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Transfer of land, buildings, vessels, &o, 86. All lands, buildings, works, vessels, materials, and things necessarily appertaining to, or used in connection with, any department of the public service, the control of which is by this Constitution transferred to the Commonwealth, shall, from the establishment of the Commonwealth, be taken over by and vest in the Commonwealth, either absolutely or, in the case of the department controlling Customs and excise and bounties, for such time as may be necessary. The fair value thereof, or of the use thereof, as the case may be, shall be paid by the Commonwealth to the State from which they are taken over. Such value shall be ascertained by mutual agreement, or, if no agreement can be made, in the manner in which the value of land, or of an interest in land, taken by the Government of the State for the like public purposes is ascertained under the laws of the State at the establishment of the Commonwealth. Collection of existing duties of Customs and excise. 87. Until uniform duties of Customs have been imposed, the powers of the Parliaments of the several States existing at the establishment of the Commonwealth respecting the imposition of duties of Customs, the imposition of duties of excise, and the offering of bounties upon the production or export of goods, and the collection and payment thereof respectively, shall continue. Until uniform duties have been imposed, the laws of the several States in force at the establishment of the Commonwealth respecting duties of Customs, duties of excise, and bounties, and , the collection and payment thereof, shall remain in force, subject to such alterations of the amount of duties or bounties as the Parliaments of the several States may make from time to time; and the duties and bounties shall continue to be collected and paid as theretofore, but by the officers of the Commonwealth. Uniform duties of Customs. 88. Uniform duties of Customs shall be imposed within two years after the establishment of the Commonwealth. On establishment of uniform duties of Customs and exeisp, trade within the Commonwealth to be free. 89. So soon as uniform duties of Customs have been imposed, trade and intercourse throughout the Commonwealth, whether by means of internal carriage or ocean navigation, shall be absolutely free. Accounts to be kept. 90. Until uniform duties of Customs have been imposed, there shall be shown, in the books of the Treasury of the Commonwealth, in respect of each state, — (1.) The revenues collected from duties of Customs and excise, and from the performance of the services and the exercise of the powers transferred from the State to the Commonwealth by this Constitution : (2.) The expenditure of the Commonwealth in the collection of duties of Customs and excise, and in- the performance of the services and the exercise of the powers transferred from the State to the Commonwealth by this Constitution : (3.) The monthly balance (if any) in favour of the State. Balance to be paid to States after deduction. Prom the balance so found in favour of each State there shall be deducted its share of the expenditure of the Commonwealth in the exercise of the original powers given to it by this Constitution, and this share shall be in the numerical proportion of the people of the State to those of the Commonwealth as shown by the latest statistics of the Commonwealth. After such deduction the surplus shown to be due to the State shall be paid to the State month by month. Expenditure. 91. During the first three years after the establishment of the Commonwealth, notwithstanding anything contained in the last section, the total yearly expenditure of the Commonwealth in the exercise of the original powers given to it by this Constitution shall not exceed the sum of three hundred thousand pounds; and the total yearly expenditure of the Commonwealth in the performance of the services and the exercise of the powers transferred from the States to the Commonwealth by this Constitution shall not exceed the sum of one million two hundred and fifty thousand pounds. Payment to eaoh State for five years after uniform tariffs. 92. During the first five years after uniform duties of Customs have been imposed the aggregate amount to be paid to the whole of the States for any year shall not be less than the aggregate amount returned to them during the year last before the imposition of such duties. (1.) Subject to the last paragraph, for a period of five years after the imposition of uniform duties of Customs, the total amount of duties of Customs and excise collected in each year in any State, or estimated as hereinafter provided, as the case may require, shall be repaid to such State of the Commonwealth, after deducting from the amount, in proportion to the population, the share of the State in the total expenditure of the Commonwealth not provided for by other means of revenue. The repayment shall be made month by month to the several States, in, as nearly as practicable, the proper proportions. (2.) For the purpose of ascertaining the proportion of revenue from Customs and excise collected in each State, there shall, for the first year after the imposition of uniform duties of Customs, be shown in the books of the Treasury of the Commonwealth the total amount collected in each State for duties of Custom and excise. (3.) During such first year the duty chargeable under the uniform tariff upon goods which are imported into any State (whether duty has or has not been actually paid