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all the countries of the world, matching needs with available supplies. The use of photographic reproduction, both for protecting printed materials, and for making them more readily available, is conceived on a completely new scale. An unspectacular but very necessary part of this work will be the preparation and publication of international bibliographies, union catalogues, indexes, abstracts, and the like. Similarly, UNESCO will, in conjunction with the United Nations and other special agencies, act as a clearing-house for information about films, film strips, and other visual media, particularly in the fields of health, food, agriculture, social and economic problems, science, and the arts. There is, throughout the world, an immense amount of material of this type which is losing most of its effect because 'there is no- administrative mechanism for making it known and having it distributed on an international scale. The Organization will also establish a clearing-house of radio information with the object of encouraging countries to reflect in their national broadcasting systems the culture and achievements of other countries. A committee is to be set up to see if it is possible to establish, in conjunction with United Nations, a world-wide network for radio broadcasting and reception. Another group is making a survey of the existing press and film services from the point of view of their adequacy for the task of improving international understanding. It was thought that proposals can be made, in the light of such a study, for the elimination of inadequacies where they are to be found, and for the encouragement of such supplementary services as will best fulfil UNESCO's purposes. Language differences offer a serious obstacle to international understanding at the level of the man-in-the-street, and translation services are almost completely unorganized and haphazard. UNESCO intends to create a translation office to prepare a bibliography of translations, to compile a list of first-rate translators, and to compile and ' keep up to date a list of works suitable for translation. IV. The Increase of Knowledge All the projects so far mentioned are concerned with the preservation and dissemination of knowledge. There remains a whole group of projects approved by the Conference which have for their immediate aim the increase of knowledge. For our part, we would give priority to those whose subject-matter is most closely related to the maintenance of peace. One of the most interesting and at the same time most difficult' of these is a study of the tensions conducive to war. This will include studies of nationalism and internationalism and of the effects of technological progress upon the well-being of peoples. It will also include detailed investigation of