D.—sb.

3

tout ce qui concerne ce pays. Dans les classes instruitea meme, on entend encore parler de la Nouvelle-Zelande comme peuplee de cannibales, et d'un pays d'ou Ton ne revient jamais. Mr. F. de Hochstetter, Professeur de l'lnstitut de Vienne, qui, en 1858, fit partie de l'expedition de la fregate autrichienne,Jla "Novara," et qui sejourna alors 9 mois dans les iles neu-zelandaises, publia en 1861 le resultat de ses travaux sur ces iles dans un magnifique volume edit a Stuttgart, mais cette edition de luxe et plutot scientifique, n'etait pas destinee a etre lue par le public. Des lors, a notre connaissance, il n'a rieu paru en Allemagne sur la Nouvelle-Zelande, tandis que d'autres contrees interessees a Immigration, comme le Canada, ont par une publicite opportune reussi a attirer sur leur sol recemment une partie de l'emigration allemande. Le gouvernement allemand, d'autrepart, ne voyant pas aujourd'hui de bon ceil une' emigration qui menagait pour certains territoires de degenerer en depeuplement, est loin de la favoriser. Mais l'Allemagne possede en fort excedant, un element dont elle peut se passer pour la defense ou les conquetes, tandis que oet element se trouve en minorite dans la Nouvelle-Zelande, a laquelle il serait d'un interet vital pour ses conquetes pacifiques. Nous voulons parler de la population feminine, dont, en Allemagne,la statistique montreun excedant d'environ 500,000. (Stat. 1870, avant la guerrefco.-allemde.) A cette emigration la le gouvernement ne mettrait certainement pas d'obstacle, puisque les legislateurs et philanthropes allemands se preoccupent des voies et moyens de procurer a la femme une occupation convenable, ce qui est difficile a resoudre dans l'emancipation. Apres les deceptions que l'emigrant allemand a eues ces dernieres annees, il convient de l'eclairer sur le champ assure que lui offre la Nouvelle-Zelande, par la publication de brochures concises avec cartes. Celle que MM. Shaw, Savill, & Co. publient en Angleterre pourra it servir de type. L'incertitude de l'avenir dans une contree lointaine etant en outre le principal obstacle a une bonne emigration, il convient de rassurer prcablement le public emigrant, par l'entremise de l'agent officiel du gouvernement, qui a son tour se mettrait en rapport avec les pasteurs de districts. Ceuxci ont frequemment occasion de donner des conseils a les paroissiens dans la gene par suite d'un surcroit de famille qui ferait leur richesse dans l'autre hemisphere. Us s'acquitteraient de ces fonctions a titre offieieux et philanthropique, et par leur canal un contingent d'emigrants travailleurs serait acquis chaque annee a la colonie la plus recommandable. Mai, 1874. A Pioneee foe New Zealand. [Teanslatiost.] Memorandum upon German Emigration during 1870 to the United States, Brazil, and Algeria. The great bulk of German emigration has always been directed to the United States of America. But the great financial and commercial crisis which has come about in that country during the last two years has resulted in placing a check upon that emigration ; disastrous news, which the German press takes care to circulate, has been confirmed by the disenchantment of those who have returned to their native country, as well as by the letters of those less fortunate, who, having exhausted their resources, are not able to follow them. An attempt at German colonization made last year in Brazil by an attache to the Court of Don Pedro, from whom he had obtained important concessions, was still less fortunate: a frightful mortality very soon decimated the 1,500 Germans who had responded to the seductive offers, and a small number have just returned to Germany perfectly destitute. We know further that the same thing happened in the case of English emigrants, who were more fortunate however in being able to be sent home again through the care of the English Consul at Rio. The emigration from Alsace-Lorraine in 1872 was directed partly to Algeria. This colony, governed by a military administration and disturbed periodically by the Arabs, did not offer either a soil or climate suitable for a German colony. The 4,000 or 5,000 Alsaee-Lorraines upon their arrival found nothing prepared, notwithstanding the announcements and proclamations —neither dwellings nor land ; so that a great number of them, giving way to discouragement, and acting upon the advice of interested agents, left for the shores of the Eio Parana, where instead of the fertile country they had been promised, they found nothing but pestilential marshes. The Consul-General for Spain at Algiers has lately transmitted to his Government a significant and circumstantial report upon the present precarious situation and the future of the Algerian colonists, particularly with regard to those of German origin. New Zealand, from a German Emigration point of view. It appears inconceivable that, in the midst of these continuous and important emigrations, the English colonies of the southern hemisphere have not attracted more attention from German colonists. New Zealand, in particular, combines all possible conditions of success: healthy climate, high wages, with the cost of living less than in Germany itself. The principal cause of this disregard is the ignorance which exists in Germany of everything relating to the country. Even amongst the educated classes, one only hears of New Zealand as being peopled by cannibals, and a country from which no one ever returns. Mr. I\ de Hochstetter, Professor of the Institute of Vienna, who in 1858 took part in the expedition of the Austrian frigate " Novara," and who passed some nine months in New Zealand, published in 18G1 the experiences of his travels upon the islands in a magnificent volume edited at Stuttgart; but this scientific and costly work was not of a character to be read by the public. Beyond this book nothing has appeared in Germany to our knowledge respecting New Zealand ; whilst other countries interested in emigration, like Canada, have by a timely publicity succeeded lately in drawing to their shores a part of the German emigration. The German Government, on the other hand, not at present favourably regarding an emigration which threatens depopulation to some districts, is very far from favouring it. But Germany possesses a very large element of which she cannot avail herself for defence or conquest; whilst that element is in the minority in New Zealand, to which country it would be of vital importance for its pacific conquests.