Art. XLII.—Notes on the New Zealand Musci, and Descriptions of New Species.

Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Volume 29, 1896, Page 465

Art. XLII.—Notes on the New Zealand Musci, and Descriptions of New Species. By Robert Brown. [Read before the Philosophical Institution of Canterbury, 18th July. 1896.] Plates XXXV.-XXXVIII. Genus Campylopus. The species belonging to this genus are easily recognised by their erect, densely-tufted habit, the upper half of the fruitstalk being hygrometric, moving up or down according to the amount of moisture by which the plants are surrounded, they also have very broad lamellated nerves; their peristomes are bifid in the upper part and united below; the calyptra is cucullate, and almost invariably fringed at the base with cilia. They flourish luxuriantly in damp or wet situations, in the crevices of rocks, on marshy ground, and on wet rotten wood or other decaying vegetable matter. This genus is well represented on Stewart Island, especially on Mr. Walker's run, which is a low marshy valley that extends from Paterson's Inlet to Mason's Bay and Ruggedy

Isles on the western side of the island. Another prolific locality is on the property of Mr. Traill, Waterfall Run, at the head of the inlet, where a considerable portion of the vegetation is made up of these small plants, especially near the water. I have found great difficulty in arriving at the determination of the different plants of this genus from the want of sufficiently-identified species, and also from the extreme paucity of the descriptions of some of the Campylopi described in the” Handbook of the New Zealand Flora,” where Sir W. Hooker remarks “that the New Zealand species are far from being satisfactorily determined, owing to the want of good specimens, and the different views of authors.” Since that time very little has been done to improve this very unsatisfactory position—in fact, I am only aware of one species having been added to the list—viz., C. kirkii. I have, unfortunately, only a very small barren piece of this moss, which I received from Mr. Kirk himself, so I am even unable to satisfactorily identify the plant. I have given figures of all the species of this genus which, have come under my notice with the exception of C. kirkii, which has already been figured by Mr. Beckett in vol. xxvi., “Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute.” The leaves of the different mosses that I have drawn are taken from the same parts of each plant of this very difficult genus. The figures are also drawn to one scale for facility of comparison, &c. 1. C. introflexus, Hedwig, Handbk. N.Z. Fl., p. 414. An extremely common plant in New Zealand, and has a large number of varieties, some of them differing so much in appearance “and in the size of the capsule that there is often great difficulty in identification. 2. C. appressifolius, Mitten, Handbk. N.Z. Fl, p. 414. I have been unable to identify this plant. This may have resulted from the great similarity existing in the leaves of a great many different species of this genus. This is accentuated by the unfortunate fact that the capsule of this moss is not described in the “Handbook of the New Zealand Flora,” which is apparently the only authority on this matter. It is a matter for regret that descriptions are not always accompanied with authentic drawings, as a considerable amount of time and labour would be saved. My own impression, from reading the remarks attached to the description of C. clavatus, Brown, in the above-mentioned work, is that C. appressifolius is intermediate between C. clavatus and C. introflexus, and may possibly be one of the many varieties of C. introflexus.

3. C. clavatus, Brown, Handbk. N.Z. Fl., p. 414. I have only seen one specimen of this moss, which was collected by Mr. Petrie in Otago, and agrees very well with the description in the Handbook. My figures are drawn from his specimens. 4.C. sparksii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in loose patches, 1 ½in. high, slender; yellowish-green at the apex, brown below. Stem simple or dichotomously branched. Branches aggregated, arising from the gemmiform apex of the stem, one or two innovations continuing the stem, the other ones being short fruiting-branches. Leaves inserted all round the stem, flexuous or subsecund, lower ones small, tapering from the base into a slender point; upper ones long, tapering from an oblong base into a long slender point, toothed near-the apex, convolute. Nerves broad, lanceolate. Areola linear-oblong. Leaves unaltered when dry. Leaves on fruiting-branch: lower small convolute; perichætial convolute, sheathing, tapering from an oblong base into a long slender toothed point. Nerves narrow. Fruit terminal. Seta hygrometric, from the middle upwards ¼ to ⅜ decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule elliptic, tapering into the fruitstalk. Operculum stout, oblique, conico-rostrate. Peristome single, 16, united at the base, bifid; lower half dome-shaped, upper half erect and slightly cohering at the tips. Calyptra cucullate, fringed with cilia at the base. Hab. Wet base of tussocks, Horse-shoe Lake, near Christ-church; March, 1883. Collected by R. B. 5. C. torquatus, Mitten, Handbk. N.Z. Fl. p. 414. This plant, although not so common as C. introflexus, is to be found all over New Zealand. 6.C. cockaynii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in tufts, yellowish above, dark? brown below, 1in. to 2in. high. Stems simple, or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated at the apex, one or two of them are innovations containing the stem, the other ones being short fruiting-branches. Leaves inserted all round the stem, imbricating, semi-convolute, middle and upper ones very similar, ovate-lanceolate, tapered into a subulate point. Nerve broad, lanceolate, erect, and adpressed when dry. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower and middle oblong, shortly tapering into a hair-point; upper oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a hair-point; perichætial, cylindric, sheathing, suddenly contracted into a hair-point. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk hygrometric above the middle, flexuous, and decurved when

moist, erect and sparsely twisted when dry. Capsule ovate, symmetrical. Operculum oblique, conico-rostrate, beak slender. Peristome single, 16, bifid to the middle; lower half incurved, upper erect. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Marshy ground, Stewart Island; March, 1892. Collected by R. B. 7.C. traillii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, yellowish above, dark-brown below, 1in. to 2in. high. Stems simple or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated at the apex; one or two are innovations, which continue the stem, the others being short branches bearing the fruit. Leaves inserted all round the stem, imbricating, semi-convolute, middle ones linear-lanceolate, tapering into a hyaline hair-point entire or minutely toothed, nearly occupying all the leaf; upper shorter, lanceolate, shortly tapering into a hyaline point. Nerve broad, lanceolate, erect when dry. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower and middle linear-lanceolate, tapering into a hair-point half the length of the leaf; upper, oblong, suddenly contracted into a hair-point; Perichætial narrow, cylindric, sheathing contracted into an acuminate point, hyaline at the apex. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk hygrometric above the middle, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule ovate, symmetrical. Operculum short, conico-rostrate, oblique. Peristome single, 16, bifid, lower half incurved, upper erect, united at the base. Calyptra fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Marshy ground, Stewart Island; March, 1892. Collected by R. B. 8. C. searellii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, golden-yellow above, brown below, 2in. to 4in. high. Stems radiculose, simple or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated at the apex; one or two of them are innovations, which continue the stem, the other ones being short branches bearing fruit, their number being variable. Leaves inserted all round the stem, erecto-patent, semi-convolute; middle ones-linear-lanceolate, tapered into a hair-point; upper about the-same length, ovate-lanceolate, tapered into a stouter hair-point, with a few teeth on the apex. Nerve broad, lamellated, erect when dry. Areola oblong. Leaves on the fruiting-branches semi-convolute, lower linear-lanceolate, middle oval-lanceolate, all tapered into a hair-point; upper ones oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a hair-point, slightly toothed on the apex; Perichætial cylindric, sheathing, tapered shortly into a hair-point, inner one short. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk

hygrometric above the middle, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect, and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule elliptic. Operculum narrow, oblique, conico-rostrate. Peristome single, 16, bifid, three-quarters of their length, united, at the base, lower, portion in curving, upper erect. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Otira Gorge; December, 1887. Collected by R. B. Var. β. Stems more slender, and the hair-points, of the fruiting-branch leaves nearly-one-half longer. Hab. West Coast, near Greymouth. Collected by W. J. Gulliver, 1895, on. very wet ground. 9. C. bellii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, brownish-yellow above, brown below, ½in. to ¾in, high. Stems simple or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated at the apex; one or two of them are innovations continuing the stem, the others being, short branches, bearing the fruit, Leaves inserted all round the stem, imbricating, erector-patent, semi-convolute; middle ones small, narrow, shortly oblongs-lanceolate, tapered into a hair-point, double the length of the lower portion; upper ones ovate-lanceolate, tapering into a long hair-point, hyaline, and minutely-toothed at the apex. Nerve broad, lamellate, erect when dry. Areola small, quadrate. Leaves of fruiting-branches small, tapering from, a short, ovate base into a hair-point, two and a half times longer than the base, hyaline at the apex; upper oblong, tapered into a hair-point, hyaline at the apex; perichætial cylindric, sheathing, tapering into a hair-point, hyaline at apex. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk hygrometric above the middle, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule pyriform. Operculum oblique, conico-rostrate for two-thirds of capsule. Peristome single, bifid, incurved in the lower half, erect in the upper. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the apex with cilia. Hab. Lake Te Anau, among decaying Sphagnum; January, 1890. Collected by R. B. 10.C. walkerii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, ½in. to 1 ½in. high yellowish at the apex, almost black below. Stems simpler or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated, arising from the apex; one or two are innovations continuing the stem, the others being short fruiting-branches, variable in their number. Leaves inserted all round the stem, erecto-patent; middle ones oblong-lanceolate, acute; supper, lanceolate, tapered into an obtuse hyaline apex, semi-convolute. Margins entire. Nerve broad, lanceolate, erect, and adpressed

when dry. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower and middle oblong-lanceolate, tapered into a hair-point, hyaline at the apex; upper oblong, tapered into a hair-point, convolute, sheathing; perichætial longest, cylindric, tapered into a hair-point, hyaline at the apex. Fruit terminal. Upper half of fruitstalk hygrometric, flexuous, and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule subpyriform. Operculum oblique, conico-rostrate, about half the length of the capsule. Peristome single, 16, perforated, lower half incurved, upper erect, united at the base. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Marshy ground, Stewart Island; March, 1892. Collected by R. B. 11.C. rarus, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense patches from 1in. to 3 ½in. high, dull yellowish-green above, pale-brown below. Stems slender, simple or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated, arising from the apex; one or two of them are innovations continuing the stems, the others being short branches bearing the fruit, variable in number. Leaves inserted all round the stem, imbricating, erecto-patent, straight, semi-convolute; middle ones linear-lanceolate, acute; upper shorter and broader, similar in outline to the middle ones. Margins entire. Nerve broad, lamellate, erect and adpressed when dry. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower and middle oblong-lanceolate, tapered into a hair-point, about half the length; upper larger, oblong, tapered into a short point, semi-convolute; perichætial cylindric, erect, sheathing, with an acuminate point. Fruit terminal. Upper half of fruitstalk hygrometric, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule ovate. Mouth slightly oblique. Operculum not found. Peristome single, 16, bifid to the middle, united at the base. Calyptra not found. Hab. On marshy ground, near Lake Te Anau; January, 1890. Collected by R. B. 12.C. ohingaitii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in loose tufts about 1in. high, pale-green above, brown, below. Stems simple or dichotomous, slightly gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated, arising from the apex, one or two being innovations, the others being short and fertile, variable in number. Leaves imbricating all round, secund, semi-convolute; middle ones shortly oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a slender minutely-toothed point, about twice the length of the lower portion; upper ones with a short ovate base, tapering into a slender point, minutely toothed, three times the length of the base. Nerve lamellate, and occupying one-third of the breadth,

scarcely altered when dry. Areola quadrate. Leaves, fruiting: lower and middle having a short erect sheathing-base, tapering into a long, slender, curved hair-point four times longer than the base; upper ones sheathing, base oblong, tapering into a long hair-point; perichætial slender, sheathing, cylindric,. suddenly tapered into a long, slender, flexuous hair-point, entire or minutely toothed. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk hygrometric above the middle, decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule ovate. Peristome single, 16, bifid, united at the base; lower half incurved, upper erect. Operculum not found. Calyptra fringed with cilia at the base. Hab. Decayed wood, bed of River Otahapi, a tributary of the Rangitikei, North Island, N.Z. Collected by R. B. 13.C. bicolor, Hornsch., Handbk. N.Z. Fl., p. 415. I have received authentic specimens of this plant collected by Dr. Boor, in Golden Bay, in the Province of Nelson. Mr. W. A. Weymouth has also sent me some Tasmanian specimens of this moss, authenticated by Dr. Brotherus, of Helsingfors, which are identical with the Nelson specimens, and also with specimens collected by me in Stewart Island, March, 1892. Among those then collected were several varieties of this species, one of the most distinct of them being twice as stout as C. bicolor, strongly resembling C. kirkii, Mitten. I have named this particular variety C. intermedia, to distinguish it from a much stouter variety, which is from four to five times stouter than C. bicolor. The drawings given of C. bicolor are taken from Dr. Boor's specimens. It appears to be very local. Amended description.—Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, 2in. to 3 ½in. high, yellow at the apex, dark-brown below. Stems slender, simple or branched, gemmiform at the apes. Branches aggregated at the apex; one or two of them are innovations continuing the stem, the others being short branches bearing the fruit. Leaves inserted all round the stem, erect or erecto - patent, imbricating; middle ones linear-lanceolate, obtuse; upper larger, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse. Nerve one-third of the breadth, lamellate, semi-convolute, adpressed when dry. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower and middle ones shortly oblong-lanceolate, tapered into a hair-point, half of the length; upper larger, similar in outline, nerves narrow; perichætial cylindric, sheathing, shortly tapered into a short subacute point. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk hygrometric above the middle, flexuous, and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule ovate, symmetrical. Operculum oblique, conico-

rostrate.Peristome single, 16, bifid above, united below Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Golden Bay, Nelson: collected by Dr. Boor. Stewart Island, in marshy ground; March, 1892: R. B. Var. β intermedia. Stems twice as stout as bicolor. Var. γ. Stems very stout, from four to five times stouter than bicolor. There was only one capsule found on this, variety, which was slightly damaged. Collected by R. B. 15.C. stewartii, n.s. Plants growing in very dense patches, from 2in. to 3 ½in. high, yellowish-green above, dark-brown below. Stems flexuous, erect, simple. Leaves imbricating all round the stem, nearly erect, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, concave, cucullate at the apex. Nerve very broad, lanceolate, continued to the apex. Margins entire, erect, and adpressed when dry. Areola small, trapezoid. Fruit not found. Hab. On the ground, summit of Mount Thomson, Stewart Island; March, 1892. Collected by R. B. 16.C. gulliverii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, 1 ½in. to 2in. high, pale-green. Stems slender, simple or dichotomously branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated, arising from the apex, one or two of them, being innovations, in continuation of the stem, the others being short branches bearing the fruit. Leaves small, inserted all round the stem, loosely imbricating, spreading or incurved; middle ones with a short ovate base, shortly tapered into a slender hair-point, three times the length of the base; upper ones shortly oblong, tapered into a slender point, base sheathing. Nerve one-third of the breadth, lamellate, scarcely altered when dry. Areola small, oblong. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower ones, base shortly ovoid, tapering into a slender hair-point, three to four times longer than the base; middle, obovate, suddenly rounded into a hair-point, four times longer than the base; upper, longer, oblong, rounded into a hair-point, three and a half times longer than the base; sheathing; perichætial cylindric, sheathing the fruitstalk; suddenly contracted into a slender hair-point, two and a half to three times the length of-the lower portion. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk 3/16in. long, hygrometric from the middle upwards, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule narrow, ovate-oblong, narrowed to the mouth. Operculum oblique, subulate two-third the length of the capsule. Peristome, 16, single, bifid, lower half incurved, upper half erect, united at the base. Calyptra not fringed at the base with, cilia. Hab. Wet places, near Greymouth, West Coast; 1896. Collected by W. J. Gulliver.

17.C. cylindricothecum, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, about 1in. high, yellow above; brown below. Stems nearly simple, slender, subgemmiform at the apex: Branches aggregated, arising from the apex; one or two of them are innovations continuing the stem, the others are short branches bearing the fruit, variable in number. Leaves inserted all round the stem, subsecund or erecto-patent; middle ones oblong-lanceolate, tapered into a long slender hair-point, entire or slightly, toothed; upper broader, ovate. - lanceolate, tapering into a hair - point: Nerve broad, lamellate, semi - convolute, erect; when dry, Areola oblong, small. Fruiting - branch leaves: lower, ones linear-lanceolate, tapered into a hair - point; middle oblong, suddenly contracted into a hair-point, longer than the lower, portion; upper larger, but otherwise similar; perichætial leaves, lower half cylindric, sheathing, tapering into a slender hair-point, minutely toothed. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk 5/16in. long; upper half hygrometric, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule cylindric, narrowed at the base, which is minutely scabrid. Operculum straight, narrow, conico-rostrate, one and a half times shorter than the capsule. Peristome single, 16, bifid, united at the base, incurved below, erect above; Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Wet turfy soil, near the Bealey; February, 1889. Collected by R. B. 18.C. ellipticothecum, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense, patches from 1in. to 4in. high, yellow above, brown below. Stems radiculose. Branches barren and fertile, aggregated in the gemmiform apex of the stem, fertile ones very short, barren ones from ⅜in. to 1in. long; one or two forming the continuation of the stem, which in turn become gemmiform previous to fruiting, which gives the plants a knotted appearance. Leaves imbricating all round the stem, slightly, second, nearly erect below, erecto-patent at the apex; middle stem ones, oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a long slender point, entire or minutely toothed at the apex; upper ones broader but otherwise similar. Nerve broad, plaited, occupying all the upper portion of the leaf, concave, radiculose at the base. Areola small, trapezoid, alar ones large, unaltered when dry. Fruiting-branch leaves, small, base oblong, tapering into a long slender point, base sheathing, nerve broad; perichætial leaves convolute, sheathing the fruitstalk, then tapering, into a long, slender, curved point, inner one largest. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk long, hygrometric in the middle flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule cylindric,

scabrid at the base, slightly narrowed towards the mouth. Operculum nearly straight, shortly conic, tapering into a. slender beak two-thirds the length of the capsule. Peristome single. Calyptra cucullate, ciliated at the base. Hab. Marshy ground, Stewart Island; March, 1892. Collected by R. B. 19.C. arcuatus, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense tufts, 1in. to 2in. high, yellow above, brown below. Stems nearly simple, slightly gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated, arising from the apex; one, and sometimes two, being innovations continuing the stem, the others being short branches bearing the fruit, variable in number. Leaves inserted all round the stem, imbricating, straight erecto-patent; middle ones small, linear-lanceolate, tapering into a slender hair-point, hyaline and slightly toothed at the apex; upper small, shortly ovate-lanceolate, tapered into a short point, hyaline at the toothed apex. Nerve broad, lamellate. Leaves erect when dry. Areola small, linear. Fruiting-branch leaves: lower very small; middle ones large, shortly ovate, tapering into a slender hair-point; upper larger, but similar in outline, hyaline, and toothed at the apex; perichætial longest, cylindric, tapering into a long slender hair-point, hyaline, slightly toothed at the apex. Fruit terminal, solitary. Fruitstalk hygrometric from the middle upwards, flexuous and decurved. when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule small, oblique, cylindric. Operculum oblique, narrow, subulate, half the length of the capsule. Peristome imperfect, single, 16, united at the base. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Marshy ground, Stewart Island; March, 1892. Collected by R. B. 20.C. otaramaii, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense patches, 1in. to 2 ½in. high, green above, brown below. Stems simple or dichotomously branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated, arising from the apex; one or two of them being innovations continuing the stem, the others being short branches bearing the fruit. Leaves inserted all round the stem, imbricating, erecto-patent or spreading, semi-convolute; middle stem leaves subulate, tapered into a hair-point, hyaline at the apex, and slightly toothed; upper, shortly oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a long hair-point, hyaline, and slightly toothed at the apex. Nerve broad, lamellate. Leaves flexuous when dry. Areola small, oblong. Fruiting-branch leaves; lower and middle shorter, oblong-lanceolate, tapered into a long hair-point, hyaline, and slightly toothed; upper, oblong,

shortly tapered into a long hair-point, semi-convolute; perichætial, cylindric, sheathing, tapered into a hair-point, hyaline, and slightly toothed at apex. Fruit terminal, solitary. Upper half of fruitstalk hygrometric, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule narrow, cylindric, narrowed towards the base. Operculum subulate, two-thirds the length of the capsule. Peristome single, 16, bifid, united at the base, lower half incurved, upper half erect. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab North side of Mount Torlesse, near Otarama, on wet clay banks; March, 1896. Collected by R. B. 21.C arenarius, n.s. Plants diœcious, growing in dense patches, ¼in. to 2/3in. high, yellow above, brown below. Stems simple or branched, gemmiform at the apex. Branches aggregated at the apex; one or two are innovations continuing the stem, the others are short, bearing the fruit, variable in number. Leaves small, inserted all round the stem, semi-convolute; middle ones narrow, linear-lanceolate, tapering into a very slender hair-point, shortly hyaline, and with a few minute teeth at the apex; upper, ovate, lanceolate, tapering into a slender hair-point, shortly hyaline. Nerve broad, lamellate, flexuous when dry. Areola oblong. Fruiting-branch leaves small, convolute; lower, subulate, tapered into, a hair-point; middle, shortly oblong-lanceolate; upper, longer, tapering into a long slender hair-point, shortly-hyaline at the apex; perichætial, cylindric, sheathing, tapering into along slender point. Fruit terminal. Fruitstalk 2/3in. long; upper half hygrometric, flexuous and decurved when moist, erect and spirally twisted when dry. Capsule small, subcylindric. Operculum subulate, oblique, nearly two-thirds the length of the capsule. Peristomes all destroyed. Calyptra cucullate, fringed at the base with cilia. Hab. Wet sand, Stewart Island, March, 1892. Collected by R. B. Key To Species. 1. Campylopus introflexus, Hedw. 2. " appressifolius, Mitten. 3. " clavatus, Brown. 4. " sparksii, n.s. 5. " torquatus, Mitten. 6. " cockaynii, n.s. 7. " traillii, n.s. 8. " searellii, n.s. 9. " bellii, n.s. 10. " walkerii n.s. 11. " rarus, n.s. 12. " ohingaitii, n.s. 13. " bicolor, Hornschuch. 14. " kirkii, Mitten.

15. Campylopus stewartii, n.s. 16. " gulliverii, n.s. 17. " cylindricothecum, n.s. 18. " ellipticothecum, n.s. 19. " arcuatus, n.s. 20. " otaramaii, n.s. 21. " arenarius, n.s. Explanation Of Plates XXXV.-XXXVIII. Plate XXXV. Fig. 1.—Campylopus introflexus, Hedw. (one of its forms). 1. Perichætial leaf. 2. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle stem leaf. 5. Upper stem leaf. 6. Capsule. 7. Peristome. 8. Calyptra. Fig. 3.—-Campylopus clavatus, Brown. 1. Inner and outer perichætial leaves. 2. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle stem leaf. 5. Upper stem leaf. 6. Capsule. Fig. 4.—Campylopus cockaynii, n.s. 1. Outer perichætial leaf. 2. Inner perichætial leaf. 3. Leaf outside perichætial. 4. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Calyptra. Fig. 5.—Campylopus torquatus, Mitten. 1. Inner and outer perichætial leaves. 2. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Calyptra. Plate XXXVI. Fig. 6.—Campylopus cockaynii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle stem leaf. 5. Upper stem leaf. 6. Capsule. 7. Peristome. Fig. 7.—Campylopus traillii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 6. Middle stem leaf. 7. Upper stem leaf. 8. Capsule. Fig. 8.—Campylopus searellii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaves. 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 6. Middle stem leaf. 7. Upper stem leaf. 8. Capsule. 9. Peristome. Fig. 9.—Campylopus bellii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle branch leaf, (fruiting). 5. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 6. Middle stem leaf. 7. Upper stem leaf. 8. Capsule. 9. Calyptra. Fig. 10.—Campylopus walkerii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 6. Middle stem leaf. 7. Upper stem leaf. 8. Capsule. 9. Peristome. 10. Calyptra.

Plate XXXVII. Fig. 11.—Campylopus rarus, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaf. 2. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Outside perichætial leaf. 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Middle stem leaf (from specimen found growing in water). 8. Capsule. Fig. 12.—Campylopus ohingaitii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Peristome. 9. Calyptra. Fig. 13.—Campylopus bicolor, Hornsch. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 6. Middle stem leaf. 7. Upper stem leaf. 8. Capsule. 9. Calyptra. Fig. 15.—Campylopus stewartii, n.s. 1. Stem leaves (middle). 2. Stem leaves (upper), immature. Fig. 16.—Campylopus gulliverii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Middle branch leaf. 4. Lower branch leaf. 5. Upper stern leaf. 6. Lower stern leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Peristome. 9. Calyptra. Plate XXXVIII. Fig. 17.—Campylopus cylindricothecum, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Peristome. 9. Calyptra. Fig. 18.—Campylopus ellipticothecum, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Calyptra. Fig. 19.—Campylopus arcuatus, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Calyptra. Fig. 20.—Campylopus otaramaii, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Outside perichætial leaf. 3. Middle stem leaf. 4. Upper stem leaf. 5. Capsule. Fig. 21.— Campylopus arenarius, n.s. 1. Perichætial leaves. 2. Middle branch leaf (fruiting). 3. Upper branch leaf (fruiting). 4. Lower branch leaf (fruiting). 5. Middle stem leaf. 6. Upper stem leaf. 7. Capsule. 8. Calyptra.