SCIENCE ASSOCIATION.

Timaru Herald, Volume XCIV, Issue 14341, 13 January 1911, Page 5

SCIENCE ASSOCIATION.

PAPERS BY NEW ZEALANDERS. Press Association—By Tol.-Coiiyright. SYDNEY, Jan- I 2' At the Science Congress, Professor Denham (Dunedin), contributed an .n----teresting paper on the zoological expedition to the sub-Antarctic Islands of New Zealand in 1907. Ho dealt chiefly with the Auckland and Campboll Islands and pointed' to the strong resemblance of tlioir fauna and flora to tliose of New Zealand. Ho «£- plained this by the supposition that the islands were once connected with. New Zealand. Professor Farr, of Christchurch, read a paper on " Fish and Artesian water." Received B.G p.m., Jan. 12th. STATE NOTES CONDEMNED. Mr Matthew Mactie, of Melbourne, read a paper on the Federal note issue. He declared that the Commonwealth. Government bad departed from sound economic principles, and threatr ened the commercial and financial stability of the country. He predicted that the wheels of industry would Kicome seriously clogged, bringing >- retrievable disaster alike to rich and poor. : ■ • TUBERCULOSIS :N MILK. Professor Stewart, of Sydney, dealt wili'the repression of tuberculosis in dairy herds. He said that'a momentary exposure of milk to a temperature of 160 Fahrenheit -was not pasteurisation, but merely a commercial practice to make the milk keep sound for a longer time. -Exposure to 180 degrees for 15 minutes was necessary to destroy the tubercle bacilli. Untreated, separated, •mixed milk,- received r from' public creameries is one of the most prolific sources of dissemination of tuberculosis, and it was very unwise to feed pigs or calves with such milk, as it might thereby widely spread the disease. He "urged the necessity for proper pasteurisation of separated milk. Dealing .with the methods of keeping herds from contamination he declared that veterinarians were inclined to re-gard-infected pasteurage as an import, and source of dissemination. He advocated occasional cultivation of grazing lands for sanitary reasons. THE-CdST OF LIVING. Mr A. Duckworth, read a paper -n the increased cost of living. Increased prices were partly if ivot mainly attributable to the increased production of gold. In Australia, certain other special features were that the wages fund at the disposal of the working classes had been largely augmented by the adoption of the wages board' nystem, and the levelling np of industrial conditions, tariff adjustmente, and a great gold export. Other factors were that taxation has reduced tbo purchasing power of the individual, and greater State expenditure did not recoup him. Should increased production of gold continue at the present rate, he estij mated that the annual production by 1920' would be two hundred millions. If go prices must go up, as the exchange value of money is limited. He declared that an era of political and economic changes - appeared imminent, the probable effect of which, could not' be forecasted. NEXT MEETINGS. The Grand Council of. the Science Congress chose Professor David as President for. the next meeting, which will be held in Melbourne in January 1913. Hobart was selected. for the 1915 meeting, an invitation from Wellington being withdrawn, as Tasmania had a prior claim. Wellington will endeavour to secure the 1917 : meeting. WORK FOR THE TERRA NOVA. On the motion of Mr Hedley the Council decided that on investigation of the continental shelf round New Zealand and the Islands south of New Zealand is a work of pressing neces!sity both for scientific rnd economical reasons, and urging on the New Zealand Government the desirability, of taking advantage for the facilities afforded by the stay of the Antarctic exploring, ship Terra Nova to complete the survey of the surrounding seas by soundings and dredgings as far as posi sible, '