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The Lady Chelmsford Pure Milk Institute was opened in 1909 for the supply of a clean pun' milkin Brisbane for infant-feeding. The delivery of the milk began on the Ist July, 1909. 5. South Australia.—The State Children's Act, 1895, provides for the constitution of a Council to have the control of all State children and the supervision of all institutions for their reception, education, or training. The Act provides for the establishment and inspection of institutions, for the commitment, release, and apprenticing or placing-out of children, and for the licensing and supervision of lying-in homes and foster-mothers. Illegitimate children are also received into the institutions under the care of the Council, and are placed out in various homes. It is stated that the result, so far as illegitimate children are concerned, is that the death-rate of infants supervised by the Council is under 7 per cent., while the death-rate of those not under such supervision is 15 per cent. On the 18th June, 1909, there were 1.383 children under the control of the Council. 6. Western Australia. In Western Australia the State Children's Act, 1907. provides for the control of boarded-out infants, the registration of foster-parents, and the general supervision of the conditions of infant life and of neglected or destitute boys and girls under the age of eighteen years. The Act is administered by the State Children's Department. The registration of Maternity Homes is obligatory, and persons acting as paid foster-mothers to any child under the age of three years must be licensed. Neglected or destitute children may be committed to orphanages, and convicted children to industrial schools. There is one Government institution under the Act, and it is used as a receiving depot for the temporary detention of all classes of children. The Act also provides for the establishment of Children's Courts, which must not be held in any Police or other Court House. With regard to the prevention of infantile mortality, the educational aspect has been met by the free distribution of pamphlets giving directions to mothers respecting the care and feeding of infants. 7. Tasmania. —The Infant-life Protection Act, 1907, which is administered by the Commissioner of Police, provides for the protection of illegitimate and privately boarded-out infants, and for the compulsory registration of nursing-homes and occupiers. Notice of the death of an infant in a registered home must be given within twenty-four hours, and the adoption of illegitimate infants under five years of age must be registered. Notice of the birth or death under the age of five years of an illegitimate infant is also compulsory. The Act also deals with paternity proceedings, in connection with the payment of preliminary or maintenance expenses for illegitimate children.

Approximate Cost i>l Paper. —!'re|»aration nut yiven printing 12,100 copies, Including illustrations and plan. £40.

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