AUSTRALIA AND CANADA.

Wanganui Herald, Volume XXXXI, Issue 12188, 8 June 1907, Page 4

AUSTRALIA AND CANADA.

It lias recently been pointed out in Australia that, while &trcr« is laid on the immigration to Canada irom Great Britain rmd elsewhere, no contra account has been taken of the emigration from the Dominion, more particularly to the United States. At the instance of the Federal Home Minister, the Statist (Mr Knibt«) h«s prepared a detailed report ou the subject. The value of the report is seriously discounted by the fact that its figures are based on Canadian btatistics for 1901, long before tho heavy rush of external population to the Dominion took place. Mr Kuibbs examines the relative positions ot Australia and .Canada for the 20 years be tween 1881 and 1901. Tho population ot Canada^in 1881 was 4,324,810, and of Australia 2,252,617. Iv 1891 the figures were 4,833,239 and 3,183,237; and in 1901, 5,371,313 and 3,773,249. The increase during the first 10 years was, in Canada 308,429, and iv Australia 930,620; in the second 10 years it was, in Canada »uti,o76. and 590,011 in Australia. The rate of increass for the first decennium was 11.76 per cent, and 41.31 per cent, respectively, and in the second 11.13 per cent, and 18.33 per cent. According to the Dominion census of 1891, the birth and death rates ot Canada per NHiO were 28.93 and 11.10, a natural increase of 14.83. For the censu<of 1901, the corresponding figures were: — Biith-rate. 28.80, death-rate 13 94; rate of natural increase, 14.86. Assuming a rate oi natural increase of 14. « per 1000 durinjr the iuter.^eiml p*riod, the exress of births over ieathe would be 757,688. A« the actual increase amounted only to 538,076, the depirtures from the Dominion between the censuses* of 18>)l and 1901 exceeded the arriv.ils by no lewer than 219,612 persons. The result i» emphasised by the figures furnished by the cene-u.*cs of both the Dominion and the United States. While tht? number of pers.«i& b< in in the United :>Htes who were, at the time of the Canadian census, permanently in the Dominion totalled only 127,819, the Canadian-born population permanently in the United States at the cen&us of 10U0 totalled no fewer than 1.183,225— an increase ot 202,287 since the census of 1890. The influx of immigrants to Canada during the decennium 1891-IWI was more than counterbalanced by an efflux of Canadians, principally native-born, to the United States. Up to the 1901 Canadian census the flow of United States population to Canada had been comparatively small. Eecently there has been a large influx. The Australian births for the years 1891-1900 totalled 1,042,374, and the deaths 453.270, approximately a natural increase for the intercensal period of 589,011, as compared with a total increase of 399,011, and indicating an excess ot arrivals over departures of 907. Mr Kuibbs is of opinion that, taking into account the business depression in several of the States resulting from the financial crisis of 1893. and the later droughts, Australia, in having retained during the decennium the whole of its excess of births over deaths, and receiving by excess of arrivals over departures an addition of 900 persons, cannot legitimately be charged with having lagged behind the Dominion in the race of material progress. The latest Canadian statistics indicate that for the year ended Jnno 30. 1905, the arrivals totalled 146,266. Aa there are no records ot dopartiues, no comparison can be made.