 7 10 71 7 3 220 15 11 1,560 11 C Napier Technical School .. 2,124 13 9 40 11 8 111 8 7 341 11 5 83 0 0 49 4 2 63 14. 1 111 3 7 800 13 6 123 16 5 .. 3,049 3 g Waipawa Technical School .J 94 10 0 .. .. 4 7 6 .. .. 9 2 2 8 15 7 22 .5 3 6 0 0 .. 122 15 3 Wellington Technical School .. 7.614 16 3 493 15 0 174 7 1 ! 734 0 2 371 17 11 114 11 3 148 3 8 171 1 3 2,207 16 4 622 19 7 607 2 0 11,052 14 2 Petone"Technical School .. j 837 16 2 15 0 0 23 3 10 ! 60 17 4 88 16 2 I 18 1 9 ! 63 0 5 52 14 6 321 14 0 24 15 1 .. 1.184 5 3 Masterton Technical School .. 1,028 10 7 ' .. 60 2 6 I 84 3 2 50 10 9 ! 18 11 1 I 60 9 4 104 1 11 377 18 9 , 278 14 4 28 2 0 1.713 6 2 Christchurch Technical School 6,562 9 0 613 14 8 390 9 5 [l,331 11 1 ! 519 4 6 : 74 7 7 ! 202 8 10 50110 0 3,633 6 1 1,538 0 5 1,515 8 5 13,249 3 11 Kaiapoi Technical School .. 113 0 0 .. .. 15 3 11 16 5 0 IS 14 0 5 4 3 65 18 10 118 6 0 10 0 .. 232 6 G Akaroa Technical School .. 32 0 0 .. 6 9 8 11 17 9 16 0 .. 0 13 6 5 0 4 25 7 3 3 3 6 .. 60 10 9 Ashburton Technical School .. 1,752 18 6 ' 145 1 8 151 15 1 327 9 5 . 79 9 7 45 4 11 ! 57 7 1 167 2 0 973 9 9 11,772 8 3 .. 4,498 16 6 Timaru Technical School .. 754 16 8 : .. 57 8 5 87 13 1 85 15 5 ! 20 3 1 j 38 4 3 80 6 6 369 10 9 I 27 14 0 .. 1,152 1 .3 Temuka Technical School .. 196 15 0 .. 6 17 3 0 14 0 31 10 0 1 6 6 ! 10 7 3 27 11 6 78 6 6 28 1 2 .. 303 2 S Waimate Technical School .. 193 7 0 30 0 0 14 17 8 41 15 1 14 3 0 I .. 13 19 2 52 3 10 166 18 9 8 4 9 .. 368 10 6 Pleasant" Point Technical School 32 17 0 .. 1 11 2 0 12 6 7 13 6 .. 0 7 3 2 12 11 12 17 4 8 0 9 .. 53 15 1 Pairlie Technical School .. 46 1 0 .. 5 5 0 .. 10 0 0 ; .. 0 13 6 2 14 8 18 13 2 .. .. 64 14 2 Dunedin Technical School .. 5,115 11 3 i 280 0 0 i 98 4 4 661 16 6 j 212 8 0 57 5 4 121 0 11 I' 351 11 9 1,782 6 10 !| 367 17 11 285 0 0 7,550 16 C Oarnaru Technical School .. i 367 5 9 .. 17 11 6 0 8 0 20 0 0 6 13 0 7 2 9 1 11 6 53 6 9 I .. .. 420 12 £ Milton Technical School .. 33 0 0 15 15 0 .. 2 9 3 5 8 0 .. 1 11 6 : 5 16 0 30 19 9 2 12 0 .. 66 11 S Invercargill Technical School .. 3,814 3 3 : 135 18 0 ! 261 5 11 ! 215 11 1 190 0 0 75 18 2 98 1 0 104 4 0 1,080 18 2 |: 301 13 10 103 0 6 5,299 15 £ Totals.. .. 31,707 11 2 1,855 16 0 1,404 17 6 3,994 10 11 1,787 7 10 515 9 i 928 12 8 1,863 8 6 12,350 2 9 5,186 9 3 '2,759 9 4 52,003 12 6 I I ! ■ J I i

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Table J5.—Monetary Assets and Liabilities of (a) Education Boards as Controlling Authorities of Technical Schools and Classes, and (b) Technical School Boards and Managers, as at 31st December, 1917.

Monetary Assets. Liabilities. ISet Balances. i ' i Bank Balances. I Other Assets. Total. I Overdrafts. 'I Overdrafts. Other Liabilities. Other Liabilities. Total. Total. Ci. Cr. Dr. Dr. 'I , : i_ j _ ('/.) Education Boards. £ s. d. Auckland .. .. .. .. .... 10,471 12 3 Taranaki .. .. .. .. Wanganui .. .. .. Hawie's Bay .. .. .. Wellington .. .. ., ' Nelson Canterbury . . . . .. ..... Otago Southland £ s. d. £ s. d. 580 0 0 11,051 12 3 "1,756 17 0 1.756 17 0 2,065 9 3 2,065 9 3 . 475 0 0 475 0 0 163 19 11 163 19 II 535 0 0 535 0 0 1,092 1 6 - 1.092 1 (i 88 9 9 88 9 9 72 5 9 72 5 9 £ s. d. ! 1,550 6 3 2,289 2 3 103 1 4 159 13 11 994 17 10 2.129 1 0 3,394 12 3 684 0 11 £ s. d. 5,054 10 0 219 8 5 10 0 0 3 0 0 227 0 0 100 0 0 £ s. d. 5,054 10 0 1,550 6 3 2,508 10 8 ' 173 1 4 162 13 11 1,221 17 10 2,229 1 0 3,394 12 3 684 0 11 I £ s. d. 5.997 2 3 206 11 3 301 18 8 1 6 0 £ s. d. 443 1 5 686 17 10 1,136 19 0 3,306 2 "6 611 15 2 i Totals .. .. .. 10,471 12 3 i 6,829 3 8 17,300 15 11 17,300 15 11 ■ 11,364 15 9 11,364 15 9 5,613 18 5 | ] 5,613 18 5 16,978 14 2 16,978 14 2 6.506 18 2 0,506 18 2 6,184 16 5 6,184 16 5 I—: _ (6.) Technical School Boards and Managers. " Elam " School of Art Napier Technical School .. .. •.. .. 1,465 7 2 Waipawa Technical School .. .. .. 56 0 6 Wellington Technical School .. .. .. 2,377 3 1 Petone Technical School .. . . .. .. 380 9 1 Masterton Technical School .. .. .. 235 3 4 Christchurch Technical School .. .. .. 1,239 5 4 Kaiapoi Technical School .. .. .. 92 1 1 7 Akaroa Technical School .. .. .. 1117 10 Ashhurton Technical School .. .. .. "369 9 4 Timaru Technical School .. .. .. 34 2 1 1 Temuka Technical School .. .. .. 42 16 11 Waimate Technical School .. .. .. 158 17 0 Pleasant Point Technical School .. .. 81 16 2 j Fairlie Technical School .. .. .. .. 28 5 7 Dunedin Technical School .. .. .. 4,211 0 10 Oarnaru Technical School .. ... .. 101 10 2 Milton Technical School .. .. .. .. 7119 7 Invercargill Technical School .. .. .. 503 2 7 49 9 .5 49 9 5 218 0 0 1,683 7 8 54 6 9 110 7 3 1.295 5 2 3,672 8 3 380 12 5 761 i 6 905 3 2 1,140 6 6 2,748 7 3 3,987 12 7 262 1.5 6 355 7 1 25 0 0 136 7 10 1,081 7 11 1,450 17 3 336 1 8 370 4 7 166 3 10 209 0 9 110 18 1 269 15 1 13 2 1 94 18 3 21 9 10 49 15 5 3,701 17 7 7,912 18 5 101 10 2 16 9 0 88 9 1 724 15 6 1,227 18 1 2,807 4 6 ■ - " 7 5 6 153 18 11 28 1 3 568 4 7 18 9 1 52 3 4 072 3 0 135 19 9 582 16 0 9 5 2 0 7 6 '4,420 14 1 25 0 0 221 19 9 2.814 10 0 153 18 11 28 1 3 .368 4 7 18 9 1 52 3 4 : 672 3 0 135 19 9 582 16 0 9 5 2 0 7 6 4.420 14 1 25 0 0 , 221' 19 9 1,529 8 9 82 6 0 3.104 3 8 742 12 5 1,088 3 2 3.315 9 7 219 7 4 136 7 10 868 1 3 370 4 7 ; 199 15 7 269 15 1 94 18 3 49 7 11 3.492 4 4 76 10 2 88 9 1 1,005 18 4 2, 0 7 ! Totals .. .. .. | 11,560 9 0 12,111 6 2 '< 23,671 15 2 2,S07 4 6 ; 2,807 4 6 6,896 7 11 6,896 7 11 9,703 12 5 9,703 12 5 16,733 3 4 16,733 3 4 2,765 0 7 2,765 0 7 Grand totals .. .. .. 22,032 1 3 18,940 9 10 : 40.972 11 1 14,172 0 3 14.172 0 3 12,510 6 4 | : 12,510 6 4 26,682 6 7 | 23,240 26,682 6 7 j 23.240 1 6 1 6 S,949 J 7 0 8,949 J 7 0

E.-- 5.

Table J6.—Number of Students according to Ages admitted to Classes other than Classes at Technical High Schools during the Year ended 31st December, 1917.

Table .17. - Occupation's of Students in Attendance at Technical Classes other than Classes at Technical High Schools during the Year ended 31st December, 1917. Domestic pursuits .. .. .. 3,233 Painters, plasterers, &C. .. .. 124 Professional pursuits.. .. .. 3,294 Printers, &c. .. .. .. 176 Clerical pursuits .. .. .. 2,382 Skilled labourers .. .. .. 128 Students .. .. .. ..3,320 Labourers .. .. .. .. 172 Agricultural pursuits.. .. .. 1,117 Seamen .. .. .. .. 61 Employed in shops or warehouses .. 1,373 Engaged in various other trades and inDressmakers, milliners, &c. .. .. 249 dustries .. .. .. .. 294 Tailors and tailoresses . . . . 102 Engaged in various public services .. 306 Engineers and mechanics .. .. 784 Occupations not stated .. .. 358 Electricians .. .. .. .. 261 Plumbers, metal-workers, &c. ~ .. 351 Total .. .. .. 18,400 Woodworkers .. .. .. 315 ==^

Table J8.—Number of Pupils receiving Free Education under Regulations for Free Places at Technical Classes during the Year ended 31st December, 1917.

Table J9.—Technical High Schools. —Courses taken by Students during the Year 1917.

38

I'Mllriition Districts. I Under 18 Years. 13-15 Years. 15-17 Years. Over 17 Years. Totals. Students admitted during 1917 who left a Public School during 1910 (included in Foregoing Totals). 1 M. V. 376 200 147 I 195 195 | 100 55 ! 33 145 | 79 36 38 226 I 153 133 I 53 34 18 Auckland Taranaki Wanganui ,. I I Lawko's Bay Wellington Nelson .. ('anterbury Otago .. Southland M, I'. 146 146 51 39 24 15 19 16 49 56 64 61 34 16 36 28 it, re. 150 320 83 ! 100 217 187 112 102 209 152 63 94 261 271 147 109 59 58 m. r. 036 426 160 184 394 375 116 103 420 283 67 143 462 429 306 234 88 93 M. I'. 600 961 776 444 253 j 739 68 j 281 538 033 89 320 946 1.370 538 564 188 301 M. F. ' 1,832 1,859 1,019 728 915 1,340 320 561 1,186 1,084 208 619 1,733 2,137 1,025 923 371 480 Totals .. < 423 377 423 377 1,601. j 1,399 2,649 2,330 3,996 5,625 8,669 I 9,731 1,347 929

Education District. At Technical High Mules. Females. Ichools. At other Classei i. Totals. Males. Females. Totals. Auckland Ta in naki Wanganui Kawke's Bay Wellington .Nelson .. ('anterliury Otago Southland • 243 257 ' 148 82 44 60 131 199 18 184 212 113 185 127 141 500 230 110 330 18 396 298 268 I I/O 107 147 40 514 67 365 285 70 328 154 245 50 307 138 393 186 105 798 201 392 90 821 205 758 471 181 Totals for 1917 1,008 1,142 1,008 1,142 2, 150 2,071 1,906 3,977 Totals for 1916 879 1,036 879 1,036 1,915 2,272 1,788 4,060

School. Goursi Industrial, j Agricu es of In istructi ion and Numbc Comn and Gt :r and Sex of Students. nercial , , ,., , eneral. Art ' Io( Capitation earned during Year ended Mist December, 1917. iltural. Don nestic. tals. Auckland .. Wanganui Napier Wellington Westport .. Christchurch I lunedin Invercargill M. P. | M. t 143 .. | 60 39 .. 28 37| •• •■ 90 .. 27 .. 132 ..40 75 .. 18 47 j .. | 12 590 .. 158 480 j .'. 153 F, M. 1?. 51 24 75 12 M. 63 89 15 41 I'. M. 1'. I M. 218 I 266 70 156 52 189 2 2 133 27 175 .. .. 211 177 .. . . j 131 115 .. ..I 134 1'. 269 94 75 203 £ 6,825 3,065 1,608 4,038 326 5,344 3,806 3,107 67 31 31 39 38 75 242 208 146 Totals, 1917 291 ! 360 944 2 2 I 1,110 1.237 28,119 Totals, 1910 301 338 831 2 .. 973 1,132 23,295

39

E.—s

Table J10.—Technical High Schools.— Attendance of Pupils and Capitation earned during the Year ended 31st December, 1917.

Centre. Attended Status of Pupil. 800 Hours or over. Capitation. Attended 600-799 Hours. Capitation. Attended 1 400-399 Capitation. Hours. Attended Total 200-399 ' Capitation. X umber of j Hours, i Pupils. ] !• I Capitation. \ Annual Grant. Total Capitation. Auckland Wanganui Wellington .. Xapier Westport Christchurch Dunedin Invercargill i Free \ Others I Free 1 Others i Free j Others f Free \ Others f Free 1 Others f Free [ Others ( Free 1 Others I Free i Others '.'. ' £ s. d. 451 ; 6,088 10 0 31 263 10 0 186 2,511 0 0 13 110 10 0 263 3,550 10 0 3 25 10 0 89 1,201 10 0 12 102 0 0 15 202 10 0 5 42 10 0 321 4,333 10 0 37 314 10 0 225 3,037 10 0 20 170 0 0 169 2,281 10 0 5 • 42 10 0 I £ s. d. 19 ' 192 7 6 ! 3 19 2 6 : 20 202 10 0 3 19 2 6 20 202 10 0 2 12 15 0 12 121 10 0 3 19 2 6 2 20 5 0 26 263 5 0 10 63 15 0 32 324 0 0 5 31 17 6 ! 31 313 17 6 8 51 0 0 16 1 9 1 13 6 4 "1 1 4 9 3 29 6 £ s. d. 108 0 0 4 5 0 60 15 0 4 5 0 87 15 0 8 10 0 40 10 0 17 0 0 6 15 0 4 5 0 148 10 0 17 0 0 60 15 0 12 15 0 195 15 0 25 10 0 £ s. d. 14 47 5 0 1 2 2 6 15 50 12 6 3 6 7 0 13 43 17 6 3 6 7 6 2 6 15 0 27 91 2 6 6 : 12 15 0 18 I 60 15 0 4 8 10 0 28 94 10 0 , 1 2 2 6 £ s. d. 500 6,436 2 6 36 289 0 0 230 ; 2,824 17 6 20 140 5 0 309 3,884 12 6 10 53 2 6 109 1,3*0 5 0 19 138 2 6 18 i 229 10 0 6 l 46 15 0 396 ' 4,836 7 6 57 408 0 0 284 3,483 0 0 32 223 2 6 257 2,885 12 6 20 121 2 6 £ £ s. d. 100 J 6,825 2 6 100 |j 3,065 2 6 100 } 4,037 15 0 160 !) 1,608 7 6 50 j 326 5 0 ioo i)-„., - R t 5,344 , 6 100 ll 3,806 2 6 iw) jl 3,106 15 0 Totals, 1917 .. Free Others _ r 1.719 23,206 10 0 i 126 1,071 0 0 162 i 1,640 5 0 34 216 15 0 105 22 708 15 0 93 10 0 j 117 ! 394 17 6 18 3S 5 0 2.103 25.950 7 6 200 1,419 10 0 '°° -28,119 17 1 i I

E.—s

40

Table J11.—Return of Staffs of Technical Schools and Classes for the Year ended 31st December, 1917 (exclusive of Office Staff, Caretakers, etc., and of Part-time Instructors receiving Salaries or Allowances of less than £100 per Annum).

Controlling Authorities, Technical School Boards, and Managers. Number of Maximum i Salaries ol Directors and Supervisors. Remarks. I Auckland Education Board Managers, " Elam " School of Art Taranaki Education Board Wanganui Education Board Palmerston North High School Board Hawke's Bay Education Board Napier Technical School Board Wellington Technical School Board .. Petone Technical School Board Managers, Masterton Technical School Nelson Education Board Canterbury College Board of Governors Canterbury Education Board Christchurch Technical School Board.. Ashburton Technical School Board Timaru Technical School Board Otago Education Board Dunedin Technical School Board Oamaru Technical School Board Southland Education Board Invercargill Technical School Board .. .. ! 27 3 13 14 24 3 6 4 3 19 4 1 3 IS 11 350 220 • 300 375 225 250 432 170 225 250 208 350 204 ISO 225 325 305 £900 (Director. Auckland Technical School) .. £500 (Supervisor of Technical Instruction for district.) .. £450 (Director and Secretary) £500 (Director of Agriculture) .. .. .. £460 (Director of Technical Education) £300 (Superintendent, Hawera TechnicalSchool) £450 (Director, Wanganui Technical School) £325 (Director, Feilding Technical School) £375 (Director. Palmerston North Technical School) £400 (Director of Technical Instruction for district) £500 (Director, Napier Technical School) £700 (Director, Wellington Technical School) .. £175 (Director and Secretary) £125 (Director and Secretary) £400 (Director, Nelson Technical School) £360 (Director, Westport Technical School) £275 (Acting-Director, School of Art) , £400 (Supervisor of Technical Instruction for district) .. £700 (Director, Christchurch Technical School) £350 (Director and Secretary) .. .. £288 (Director and Secretary) £450 (Principal, School of Art) - .. £650 (Director, Dunedin Technical School) £100 (Director and Secretary) £300 (Supervisor of Technical Instruction) £50li (Director. Invercargill Technical School) .. . Also Supervisor of Manual Instruction for district. Also manual classes. Also Instructor of Manual Classes. • Also Director of Manual Instruction for district. Also on staff of Petone District High School (salary, £270). Also on staff of Maste.rton District High School (salary. £330). Also instructor. Also Supervisor of Manual Instruction for district. Also Supervisor of Manual Instruction. I

E.—6.

Table J12.—Number of Candidates who passed the Technological Examinations of the City and Guilds of London Institute, 1917.

Approximate Cost of Paper. —Preparation, not given ; printing (1,275 copies), £55.

By Authority : MABOCS F. Marks, Government Printer, Wellington.—l9lB. i

Price Is .]

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Subjects of Examination. Number of Entries. Number of Passes. I Telegraphy—Final Telephony—Grade I Telephony Final . . . . ... Electrical engineering Grade T .. Electrical engineering- Grade II (first paper) Electrical engineering Grade II (second paper) Electrical engineering Final Electrical installation work Grade 1 Electrical installation work—Final Plumbers' work —Grade I Principles of leadwork -Grade II ., Plumbers' work -Grade II (practical) Plumbers' work-Grade II (whole examination) Principles of leadwork—Final Plumbers' work—Final (whole examination) • Mechanical engineering Division I, Grade I Mechanical engineering Division I, Grade II Mechanical engineering Division I, Final .. Mechanical engineering Division II, Grade J Mechanical engineering--Division II, Grade II Mechanical engineering—Division II, Final Motor-ear engineering Grade I . . Motor-car engineering—Grade'II .. Carpentry and joinery--Grade I .. Carpentry and joinery Grade If .. Carpentry and joinery Final Cabinetmaking—Grade I .. .. Cabinetmaking Final Builders' quantities— Grade \ ... Mine-surveying -Grade I .. Mine-surveying Grade II Painters' and decorators' work Grade II .. Gas-supply Final Gas-fitting Pinal .. .. ■ Woodwork First year Woodwork Pinal .. ... Millinery Dressmaking Plain cookery .. I 2 . 1 I 36 15 2 2 7 3 3 3 4 3 I 8 44 12 I 10 1 1 • 14 3 7 6 3 12 l 2 5 I I I 1 II 2 4 II 4(1 2 1 1 26 9 2 5 2 3 3 2 3 14 4 14 1 5 2 4 5 5 1 1 2 1 9 1 I' 43 Tol.ti.ls, 1917 297 181 Totals, 191 (i .. 336 211