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6. Discuss compulsory arbitration in industrial matters under the following heads: — (a.) Practicability of enforcement of awards against employees. (b.) Incentive to special effort by employees, (c.) Probability of employees entering the employer class. (d.) Stability of cost of production. 7. Describe as accurately as you can the part that capital plays in the production of commodities, distinguishing the different classes of capital. Criticize the statement that interest is the remuneration of abstinence. 8. Show, with examples, the actual operation of competition in determining (a) prices in the retail trade, (b) the rate of interest on loans. 9. Discuss the question of free-trade and protection, with special reference to the development and extension of American industries. What deductions would you draw from American experience in reference to the proposal for a British zollverein and on the question of preference in British countries to goods of British manufacture ?

No. 88.—-Writing.—For Class D. Time allowed: Half an hour. 1. As a test of handwriting, write the following passage and reference on the lines [f in apart] ruled below : — Thy father bears the type of King of Naples, Of both the Sioila and Jerusalem, Yet not so wealthy as an English yeoman. Hath that poor monarch taught thee to insult ? It needs not, nor it boots thee not, proud Queen. —3 Henry VI., 1,, ii., 121-125. 2. Write the words " Marine Office " in such a hand that the small letters shall fit the space [Jin.] between the two lines ruled below.

9 No. Blf.. — Shorthand. — For Civil Service Junior. Time alloived : One hour. [For Supervisors only.] Instructions to Supervisors. 1. Inform the candidates before the time for taking up this subject that a candidate may use pen or pencil as he pleases for taking notes, which should be written in a ruled note-book, but that he must transcribe those notes into longhand with pen and ink in one of the ruled foolscap books provided. 2. Inform them also that the clearness and accuracy of the shorthand notes (which must in every case be handed in together with the transcript) will be taken into account by the examiner. 3. Inform candidates that when once you have begun to dictate you cannot stop until the passage is finished. 4. Dictate the passage at the rate of 80 words a minute. N.B.—lt will be well to practise reading the passage aloud some time beforehand, looking at a watch or clock, so as to accustom yourself to reading at the exact rate indicated. The matter to be read is marked off by thick lines into sections, each of which is to occupy a minute, and also by thinner lines into smaller sections, each containing the number of words to be read in twelve seconds. As the candidates hear the passage read only once, the reader's articulation ought to be very clear, and the candidates ought to be so placed as to be able to hear well. Passage por Dictation, at the Eate op 80 Words a Minute. [The passage takes 10 minutes.] Then, you have the system of landlordism in Ireland. Ido not know whether you would [ wish me to make reference to what such historians as Froude and others have said in j that connection, and the terri sufferings inflicted on the unfortunate Irish, hut here is a description [by the Roman Catholic Bishop of Meath of the sufferings that were inflicted on these generous ] but unfortunate people. He describes a scene in connection with certain evictions : — 1 " The horrid scenes that \ I then witnessed I must remember all my life long. The wailing of women, the screams, j the terror, the consternation of children, the speechless agony of honest, industrious men, wrung tears of ■ grief from all who saw them. I saw the officers and men of a large police j force, who were obliged to attend on the occasion, cry like children at beholding the 2 cruel [ sufferings of the very people whom they would be obliged to butcher had they offered the \ least resistance. The heavy rains that usually attend the autumnal equinoxes descended in cold, copious torrents throughout the night, and at once revealed to those houseless sufferers the awful realities of their condition. I visited them next morning, and rode from place to place administering to them all | the comfort and consolation I could. The appearance of men, women, and children as they emerged i from the ruins of their former homes—saturated with rain, blackened and besmeared 3 with soot, shivering [in every member from cold and misery—presented the most appalling spectacle I ever looked at. j The landed proprietors in a circle all round —and for many miles in every direction —warned j their tenantry, with threats of direct vengeance, against the humanity of extending to any of them j the hospitality of a single night's shelter. Many of these poor people were unable 4 to emigrate i with their families, while at home the hand of every man was thus raised against them.