H.—3l

20

Besides advantages of climate, New Zealand possesses a population younger in age-constitution than that of most other countries—conditions favourable to a low rate of mortality. Another table is given comparing death-rates at twelve age-periods for 1909 with those of England and Wales. Here the extremely low rate of mortality among children under five years of age is remarkable, and the difference at some of the groups at the more advanced ages is considerable. The New Zealand rate for males is higher than that for females at all groups excepting 15-20, 20-25, and 25-30 ; while for England and Wales the female rate is greater than that for males at 10-15 years, and is lower in every other instance.

Death-rate per 1,000 Persons living, according to Sex, for the Year 1911, compared with England and Wales.

Index of Mortality in New Zealand for 1913.

A similar calculation for the States of the Australian Commonwealth has been made for 1912. The results, when compared with the actual rates, exhibit to what degree the age-constitution of the population affects the death-rate. The figures for New Zealand are also given. Year 1912. Index. Actual. New South Wales ... ... ... ... ... 13-63 10-86 Victoria ... ... ... ... ... ... 14-94 12-23 Queensland... ... ... ... ... ... 1391 1096 South Australia ... ... ... ... ... 12-76 10-28 Western Australia ... ... ... ... ... 14-55 11-06 Tasmania ... ... ... ... ... ... 1369 1073 New Zealand ... ... ... ... ... 11-27 8-87

Comparative Death-rate for the Period 1904 to 1913.

per 'ersons living. Ages. New Y New Zealand. Zeali land. England and Wale;:. England 1 and .1 Wales. Males. Males. Fomales. Fomales. Males. Females. Males. Females. Under 5 years 5 years and under 10 years 10 „ 15 „ 15 „ 20 „ 20 „ 25 „ 25 „ 30 „ 30 .. 35 „ 35 „ tO „ 10 „ 45 .. 45 „ 50 „ 50 „ 55 „ 55 „ 60 „ 60 „ 65 „ 65 „ 70 „ 70 „ 75 „ 75 „ 80 „ 80 „ 85 „ 85 and upwards All ages i 1830 2-04 1-75 2-05 273 3-29 4-52 5-62 7-3,5 8-90 1371 17-01 2639 46-19 62-86 99-01 162-40 282-01 10-46 14-89 1-73 119 2.32 3-18 4.40 421 4-63 5-27 7-28 9-76 14-94 21-51 31-99 52-49 90-58 137-50 226-19 8-21 47-32 3-46 2-04 304 3-85 4-46 553 7-11 9-27 12-49 17-41 24-56 36-07 52-09 80-90 119-64 171-99 270-69 1558 40-14 337 2-07 2-72 3-21 3-73 456 5-90 7-41 9-86 13-24 19-09 27-73 39-47 66-72 99 53 151-58 23268 13-67

Ages. i . Estimated Mean Population. Number of Deaths. Death Percentage of Index of . " Population Mortality in _., i nnn of Sweden, 1890 New'Zealand per l.uou. ( Standard) . per ]0 00. Under 1 year 1 and under 20 years ... 20 and under 40 years 40 and under 60 years 60 years and upwards ... 25,82? ... 402,634 ... 385,234 ... I 179,885 75,064 1,653 971 1,550 1,821 4,124 64 00 2-41 4-02 10-12 54-94 2-55 39-80 26-96 19-23 11-46 1-63 0-96 1-08 1-95 6-30 Totals ... 1,068,644 10,119 10,119 9-47 10000 11-92

Country. 1904. 19(15. 1906. 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. ! 1912. 1913. New Zealand ... Queensland New South Wales Victoria South Australia* Western Australia Tasmania I 1 9-57 ... 1006 ... 10-67 ... 11-97 ... 10-46 ... 1204 ... 10-79 9-27 9-31 10-95 9-57 9-22 10-40 9-50 10-31 10-26 9-70 1018 9-95 10-63 1020 9-89 12-17 12-55 11-86 12-71 11-45 1045 10-71 10-30 10-26 9-82 10-98 1212 11-47 11-17 1027 1000 10-91 1081; 1136 9 68j 971 9-39 887 9-71 10-65 10-96 9-89 10-37 10-86 11-49 11-45 12-23 1021 9-82 10-28 10-11 1019 11-06 11-10 10-13J 10-73 9-47 10-39 10-89 11-11 10-82 9-34 10-87 * Excluding the Northern Territory.