TRIAL OF CAPTAIN JARVEY FOR POISONING HIS WIFE.

Otago Daily Times, Issue 1014, 20 March 1865, Page 4

TRIAL OF CAPTAIN JARVEY FOR POISONING HIS WIFE.

SUPREME COURT- CRIMINAL SITTING

Tbxdat,Mahcix :l7vn: ...,'■.■■<;:' ■ . (Before bit Honor, lir Jn»(fc* Ofaapmati,} : The iloUowtßg la Uie completion if the tviderce given on thEs day :-—: ■ ;■'•• .■■•. ■"' ■'•'',•• ■■"■'., : John Wrci!attt, examine'! by Mr Frender«u» v: I ant it tifclnr of mtdlolne an'\ mrfcean, and J Am Haalytleal Ch-rsiat to tlae Government of Victoria, whiah office I have b*H forrix or rcven years- lam Lecturer on Chroirtry and Practical Cfcemfalry »i the 'Melbourne Cfniverrity. I beard Constable Maltmwy'a evidence. On the 23rd -January, I rereUed frotn him two tin jar*, the ooveiu vre'e soWercl down, nnd tliere was gome red tape fbused over the caver, and incrporftte** with a scat. ! p'odtaee the tspo and ifi-ai* The «eaf han<!ed Jo too ifl tlie one used on this tins. **n openinc the tin?, I foand two wlblte jelly |*r»,-cowed with bladder fkio and ewiied on white t"»|>p. I ba*e «en that »(»1 on the tubie. Mnlon^y, at my suggestion. opened! the title and jure- in my presence, 'he jcr* were -labelled - one, "Stomach, with rontsnts, removed frota the body of Mr* Jarvey, December 31rt, 1861. Test for ufryehinc and lyrdr, MooJor," (which isewii fOtrosive sublimate. The other was Jabclte^, '" Part ion of the liver, ren-oved at the name tiw." In otiß jir. I found a iniman ttotmscii tied at each J •-ml with white string ; iv the other, a portion of Hi-er^—but whether buaian or hot I cannot say. j The lifer prceenttd no peculiar appeanuicej and the stomach showed a^i^oMy only very alight cbatißi: fion decomposition. The constable also itehVued to me thtea written coraraonicatfons Tlic *totnnch contained a^ut 4?B of a ibirUfsh fluid of a brown 'otor, which was »lghtly arid to test-paper* It a'so contained portioim of cooked pouto and fiiar dough. Tbe utrjinafh had oot »«n opened- A preliminary1 invest ia*tion wilh a small qunttity—aboat 3 z — of t>>e fluid was made, for the purpose of determining ' the presence of metallic pokoiwj ai especial quantity, abuut £-2, was u*ed for the special examination for ftrrenic A larger portion of the fluid - rery nearly the half of the remainder, or nearly-!|ojs— waa Hpe.-ially «e»t*d far atryehnine; it was mixed with half of the stomnch. and half ol'th* piece of liveir, id a chopped condition. »Vo metallic poison of any kind was found. Thfl process insliiutel with the larger portion ws» tint of Bt.ts, on authority mentioned .in the Jnst addition of Taylor's " Medical Jurisprudence" (1801). The spentsi employed to separate the strychnine wete rectified spirit or pure rlcVrnJ, Bi;d tartarie acid, 1 lie no-d solution was then constantly t e* : 'd in a wate-bath tempered to 3.2*, ard a alight excess of nofass nddc'.?, or mo:c than sufficient to iicutr.»Ueo the tattoris acid. The fluid wa& then shaken in a long, siopjwred inbe, with cqnal volume*, of clhcr and chloroform The etbeie&l ftolutiun* were th n c^onitel carefully ii a wattr-bntii, and the re'Uuuoa tested. I shall Btatc the t««ta applied. Thin rcsi'lnum, like the cojiieiita of tha stomacb, had, from my own cxi ptri-oo*, nbitter toise -that n'most pecalinr to j Btryobnino. A Binatl portion oi tbere»r!uom wis liented upon pluticunii fM— :>. rernark-iibly t'jln of [latinuto : the result was traces of blackening, '>r e>rboni«ation A portion of the roHiluum wag dissolved,in alcohol; and this alcoholic solution ws« aUosmi ajontaneoasly to evaptirat<; upon a'mieiu;cop!c slide. The slide wjs placed nacter a most powerful microscope, and examined by polarised iight. The appenrances were thoai of strjclinl^e. Anther portion of the rsaiduum was treatsd with a few drops of t-olpliuric acid, aid then a drop of a solution of bichromate of potass. A brilliant purp'hh bias or vlo'et color was Iromodiattly developed. It ib a color tl at befirins as a riiirpitsh blue, paisfe to violet, a&d ultimately to a rote tint.

A (licucsion toak place as to whether the witness cou'.d relbr to si me memoraniJa. be .bad with lam. )t waa of »• importance ; His Honor ruling that tho memoranda could be uraf. Hy the Judge: ''he firat test in tho UUterne»a ; the feeond, eombustihUity or oaTbonieatlon; t^e third,, notion by po!airls«d Huht; the fourth, the *ulp6uric acid and bichromate of potaa*. Kxaniination continued : Another portion uf the residuum wan acted upon by suiphurie acid,, an b fore, and then black vxydn of unnganese added. Thß fame colon s, when tha material! were .drawn i/tto Rtroaks by a klbss rod, were observable. fSulpburiic acid was applied In ihe name manner t'<aao:her,portion of the residuum; two dropdofnitricacid lidded j 'find asmall portion ot tha binoxyle, or red oxy»!o, of lead. The came resnlta oa before were olttainrd. a« regards cohr. I trfiofe'l n portion of thi rewdnnm purely wi'h : r.itric ncid, and the licnult was th t a reddish or y'llowisli-reddieb uluttop was produced. A^notlier portion of tbo rrHilunm was treated with a drop or two ot sulphuife arfj to begin with, ard 't3n>n a drop of !!)■* ferrile cyanile of potMs!um. The bine, purple, and rose tfnt« were attain developed. 1 lisve naoie'l, now eight fstfl: they chowed, concln-ively, the presence of ttryehnine. Tliow tei*ta eshsuitel' the reeidnum »o "which I bay« been referrirg Hnvinj; (onnd the presenc? of wtrychnine in «o: decided a tusnner, I subjected nearly the whole of the r>mainder of the hloraic.h nnfi jt^ content" and the Mver—refer ving only a very *ra^lt portion fora special teal for opiarn, of which I found none—to an tntiirly new and very severe prose't, known a« th-; modification of Eoilgera sni Oirdwood's proM«*.- '• '■ By tbo Jfmlae: Rfxilgfra and Qlrdwooi are celebrated c!>pmif,f«, nn-l ifae tfst U quotad iv; fie Work of Beiz»lius (183 i). Rjramiiiation continued: Th* flnJd »nd half of fhe tif sue J were trente! with tartans act! for 16 minutes; th?u ditrfi-Ud with warm alcohol, for half an hour: the vapor* of tlie alcohol not b'inar alioweil to escape The refmtiaii extract wa* itiien preciiiitafed by Be^tate of lead, filtrtel, and i euiTPnt if sulphurated h*rfrogen gas p»ased tbrouph th« solu'ion. ; The »o!ution was again fihered j e?ap6ratetl todryness. in a. wnter-bath; thpn re <3issr>lv d in urater rendered alkuHna with ammonia; then tshaksn with equal volumes of ether ami chiorofaiin; and the mixture allowed to !S(;«»H for twetr« Ijoaru. 'Jhe ethereal solution not than evaf orated Io dtjncfß, «nd acted npon with sulphuric add, at 212°, Fahr for I^rilwe hours. The organic .matter being ihen not tliononghly destroyccl, the sulphnrio oeil treataaent. was rejieat^d; the to'ution a^ain rend* red riknline, with ammonia, evaporated, an-i tested Taif. process Was to grt a residuum ; and portion:'- of thit resHuam were tubmltted to tin eliiht tcß'« before raeniloned. The resulta of ihcua were entirely covroborstivenf those obtained by the standard pro:qss of Sta*. la my j augment, there wn ftrychcitie in the content* of the ttomitch. Ido not euterfnm the slightest doubt ujon that point. 1! have never seeds human keinp rfie from the cffecU of strychnino; bat I have hud occiaion to examine the bodies of persons who have died from ftryehnine. I havß cxporlmented on 'the contents ni the itomauJin of such persone, by the proceu of wliiah i< the one u»ually adopted, but not by the new, and modified proce*» I Itare described. In thoiic ca<w, I deU'rminei t*ie preiience of stryebn! no by that procfiw, an"! with the tame result* as in thio case. I hava experimented with fctrychnine upoa c%t» andr dogs', and npon a goat. I d»:strdyesl' the liyes; of those animals-with - strychnine, for the purposes of praetioal inßtruction in cltctiiiistry, in tke Uui-d vcnilty of Melbouroe. I beve also ewierimentea. upon a number of dojps in DnQediti. .1 beard the ■; erUence of Miss Jsrrey ns to the' nymptoiios shown by her mother before" death; I remember a ca«e at borne of al'&'iy whoi got an over-dose of strychnine for apical complaint. Tho twitching* appeared in that owe, bat friction was applied aloinjr tho spine, and the lady recovered., In my jaitpment as a chemist. I beliovo that tho tests I applied, combined as they were, were strictly: reiißble. There"i» no other Hinown substance but; strjehnioe that would give tbo name retails, when Eubmifed tothe««nie tests, ai a whole. Btiyehnirio destroys life by tetaum—the tetanus known as : being peculiar ,to strychnine pouoninjr. I nave, after poisoning ;»nlraal» with, sEryelij aim, iaiade tapfiiiment»?for the; p»i»on»■ ■* have found it in portiooß of the ussnes, but th» doits were inadii exccptioaally laiga, £»r olats

instruction parpen.,,...--tlwrip aM ft diff rence between tb<« ordinary iljjTOy,'oti conwe ami tba» psultinjf from"istjyc(ji»fne. Yott ,h»»fc. in ti« latter case, tbir elencb/d hands an«t the arobeil fe«t, l!n f«et beloir carved, with the toea ft* If bending downwards toward* tho ha*U ibe duration of the rljti<ii«y Ixyrtnd the ordinary natural perio;), I» "iiotner peculiarity; but i can not *ay how iontt tbia would last, bs I wasAwer prefret at the exhtinnttoa «>f » body, I bare, however,'B«n< disc. itt widen tna rigidi'y contirucd on the fourth ih/'"sf*»'r death from the poison, ami that in hot weather. 'In ordinary cases, th*rigidity Veo'rai'* complete in frotu eittbtr to fen or twelve hour*, and disappear* in fiow 80 to 36 boom. , Thl«, -of etwee, depends rourh u»on tbe temperature at the time, and iba di>iea<e of wMch the p"i»o»> dieJ. ■In the t&tt I jjiaTo«xdrained, where 1 hire fiaal »t* jvhninii.f n the stomach. I have fuunti It fa other parts of tl"e body.,_li}» unffcriitwl, tbiJt the poi^a pawe ir.to she biocxl, bjr nbroretion; it ibeu produces tfrtanic upßima, There is diffientiy of breatlnnfr at first, and ultimately, apparently; tmpliyxia. I can *ay from expenc-iico >ht rtryciinfno ha» ar< exceedingly bitter ta»t3. I hare heard tbe symptom* described by Mi-« Jarfey, and I know <h»r I found strychnine in lit; s'oinsch eaiil t'J be th it of the deceived Mr* J«rwy ' ' ■ A question put by Mr Prenderfsst led to a »bof t di'pnmon Tho Jadtee : IMJrv Mawfanrhnd been examined on the first d»y, ibis trial might have been *bortened by two daj». We have Ie n listening for two d ar to evidence bavins relation to what rauht bare been -evidence like a prr-at deal ff. what »ss siv>-n ia Palmer's cmp, where no «trjohnlr-«!wh\to»''r wa* found. To the Witness: Yon heard the evldencs o* Miss Jarvey; are rhe symptoms «bo described, ennsiitent or ioPonsHteitt with denth by stry cboipet—They arc con*isifnt with It Cross examined by Mr Smith.: How lonjy have you lieen (iovernmtat Analyslit Jn Victoria? — S?ix or'neveti year«. What were jou before that time 1- 1 wm lecturer on chemktry at the Scotch Ctolli-ge, >n Melbourne, an office I hare held for tfa'e l*»t eleven years t have been, connested with the Melbourne Onivemity for three years. W"«re you In thn In bit of «naiyi>inir, when at the Scotch (jollfgei— Yea; I haw been co from the moment of my arriving in that Colony.' I I understand you, thi»t Ihe object of the two j processes you baive defcrifood, was to render >oa j certain that the net result wliidi ;ou tthimate t obtained wits notbica: elf>c but pare strychnine t —Yo; that those two processes were corroborative of each other of the cxbteuce of utryehnine. Take Stag's prnce-p. Wai Ihfi oVjwst of it tobe certain that the ultimate reuult of «he aDaly«is was notliing else but s'rychuine?— Yea. So that if, when yoti bad floWied. any dopbt remained on yfur tuind of pur having anUhinu but strychnine in what yen obtained, you wouM not think the nnalysin reliable 1 —I do riot auderstand what you mt-an. Your first test, you said, was that of tastblYen.: ,-■-.- ■.'■-..-. The second was that of eotnbustl-m?—Carbo-ni^stlon. Hurniot? the reji'Juum on platinasn foil f ~Ycs. The third was that of examining; tb« crystals Uiidera microscope?—By polarise! JiKbt. And alt the other tests were «)lor test* 11-All; hut one of them was not applicable to tltoirougbJy pure strychnine, but to braria, whirli In gentrally found in combination with strychnine. If the analyst, when Lin process is finisci«i, has j reason to douhf.th'it he iias )jotpaie»tiycbnine, would he be ju6iifi:<l in rclyi> g upon anj1 of thf tefitsof wbicti ynu have spoken 1-The • procea» itself gi res the strychnine. The Judge: I don't quite follow you, Mr Smith. Mr Smith : Suppose, Dr Macadam, that 1 enter your Jnboratory cc a student. You f'lve me a few f;rains of Ftnchnine, naixel witn 9O''.e nnimal matter, and tell me to teat for it. J!f, »ft<*r I bad done nhttt I could. I said to you, "lam not sue that f have done rfghtly." would you depend upon the rcsujt %$ wlii -h I httd drriveit 1 —If you had performed t!ie process rigity, I could depend upon it, : . The Judge: Btill, I don't quite understand what you mean Supposing 'bat by nny one of the eight tcsfn he liarJ brought cut a result, very difl'erer.t irom what lie had ben led to exn>ct* from his knowledge of the'nature of Btryuhnine, that wou'd Imve drutroyed h^ conftleace. U that what you lutan ,}''' : '-.". : Mr MmithvNffJLlJ'or Honor. (To tlie witness.) I should likeWfeflbw under what impression you strtrted fn thlbinqairy ?-l started with (tie belief thnt rhero wnß ft-'prijbability, or possibility, thal i-trychnlne misht b« found. That was palmed to inthe dncurumt that reocbedme. . The Judj?e: DKyan try for or expsct anything else ? —1 alwny proceed to a general examination ; bao I cannot ijtget what I have received in writingMr!Bmltt>: Prom whom?—l'rom the Coroner.: ~,-.......■ -■ Giving, I suppdie, his own imprcsßionß as. to Wb&t wai tie cause of flev.h % - No, i ideed. The fetters are all here, and nan bo read. Tie Judge: In plaia Enuluih, a hi»t was Riven you to Jook sharp, for Bt'yhn>ne ? Yes, *od for eorroive mbJiraate, a* I have statad. But such is the coune adopted by fcvtry Ooroaer in casei of (bis kind. . Mr Smith : Wevar mind that. You started under the influ-nee of a strong hint fro a some body, that if you looUed flharp"you wooiid find »tryehnfneT TheJudgs: Thnt doea not follow. Tha Witness: The liiittgtyen t> toe as to the probnble r.Ksanco w strychnine would certainly notput it into tlieetginach No, bat you vtktaA wt«h the imprwalon that finding it would b'eTCRe result 1 -I started with a fall deteimtnatioato do tbe fullut jujt'ee to the proeeW T emp'oveil l / • , The JuiJge; Yon looked for »trychijia Bpec*nl'y 1 — Yee, priocipallj.'^' ...' " And yoa' looked" for ether thing* as well J— Yea. ■■ ■' ■"" '. ■' ■■■ Mr !-'mHh: DH you not, lwf>re you npp'ied any teat to the ean'teata of the ewraieh, fii'rly txpeot to. Hod• etrjrelihia ihere? -No. ■ L .'. Not "from your ia»trttction»? - Wo; f->r I have often beea Jed eiiliay by 1 ttew from coroaera io <uch c'rei.' '• .*' ~'■■■:"' ■ "'■ " .'■ "'■ '.\ 7' If, after you naye arrive! «t the end of your proresßi oo looking ba'-k over it. yon have any reason to doubT, tint you have eliminated all other matters would Hbe a »afe aud prudent thlnT to rely upoii titta? tests? -Tiking ih*a» in ■ combination, It woald. Bran thsugh you* had animaJ matter remaining J -The animal matter, by the proceustt* I have employed, is entirely ..destroyed. . •■'_ ' Wfll. prwuinptuous «3 it nwy sound, I nope, before I hare done, to eandnee e»eo y»a th«t jmt here not shut all aamcis of error from your analysis Havoyoa raentionei to the'Conrrali the niateriata you [mid iv applying theeeteifh I ~ I hive. ■'.': ;':.",■.;.-'.;'.' ■ ; -. ■■ ' "■'.. ••' ■' ■■ . ; All?-Except watejfi; ■ ■ ■■■ . Wbat were the alkalies you u«ert In tbo Bw testi -Potww, and, I4|ook # a slight admixture of rarUonate of aod». "> .: , . Show me lliirt,'«B to; the carbonate of. wa,-on the notes you hay« thertv I will ywir..clerk'* writing, or a- ybody eW« t .i£..vou will »bow it to me there?-This ia my own hand-writing. It dimply mentions'PoißW.'.iY. ; . ■ '^''■■. .■;:•■':." '-r.?■■■■■■■' I thought yon *aid last now, »hat tawo notes miitlifc he nbsntutely relied npon as a ©irjisct «t»wmeat of all that took pJace on tbeocenstoo of Ihe analy»i»l -Yes; I- did:: I»m hot prepared to; *»/ that we did übb any oarbaoate of «wa, btit it w Tery gfnerally tbecase todo;«o. : We have now arrive-i at ibe rery rttai of ■».» case,' Br iMacsdam, md I do be?-^sJ bewW' l you to belearefal?larfwhat;you? «»y 1 -The potaw ia in my own handwriting ia these notes* \ -' : Amonglit tLa aubntancas named there a« n«ed in Uae teßtt" do you ilnd snythiat? etc tacnUonod but what you hmre mentioned In jour evidence 7 —No, I think not/exoepUag water. . . , did you use Utat for?~fn tho original difreition*. , ' .„.."■■ TooSo notes,'yoa *»y,' were very carcfnlly t«ken down-ai they nhonld be, in a case of thi» ktodmay I tM*om«, from the circumttance of nothing «!«el«inirn«n«loc«liutbem, that nolainß cUe wb ttcadby joa'—Yoa ffl*y. I »■»? »»*« f»*

if anything else bad been used, It would have apj>f«red bfrr. '-»■■; :•••■*••• •- ■ "••.'■-•' • ■■■-:-'- I tell you candfdty, thet the p»wilbiHty of my convincing you of error in tbie matter depend* on tfaia-th«t your whole •trueture rfoeii to the bt und if you admit tliii- and I again ask have yon aoj doubt tbut jou uwd co other jratatanres than louhi" raeotionidJ—No other sutwtances Who was the a«*i«tant you uiirf with you T -Mr John Orummond KiikUnd/ He fa's been five jc«.fshcala«iiatantin the Gaverbinent Laboratory of Victoria, «nd he i« now, in my absence, left in :ch*rgs of It by the G vemment. '•' " wist part did be take intlita matter?—He work* by .my «de in tho Laboratory. Never mind wb -X h« does is general: what did be do in tM* instauce. »et ua beam with the j ira t The tin eina were opened by tb^ eonstuble. ' opstipd the ftre attcl'took out their contents The stomach 1 placed on a msub!e sla*>, sswo ii'aill v do in such cas*s. The Judge: We doa't care what" wtf * usually do: *»v wbat you di •. ' ; Mr Smith: Yon placed the stomnnh on a timb 1 —Yep, thflf wanKo see if any alteration hod taken, pl»0* inita tlwucs. ■ What next I—lt was then p'a-jod in a vciael w'.ta«*a»i«y. And next?—lt wa« placed ia a porcelain milk' di«h. or a versot like it. Of what *'sit-About 14in diameter at the top. and llin or 12in nt the bottom. ' Wh&c next?—Tho n>zt thing was to open tbo tcmarb. Tbe Judge : Don't'Wl at what the next thi-R to b« dnoe was: wbitdid yon dot -I opened the BtO">lC*i Mr Smith: I wint to follow^ step:by step, thtoug't ii/o whole t>f this proses". Suppose that. ; wfic-tnniJiiiß byyourtidetn the laboratory, »n>i ankintr you. a« you ptoceeded." Why <fo y»u do> thi«l" and ''What ie the object of thatt"—l i xamined the contents of the st mach. We cut; it open At tha upper par: aud looke i at the con tents, . ■ ; • Amnngxt wb'clt you have told us were potato and dbuv'h 1 -Yea, - ; As a medical man whit would be your opinion t>< the "'ate of health of a person who you discovered, on opening tbe f-torciaoti, had such at; a polite as to crave for dough 1 -I rea'iy can col; gay. ■ . You svy that you found flour in the matter. Iti tbestate of dousli ? -fiat, as the body had ibaen "interred threa or four nioatlm, I do not say it'wail taktn as i(our!i A piece of bread might undergo name ciietoi-fti change during that lime. 1 canUl not tell. fo<* inftancf, whether what I saw wai taken a* bread or biscuit. ! I find l miHun.lcrstood yon on that point. Just enumerate all the other vcaje'fl, of .v;iy Mod, that were us2il in tbe proce s ? -Take the process step by Rtf p, and 1 will tell you the vessels used in ench > ou c^n name tin! vessels uacd 1— There wai the pore lain (slab, tlioo the milk ditb, and the cnduntcii ulas<i vci»el in which tbe caiU'nts of the Ktomach were mta?urrd. : Wire jou present durias? the wliote tlrae.that both processes were bfincr carried on ?—No.ioot durinu the port'on of the time when the digeatEoa of t>ie nubUnnccs was goiofrcn. Ihat takes a uamber of hours. ' , ti.t \nu ever lea^e your assistant to carry on a proresa duri p your aoience 1 I did, always. The Judge: That is, when the substance was En course of (H^Rstion, he wai left with it. or it w.\» left atoru'l-Somalimes. It wa-t iet't locked up fn the Libiratory, or proceeding in tha waterbaUi the pkre b«in>; under look and key. Which paset—The Laboratory." And your nss'sta^t had acc3«s to it ia your absence? -Yet. The water batb of which you speak, is not ■what the name implies, Is it 1 is it not mire like an oven ? —it is a tin box, so made as to have boi>iriz water going round it cont>cantlv, on all si'l<?e but where the door' is. and the shelves in which are kept at 2154°an'J no more. Toe o jctie, I suppose, to keep tha liquid lit n uniform temperature of 212 s? -Yei, and thiit we may be sure not. to destroy any of the orgioiic matter, as we mhli&do if evaporation was otherwise produce', as by a spirit Is mo. f>r Instance What other vessel* tba.n thoie you have nstnied came in contact with the content* of the stomach? Natre ih -m all, whather of pwesJoin or glws 1 — There was a porcelain evaporating banin, in wbieh the evapwitiou proceeded; a om* ro(, with which to utir the materiil; fine rautj'afor the rough flitratbn. and a funnel; bbtting or | filtering p»pe-j and aoothar ftinnel; a glam be >ker, to receive the G'trato in bath cases. Njw hivi you enumeratei a'l ihe vessels ona- | ployed 1-N o, not a fifth of them: not a twentieth, indeed. Thank you, then, I'll not trouble you to nuroe «»y more. A gool nun) of tbe vessels appear (to be of gl<iz»d powehtn. I think'—They are ma<U of what is called Berlin porcelain. The Jmlee: It is white, I suppose 1 - Yoj. Mr Smith: It is while glazed porcelain?-— Ye» ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■ Tli3 lulge: Commonly cillel <hina?— Yes. Mr Smith: *r ( : those tbiogs la ordinary use !n the laboratory 1 -Tluy are very frequently in uw : bot in a ca*e of tuts kind •——-• Never mind "ae»e of this kfad." Just spenk particularly as to this case 1 —I believe th&t some of the vessels used ha 1 been u sel before; hut some, I am sure, had not. such e.% the porcelain eip-ule-i. ■'■•■' , ', Did you inquire whether any of the Yfgsels hiid bron üßtd in nmilar jtrocesses, or similar invegti-Ku-ior.a, before?—f am only speak from memory. Hnt-ve**els ore used over and over again. We ciniiot have a m w La bora1 or j for every andlysis. Afrerone inveslig&tion, you have to depend upon your eapftbilify of washinß a ve«»el clean, before proceeding with a econd iiiveatigation. I cannot help what tnav be your nrrangsmenlis, in Viooria, or tloie <>f the Government. Yon s%y that several of the vessels bad been used b fore?-Ye, and particularly tho porcelain lii what was the tu'phnric acid you used kept ? In an'o ■dinary flint gia-B bottle ? - Yei. Ar<3 you famifkr with Taylor's work on Poi-ont< \ Yec. Did you ever raid h!s chapter on Minute Cweinicai Analyas, in which he speaks of the danger of premat.re opiniooß?— I dare say I He says, "In the emaloyment of chDink'al i»taiit ia specially necewary to determine tli»t they are pare, before tbe analyst* is c-itncnenced t <- There is not a re-agent in the Government Laboratory which has not been thoroughly tettlid, inoraartoinikeitwliabte. ■_■ ■■■ _: The Judge: Tested as to its individual pimtjr I Y#i ■ ..... ......,-....., .:,... Mr .-■miia:! Who did that t—l did. : I every insiaaM: ?' In* every iaaUncs. These cues are uufirtitrmtely too frequent to enalle anyone to do anything csoiscisnlioaaly ia the.ni, uutefntbat matter i« otwoded to. r'■ j: / The Jud.e: &m I to understand that thine ra-sgenu nre cheinical'y pure ?. -Ohemically pure, your Honor. Mr Smith : Are you awireoF what impurities may be contained in the tSiflVsren^ t«st' l-l am. la mlpburic acM, what impurities are found 3 —If in may have snlphuret of lead ; ar»nic ( jf it U prepared from pyritea; and you nwy have traces of nitrib aci'f. Wh re are tjts chemioils jou employ m Ifche Laboratory obtained from I—They nre soißetitiws obtained from Mr Jfohuson, o^ St Hilda. ; Hej U \an analytic chtm'tar, and also » elietni t imd drackUt; and he' obtiina them obemioally piara from home, specfaHysfi>runalyscfc .'■■; ■■:;',;.-' '.. Do you submit tbeiato,further iesf s, oiler ycra; gst th«MV'<-Alwß*su'*J: ifi iV:;'-" .■'■;.';. '■■'.':':';-.:. i!^'': ? Who okaned too glased poreslaSn wan© I—My . ostiatant esuolly does.'■ ;' ' '•: <■■■ ■■' ■ ■ l|)': ■ (::''■ -:*:9 ■,' ji D&you Hfani over him, nnd tee them cleaned I -r-l see him waskiug them op,aad patting tliem v iarto,t!ietrdrawe«.: i ri.!■.;,- .. ]/-U'r;<[.:::^. ■';i'.Lv'S;I J I • U;..:Ontbi< oeeasiotiidia yba notice him 1—I; <K|uld not say that.l saw him clean, the particular diiibes -I saw him take out,1.-' :t.\.;-}: ■::' : ■.>/■ ''. t "^i :',- Am. I; to underettnd thar, tof the piirpoie of 'thi«'proc^,.i::yOT'':took':-oat-:!of!-;8.;.rd»weir,''dl3h8S' which your sfislstant h»d prevlowsly cleaned and -putaway''?— 7es* '.■■■i ■■' You took it ftHfijtranteA: tbit tbey.--iirere ■■=■» cleanostheyougbttobe?—Yrs, butinthuieAse I ilneed them w.^tb distiUrd water, and need distilled ; t3m'f}ip^tim^'V'' "^> '•■;;■ " * '• Thoj« prooss»« we t«T^ delicate, if they «rt to

b> depended nuon. are they do' f If a msn id to como iuto Court and fifrseviir»BPa hmied npm" ih-m. th« 7 ouitht to be eonduoied »o at to shut pat all poeuble sources of cror, I suppose V— Yes. • '. ,;■ ■;.':■",•■ '■ ■ !. Ie it gnffici«ot preparation, as recr*rds tlfte Bl8S"«J ware, only tow»thit T liha wiibdistUM wa*r I—lt riepenrfa on the material you have tx*n U'ing in tl'em You mity someiimea ioqiire tbe lisa of dilute ocidd locltan o tbeni ; but as a gf-neml rule, theiek nothing in ib<iin but animal inittel'*, that tnny not be eia«i,ly wa«bcl cifi wiih cold or hot wnier. The Judge: **upoo*iaK that one of the ve=wil« ha* oil upon it? -Tbera would thro be a washipg with enmii<Bsb'<d'nnil other things. ' Mr^fnilb; What ha" berny'iinmoie of dealing with those Blitic.l wire ve«»e'sT—BTCryeTenlag, when we I<*av>- the Laboratory, tlie f-itik—-i largo place, 20tn. de«p, 7ft long1, and 2ft. wide—is filled with wator, and theae c!l»lu-» are lert thiire duriner tho raitht. In 'lie niornintr, they nro watbed. flist in a roucb, way, and then dean water i* fto»ed upon them, and they are put (lircctly to tbe tpotit iiielf I f.cver wipe, or hiive adl*hwipc<l, with a towel, lest there miaht be matt'r oi pome kind up n it; hnt they tire smspended on a rack a«id dried ; flhd wheii they uro ab^ut to be n«*d, I genprsl^y wfpg ihtm with a o!can white cam brio handkerchief, which I also n«o on the m!crofcope». Tajlorisay*. " TheTe'sela n*ed in this process should be tnadc of ghs^or ol RlßZ'j.i white p^vxIblii. »nd the irlnzi aliouM ba pre» roa-iy tested liy aci'"B M Was that dove on tttiu occw-ion 1 - JNo; I never test the gl»ie with! octdn. Yott ob*erre that Ta>lor encildem the gbic on these Tcoels to ba a eoarce of imparity. Is mot thai the cai'e? Did you never undcniland tliiat before 1 ~No, *xo<«pt whon >ot)t dUsdve tbe gl*ss o£F .with st>-ont{ aikilles. But strong nlhslie* a'o used on ttiom conntimes, are not they!-No. Bo kind enougb to show mo tbe extract you read, that I may see bow it sUndit. and be kM tnoußb also, to name tho imparity that i* likely to be pre>enk> That ii mire tban I can toll you—And id h I more than I can toll you. I think bo refers here t/> bnrnx. wh!l*h I hare cover seen, practically,'.ia Berlin porcelain. This work ot Taylor'* is aFtan'ia'd authority. Is it ni>i?~Yes, on the great majority of point 4. Bat be ban placed bim«elf In collision -a'itb Lctheby, with Ht-rnpa»h of Bristol, a very grant nnth'Jritv, and wi;h s nuraber of others. Th"? fuct is tliat tlio nnalyista were at lotfaer- | hea'la on Palmer's trial, w.ra they not?— Well, [he did not find the poison In Polr/icrV case, tml Ihe tried to throw cold water on. others who iiaid they did. At al) event*, do you not respect DrTayllori Is be not to b.) trattteil, when be describes' (he precautions that ciosht t» he O'iiti'oyc<i by analysts ia avoiding aliEOuicJs of error? —I think so. Y<iu tru't him there?—lf you will road a particular pwaze, I will fit you. Ido not see, myself, tbe necessity for wtut you huvn alniady reaJ. Then tb^e ii & decided difference between you and Tavloi 1 'i'he Ju'se: I supp'we every praoiical nnalyit uses 111* owu precautions. His Honir intimated tint, un!cs Mr desired to fl ilsli a branch o( hi* crotn.exiiminaiion, the 'Jocrt woul 1 now be adjourned Mr Wraith said ho Buoutd prefer ntoppin|£ at once. . Tbe C*urt was accwlinely (a few minutes liefore six o'clock) a"j lurncd until ton o'clock on Saturday. Tbe jury were ag&ia escorted to tho Sbatnrook Hotel, lor the night.

BA.TURD&Y, Mahch 18th,

At the sitting of the Court to Jay, Mr Smith rcutncd his crotis examiaaUon of lit Macat'iatn, aa follow*: — Tho p"int at which we had arrived yestmlay, was that -you find not tc«(ed your glaaeJ-wro ve«Mls wi!hao;ds, as Taylor onsiikrs uercasaarj ? —Will you allow me tore id the ptm. go to which you refer ? : ThcJa ge:-Did you wch your glazed -ware vessel* wiih a«*lds ?—No. your Honor; and I ncferenw ye »"1« v/aiited P>r atiy such purpose with ari'ta, except in tho presence of Borae vary unusual and extraneoas substance. MrS'iiidi: Here U the palace which I read (o yon yesterday (bsndiotr the book) 5' -Thii has reference to the presence of Jovl, but licj no referenofl to 'ho preamce if strychnine. Why do you. »ay that 1 -Be-tansait is in connection with lead, a* you will see i« > ou will read the context. I wilt re-vi tho whn!e section, if yciu wislli it; bat will you attend to this: — "In tact, a! terts or re-agcnla should bj tinted before tin y ore employed in maiiri*. The vjwela u«cd ia these procents should be marts of rlsms or of glaxsd i>oroelain, the eclazs havlm; bsea previously t st°d by acids"? —In tita'. Taylor roald have had no reference ti the poisoi wi'h which I ba»o been doling as Is proved by the fitct. thit at the tcmperatura.it which i!is ulin: i-i eo.ifitrred on the porcelain, strychaiao could not po<«ibl; exist. s In the g'asw I— Qaite to. 1 Bat something el*o might exM 1 —Not sfirychniue. lam not eontendincr 6hat it would be (tj'ychnino. The ohj?ct of my present inquiry is to Otc.'italn that there ia no imparity wbatevGr which may act as a dMurbiog «lement, and *o renfier questionable the rom t at which; the analyst rril csl-Yon wil! find that bji'tbo Keennd pre 3e«B men if lead was present in; t'.iat tbin coatinff of the porcelain, its preseaci tfroald not bodetrlroental to thatont- '■ , WhatrfoTou tWnfc Tnylor'«opnwia Isi—.l believe lliet he refer* to tbo ordinary caramon kind of miterißl. and no- to the Berlin porcelain.: . He U r«ferrlnjj tliero to the hind of »««<el« that ought t-i be used, ii be not I—No, he i* sbvlinjr, * prtcautionary measure lo Ue a<lopt«d by practitioner* who ara not In the h«bit of mskißß the^e inwtfga'iop.B. and not xv furring toitbose who arc acquainted with »uc'vinwßtigationi|, and can purclioM and n*e tho be»t vtsicls. ' That is s> vpty wide inference firom tbii pal*' •age: it »eema to me tbat he ii fsylne down a general principle V-In what proe<B»l .■ ] This proseati—All the analytical process's employed for tlie detection of p-Jifionii ? 1 Doa't joa understand m"! to be apeakiiiir of tbemi-4'l'o; bat in the csss of Herlio j^ircelain, there ia no lead ueei In tlia alaze. i What ia xue>i I -Oroantl felspar. _ What ia tb» o'jrapotittoa of thalt-.Bwoiateof potash aid alnraina. The Jadga: It is of the niture of anatoril gla*B?—HU a natural gloss, your Etouor, bat ia an opoqae stste. Mr Smith: Willyoosiy that tho presence of ailica or alumina, as fojwd ia the gluz-*, woold nrAbfs a rllstttrbiog element in the nnaljsie:—«ot in the glijjbteat- , ' Very welL I only wish to be Bah»fl»d, r-» we go along, that all aourcea of error ans shat oarfe. I want yonr answer to>tliLi qaeation, which x put to yon once or twice yesterday, bat Rot no satisfactory ansffer-If, sw an ana'y-t, you ero not nuit« certain that yon bare cxoladed aX other materials except Ui« oae you aw lookme lor, «'o yon feol »dv -confidence in the result? C«.n yoa wiynpon that rwalfees beinj? one to wmen you c« swear in ft Court of Justice!! -Most conlam afraM yd* doa'i unda'efcwd roy. qa««tion. Supposinz tbat at the end of the process, JOB haw r*sioVto doubt fiat tbe obj-ct of «je ptjaii--pamely the eHiainalion or. gtttinif»ia of all oi&er i mittero whatever, ejreapt tho one you "nppo«a I would be tb» result-Bttpposiojir «w^y oa *^l h!« f.ir strychnine, but at the <Snd bad -rei»n to doiiH whether yon b»1 delected It aflenmUil 7 - would youthen. wMi that doubt in yuar tawd, come awJ Bwe»r, " I liave foaiajl fttrjchwue beyond dottbt"?-»lo»tc«rUiflly not. Iknwr what yoar bh*«« won.idta.ljat we raavt proceed clear y. .If I oan wtahilsti a raw B onablS doabt in your mladl »f «»e eorreclaew « theproce«ses jou employed—* rewanablis do-ibt tb*tyou had really *tt*iaed «ta ml-ject <if th«» Drocei*^, tbe feparstioa of alt ottxtr matter* whatever except stryebniae-if 1, oa'j <lo that, will you be prepwed to a*k the Jary to rely en the eyidenee yoa t»» jri*ea?—lf youiitiH exp!«in the doabt, I wUI aQ»wor: r ouj bttlt I wiH not acecaiate <m <t>cli & point,,, . My qnertton, I tWofe, is reffrdeitUy ioUlligiblo.

Bat I »iU explain my doutit. Ammo that &•** iTM, in the utomai-fe sent toyon,»c«rMinoLW has disappeared!' ami if, to the ver/eYdI »!t an) onnb'c to «how that either of (hi nreSJ^ is 0 leulatcii to 'eiiminate that sob»jtt»-^rfu rott then conks*, that job ou R ht i.ot to ask tfc« jnry to behave ibe avideiioe yon have titttll gi«n t-I certainly wl la. t. The flndi fle <rf ,|* strychnin* mjie matter I liwe to do«l with The Ju^ko: l>o ynu'raeao tliis. Mr timiih r« your qwsstl n :~tsoppo»!nK there was another sufc! "'atere !!!_ *toIB1»l», .■»y. of a pobon-TO Hwor' ?mi'h: WWCh ** BOt necet»wJ. Joar ThoJurfße: WVH, mxnp olber substance vbith you haw not examined for and n«t deWt»d HonWr tbat BffeCt S°n' *°riC>llsloa'-H'j«ar Mr Smith: Evrn though that sub'tauec aMit. bnppen to pusses oao of the <li-t!i.<«iWo qud tie* of istnebnine, iat use. biiten>es«3 Notwh ea j had the- ei K lit tests employed ta c mbia»tion far abyciinlno Do you understand what I mean ? I uemmt that ttila substance I* intensely bi tc-r, nnd If now» to bo io, but not str.vchnne; l'>»t Mrs Jarrer took it after tea. mid thut you. a* an anrli»r had not be«n told of i. ; that yon to ou to the end of the process and get someuiup bitter— .tbt pre-cnae of ih« other subsmnce which 1 am a«tntniiit£to exi*t would norount for that 1 -What thitiji do ji>o ns-übie to exin 1 I will not tell you at preeaL Bat thoil.it test jou appli d, ih it of taste, woukt be nothin. in. that cwt ? —it would. * Why? Becans» all oiher liilt'r rnralartvi that we know of, oxoapt strychnine, wouid pejigK ■in »he nourio of ih" p cess. That is oJsso'ly wlut I » ant to find out If I ri'w»',- that n.corialii huttt.mce po-Ee-aicß a itrodt; bUttr taste, wa-. ukta by Mrs Jarvey—ibat it would not ptrith in your proms tfiat it nso-t inevitably b<i tounrt nt tho ci»il of both jour processes—what would you say to that »«- sit ilitj 1 "^ The Jutfge: He has admitted thst »-.?. bility. The Witness: If the substance turned iß<re>» the whole of the test", I will nt ones jie'.d. You say that y.iu nmimtsud thesis two «irocsssea to bo lafallibl"? -I beliovc both of thra to bs infallible. Bta-V has been relied ojxin fw year*. 1 don't care what others may have done: *«■ aro dealing with wbat yon have done in tlm cue. Tbo que»tion to whi;:h ( wish to direct joar at* tenlion is this : - If 1 ua-no acuh tanos wLicti I suppo c to have bt'tn ■«l(*n by th'i deceased, end you fall to ftio <r that thai; aabstmioQ •vtuitl dE appear a t»(?ctber in tiw courr-e of your two pro-c?£sc-8, «ba]| I (ftnbiibli a doubt in jour mind r> to the reliabili'y cf »ny of jcar testa!—lmeu by Etntiiiß that tho ussutn d mbstaiicc uonW perish, that there woulii * c no sub-lunce obtained at tba termination of the jirrccus.a, that •oronlj yield the ictuta that were jict-'ed but strjclinine. To what re»n!t« do you alluile t —Thoee afforded by th« combination • f the eijjht tents. IfltuppoßC an Intemtely Wtter tub«Unce-a qainino powder, for iiißtmsc—to liitb bctn taken shortly bforedonh, vtin tb<; procetwoi'ci'lated to oi>n)i) that Buhstni'ca to ilienppcar t—Tbe te;U w<m!d not bo applicable to qalninc—they woaldl lenvo it nnrfttcotcd.nitcfpt by tatito. The residuum you brs.o talked cf, and rtitcd ta be rare strychnin*—— I ba^youriJirdon ; I have nev<r sAid no. Hiii U«nor wai applied to, and re ml portion* nf hisi no<es. Mr Hn.Hh : I am ulad ti fltiil that I was m\taken. I want to state nolhiog that i* not clearly in your evi'Jenef. What do you p'ofevi lo obtuin? Wh»t isyourrfiiicluurnT—i hav-e prcfrred to oiita'n an extract or r<>idt'uni which contiint BttycTanine. Mkhtit have contnincil any anirai! nutter J — Wo, that was carefully avol fed by the proceiHs. Are you quite Hatiifisd of that 1 - You may re*nera!»ef, I nuid that after 14 h«ur« But foraellracs we i>ro not cent as <o wli&tyoa have wai'i or intended to cay. The Julge: I think iiis evidence i» prett; cte-ron chat point Mr Smith : You (tro perfectly certain that the prarc'B muat have excluded all animal inaiurt— Allatiimalmatier. In both caie>, Stab* and the modified one ?— Ye«. What i* *lrjchnin' ?—H I* an alkaloid, oMaiaed from fie Strychnia nttx vomictt. A »cg«taol« alttwlU—Yen. What in quinine I—lt is an extract fromtLt cirxlionia bark. The Judge: *Ibo anjilk-11. Mir Smith: They belong, than, to the tune nataral sjroup 1 -They do not. 1 know there ia ait nriHoial distinction. Tbo Judge: Both are of the nature of alkalies .' —Thfy are tsth alkalies. Mr tsmiih : Wby called co? -B«au«e tfceyhave an alkaline re-actfon, and belong to tho vc^etabl* Wl»y1 -They are alkaloids In tbe sens* tlwt they compare witli alkalie* in the TCgetaMe worlil. . „ , Ihfj combine with acid? and form neutral «a!t«t-They do, lo the raajoriiyof ca'eu Tliat k to with sttyilinlne and with quinine i — W'hicli, in combinaiion with Eulphnrio ociJ, will form salt* I'-No; *nlphutcj. . With regard to strychnine: itn woperttc na»e not been known (at matiy years, ba»e tbej ?-Iti properties ba»e bo n known, to rpy knowleoj{e, a* regards .ita analysis and detection, fur tie If* twenty yenw. - , , Was much known about it at the time of Pulwet'a trial 1 When was that -do you know i Tee Jadßc: 1858. Mr Smith: The-o were very eminent iota examined on that trial, wew tJ-.eto not ?-Ye*. Do yon recollect tbem? -Ye*. There yge Pi-ofwtor Taylor. Dr. Ham, Dr. tetheby, ana «c Herapalb.of Brbtsl. . . Ho was a very di»t!oga'nhed toncologlst J- ' Ye*l ' * : The-Judges A great analyst 1-He wr« di»--tiußiiisthed •« a medical legal analyst. Mr Smith: i presume that he and T*ylor wouild be reckoned as two moßt .tninent iaen, rcpire«en«in^ in maxe re«p«te, t»o opPo*l* preiwit oppoeite fchooU, but they imve v.» liabrcoea. Thay differet on that trial. HwOB a pretty stiff difierenee on that trial, waii It not %— No : not bo meco, TOe lidge" bid not Herapath «»««"».«'• :»sr«Si? »r Taylor for not deUotlnsr theUnchmmt Ml he not «y that £ ewrtddeU'ctaa i.ifioiK'simal qwn'ityl the 50,00»«» P»» of « grain. I ■■"ay ■tJU««*** 11t fmi tween Was tberonot,,.howfeter, ftißrttt ffui ""S them t-TCf»; b«i *inco tb.t they Imre qpoted • dch othwr B-npalb a-.il that he ouM lo tow found tbe strycW: that w&ojedjqk^ ttnrl cftuwd him to disallow soma of tbe sta«Mr.U^it forth by Hmprtb attt,o tliu.. Jglor"« work will «iww that i» £nds l!> ism *l! "''Mr Smith: Ho Menu nwe ia «»-•** !be wrote till* wsrk, or at Uw dat« of tais «<»■- Prdartctfivt: Ie it riirbt tbal my frlw* sbiinid go into medical worksin tb* way i Via Judjte: Mora license is BU»««sd to <*««:•* fer'tbe defence than U altowetl tojany one <ita. i* th«s couraa of n croM-examlnauojj, wl"'", 3-*^ du»ltiorkis ased, a paasaisc may »«^'^v ih(S -witoets may be uked wbaiher he 'Rf«* WS it. Thst five* nin> tbo opEflrtnmty to ««» *w opinion; tnt there it should, stop. . . Mr Panders;**: It wa&attoißptcd in tho ttiU of Palmer, end mis rtopp*!. MUrdosr Tbe Jadffe: It w-w dcae. without oJiecutm, As I««*wi«*.W" Haw. it w«««bjccl«d toand«;opp.i r wiih»r that evidence v to i«pcri»enUi on "jftipsJwtti; notbeatlowedj bot W«H«f«W ha* nUowedttst 3feSiißSffiS39E

.-irJiDfs*. may be read t> him, and he may b' wked if Mi opinion diffen fiom that: and he •may kfi crcms-exstmiacd on that. At the- tame time, I thfnk shat this course ought to be iparlog'y tiscrl, f>r It only confuses the jury, and I Jjjat j« m the book i« not evidence. }Ir Smiih: But D- tfacadaia'a statements are, and I »n»t '•'si them. Here in a ptutsage {p. 707) which I will read to you from Tajloi'B wo "M '~- "The dcte''c« turned mainly on the non-dis-covery of *trydi»ia in the body. The criminal tampering with tbe stomach, won conveniently ■ Ignored; and it w<« niwamed th&t no difficultie« Bad bsen placet) In tbe way of rhe analytic With ihiaassumolwri-it wasnlfegeri ifaat no person can die of poison unless the poison is found in the dead body, and that etnehnia beinir auisceplible of detection up to the .nimncjt fractional pnrt of a grain, U« absence under a proper chemical research, was a pro -f that deceased could not have died frosi its efftc's. To tnpport this view, the counsel for the defenco (sailed Mr Kerapath and' Dr Letbehy, who asserted thur power to detect itrychnU up to 'he one fiTty-t'iOHSfindth part of a grain or k-«- ! Hat while these witnen«i»B by their cfceinicftl evidei Co, were fchUß leading the jary to believe tl»«t defeated had not <ti*d from,i«lry..hisia, because tbU "ibstanc* wns not found in the coats of bis stom.-i'h and into tin-s, they each bad a mental ressrvaUon to the effsist, that the nondetection wai not really owing to tljeabwnci of the poison, tut to the aljcg't'l imperfect pr->ce»a pursued by the crown witnesses tor its Kpnr* tlon ! 3'r Herai>ath hod, indeed, expressed thi-t opinion oneily on variou* occiHons before the trial; and Dr Letheby subsequently published hfs views to the sime effect, if these wltnes«e-i Lad only c.iiidi J'y f.fca'e;! this at tbe trial, it would have save) the Omit aid jury tuuhtirae. aud tcisnee math scandal; for they appeared to differ from tbe Or-iwn witne-ses on tho main fact, namely, tb» oau c of death, wb«u the difference in utility was a* to the relative vsdue of their own and other processes for tbe detection of Btrychoia —a point which a jury fould not decide, aud was quito uoiuip'irtiiiit to the issue." The Witness: Be kind enough to read the next three lines Mr Smith: Certafnly. V The Hate in which the stomach was delivered for analysis would to most scientific persons have alono sufficed to account for tho failure of tbe chemif al evidence." That will rio, air. Doea Taylor there atite what is the fact-, according to your experience - that gentlemen fn this branch of your prcfrts'on, not only differ greatly as to the possibility of discovering alrycbnine, but nl«o ai lo tus different >'«prof» of reliability to Ho put on 'iifleretifc kimlnof tests?- - I will undertake to show the Court —— Will yo'j firet answer my question ? Do not toxicolopi"ta <iHl«ir fiß to the value of differexit processes?-They do not. Ewn in respct 10 jitrycbninfi, tho ten's given in Taylor are precisely ihof.e given by Henipath on tbut trlnl. Tile Judgo : 'I be*e are not new fact's discovered jiince Pnlrner'« (a-se t —tie your Honor. It h only a question of tt'ti decres of dclicicy of the opera tion, amS the luiuuteneas of tho quantity discovered. Mr&tniih : I< It aleoa question of decree, and of tests'/ --Wo, beciusß the teals are tho same with bolh Rentlemen. I am cow ito'ma to a»k you to institute a very minute comparison between these two vecetable alkaloids, strvchnine.tmrf qaioinc. Tlisy hotli beionfi: to the sime family, inasmuch aa btitb arc vegctablo alkaloids! —That does uot necessarily follow. How am I w org 1 Are they tint both veKatable alkaloids? — They bolonp to iho Rreit cla*s ot alksloldw, but not in the vegetable kingdom. Very wtll. Then, tlrat c!a*s is BQbiiivided?— Yes. The JudKo: When th^y are reduced to th« condition of alkaloids, thoy be'onj; to tbe same Glass?— They are elated, chemically, the sainc But when you trnce them ap to their vt-a>-U!ilo substances. t!en the vegetables belong todiileieut Classes I—Yif. Mr Smith: As vegetable alkaloids, ihsy are ploccd ie one. class I—They are. Tbat cUts iSJ sub-divided into group*?— Yes. Will jou ►tate the charaotcrUtiM according to which thattnoro mtriuto clis'sificntion Is made '{ — Itdepcn'lH upon the re-action of certain aseiit<. Aa to b'W tiio'e fi)kaloii!» behave, when in combination with a-iidn? Yes. All the chemical Kulmteuees you use in analyflfß you cill ro-apea!»l —Y*u. Then nccoteiin^ ti the manner in which th» alkaloid bebnvcJ, X7ben iv combination wish any or all of th aa re ug'.ntx, it is classified under a dihtinct (>roupl It, is. Will you define the group to jrhioh quiuinP belongs 1 —'l'ha classification in very minute and I probably wcutd iiot be able to «l«t8 to you, r.iihout reference fr» a worhinx analysip, the particular K'oup t > which t-'-nt bo y belonci*; but I am prepared to state th; strychnine group, and tho fpecialiliw of ifa clafs. It is a very important thinfr, for the pßrppse* of this trial, that this ml ute comparison between .the t~*o things should ba inßdc I aswre y-n that it Is *o. I would not occupy your t;me, or tbnt of any <>ne else, in goinc thronuh it, if it was not, as I shall show hoitafier, o'' iniinito imp'<rtance ?—Will you allow mo tn name tho specialties of tho strychnia pfoao ? Ye?; what ? —That they are precipitated by potass. And what arq tbo substances included? - Strychnine, brucia, and vorilria They all belong to the warn-' group ? —They form one group. Tney are prfctpitated by potass; bufceiea when » concentrate'! s^lntion U taken, they are wot precipitated by bicirbonate of fOiiaTho Jtideft: Do you mean, when the solution is saturated? -When it contains a comparatively <large proportion of the mnlfriat. Mr Smith : When the bu!k of tho fluid has been reduced by evaporation I —Ye?. _ j Then, we liive got tbe chara"ttrist'es whioh i distinguish three nlkhloida. Strjohnia and I brucia are very nearly allied 1 -Tb«y nre hith yieldied by the same plant, tho Strychnos nux ■vomica. U Renerally not pun-, j owinjr to the presence of brocia. What U meant by a neutial Ealt'!-A salt that will nt rfftict t fst paper. A cointuoa mila powder U an illustration 1 — I beer your pardon; it is an illustration of the effect.of an aoi'l on a alkali; but it would not be neutral, except by a very extraordinary chance. 1 want Uie Jury to understand your terms—to know what yuu mean by neutralising:. Is not this a familiar iiwUnce, namely, tint when to carbonate of soda wo put a sufficient quantity of t&rtaric ocTd. tho result is a neutral compout/d ? - As far as an i Iwtratioq of tbo prociss Jo appeara,nce, it ia crrrpn*. The Judge: When a- nentral salt is formed from, say, an acid >tnd an nlkali, the peculiar properties of the acid and the peculiar properties of tbe alkali are lost ia the united compound ? — Precisely. „ _ Mr Smith: Is not that neutrality ?—Precisely. That is asturainpr, is it not, that you have (jot }QSt enough <f each element to form, exactly neutrality; but if you haw cot an excess, Fay of the alka'.i, what is that reiultc-illed ]—I don'i remember any fait in the history r>l chemistry, where you huve an excels ot alkali. It cannot be called a neutral salt, if you have such au excess. ' The Judge: *re there not thingH that have a prefix, such na "sub" and 'Super"? Mr Smith: Take a f»ub-oar»onate: does not that mean, hiving lesa acid than it is capable Of tttkiog up?— Having its proper p>oportion. HTit when you spfak o< a neutral suit having aa excess of alkali, I cmnot understand it. An aMd with an alka3ine b-ure produces n neutral sa!t?-Y^, if ia their proper atomic proportions by weight. ' „ There if anuther clas* of salts where acla predominates? Ahat are they called!— They are classed as aaW salts ; suoh as sulphate of oipper, nitrate of silver, aud so on. Where the acid predominates, they are called aculsalts?-Yes, or blearbonnteis, dicarbonates,or «übcarb»nates>. 1( - And where the base predominates, they oro called what?—"Dio," or "di," or "sub, as <£ho case may be a

lo wb«t groap of-atkatoitfs dot* «ui<-ine belong 1 _-Tbafc depend* upon tbe clarification, -i- • 1, i **ke" ytnr iriend, I'reteaioa-you believe m him?-I do. t How many groap* of nllwloWs does hi maire 1 — Riahtornine, 1 bsiieve. I cannot *By positively wltbrat reference; »ut I have th* book tiere. I want to 83« wtiiit kno vletlpe you have in yoar brad, not what there is in a took of which you know?—lt is the Ja'ert sdftion, aad only arrived froßi Xnsjla/id by tbe Jatt mail. - fn f«ct, yott were kind enough to lend It to me 1-1 did, D> you know in what"group Fresenhn places quinine 1 Ido not. Then kindly look, and tell as TJic Judge : i door tbink it is allowable, that be look at a b3olr, simply to refresh his memosy. Mr Smith : Then, T will arrive at what I want otherwise. You have toll us that if there i* B£rycbi>itte in an acid solution, it will bo thrown down »>y potass, but not by bicarbonate of soda. Suppose quinine to be in sn ncid xoiation, wouli it be thrown down by pot-rt' 1 -I hive never applied pof aw to a s iJu-.ion of qninine. You cannot ans.ver thtt question from ei:--ne'isnee?—l c*nnot. That pfirtieular test 1 have never 'used, because quinine ha? such obvious properties. You bavi uever a«certained, and yon don't rceollcct what Fresenius nnyni— No, not until 1 look at ihe group. Wfaat effcet do jon think bicarbonate of soda wonkl have upon »n acid ifolutfon containing quf'iine?—l fiink it would preHpiUte it If Fr^oniu* ssya no, would you take it for granted I— l .would. First of all, there b one nub-oiviaion of alkaloids, the non-volatile. Both strychnine and qain/ne are non vo'atie. are they not] -Ye». This snb-divi ion of the rt'm-vO'atile, Fre«e-------t iua further divides into .group*. Tbe member* of the first group, he («•)», have tbe-e characterii)iic»:—" Non-volatile alkaloids which are precipnted by patias or «od», from tbe isolation of their silts, and re^di'solva rea'Jily in aa excess of the precipitant?"— Yen. Under that head, he only places one alkaloid: that i«, Hiort/hin. Then he goes int-> tho second e-'onp—" Non-volatile alkaloi-ia which are precipit'ited by pot«_f» fr(>m tbe solution of tbeir faltp, but do not re-oi solve, to a perceptible extent, in an cxeim of the precipitant, and are preiipita^d by iijcarbonate of kwl.i, even from aci<i solutions." I 8d tSi 't you- anticipations are correct 1 —Yes. If quinine fs hel I in an ncid folution, the addiJ tion ot a sufficient quantity of bicarbonate of coda will ;..ii»iv lls<; quinine to the bottom? —Yes, I app->rentlT. Now, p!ea«e to read their distinction from l:o croup containing f-tryohnine. ' NoTi-volatilo nikaldi'ls, wbi h are precipitated by potaai from the solution of their silts, and do not re-dl»solve to nny jerreptiMe extent in an ejf'efs of th-ii-prtcipitanta. but arenotprecipatcd frnm somewhat concentrated solutions by the bicarbonate* of thfeir fixed alkrlies?'-Yej, that i% the distinction. And thai1, is a (liniinc'ian to which I wish to direct the atlent/oi of the Court and jury : that !s, that tho tronp to which quinine befong* i< pn cipitntf'd by the bicarbonate of soda, and that ptrynhnine ii> not. Havintr extab'iohed tbat leit'linj^ (ifstinctiou hetwfipn strychnine and quinine, I wish you to tell the jury jn what points they agree. It would not be fair to attempt to t»«k your memory by asViujr you to enumerate them; but I li3ve put thfm down, and I will nsk you. seriatim, whether you agree with the propositions I state ; —We have got that both arc non-volatile. Both are exceedingly bitter in tan'e ?—Yes. Both neutralise neids complntely ?— They doThe ealfs of both nro cryftalisaMe?—They are. The silts of both diasolva freely in hot spirits? —They tlo. Vot'tss aod ajmnonia ha"o a similar eff ct on quinine, when held in an 3Cid solution ! —Yes«, Thst i^ to nay, botharo precipitated J—Yea. The prefiipitatc-s ot both are crystaiiae under the microscope ? - Yes. The crystal* of lir»th are ascicalsr, or needleshaped ?—There i* a d'ffsrenee there. The crystals «f quitiin? (If they can b*. called crystiN) j ar>s liglit, fht tiblex, compared with tbeooto»edral ; and the prismatic cry/itnl* ff Rtrychnlne These crTHial« are, to spe&k gensrally, bold and well defined. For the sake of clearness, describe the crystals formed by quinine. I will n-sunio that it has been <!i.iwolved in acid J—Wliich acid ? Pay sulphuric «cid, which you have used : throDithout. in ihs texts which nre intended to produce ciystali'^'iou ?—Xo the acid is removtd l>y th<s procss, before the testing comes. When you talk of an aoid eolutian, you m<>nn the union,of sulphu'ie aci'l with the other BubHances?—No, only in one process— (he modification of that of ilodgcrs and Girdwoo1!. Do you not use it in Stu'<s process 1 —No ; tartaris acid. Dock tbat make any difference?— A preat difference ia the salt that results. Uut I will suppose that you have used *ulphuric ncid, that, qninine hns been dissolved by it, and tint by tbe uws of an alkali, such as potas«, jou<£Qt the quinine crystal* ; what is the shape of those crystals'! Rectangular prlaros and octohedrons. Are yon Bpeflking of qninine I—No, that is tho description of slryrhtitno crvstils. Th'n, arpyou sjitnkina of the oryttals formed by atriHtinine when it hi» bs^n rfissolvad in acid? —No, but at it i« under thu circumstances under which we obtained it. A fit wa« in the bottle I had h<re iho other d av » —What fort wat tbat nir? Thp Judjr'T'l he proper thinjj would ho that lir ahouUi sp<ak of tho crystals a* obtained by hi* process. Is rot tbifl the question you want answewl:—What is the form of a erytt.il of strychnin, and what if the form of a crystal of quinn ? MrSimiih: Yfs, your Honor, that will do Bat. I want to know firn ahout quinine? -I can tppuk n* to th«> fhape of quinine it*elf; but there Ih a fp'cia'ty wi'h rpgard to quinine aud to ra:Bt oilier alka'oids, thn*. the crystals are not at all uniform Sometime''they rppeprin flakeß tomatimes In Rronpß of Buicu'ai a^ it were. Then it forms different <-ry«t il> 1 —Yes, I have mentioned their nime 1, nnd they belong to two different tystems of «*rjftal"(rrsohr. (iire me all tho different f,>rm« that the crystals of strychnine mayawumr-?—Octohedrons; rectangular prifiro*; rectangular pti-ms with oblique top* or summits. 0 ifarets?—l have used the better term. Groupii of rpiru'to. That is. of iittlo thinßs clnifered into a point? Yes. And, also, what may bo called irregular forma, like tufts. Do you know of any other form which the crystal's of strychnine may assume ? —I have seen tetrahedrons :"th»t!?, cry'tate of four sid.-s altogether, including tbe bottom. The Jud<re: Wben you speak of rectangular prisms you mean a nrism four-side I, leaving oat the top and bottom 1 -Ye*, your Honor. Have you name-1 all the forms that the crystals of strychnine may assume? You are epeukinff of them, I suppose, ni viewed under a miseroscope t —Yes; or, if any large crystals are available, without it. Could you see with the naked eye the crystals you obtained in «M« case ? -No. Mar I assume tfcat all these different forms of crystals, which you have observed as presented by strychnine <• b«>n viewed under a microscope I rill not see al) those forma In this case. 1 only want to know what aro all the forms that the orystuls may assume J^l think 1 bare named them. There are two forms beioDgingr to the first system of crystalosrraphy, and then you liiave, belonging to tbe third system, the recitanflrui'ar, . Have you never aaeu, under tha microscope, tbe crystals of strychnine present aa appearance of wisioh that fhim'tiojr a skercb] W an enlargement.?— When there is an influitesiraal truce put under tl»9 mlcroscop3 and .examined by polarineil light, it appear, not exactly like this, bat with the limbs a little more expanded, and when tha mas* is rotated by polnnsed light, tbo different colors of reftaotion are toHUE^ out. Do they not show like Jtbat figure 1-They do B I? Bot Bt!iat. which is noaaethtog Hka a duckY foot, or tbo claw of a fowJ, a lough miitatioa of

tbe appeKxatmi aa-umed by the crjstab of Biryetinine, under v microscope?—R'o; thit £» nut a crystaiat all. , ;"•.■/.■.>. ' ;,,■•■ A ■.-.-:.•. ■■• : .:J\, I Bit not ihe appearance •of *lrjchuioa afts>r it ha<been held in an acid solution and tbiosr down by an alkaii?—When viewei tin&tt a inicrrsjope by poLari-e<l iieht you do bring out rmli fro«na centre, the radii being cliffereijily colored as you revolve the polarising apparatus. But the radii are much wider thau. in tbi* figure at least, the Hneii of light shown, which would lead, one to suppose t!i»t there are these radiii. < : Bitbcr you see radii or you do not t—Wellj you ■■; cannot fe*l them. ■.-.■.■..,. ■. ■ ■„.. ~..,.....• ~;.: lam quite «ware oi tbat, «ir. ; lam not asking you to speak of what yon have not seen, but,only according to your t-xperience;. aad 1 a*k yon. whether you have not seen etrjebnine which has been held in! an acid Mutton, and precipitated by an aikali, whau viewed umcr a microscope, a»inmo that appearance?— Not no short aa thnti will make the Unei longer, if you like ?-1 don't want an exten»icn of length : I want them more circumferential. ■ : More like the apokes tf awheel? -Yes. Yon »»y that thty are too close together—that the distinctive character of thu crystals you have seen is, that the members have been wider apart.. Do you mean, at right angles?-No, not at Hi; because it is a msre qneatioa of the light that revolves them. ' . You did not view the substance which you tefted, otherwise than tinker polarised lieht? — We bad not material sufficient to g«t &a octonedron. What rnfo'ofcope did yoau«e?—Tbat belonging; to the Government Laboratory—one of the firstclass: there ia not a- finer inati mnent la tbe w<Tld. . Was it a binocular ? —No, there ore objections to that kind of instrument. No persou of txpertence wonld nse such a one. Do you know the Micrographie Dictionary, by Griffith and Henry}— No. . You do not 1 Did you never hear of it ? -No; i will you allow me to look at tbe bouk ? ; Y«»?-Thisis by Gtrimth and Henfry. Well, ons miy hi easily deceive-!, bat the mm; I used was so like, that you might have recognised it?—No; nae baa to be very par- : ticular. Well, is fcbls a work of authority ? -It i*; wo hate it. a word of standard authority 1 - It is upon the CKnres, but not upon the manipalatioo. Quecket and Buckle are tha two groat t>nthoritiea upon manipulation. Is this work considered inaccurate ?-It is merely looked upon a* a inasu oi diagrams. Then wiifre it exolalns the use of the microaeope. nnd low errors »re to be guarded against, does that fro fo'nothing fa your mind?-No; but I would rather consult books that are devoted to it. But thia is a gflod book ?-Oh 1 the book U aa excellent one, aa regards the diagrammatic portions of it. Listen to this passage :— " But independently of the disadvantages attendant upon the improper use of tbe microscope, there are difficulties inherently conuented with j the nse of microscopic obj*«ti», which are not included in examinations with tbe naked eve. One of these i°, that with the ordinary microscopa" which fs toe one you usa— —No, it i* not an ordinary one, by any means.. *• ObJiCls are only -vlewd with oin eve. Elenc, we lose < he direct power of dis tnguiih- ', iog" What do you think, Dr Macadam, but of wur«. you know 1 —Head on, fcir. ! What 'v the use of a b£n">culr— mlcrosflops ? —To give a stereoscopic view of tho object ? WhatdotH tbat mean f-—ii»irive you ai opportunity of looking; at it in i-a proper form. And these write-a say that with the ordinary ! inicroscori", yoa lo?e the power of dtstinßuisbinjr. —What! do yoa think? "Solidity; and j nre compelled to resort to indirect means for this purpose. This difiijaity is, however now bcinp' overcome, slnoij stereoscopic tnicroscopaa are beinfr con»troctsd." The writers go on to say that most otjticts in a microscope most be viewed by transmitted light; tbat we are ranch lr-s8 able to judßecorreJtly of tbeir oopsaanoi. whea e> «een; and that »c are therefore Jiab'e to err. Do yoa agree with that ?- £ agree with tbat; if yoa will nliow ma to add one remark: —Yesterday, ißpaikeofthfjappearancs of the crystals under polarised light -not under mcli circamstanccs as an: described in what you havp reaI*. Well, what is meant by polarissd light?— Light ie?o'vei into its elements. Krplain the valne of poTarised light for the purpose of vkwincf pryistals ? —The light, by an ' arrangement, is recolved into ifa color*. What is that arrangement? -Without the iastrnroenfc, I con'd scarcely tell you. I only want to hear the principle of polarisation. What is tbe principle upon which tbe value of it depends? It is the passing of transmitted light through Iceland spar placed at particular angles, ood tbe result is that the white light at rumes the olorg of the rainbow. An a shower of ' rain dissolves light into its pritnitiye'cilo b, and produccu tho appearance of tbe rainbow, so thii ] arrangement operates; and an yoa revolve (he j apparatus, the d'ffrreut portion* of tbe crysta's j that ore being viewed, develop «Jiff»rent colors. ■In not its great value, that the lijiht which would enable yoa to see other substances on the Rla»g on which you are «xaminln(j the strychnic, is thrown out of the field of the rni«!ro<cope, no i tbat you only pet ths liftht passing through the j glasi which shows tho strychnia?- No. j Have yoji not a dark field, and the strychnia j crvßtals alone appearing on it ?—On the dark i field? No. ■ ! - [The examination was continued an to the differences between a sketch htuded up by i counsel, and one made by the witness. J«' ■ | H»vo you «ver seen aUycboloe crystals in this : fragmentary Bhape?—l have, but not so narrow ; tho radii have been more spread. Have you nevar seem a'fragment with only thres epieu'ta, or three aseicu'oa or needles, in thnt way 1 —No; but I think a quite possible for a fragment to assume th'it app arance. Ia it possible for quinine to assume that appearance?—lt is—some tWng similar. So that strychnine nud quinino may as>ume the same appearance under the miseroscope?—No ; when tbe polarisation of light is carried on, fr>m right to lelt and left to rfaht, you can distinguish between them, by the diftarent colors that strike the eye. * ..■•■. » What difference of color is producsd by tho one and the other?—lt ii an optical result that it would be impossible to describe, merely by words. Then yon had better »ay nothing abont it. Just see, now, what I have brought yoa to admit: that it to quite possible for strychnine, under the tniorosieore> to assume the appearance *hown in this sketch; that It is equally possible for qoiuinc to assume that appearance— That a fragment of quinine miaht, sir. We are rot dealing with crystals at alt, at pusent. I wilt Euppoee that yoa get two nolulioatr, one of quinn and the other of strychnia ; that yoa precipita'a both, by the ad illtoa of an alkali — pitas!i; that you evaporate them j and that tha, dry residuum from' each yoa put upon an object glass, and pass each successively under n micros* cope?—On a slide is the phrase generally used. Very well. Taka the strychnine first: yon admit the possibility of its assnmi>ifr that shap - 1 —Of a portion of a crjstal being like It; bat I have never seen any so narrow, I Lope to convince yon that somebody elsa hag. You admit also, thu quinine may assume the same appearance 1 - Yus. or a very similar ode. I ibiak yoa slid thin work is valuable, particalar'y on account of these plotes?—Ve«. ■■,- Mr Smith presented the book to the witness and oomp&red a number of tho diagrams with each other. : f The Judee: I have taken down the statement mads by thi witness as followi:— "I think it qnii« possible that strychnine may assume the appearance of yonr ijingram, thongb I have n«-t seen It do so. Qiinlna assumes something of that appearance undet the microEOoper—tbe aes:-: ments ss>same something of a stiletto form. Is that a corref t description ? A segment of a star may be assumed by quinino and strychnine, bat I have said that wben revolved under polarised licht you may diatinsruiih them. By Mr Smith: WfiUyouattead to this;— You

hive great lakh In Fraeaiiis as & cometmubcr 1 >~Ye»i'■■'.r-W;■'.:,'.'i?-?-L? k!;;::-::.'-':^;v.j i :-:'- •■•^^■■■>i , . ■•■ M»id"r : .-.tlie.-'--1>e»4,,-;i:ff'-. Ftryctmias,. be < •»>*.-: i"P. t'iKMk a»d curboaate of -. soda produce in solatiomi of ultViof.'StrychnineI'—that in what you did hereirriirod«ce i'wbite precipitates of strydmiise wbisn are Invisible ia ntt ,-cxc<» ut precipitauts. Viewed under a microisotpe; mso nifjing one hundred times—the prtciji'.sfe ap j.peah« ~-»«■. ao aagri'gMe of email <*ry»taline ne'dtea,"1 Do you n^rci! with ihsi ? Y«»." . , You toll u*:jail.tm*-a very asus! form; in > t^ttt of prlima in which you see distinct aides t ■ Yin.'■.>■.■ ■ '• - ■■~>...:■■ •!■ -■■ ,v -..■■,-■..:.... ;.■■,: .... ■ , Hid ?<a-cry*tsline needles diniECl; rrystalloe ; formal Tbe needle iv ciystalojflraphy is a minafe prism. . ; '.■ .■!; .'■-■.•■ ,•■ ■-. .'/■.)•:, :•-. ■" <: , ..• •:■: I wl 1 now r*ad out of Freseniu*, \m remark* respecting quinine -r*' Po-ta a, ammonia, and the neural carbona'es of the nikaifex, produce in solutions of *al6s- of <j«i»» (If tl'ey ar« not too dilute) a whiv, loose, pulverulent precipitate o) j hydratedqains,. whirhimmediate y after precipitation appear* opaque and amorphous anuer the mi roßCops. bul assume* after tho lapse of some time the appearance of an Sfjerofrate tf crjstalline needkb"—i« that correct? Yes. 1 Thl« wai a long dhjrwwoo, caused by your rcrrmk when i got to number nine. I- wUh to show tbe p'-int of ireiemblsnea between qu-nine and strychnine ;: .Wh«n I *»id th#y wer-a needle-: shaped, you stopped and contradicted tne. But' I believe you mkaowleilge they ore seen under t!ie «tar-like iorms?- Ye*; they may be la both forms, but ttt£?e other forms belonging to strycb nine alone, ,'■■■. The precipitates of both remained undissolvfd in txom of potass? Y«s; bnt in tho owe of «tr« elmine fcliere Is very much lest of soiubilitj than in ilio eiwe of quinine. : Very n»u:h ?-Y*-s. Are you not departing from the principle of classification ■ which joa a'lmUtcd some time ago in makiog that statement 1, No; I think it is n matter of experience regarding the aolnbility of th<xe bedies. '.. ■.•; : 1 I will endeavor to show yoa what I have already statrd. What I bava put down is— " Another poJat of similarity between ifco c two sntmtßncts is that precipitates oJ both remain tindiwo'ved in excess of pottsh that it, If jou put to either more <bnn sufficient to produce a neutral catt; if you put more than enough, they are alike ia thic, Unit neither Is diWred" 1 -That is cwreot, but they are both preoipit:ue-i by patan " Yoa are HH»takinnr thepoimt. They are both neutralised, and precipitated by poui«s; but if you have put tuorri p tnm than is necessary to firm a ncuu.il calt, will that exce'B of potses ciuae th-m tod'; :olve again If you precipitate morphia with ammonia; if yoa have tin excess of the laiier, will not the uiorpbia fiiwsolve again ; but t*iat Is *uot the ease with ittyohoine and quinine, fomf you hare throw v down strychnine and quinine, add as much potass os you like, you woul* not renceolve tbem ?—I won't soy as mush yoa liko; if you overstep arutra'ity. Well, tbe aß"omption iff, if yon liave an excess of o'kali—l nsk yon whether the result is in both ciscb that quinine an well aa attyenntae remain* «ndi>B!»lved I—Yes Then I put down as number It -the last point of agreement—(hi precipitates of both are soluble in water?— Ye*. With or withont chlorofo"m 1 -Yes. Then I under-taod you to any you as'teßt'.fo all thoo eieven points on which i have ask^d you whether those two alkato'ds aer>:c, if according i-> your experieneo yju h«ve ««en at'-ychnine aatune a greater number of forms ? —Yes, and also to *be difference of polarisation. I wa-ii to go through the proeeM, havinff arcertaiued those qualitlea of those two fubstances, both or eith r of which raichi hay« been in the stomach. I want yoa to go thraueh those procefße*. The first process joa profjas to have used is Siaa's ? -fttax's. As pivon in Taylor. In the memorandum of your evi'Jenco given f> me before the trial— yon referred me to Taylor- Have you truly followed Stas's process?— What is i* the edition of the book 1 It is bis Medici) Jurteprudeocft you took thin from, not that whi>»h is given in bis work on polfonn ? —Yea, Sometimes tartaric acid is wed, and sometimes another acid. By the Jud<re: In thin case you used tartoric aci'll—l u<wl tnrtariciacW. . j By Mr .'■tniih % Thi* book does not profess to he the Toxiroloelst'a Vade Mecum—•iba.t 1« tha book you khoald have In the laboratory 1 It is, Taylor's MedldalJurlsprudence'?—lt is. I have " Taylor on Powoni" ? - You j?et Taylot'a analytical proces* on pofaons, tbs rh»r-ieter and properties of them—bat in that yoa have all the processes described—hit h the diflf^rencs. It i 4 like a laatcrla medfea. I willr^ad from th»t work then:—"The proceßS of f*ta» is pfenerally preferred forthe sepv;a tion «f ibis poi<on Tne principles of its o.«er«t|on coa'tsi ia dfgfoMng ttic strychnia, by rectified splat mixe I i-.ith a vegetable acid (the tarbaric, exilic or ocetio ) The'aeid solution of strychnia in cmcentrated in a water-bath at a low tempera tare. Thi o ncentrated liqni lis neutralized by potiuth or aimionla, and a slight txnesa of alkali ia aided. The nlka!ize<l liquid i" then shaken in a long stoppered tube with its volume of a mix tare, ojnsisting of equal parts of chloroform and t'ther. This liquid dissolves the strychnia set free by tbe alkali. It may ba aepara>ed from the twnry llijuid by a pipetta, and I he acl i sab tnittul ti epaataaeous evaporation, when, if trtebnia i* present, crystals of thj alkaloW will be obtained. These may be examined by the tests abova describe ••" Do you consider that is the full process di;ected by Btaa? ~Ycb. Do you understand, in thfe work on m^idil jurisprudence, only the prfnciol« ia referred to? —I. dt not think you will find it differ* from ■ he other book That process ia precisely the one I adopted. At iiU events, the process you Mi we is that of which you gave/me a copy. The floanse! handed to the witness the copy ref rr«d to, and requested tiha to real it, to see that the<e wat no mt.-tike. , By Mr Smith: I see yoa commence th's description by eayiogr that " Strychnine wa.» «ii> Fo'v*d by reetlfie-l sprit." That is as'tianins: you Rot it, to begin with J—No; I do not way th'>t. It read', Kenerally. I say the process I have fullowerl fa that of Stas, which c insists 3n diMolving strychnine by rectifisi spirits. Ia Stas's procßsa it was dismlvetl. * Ido u>t wish to dispute about words, nar do I wish to mis interpret. I understand you took an ounce and a quaiter?—By fluid measureWas it thst you dlssolv«d in rectified spirit and tartar!", acid!-No, we had, half tbe stomach, an'l then we add the washing of dhtiiled water to it. Walt ft moment; yoa put an ounce bpi! a half or fluid ff-om the stomach, and half the Hvar. What did you put them into t—lnto a porcelain vessel. ■■ •■ ': ■ ■- -'■ ..•■•'■.■■ Now, I want yon to describe the whole process, bo »r to intorta the Jury the while of wbat you did 1— Well, tb(S3 innterlals w<:re taken: the ounce atid qairter of fluW, and then half the itomsch, which wa» e'ippsil up into little pieces with a pair of sharp pci<sor«. The Jut!go ts Mr Smith :Do you want it more minute than he gava It before 1 Mr Smith : He did not nay into wbat ho put the ounce »nd half of fluid. , By Mr Smith : You chopped up fbs liver and stomach—what did you pat it ints I—lnto 4 porcelain basin. ~..'■■'■■ ■■■■■~ , . .- What shape- like a common pudding basin ? — No Ufa rounded at the bottom: :. Those sabstinces were pat into thit basin, and i what was done then ?—A. quantity of distiSltd j water was &'l'!ed, and then the tarUrie acid and rectified Bvirit applied, and tha materials heated. We have got In the bano, the liqu'd from the \ stomaohi the stomach <*ut up, the Hver^ distllle I water, tarttricacid, sod rectified spirit—how did voa treat that ? nui T-I heated tbe mixture over an ar^and gas lamp■■for about two hoars— slowly timmenoß it OS it were. _._^ ': , By thelod|fe: WMitdoieiapl— Ye». . ; i iJSfot evaporated-I want; to know whether It was intended to evaporate it ?—Sfo, it was inten- ■■ ■:ded-:todi(t«ttt-Wv-.--;:--; i ; i .v-;;.' ■.: .^^'"■■■■'■\J- i Over an argacd lamp did you aay 1 —An a-gana ~ S By Mr Ktaith ; I waut to know if it wo« ia-

tefttiaßal to leave that out I-1 never expected to b« aKked tor details. Thi-Judire; 'Jbce questions are p'oper to be aekirf in croM^xemiustion A question of that sort has a lendency to ca^t some blame on 8 witt«-« It i* suffioieot l« the esaminaiion in chief •t» get cut the ro-alt, kavioK to the croaseximination to u< t out the process. By Mr Bmh h : Yoa have got the materials Into tb tllgestor, what was done then I— Daring that mi it was covered up. except a, email O[wni g, and fltteii with a plate of pints.: ; By tin Judge: T»>i» lasted tw.» hours?— Two hour*. It was covered up.except asmtUl*pacj r just to nifow tha escupeofo qo&ntily of vapour to fii;d ijs-wsy, witbiaiiaall plate of «cla>s., , By Mr Smith t When ; hi was taken off the lamp what was do e?~lt was then filtered throueh rcsrso mualin into » benke/ glaas marie »o that it m:ght stand the: heat. Thin through a doable Javer of fine muslin—that is.1 it was .fibred.' ':!.,•■ ■■ :■-. : •■ So that it bad then undergone two filtra ions ? What.tlifn?-It then was filtered through paper and (he whole evaporated Ir is still one liquid, iiotwithstanlinßr it has undeignite three filtrtitionn. but >ltj oima lqaid; what was done then ?—That was evapuruiei in a water bath. •■ . • Its bp'k was reduced, but, its component part* remained the same ?—■.Yes. Tie Judge: Except tbe water beinor evaporatcl I~ Tiiero is not only tho water but all the ilqUld. ,••■; ;:■.■•. To what condition was it evaporated, to drynws ?—Not quite. It had a ttrong syrupy art* ' pear an c. ■• • '.■ ~.'.,■ p By Mr Pmilb : FometViing- of the. consistency of treacle, wosit]—Yes. ju«S about that con»L<teticy. This extract, you iniy say, was then trented with an excess of potiai. What do yoa m*an by treated—you mesn an «xce-s of p )ti3a was put «o it \ — Ye«. What do you mean by an excels I—When the Kolotiort begins to act ns alkiline to lint papers. ' A t st paper U stoioed a blue vegetable color? —Litniu9 paper is. 11 you use the red papers ihey bjcom'! blue. By the Judgj: And turmeric turns bro*n \ — Yei». , By Mr Smith : The potass was to neutralise tlie tartiric acid ?— its Bat still you had all the materials as before t— Yes. Bnt rendered a'koline Instead of acid ?—Yea. You understand we have lost noitii gofth' original animal matter yet!-Ye*. When this wafidiKe. The solution hid been made,—they j ■eft re thaken in a lonjr tube with a stopper on the i top oontuiniDK cqu'il volumes of ether and chloroform, j By the Judge; That is the whole mass was stuikenT—Ye*, in a ionp: tube. By *tr Smith.: All tbe animal matter wai theie? 'I he Juriee: All we have (rot Ss why patacs through the filter—the other is thrown nway I j mention that as tha fact— you assume tlie whole animal raattT wn« there By Mr etinith: Nc, Ido not; I will explain You have explained you have Hr.it iiige teil the miis<; yoa Hralnei It, and got rid of tna sub j-tnnce, and then you threw that away anil had ibe fluid. Kid not that coi.tun animal matter 1 —Trnefls of anttnal mvter piss through the pacer, but that dfifs not rani tor. I will go bark to tho time of hi ilint;. You have taken it all off fie tiro; tha liquid portions : only have passed through the musiin. lo:s it j not contain a grent quantity of animal matter ?— j It will contain some animal nntter, . Will it not con Lain a ornol deal ? -No. Tli-re ii an oance and <i hatf of liquid from the ttonmb, to which you add half the stomach oat Qf, and h:ilf the liver chopped up; to that yon add distilled water How much would be added 1 —Prohattiy about ihrce tint » a tumbler full. That is simmtrcddownl— With tertariu acid and npirits. W"Uld not that decoction—the liquid part—be strongly impregnated with aulraal matter 1 —So, not itronely impregnated. Posy that appears to be a matter of common j renoe Tell ns the whnle nmnmit of animil , tna'tcr. Tbe stomach docs not lwolf dis-olve— tho stomach ix a ifecna; it is nothing but n mem • brane of which it is forma<l ) ■ O;rttinly; mid there was a portion of liver, but the prooe*s to which it was subjected in this presense of alkali crave a *olu'ion wh'ch was la that case almost entirely iranepirent ■ o not yoa recollect telling us ja*t now that after tbe iiquW was strained ir. wa< evaporated on nwaierbath and reduced to the con •is'enpy of treitstc I—The consistency hut not the color. Do ye« mwßn to any in that sttb<tance w<k not cintainod a v ry considerable quantity of animal nntter In propurtion to tho buik-1 -A'o, not In that case. How do you tell that?—By tha rolor. By the Jti'lae: You mean after three flUrations it would not coalain a considerable quantity 1 No. By Mr Smith: H«ve you ever analysei (Wflsrent kinds of water?—l have, in"»ny tinjes. Tbst ia n very de!ic»te analy Is ?—lt I*. You way have wuter wbieh'yoa miyhld up to the light in a glass which may look perfectly pellucid, and even then contain n great many elf mint I—Yc«— you may find nolti'i it; To take a case—h'»w many constituent ele--*iißnt«ar(» there in water—cm -non water—the Water (f Leith. for instance ; whit wou'd you pxpect to find in tho Water of X«eitb!—l do not know the water. Tbe Yarra wafr—what, do yoa Consider the clet»Bi.t3of It; jou have analyse! iti—l have many times. The Jttigc: You would see all sorfs of horrid animals. Mr Smith: Toat is under the oxy-hydroxen micros-one. The Witness: Do yon mean below tbe breweriea and j annerios 1! Hy Mr Smith: No, say twenty mles above JCclhournr !—You jjet about twelve craiosof The Judge : I do not like to check a Counsel ia bi« examination, but really thU looks like wos'in? time. Mr -Smith : It has this bearing. Dr MacaJara nays he witt tnke a ffliv-'* of pure water and hold it up to the li.tr.ht, and although It seems clear, there a>o a cre%t many impurltie* in it ' The Witneiß : The flail wa« then shiken in n lons glus-i tuna with m f? asn stopper ia it, witb, eqnil vo'uirnes of ethsr and chloroform. I Tell us what wa^ ths result?' Tbe strychnino {< dicsoived 'tit of the material and pisses int'i theetbsr solution, which then floats on the other; Upon what other?—fjpon any crude roatttir which may be in the tMutinn. 1" c Judge : That i-t if it esis's after mlxtuKs with the potass solfltioa and fl jits on the norface." :' ■'■ ■' ■'' ' ~.'■';■; Mr Smith : Am I descriHnir ths p'oopsa iw saying that the other «eii:s the strychnia aaS rii-es io the surface holding tbe Bjrychuia io solution'! Yes. '■' By the Judce: T t comes to tbe aarface by m superior lijzbtno-8?-Y«-«. - _• ] By Mr Smith: Doesn float above thecbloroiform, or Is it in combination?—ln combination with the cWorofo'm ■; And do they unite I—You can ecarce'y mark s lino of demarcation between them. ; I want to know, do Dot chlorfoTn nnl ether, when shaken together, to nni<* that they do not do anything like' separate1!-1-have nit tried tbe experiment to see whither they separate in con me Then what I want to asbCTtain i*—the oblor«-------rorm and ether are tnixed an I form one ooinpotsnd ? y»s butnotinthntrue«enMot fheterm. ' > The Jadare.:■ They donofcform■;»new ohemicM eoropoundt— No.- :- .';. :■■-■■■■■ '■[ ■ ■ ■■"'•, :.' m J . One would w>fc fl)at. above the other J^Not; immeifstely, bat I bsvo not tried ad experitoeiat 'wb«tber they would eventually separate. •■!;.. Bat for the pnrposea of thU procesi 'they are united? —Th*y areuix»d. •: :■ :.■•■■ ■ :'■'■ •:'--;1- '■'■■'i-'-'ii■.'. By Mr timith: What w the next procews ?■— Th^relsnowat thebe'tom thoootafcs. . ■■: : That was Milt whan it was shaken "%— in pxiae of potsai and tartoio aold'andanyMmiiiijiiipß: ! 'W|,|<»^;; '■■^Wtkt^do you; meto-by t^B?-Verymiajlkte-- -■'-. Thai joa:'' «f»v; nbt:::sn» :^of :>!rU|;.of ■..

all unimal matter? —There will be noos vlgi-;wf.r-v: ■•.' ■;.•>. ■ ■:■,,■:■ i-,.. •.-i v;.-' ■...■...>..! : l';B.not you tbink that it inconsta'eat vrith whit-jon Srat slated ? It you look tn.uk at iho sacqrtalve Mages—my .first question wsi. .?•!«■ not ilw oij ct ot both processes to satisfy llic saHxtical eh mist. that ha ha* nothing bat. itrjrjinifle, if strychnine i» thtr<>f°—l taid fnme-thing-.very differect. I tald that no residuum of jiricgniae exists. -~■•.■■.?' ; :. ■'■ ~•■ i , JJ|> you -fi>n'- the jury »o understand the dry i r-'siiuum tuav he etryclinia, and eevara! o'her i thicita besides?—there m»y> be a tli^ht pro- j portion of alkali, for aomoUm< bit is digfsted in ! ntkuti :-, ;.•;■;■•■: ■■ >•.■'•■• ■• ■ ■-;■■ -■■•■•:- ■ -luy otbera«bst»nceßlr-No, I'believe not. , Yon believe no(—•butyou are a man auppo:ed tobje fttHy acquainted with the subset and to talk of certatnHev not inatt-ra of Belief?—-If you proceed I will teil you the stase when it may be a««>rtai»ed to contain strjoboifliy .. You tay at tbebottom wtro po'assi,Bnd tartario Bcii) I~\ikJ thin is, may b», a little coloured.. Thin floa iog liquid—how do you proceed with .!»■!■-'bat ts drawn up by a pipette or tube. In thtii case, a long tube. You lorop.r it down until yoti eet in into n lonnr tube, and then transfer it It is a kiad r-f nypho'i you use for drawl- g tip the ethrrlal solulton—-what did you do next?—• Having takm as mach fluid as you can take wj'htmt; tikiujr the materials below, that to ev«p<>r»tcd in iv>ltr bath. . ] 'Let an uuderctand wbat fvaporated in a water { ha ih: menus I —lt Is pliscod iv what is termed & I capsule- -alitt'e tvaporatinjr. basin- { And that ia pnt into a watT bath, which you j detcribe ai a liitle tin thiog ?—Just like a cube of tin. With n sheet of water round i ?—Tho iniido is air—with an opening at iho back.; That ia placed in a-stove I;— Over aa orgaad gas lamp. "o that Inside when the door is shut, s romtant tfimneratnre of 212 Aegrtta is krpt up ?— Yo*. > Tliis li'tle cup contain! g tbe ether tolution is pot in there to be evaporated I—Yea, By tbe Jutipe:- Is it c vapor a tod to quite a dry- J TOB-t~Not quite a drjneß*, for it then becomes ; ies soluble, but nlmovt to that. I I« that what you o II the residuum?—No not i. »be flosd residuum. This extract is then treated wl'h the absolute alkali. By Mr Srai'h : You mean (hat it [a pat to it — tin it if, perfectly pure alkali ? -Yes. What is that for?— That is to dissolve out the strychnine fr- m this paste a* it were. The Judge: Strychnine being soluble in alkali. iJy Mr Smith: I ar.!?'stand you tosay it was pat into a water-bath in tbe form of a solution awl evaporated not qui'.« :odrjnc_ss—lt fs pisty? —Yea nhnclate alkali is added to it, and tho res- «<!> and its content' betted. Has ot> tb& addition of alkali nt t'sat stage, tliie (Oei't of making It mote HquM ?—lt doe*. ■ Noiiiinar Is precipitated by the alkali?— SJarc*ly anything I* anything—how Joea tbe alkali act ? —lt is a solvent of strychnin. The Juige: It is a solvent of strychnine. If; onysuMance w re present not solub'e iv alkali it would fall down. By Mr Pmith : Wbntd it?—Tt would. , I very rau-h doubt it; alt the mtterlalK ia the ether solution you put into tho lone stoppered tnbe, snopoantt, tho etbor had seized the strychnine "i -Yea That Btrychn!n».was held in solution ?—Ye«. And yon put it in th« lit*to tobo ? — Y«j. f-o th'tt you hnve got nothing but c her and utryohainc, and ch'oroform 1 I mill there might be traces. Tlie ohsilutc alkali ls»dded, aau tb« little ye*** I put into the water bnth You «ay you do not know whether there weni unites of aniuinl matter I—There raicht havi> Ibecn. bat the oroosss I am speaking of is U> remove them Do ynn awear pi»itively 'hat tho addition ofab> •olutc alka'i afur that liquid cante out of th« water buth in the shape of a paste, would eliminate alt the animal matter, and teparnte the Mnc'mine from thennimai matter—would it have tini «fl'Ct ? -It would. : You »wear that positively t.-It would, when ttili is planed in a water bath, merely to bent, and jitirred wi h a kleies red to make sure that glryeh:nino is rlis-uilveil, and the alkaline solution in til- \ tercl th'otißh paper. | By the Jud|?c : After bpintr heated '}—AfUtr I elnii hented, io rasko an olkaline solution of the substance. After it subside*), the filiation (a lit the top. and we may drow it of aa before. l|n thi» case, I drew it nfl out of a small tube—th<m tbin akaline solution in taken to dry ness in a wat:r bn»h in another vessel. : By Mr Smith : Will you describe wbat it Jonked like, what it was put on, what space It coTered, aud so on I—lt did not cover very mu.jh space. Have you got nny xlideH. You usually depoiit I on a K'aiia ?— No, we tike tlie material out of the vfffol it has been heated in for the test*. BylheJnljie: Yon bave Rot U> the residuum?— Yes, to be ml j Cte i to the t:sts. [ •■ fy Mr Smith: In what vessel was il con*aln«d ?~ln a porcelain vessel. , Was it a small porcelain vwssl yon pat in tbe ' water b^lh? "Ho, il was then placed on atihect of g'ass. Hy th Juil?e: Tb!s reeidunmt — A few drops, of alHaii we abided, and It can then bo taken op, By Mr -mdh: It 1« put on elasi or over the por- olain I —l forget which. If it is on g!aw,| 1 put a (sheet <>f white pnpir under it. For wbat? To enable ra to see It. W * there any appr clalile tbloknesa In ihe depont to make it apparent to the nakod eye '!— 1 o'iul't fcareety «ay I »aw any deposit. ' By the Ju Jge: Is w.is a very small quantity 11— It was a mifiute obaourity, which you scarcely recogniie ax'cxtßtintr. ■ ■■ \ B» Mr Smith: 8o that whan you talk aN»ut R^tiini* a reisiduum, it is a thing whloh i» ojjly clarly di#co erablb under a microscope?—Or by the application of direct testa for strychnia. Is not my description correct —a mere smetir f —H fsa thin fi m. "Do you anpuove that 3'm deposited on the dlna* w»a one-sixth part of tba thickness of on ordinwy wafer 1 -I don't think ft wai. Not one twentieth part?—l <v>ald not "ayThen ibi* is al you got ?-Y«,. with the exception that tbe small p<jni'>n ot alkaline natal in the vecel was placf i on a pi«ct of platinam. ; Th's result w that ft haa the appsar*nc« you, nny. to somethlnz like black tntoke ?—Ye«, Th-re i» not'iing very pucnliar ahontthati — Y»s there i«; it point* out It is a knowa volatile substiiice that c*n be carbonised : H<>w iQiny fubstance* in tbe human stomach are there of that character. If you put i»ny sub^tanoe on tbe pla'taurn fait woeld ilt notbdra and sujokeT-Ifit were canwa sable. -i Ifyonfodnd it wf.nM not burn^wanld youiaay It cannot be strychnine? -V*». •; TaVea by itaeif in that in Jication worth «,nything? -Not alone. Ul» a necesaary itf*t. i How rfid you apply the ta^te te^t I —By wetting my finger an«l pottlfigr it t» my lohrbio. ij: W'mt was tbe taste 1 -Hx!remeJy bitter, i How do you know you had not pot quintn<! ?— Because on the application of the four real. (Bite fjr.sfyehntae and thj color tmt, In all of w hi«h -—■ - '. ■ ' '.'-. i, ' '■■ - ■ ■■''■■■ ■'- i-' ■ ■ An yoa preparei to swenr that that bitter Uste wm tiot produced bjquWne?-I am. ; Why! Because I cot tho other four testa which are ch*Mcteri»iio «f (he preseace of stryohuino. All the color testa? -Yem. ." 4. Putting them out of tha question, and UXmg the'bitter U<te quinine would accauut for <|hat) —It has a^bitli'-r'tiste. •',■■ . ; ••::.■ ■■./■ .;(- , N«t intensely bitter!—Wojf.aetlilnff-.j.liJW gtrjehnine. ..•■■ ■■.•••: . ■:.•• '■■.■,■■■. ■', ■•".'■ - -. 'r: : -j We will si-e what FrewnJu* say*: -"Crjwtalis&i quinine appear either in the: form of jpuro cryttailne n-edei of s»uy luttreV wliloha^jfre. qu»ntty aagreiroted into tufts, or aa a Imib mam powder." "The taitO; of qahiirie is intefwelr bitter"?—Jttit come tonwjcoßlno., J ,_ i i' : . The ".Oavauel refewtd tottearticle " otryoo- = By Mr Fmitli: '* Tt has an cxoeedinsrly bitter laste." Tel me theoifieteuoei-Imeroiyj'JuaßC by my:.own*xp«ri«ttce.. ;*;::». :■.-■■ ••'■ '.■■:-■ '^■■±il<!±j--'-: By the; Ja gc: Yoa have taiied both ?.--Ye«..-, Qaititoeoftctt-atryelinioe frequently. _. i By Mr Smith: la tbero aoy usßealil»l dtffiireaee betwien the two word* «'exceedtoßlj" «nJ! ; :"in-, teostiy." You are wejj wquwnttd witis lan|{aagc,

irhich is the strongwt term *-! do not SBnpos* 'tieie is iDUohdiffttreaee. -,'■,..; >.'■>■':■',,. ']■.-..■ ' ■■■■•■ ;j 2o« Jud«* : 'Me hw not RMn hi» *few of ihm ; «|iffisivßce>(Hiwfen tbe mwiinje of iatenßiftintr Vrores 1- J udgfng by roy experience strrchninß Jim a muoh greater d«.«rce of bittcrocu tbaa •, (jainioc. ;•■ .'. ;:. .1 -■ ,< ,■■ . ; iJ ■;,: ~. ;: i By Mreir.l h: Wi4 yoa,«.'3mit the powTbitity <« yont mistaking quinine for atrychnfue. L'o ifou **y; thnt \ou would be guided exc(o«Te!y by liMie ia dljtlnpruiibins qainin« from "trjehnbae. ipculd you tnlie it »» a Pxfe |;uide ?—I could. ; *B' -for Ib. j purpostß of tvrewinz in a Court of: • Justice)< ■.■ . : ■.-,-. ■■ • ;. .. ■■• ; ~ -:. .-:\ , • Tho Judge: He has i>ald ho has form^i h!* ironelusions from all of the eishl te*U i Now to" if*V* he coald distinjtulßh between the two By Mr Smith: You cmnld Oi-th'gnish betwrea , the twot—Tliedifterenre I*, in r.trjebuiar having a hot as well as a biter tast«. There ia a teotv. ,Uon cf h*at as i t patues over the throat. . ' will hare a solution made, and nak the Jury jtotosteit, , ■ , V <tas\ Judgß: J rea"y * hoa' d Dot IJke tbe larT '■'>... Mr Smith: They may do a»tbey)lko about it. I shall ask them »odo sc. You admit that c mbuktibiliiy in only a test o£ what barn I—Yes. . i *' Micro-topic appearnnco through polaristtl 'Jijtnt'*— iou hnve adrcitted tbat might astnma thfl same appearance 1 ;|*o; 1 lisvt» have not. I [have: Bnid nhero in a distinf;uißhl(ig dlSerecea under polarised Hpht. Bxplaln it?—lt is a mere question of tne ey« aatheinstrun.cn1 revolve:-i.be radiation cf Iho i colors rs tiey pass like a rainbow before yo» f > I that present different appcaranefs. : , , : On that point I must take your word entirely 1 ;—-'»e9, un!e*s you havespe'i it yourwlf. ' Am I tight in sappo?ln(r tJmt in, tbe«e t«st»—• the color testf—yon place ths most reliance 1— . You feel on *afe, eround there, I g-uher from ; your fviiJenc«?—l do. • ■'. j Of course I assume you have go* the real trticlo when you rely on c<.lor tests. Suppose yon bare ; cot anyihinz cUe present on th<- same (flats; «reI there not other suWunoes wJ.irh may produce the same piny of tclon^ and m Bsiitfy the eya with tbe aiaalTsk ] -Not «ith the four testa combined. '"omhincd—tutyoudid nottako thnt ftct a' the result on your mind with the fcu'different tests £~ Yes, if you got these, taken altogether, I know of no substance, nor lias any other subHanoo ever been ancouno-d that presents tbe same appearance. .■..-•■ ■ ■ ,- . But in the grand labcra'ory of natnre, maythere cot. be other fubsta.nee* that would p-oduce tlio'o colors ? -That J do not know. M'tv tbiro not be in thi human be% alter dfatb? In tbe grave it tsdoo npoaed. I believa en.«co are produced.- 1 am golnjr to sh'w that there iss rt'gion aof doubt, and this geutkmaa cotocb nnd fiwcnrs there U no other eubs'ance. The Juilco: Tdc witi.css caya be known no other subttance, uor has any yet been announced that presents'hcsitne appearance. : By Mr Smith: Willyuuandartalteto B»y there may pot 1: •> found in the human stomsch, Trh*a chcoical nppli»nßes are improwl and paced ' furtbci than they have hr ?c to the present time— w<ll you rleny tbe pos';bil"*y of itisjernine subsi.inrps cMißiincr in the human frnme which at preifnt nrale^d the analyst, which produce Ots ; samn play of colors as is supposed to be proJuoctl by the rndiation of light from strychnine I—l cannot •teny that. The JuJge: You esnnifc into the region ot fpculaiio;!, After the <il»covericß of the l"Bt tiltyyeam it i» impos-ibte to sty what moy_ ti-.t-he digoov«red 1--1 can only «ny I hnva examine'^ I may aiy, lomt hundreds of stomvehs, end there Is no fucb sah-tancn known at i resortt. You uned chloro. ro-m—i« no' that a source of errnr as regnrds the color tea s?— o. Wlm ia chloroform uu»d for ia the ether solut'on!—To a«si<"t in the foiulion of Btrychnine. It. bis a arong solvent pftwer ?—lt has. It os4»ta in dletoiTing out the strychnine >—• Ye». »Jaa it not nko a »troni? nolvent poweron unme kinds of animal mutter which exl*t in the, human tody 1-No. I think not; lam not aware that chloroform Is n Bolventotftuiraol matter. Tha etber employed may, supposing a small portion, of fstty matter to bo present Arc you clear on that opinion % —Yes. Do you know what Taylor «*ys on the subject sa to iln'advi«jvliilitv or non-wlvisability of uiing cHlnrorcm In Stan's process! I am not aware of .the p«saaf?e. " . Do you or do you not know what Taylor i»|ft on the aulject of. chloroform, a* to the advisibllity or iinn-B(lvi>abi!3iy of u«ing cblorotona in Stas*? pwees" 1 Inm nor. aw«reofthep»siuiga. 1 will rcr.d it, " Amnne tho numeroas mfw)lficatlnns Huirtc^ted, the use of chloroform hull btetk recommcuded in place cf other, and In some cms It may tin preferable, but It excrti a lowerfol solvrnt notion on oil and' fat n* wsll aa other ■ org«nie matter, and on the whole I have not found It to posses* any advantage over ether ia (oparntinjir oiryclmia from organi'i liijuidji. It is», howfvir, a bet*er solvent of ihe pure alkaloil? — At tbe *t«!re we como to we had only traces of mineral substance.: . Exc?ptin|sr filtration t—Yes, exiept merely Th« chloroform would pk-k It up?— Thoslhcr. Ts Tay'or ri«ht or wronnr—He imy* the nse of chloroform oa?lit to bo avoided because it takes it Thn.J'nrfd' 1: Thit does not give adeoided condemnation of .Ixloroform. ,* ..-»■■- Mr H^iith : He sayf> It U to bo bo avoided. The Judge : He does not. f The Witnee^: I a«rce with tvs majority of ebemi'ia, who almo't invismWy adopt it -■ By Wr Hmith: But l)f>th exerci«e tba eolvant powr-wbat I* the reason thit you said the mlx'uris of cblorofa m and ether dbuolved out tbn stryrbni* t—l was quite right. It does dis-: solvfl cut the strychnine. ,'„,'• At tbe Bime time it takes up nnimai msttter?— You forget tbe solution contained only «racea. You foirßCt the *olu<fon wa% boiled first, and then you must remember you bad caustic polaak But you have added chloroform and ether la that paoty sutwtance which came oat of the watrr hath?— With the pjtwh and tartarfo arid Is rot the effect of the addi'ion of chloroform, *uppo«l'>e strychnico to be there, to dtaolve fattr »nd other organic matters there ?~lf they were then*. _, „ Whn» is tho reason yoa *ay, If they were then- ?—I hnvo admitfed traces. Is riot thin tJe ca«ej tha onlr process until thi« time wa» boiling down?—Ttsre was tlm adili ion of tbe potfls". . ■ ■■■ _ __ But ih'y are there?— You Bstc r»rl»d wltli Yon supponcd what was visible to tho eye was Fprnove-J by filtration, but when you have gob the clearest liquid iou can possibly have, must it not enmain a quantity of animal matter ?—Mo. Th*n filtration is •ufficteat to remove animal nnb»tane«?—You mast remember there Is'art ,' alkaltaeTeafmentflnt. ,^ „ v Th« Jnage: Tell the jary how alknlj wotdd operate on animal matter—what won Id alkali, with fatty matter make?— It mak««B<wj>. ,■.-... . Mr Smith: And tnat would be solnWe i»v, ; water; -: It wonld, but we are dealbg with ethex and chloroform., . / . .. : Yes. both powerful folvent* of animal mstterYoa nay that the etber and chloroform'-.ABwes tt* , utrych'ine-hiw.. l« ft it.does not do the »aa» with fat«y or other m-»ttm?~Pota«h formswKip when in contact with fatty matter. : :. I know that, I will make * solution of swp lv bo* water and: put that into ether and eWoroform, and pat them1 into is bottle tad/*hake them together-will it remain'-.toapi—lt^^ wilt remain guap, .' ■■■■'■.' ~ ' :■. *'?' ■'•' 0 ■vr'S'i "-:>.■• !«•■•'- ii:V ; \o« areewtaltfof ihafci—Ycßi .::,■.■■«:■•■ :v ■■•:;':. TUe ether and fibloroform srill not teparate ta* «oapJri»m the alkdi^those two;powerful Ml* Tents will not act on the soiatfbn of no«p m as to separata tha (Jonrtituent elfment* of »oa? «s« potash and fatty^maltar? -W«* if tine w»P |» m»nofa«nredprDperiy* Bofciyou fdrg^taere w an ulterior proßew which d«ipo*"3 of! amraat; ' ■i^t^::-thi'dj^tton.wUh',aikaUi^.:--,'>i^i: f-r^i'.vf- •• AlfcaK itM ho;'wtaretinjr op«r*tton» «•• ** 'jT^"-1 It takca up the noitnil mattcr<sßj.aaeparMW loB;;

Sepvuie* t** *«rjcbßia frot)« otner «bfep J* the mm »onti<m?--i«s;tbep, on W»« uuitna** taafe,jiaJ» ctbssinsd •ft«ft»ii»(rtt««Mb«*••»*« tkmr t*m, yoa »*« ro.\phnfse Mid. It w>y antaal titatlor r/»*in» ihin witoai auUUr *ouM b* eh&rretl »nd wcoW be aeen. 0o yea tin sulphuric aoi<J In Sm«'« proetwrIn *fc« fMir tf»u- Oh the final Uat to/." 0* »htib«r atiy»Bii»>s! m*tut la ptevtft*. If It m itto ta in mii«ftl mztwwhtit you apply '«I.f^« nUUtc* was ©ad*, #r all -tbe atir!.*' Bi*tUrifOi ■wliWftwo, »lere would be b'acl'wr-tr *»«» suluiwiifl JW'W w»» »ppll*«t fa e»c!i«f tbe fonr ietu Of <b'» I vrti 'tuhika btfon .fiwrtdiur iottmetovrttets, I*l' 1a*«l *et fceen Mtlfled I ufcoaW b»«e t*kfn i»t*l»c« to rtaofo (t. T» «o»*Wer IB*- value, of the* »l«r :itm» on wbleb, •» I tinefntuiKl.'-jeU1. riluee fvar rbilf «liaiice?-Jn.mjibiii&ti(jn wl!b tJse other eight test*, ■' " '"'' ' Tbo Joejie : ll* ban *»«<-k t» tbat altoceiher; th« whole itnof of hisevldccee la Hat ibcfight toJta Jotjtt it Ulen t firthw, »» mo otbir lubitiaico -will e'nuri thim F«r tbepurpoiie of tbe tr.t>iuihatU.i> we tn»y leave out th'^ four list*, I iMnt 10 iiK.w tilirt iir thevntiieol Ibe color ttcU. Ihtin ye rj-ptumctß prcikcid upon what you cell tie riitiduom, on the application cf re-e%*ut» t>ueh «* rbrcmate of pol«s3, per* «nanp*r.«ite «f pofana, fmit-yanWeof potatiluw, peroxide-'if fi-ad, Uncxldo if nmngiine*c. />» •*!«*« t-rccure 1» violet bue ?n tbc first SntUcee i —•A Lite }uni'.:iu into lite violet. By tie Judaic: Do jou call tbof« colors iirWewcrit. chaiift'wg a* yf a vl< w them I—Yt* ', tJlo ren»Jt h Ibe »anie niJfc all tJ»c sobstunceit. By Sir tjuiih: lio you kr.ow whst Tuylor l>a# afcout color HHa ?—I hut wiifnee *h« ralmtr tml, —-fesßiooclt na Hetapnth »afd he 00/jht lo have fcood »(ijcb»ia. atd put 'or'h nrjctigly tfcevalue of color tc*tf—lie ban iasht;r altered hi- ofnn'oa. «id has tiUUd it! 0»« color teUe rou»t be t»b«| oitairifd in a v«ry marked manner, *r be woa.d isot be icclii *.d to relieve Herapaib'a elaument Itial be cf uld d<tect fc Cftj-thcn».bndtb part of a «isniii ty ibcHi »b tree „ , . I» that (ilLhe *ay*?---TJiat i* about all, but etljtr iivfift atiihoiitfe* ttill island to it. I cm tatkiEK abtnt Tajh'i'!—He fa laboring umfer q pnjudlce ugainst tb*m awl other outborilic^. , Uo not tnlk about other oattonties; we have j&ot ih«i« before w — v' Tbe Jotfgs: Wo hdve r,ot Taylor before us either. The witness in quite conipcttnt to iitate lam otiinion 6« to his egnemmt with Tay'or. By Mr-taith : At pafje 785 he *aj», " There aro ro (iljfclionn to thr-tc tc*t" whi-n wenre deal* ing with the pure aiknl'id. That f«, when yoo know ycu have obtaimd utrydinie, and are opersticK open it ?—! t can nrver tend to rohleod. With the purf all<aloj<l 1- Quite co. I understand jou to cay you do no* mean to asy jou had pot KotlitaK but pure strychnine 5n jour reatduntri?'l. have not. You do not pet a cliemicaiiy pusre crystal. But we have atrjebnhic I bad urjrle'Hlocd yoa profoJC^ to bavoon that pJasa nuibine but pur« atty hniue—but I underptand yea only mt an to sty it via* present there, and other thirips might be pr*«cnt too ?- I have a'so Mid it wiit'there, and cmld be dctc< Ud. But you do pet <Jtny other matters mi|4bt be tlicrt)- Thereiasfrycb&ine. I What— tlie pore alkaloid t—lt f« pmumed by j tticmiKte. when you have iho msterfal at that filsue, it I« pure. 1 went to (Jriw jour attention to tbia part, Profcsfor Taylor (» callisK attention to color tcBU v/hen you have jmrestrychnine I—Very well,-, I believe I hava pnie strjcbiine, aid I neiitve; -whea itpawes tbroueb that prrccm itlt is purer (ban when purchased. "And when we take c»re lhat tho more salient propertlcft of eryataluatiou ar.d tail© ore brought cut, an ■sifll an the prt iuctton of color. Some tntlisuiri'tic <:h«niii>ts hi»e proposed lhat we »-houl<i rtij^cn color alone, ond ihfy have aiiirmal tiiat !be»<s 1* no substance but strychnine which will prcdace with a mixture oftulphuiic at Id. and blcbrtma'c of (oicisb, ferticyonidc of pota*jioin f , or peroxide < f lend, the colors above describe!.". Tho refcaiclies of Bernard and Feliknn. publifbed in ISOT, hntejfSadc known lo the tcitntitic wo;'d that tbo Soiith-American poison "'curaia" conIsms on allmloitl, cutarum, which jeitmbk-s ctrychnine.in the actton of tbc color kiln, brucino In the action ol nitric add, and both in itw Intenfo ItiUcrntfi. Sulphuric arlrl givs a variety of ooloni wllb orß»nio subaiancta1'?-! said if eniraol iiiatter is present, a few drora oi oil of vtiHoi being: added, it wowid indicata it by •- c uipbu'Jc acid gives b vanity r;f colors wilh crganio substancts. Ni=rc«iße and papaverlue are reiidfred lyit l>!ue" ?—Strjcbnice dees not give you blue with «ulphuric icid, "tMUcna a^quinsapinliioh reJjpjioxantliino, a rich capphirc hlu.e eo'.or, Tilth varloos ahadra of purple ; cyclaroino, a vfofet red color; and cerebral matter, 0 Tiolct color, with varionn shsdenof red?— f ttycbolce will not Rive you any of these indications. But Uio-o aubstnnccs ate colored with tulphuric a«fd, irrtnpfciivcof the bl-cbromate of potash J - That is the point. " In all ihtsccaßs*, it is true a diHlnctlon may fcedrawn, providwl the «s<s:tl and the bi chromotf. be Beparaieiy cidi9r<], and iot teed in- a mixed atß.te, as recemmended ry • Uo, and some other analysts. 'Yet, tbo fact that such ft variety of colors 1« p-cduced by gutpbnricacid on organic imbalances, should teach caution in ordinary inferences from its employment in cases in which- we are operating on tho solids or liquids of o dfad boJy. On tbo wbo'o, In inedico-lega! practice, it would be unmle to rely upon colour thus produced in organic extracts, unless we bnvo the corroboration derived from. cryetaHne form and a bitter taste " 1 - Ju»t so. I mado Dr Mocadnm r.timit that quinine ia bitter In tatts ?—Hut it will take nont of the four teats. You observe there is cerebral matter there— ■willym undertake to Bay in tho procta<i of iiocomposition come pi'tioti vi this substance, if re-' solved into va% dors not find Us way into the Homacli *- These gns.es bo longer poasosa tbe propertlcH of organic matter. ■■ : Have you examined tbc crises from a d>ud fcodj?—l never took up n body for the purpose. Tlun you are rot in a position to say t— A chcitnist biiowH n hatt)iot<* cafes arc £ am only appca.ißj? to your knowktlß» as an expert?—lt is a very unfair experiment I should think. > Bather better than totting the contents of a stomach, I should think 1 —Tiiat is an act of ; duty. . ■■ | AFyou will not ■undertake to deny the possibility of the matter of which the brain ia com veil setting into shape, in the form of gas.—You i Know what arc called death worm?, I suppose ? i —Yes. I Tticao death worms arc supposed to ba loco- j motive, are they not—«ipablo of pansinsr from j cne patt to another?—l have no personal experience of if. You intiy as well o*k me for tjcn'rlenc of that aa the other. Tho possibility of the death worms destroying i cerebral nutter fir»t- •crawling into tin atomach bud depouiting their excrement —Jo you deny the possibility- of that ?—The posfibility of- it—iro you nwaro of ttio nature of the human stomach 1 —It is not yemr place to nsk me such que*tioi.>s. I am not putting these questioDt! toshow [ am. clever or anything of t v at sort. I want to know liow it is a man enn ni™ into this Oourt and swear positively to these things wbentlisre are till them pottibilitica In the balance?—Ha refers to «ffee<H. I refer to the cfl'ec.to that m»y be produced by death-worms. I* it notafiotsibility for them to deposit aoiae of the corcbrsl matter in the irtomach—:lo youuaricrtako to deny the possibility; tbst h nil I want to know?— Since you aak Jno ih» qaentioa, I say tbey conld not. Why da you ci<e that answer l—Yrom tbo snatomical/rlatlon that the bnseof thewkult bears to tbe month ar.d. from the rclaUons it bears to tb' 1 (rtoinach. Could tbey not fSnd their way through tbe process that paßiea through the nose ?-— rhora Is no comnjunieatbn between the nose and brain and skull. ■At all erenta, we have it recorded by Tsylor that cerebral matter will produce those various colors when proper agsntu ore applied. I will aak you this question—Supposing Mrs Jarvcy to bave taken two grains of quinine h i!f an hour before her death, will yon show me that either of your processes ia calculated to (?«t rid of thai 1-1 will not say that they would not. lon will not *ay that the bitter of quintoefa ■aot present as well es the bitter of atryobnxne 1 —»Yw. Do you know why you cannot say that quinine, Is not present?—l eiay it because thai quinine la

t^Wnce to »b« proccstt* wcoM lie diwclved, but 1 ocp'lwytti" ■*■ ■ ' '■ ■ ■ ■ • ■ ■ . fttpponnjr J<« I""! ftrjchaioe and qtiEcine loCitlher. itwt-utd riytoWe both—thcj were t>oib fc#Jd'iß-Mlttflon ?—■¥«.■■■, ' •■ •• •■■• ' ■ .Can TttJ tell.me why it to you do not mceced in cfUivp rid of qfoinise, coppcMtiig it tote ibire.— .W»y it fa that *hbrr of ycur $j»oce«<c* la not cnl~ coh.tetJ to pet tfd ol njainlue e» a tli*turbirp it«fla*»ce-»I should Jiie you to Ull me I—Tlie «r>j, ct of eiiibcr of the two procesiea »» app'fetl by £»|0», and •• applied by Bo^gcr* and (3irclwcod t i» to detect th« prwtnce f.f •iryeboißf, tot quinine, And 1301 qnfnice- that f» to f&jr the oniy (binß you trrre looking for/was utrythnine? ft was. Ho that alllthf* tinno, when yon were locking for Mrycbniice t»ieteißf|jhi. be quinine p«*enH-i will not ray it nsit'lit tot be present. ... I>!d yen do anything to get iH.-of tJ»e'quli.in»" —.Star* pr«c»» in purely lor ttryebnine. 3 o yen ibink the prorets wcold eiiuj.natc qnijrrst?—l thick fo, * , Hav«-youai.y doobt cf H— I •» iei-fiigyoor Jjuewledce or analytical ebf mistry—l dflutw your reliability a» an anaiytimJ *b«»fat. wbyto.it 'hat this pwna Jb not calculated to ■ehrafoat* «elnfpp, torpnsfti? it to be time I—The ptcctw Ji lorrfcte*'UnK»tJjc*"»''«:e.BO'<|'"oi«B- . ' . What wtn'd ba« detected H 1-7 here la no 1«t b« yet announced to detect it. I cannot under tlf*>eirciiiti*tar.«"eyou«ien!iai\ - Wbntwttild have ffcaMtd jou to have Rfttnd of the qafniin*1 to ftdiad certainty, io that that element »oi»M h»ve Wtn i xolu'-cd 1 I "ill put it In thV*»j---l will lain the matter at tlmt point (it which »»ma!l cake ci pat'c taken oat of ibe vnU-r lislli—yea add to tbat «qo«l volume* of etberar-dcMoroieisnflalfenSn tH» loa>ff ttepper lnfcf~*t (list poirit of time wfeat U*t applied would grt »id of the quinine, eoppoalßg It to be Ukw ?—My oljec w*» — , , lam fettling your knowlet'gß sb *ti analytical rboiu'st. You are tifre a* a well-furnnhcd idjalytfral cbrjnfet. I nrw «ay lhat you are icnoront on thin point, and I will prove it—The pueib*l uK-d w»» It own a* «b« standard pio «a*; ai,d in tre leridvuni, I Vo:.'t my # I wMit fo krow «lil« Was tbero aiytbwg t»ed fo set rid of isf> yet nine, mpj.oflog it to be ibe.e?— Fo. Or tbat voaJd b»TO bad that f fleet?— I ka« alrtor'y «id ibnt I fceh'e*e quinine fould have pone tl.ion«Jj the psowes acd appear in theresalt. J wast >o ree wbttbfr you nndemtna your trade. I don't beliere yon «'o. 1 tmfateftaitua to ice it cut wlib yon, Dr MacsciDtD, or ibis point, You r*rfictly iindcifland me I—l would not deriflfc ;lrcm tbc prcewe. I tcok the proce»« aa it ttaind*. If 1 had deviated from it, it may have be«n that my analysis might bore been doubted. ... i mean no diwe»pect: hot my otject j* toahow that ycur knowledge of analytical cbtmistiy ia not to \:e trusteiJ. I dois't aay this reproacbfnlly: Tnan.1? oibera, no doubt, would b« epnallj at <aoit. My oljtct j*-incre!y *o ihow the jary that ycur evidence is nnt reliable. I don't with to aflront you or !a»nlt you; but. believe me, I am in eaiuert, and do not wi»h to be tsktn us being att>ihfD2 ei»e. The Crown Prosccntrr; I dpn't ccc why my frieud nbould treat the witnets in this way"! MrrmUb: I w«« peshapE, tcoworm. iioyou accept tbat apolopy, Vv Macadam I—l *nppose it ia aWo'titely nccc*Kary I fhontd. That, howevf r. dota not divert me frsrn toy object. 1 atk apain, having auived at tbat st»«e of the prcetef, bow, as aualytical cbtroitt, you would pet rid of quinine, jupposing j.on bad reason tuiwpeet it» being there?—l bttvcalteaiiy etfiU'd the prcecet 1 adopted, and I am tot prf |*!tr'(! tt> atnte a modification of it. Tlie JwUe: Th» qowtion ie, supposing you had suipected quinine, wheiher there is any proc»aa to pet rid of it ?—Tliera is no proce«B at prestnt Isncnrn, calculated to Ret rid of It. Mr f miih: I-upposinß I caw you opcraiing on tliis atomacbofhat it bod been fent to job. (ot the purpose of aseertaininf? whether strychnine was prwent—tbnt you had aiao reccito'l this ciution, " J>,r Macadam, there inayeleo be the tie:enco of ntrjehnine; but rt it is an Intense bittes, the tnste of it might mislead you._ Capt, Jaivty ißsertu that it is quinine which gives the bitter taste ; therefore, you must use tome ie*t for the purpose ol ascertaining if quinine ia present, and forgetting rid of" it If it it present." Wtiat V!ca d yon have done? -I can answer you from personal experience. Sines I came to Duneriin, I have taken a mixture of quinine and strychnine ; I have applied Sh«te»t ipratryebnine, and I haveobtnlned it aspo«iliv^ly rs pf--ible. You tee, yoo bejrin at the wronjr end—l f»y lhat ihe pretence of quinine dcci sot i.fleet my expt'tirnent* for the Cetection ot ttryebnine. Have you tdfdto ditectnny in «ha huniaa *tiroach i~ 1 (!ontt fuppewe, unleß"s I went and j-oltoned a woman, tliat I could gt t at that process. It in a pity we cannot pet a woman to try tbo experiment?— Well, you teem to have inoh tn in lores' in is, ytvi might try It yourself. Tliank you. But you hove not naswered my qticslion. ,AI; that stage of the process, what could you fiOT'e douc to get rid of quinine to n dead certaioty! . Tlie Judge: He lias said lie does not know. Mr fcmitu: Will, Dr Macadam, I hope you will not be < fi"jnded if I undertake to eniigbte» you. I will a^k ;ou this—At tbat atage of thn prooe.ti» when you bad committed ether and clilo.i form ia (his patte, woulJ Ibe addition of bicarbonate of soda have eliminatd the quinine? What do you say to that I—l cannotsay, under the elements that were present. You will remember, you bad potash present in execfts '< — > do, and I remember that it ia in eolation, mixed with ether and chloroform. I will go back to the bottom- the acid" solution, when you bad first nrixed your Jartario acid, that is the etage at which, accoriiner to roy limited knowlti-Jge of the sul jaet, I would have Eckctei (oreliminating thoquinine, tuppoahg it there. Would not the adciition of bicarbonate of soda to the nrid solution hive eliminated th; quinine?— I emmot say .from experience. It would be perfectly speculative lor me to say, when ia the presence of potash, wbich eliminates them botli. You have pointed out, according to_ Presenius, the distinctive group to which quinine belongs na compared with, that to which i-tryehnino belodrs. Knppoting you had qainina held to an ao'd solution, wonld not the addition of bl-rnr-bonato of aoila have precipatated tho quinine? — It iconid. So flint it h on the bottom of the ve:ael; and, >, by pouring ott the liquid, you get ths quinine l'urely eliminated from all other ma'tera thai were mixed with it ? -' - '■ " The judge: Allow me to -oucrgeat thnt the queotion herdlv goes to the lrorklng out of what you wr.nt. Bis position already is, tbat tbe^ rotation it! Ireatc' wtlb potav*, ttn<i that t' c (fleet of that would be to separate the quinine and the strychnine. My meaning is, I suppose, it is acid. Still, on the whole, qminino is held in acid solution— no neutralising agent ban yet been used; thfn you put ia -bi-cjirSMnute of coda instcod of potass (or the purpose of taking ap the quinine 1 -> on ivooli! have liisFolved quinine out with bi-car br>nnte of soJa. That 5s to *ny joupreeipilatpd It? —Yes. • And by pouring the liquid off yon would have • rcm«ved'ths quinine from the pipette t —No. As the solution n rendered add with tartiric acH, ' the bi-enrbonate of a >da if added would bo <le ccmr'OEC'), aitl would nut operate aa s solvent to quinine, and yon would sever detect the presence of quinine. Tiiot ).a the usual mulfcof adding an alkali to an acid is it not ? </uUe so. The Jttdfie: 'I'litn it would not operate on the quir.ine?—ltwouH cot. JBy Mr Smith : Why not I Then it would not operate aa » solvent f r the strychnine You puf ihal1. deUbarateiy forward a« your opinion n»an analytical chemist?— Deliberately. Do you with to make any alteration on whit yru hsvo fafd 1 If tho bi-carbonate of soda is cfecomponed it loiw Its virtae, while at the same time it woa!d lessen the tokent action cf tbe acid on the atrjehnino. Good irrncious ! I am supposing it was not there \-t dare aavy you would be glad it waa not there. The JurJfie: I dare aay weabould all bo glad if it were not there. By Mr Smith: Do you think it is proper for you to taunt me 1 j Mr pKndergast: He is not here to answer a question oa morale. Mrßmith; I b»a your pardon. 1 have a right to a«k a witness a qaection on his demeanour, and I wilt do it. I am Rorry to see such, animus on tbe part of tlio wltne*P. Witness: I ma sorry that yoa thjnk I, staffed any jjnimui!, ,

tbe 3*S&i'l tbiuk a pewon may be«tensei! matting B»elm i#pty undtr »fcs«lCTO*«-exatniJia-B«»itb:'I uiulewtccd you to **ye ««c«**l*e fl!«»tiw»Bi «cd depc«tion« of tlie *iloto aeh after two»cow' df«**tio», p-o«!»dnir. ** jca aitv iniiia. acolorlei» liquid—th»t i« »ii»an ScTd loJntiou. i' it rot» I irlll tnppvie I ant by ytn wteu you hare got tbat; tli*» I tell you it Ja •wid liat oßlynniniw-.*** fekeni—l neyer aaltl oaily atrycoßree, I *aid sUycbnine wa* diieohred .in thenii«t:ure. :'■ • ..'!- *■"_■■■ ■: _ :.■■_' Yoo tails cf rtrycbnfoe a* ff yon bad got ir Jo bfjsin witfo. Wo are bl the corajaenceroent of ibe prewißy a»d it v euipwed to be «r<kuown )« the antljit what he biia got. He bas dlpi'tttd apoi'ton ar.d1 filtered the liquid, snlil, by ancceiHve iftraUona, iti» a limpid and calorie** HonSd; but it Uan a«ld aolotfen of foinetliloi?. It i» »itl by tbe p«r«jn accniM, *hat he only g«ve bla ■wife a <?o»e of fluinine. Cai»rot yoo apply fOtne t»t.wh!rb.«ill dttett tb*t ekmu.t in t»9 WqrMl I n^k you nijaln, wbttber, if you htd appllert bicartonate of io.jp, it would b«ve amputated the qultiiue!—l iJiOMld tleu htTe teen depaiting «om■ *ttac I it ow you «(mid; bot would It have nad tbe eff.ct of tic owing down tbe quinine:—l think it vtiy qn«t"oo»isle. Y«y qnnforiable ! Ibat «» a very qoetuoaab'a tnkwei—it Wiißl.t fee Utktn ary way Jo yoa, a «oi*iiid, concct. and aecu>ate analyst, ■wii-b it to be taktn «*own t» an answer to my anetfon? I think the effect of tbe addition of M< »jloust* of io»a to that ?oy co"oric»» liquid, would be tlif tbiowirpi'owitt of the quinine?— Ar»l I ihi)»k it vny aueatiwiable. ■■ . ■ Ibe Judge: You hove (old n< that one difference betwi-cn qntnine ard it<y buioe ia tbat tliycbnlßC ia precipitated ly iot»»i--tbit lo:n mi.y te prcciritated by potasa, but that »tryehnine csjinotlwpreclpitakdby bicarbonate of loia while quinine*an. Mr EmitbVptO|Ojiiioa is mfa; — Biforc yon prcce«tl-dto deal with the pnta*» at all, if you bad nusptcK-d the prwence of quiulne and desired to fe»t it tbroujtn tbo exhibition of bicarbonats <f icde, if yta bad then treated it with that bicatbonate ? Meinjt tbat ft would not have attacked the strychnine, whether it weald not hivegotrid of the quinine*—The quinine would have wparatfd witli tbe enrora o' tartui —with the carbonate of *odi—witb ibe aaltr it would bave been precipitated in those circumstances. MrßmtoU: 'i'batia what I have been ende«.vorioi? to arrive at all tbU time if—l did not nnccrUnnd j*u. '■■'~* ffad you treated it witb bicarbonate of *oda at tbat stage, you would h> ye eataWiahed the presence of qainine If (here, but as it woa. tbe procfrs you used would not have got rid of the duluine at any stage ?~Ko, it was for strychnine I lefted. . So that the quinine would remain to tbe end in year residuum t—l believe the process would not thoroughly destroy it. I thisk it would go through iho procetfl to the end; but the thinjr never hee been tried. You have never tried whether this dawSflcalion of Preteniua'a 1» correct? —I am satisfied that wliat bo says I* a fact. Did you bring with yon any, of the residuum obtnincd ?—No, nona. You did not, surely, me it all in the process wbicb was bo highly satisfactory to youraelf ?— Ye*. What wan the size of Ihe «econd residuum: was it as Imrgc r« tbe other ?—Yes, about the same me. _ , And you wiped it all ofl'-Yes, TJie lecond process won t«eatabli*h tbe flrat. Did it not tttiUe you, when you were eomiojj into a court of justice, to give evidence oa v trial Involving; the life of a ffilow creature, that it would be desirable to satifliyithe jary, by brin«inpr before them the material found, and paying "Here gentlemen, I show my color-Ureta. You me that what I say fs trnts." Why did you not *.'o that? —B*causo tbe L«;rd Chief Justice of England, Lord Campbell, refused to admit experiments In a court of justice!.—(Applause-) The Jud«« : I wi'b the police would &pp«hend every peruon disturbing the Court. I unuerstond on a fo-iner occasion they did not do «>. I wish the Oommwioner of Police would take mticeof it; it i* their duty to brißß forward any person diniurbing the Court. By Mr Pmitb : That last ar.ewer of yenrs has called forth the applause of the crowd and the rebuke ot Bfa Honor, is which I coincide. Ia it a true answer 1 Do you mean to tell me the I/'rd Cb!ef Justice of JJngland refused to allow a witnens to bring in a residuum, and t,how to tbe Jury " He'e, gentlemen, is a portion of what I foond, and I applied my color tests, and what I aaw of color ia true, and the carlwniaation is true." DM Ibe Lord Chief Justice refuse to admit such (irnionßtrntinn as tbat I —That is a different sort of evidence from what .yon spoke of. \ V*hy did not yoa fcrinp over one of those glaj>ts; why did not you do tbio; Snytoyoureelf, I orn going to be called as a witness in Duncdirt; t «til not use the whole of the«c two residuums, because I am expected to convince other men's minds by my evidence, and they would like to have the evidence of their own senses Why did jou not bring half of each 1 — dimply because I have never seen testa applied in a Court of Jostle. Do you mean to Bay Hi*. Lord Chiff Justice refuiira to admit each evidence iin Faliaer's trial ? TW Judge: I think Dr Macadam i t ristht. By Mr Hmilh : Why then was nothi"cr found ia CooU'd stomach ? —Thuro 18 the diflerenc<« I state it sb a fact nothing of this kind was offered, hecaase it could not be found. Mr Prenderstast: Just so. The Lord Chief Justice said it would not be a"lowed if it was then;. ! Mr Smith: I say it wai nothing of the sort, and it was simply be would not allow him to pol«on dog*. The Judge: I am of opinion that If be bad brought bis apparatus with him tbe experiment ! should rot be allowed. Mr Smith : I will aatiafy your Honor it was j dobe in a Conn oi Justice in England. Will you turn wTnylor's work, page 791— lute I nils- j stated where this occurred. It appears to have bpen in America. 1 he learned Counsel reed an aeccant of a cam in America in which a person was charged wi'h poisoning, and the analytical dhemht exhibited i the different proc<ss?» in Uourt wbich he adopted for the elimination of the poison from ths stomach an-t intestines. By Mr Hmitb : There is another mode of satisTying the mind that a human body bad tact death by poisoning—that is tbe most satisfactory ' test of all 1-I know what it Is. You allude to the frog test. No; £ will tell you. It is to give a portion tS the contents of the stomach to oaeof the lower auhnnlji. The Judge : That is the frog test. Ky vr^mitli: Do you consider that the most sati«fnctory of all ?— No Why not?—lfhere m»y be many circumstancea connected with .the notion of tbe poison on a fros; which you rarinot explain. It is au animal of a moat highly organised sjstern, Is it not?—Ft is. I did not know of the fro?, but I do know about ftmtin: it to dofts?—You know there i» not much of it." By the Judge : Supposing: yoa have notmucb. to spire, the next test would be to give it to eimo wnrm-blo"ciett animal! -It Bays nothing as to Ihe character of tti« poison you areosiog —It may show the material war* paiKin. Do you mean to »by, that ti qualify, it^~ If you Uke a portion of a hnmnn stomach supposed to be poisoned by strychnine, and giva it to ado a, and nuppoiiiog tbe f'o;c dies sad inantfests tetanic lytnptonts, and tbe nymptotns wbich are suppowd to characterize poisoning by strychnine vibtA then I —l should condiude stryelsuiae wbb tbe potsoa. We will see what Taylor tli'.clss on that subject Heeajt—. "Tbe symptoms produced by some poison?, c g ttryebnia, are of »uch a specitil character, and the same in all mammalia, that a fair inference may be frfquently drawn from.the effects produced. Thus, in ihe case of Reg.*, Dow (York Autumn Assizes, 1856). the proof of tbe presence of 6ir.rch.Bia in tbe stomach of deceased was partly based on tlie effects produced on animah by a prepared extrsatof the contents. A sufficient quantity was procuredi ;io kill sevsral animale, under/ the wnal tetanic Rymptome pro-,, duced fay this poison. This evidence was couslasive, and more ssitiefaetory than tbe application of chemical teats to extracts of orgaiaio matter ontabling tbe poison.1 * .■ * Do you awe •jrith that opinion ?r-I do not j I rrfy upon our etamical testa. . . , Sir Smith j i act—'• There* nothing like leather.". Were you aware that sujgb a course Wit Jbll?wed,ioPOTO'*ca«e'^l;b«v?W|W m>. f : r ;' iri -^

;- And "yes--aeHb*mreTy-i!eeliaid"i<>- I Wlopt'l:thaf; tesi, wbicir T«jlcr eontldera ko eon«!i>stWr and which wa* so in tbe case of Dote! Are jou aware «h«t that wts the tvldcisce reikd upon 1c ■ tliat.::eiiae t— The . fallacy-■ of• ■ ili ■'I''-aayi>i» .this: Btryr{t»ia mipht bo Introduced Into the stomach cf a human beicp, rafu"ient by absorption to fcill lbs perron; but sportion of ihe utomwh mtgbt b' ufatnto adog and no symptoms of' poisoning appear. ihcD, you would be ioi«l»<J. ''' v fnppotSrg tfedt Hhj done was limited toagMin; half» grain, you Icuow, is pmTfd to be » pr.ii oeou* dose! —In snen o «»*e, the chemical t'stsvrouid rcTfal itsprettenef.' '■ tv- '■■■■'■■■■■: •■"' -■■' Do you not believe it in tlie hipUfst degiee probable, that these who do intend to destroy the life of another by wsiof? tbU noatlcua dwg. wcnldnce ft in con»idcn)bly gr«at*r Quantity tnim one train?~Ko: ilt dejseeds ititiwly «pon the qu'elion of their being acquaint*d with, the amount wbieb i»tnffid«nt to d'Stny but not to be detected. Pultarr took the conrte oi measuring Ms qtmntiiira very minutely.' ••;• And pray what profe*ik<a did he belong to »— He wftßftdocior. s But even he did not appear to be qoite aware whet dose would kill, vo yoa rem*mber, afier Cook was dead, what qontloa Palmer put to a bro'ber medical man?— Ye*; whether it would be fouud in t! c sicmscK No; but what was the smallest quantity thit could be given to produce death, witbont the rink of il« being dficovercd after dealh?~That was before the poison ing trok place. 1 Yeg your parties, it was not so ?—I think you wii!find itwas. You were poisonins'l dogs sit Dr HookeaV, lately, I belitvel-I was. Do yco rcolJeor, after each dog died, expressing yourteli exnlUngly m to wlbat was likely to be the result of »hi» trial T—T never did. Yon swt ar that jon ntver did swear that I nerer did. After seven j ears* erpcrlence in these rates, which are moat painful to me to por»oe, I tbculd think it bejond human nature to express any *nch (frntiment. , I>id you tay, Dr Macadam—l feel It my duty to s»k yon. theee queatiens—-did yen «ny when there was a prospect of this trial beinitpostponed until May, ihafc if it wb» postponed yon would make it much vrone for the prisoner, if you hod to come down again1?—No: 1 ilaid that in such a case I would bring my amstimt down with me —that I taw there wes to bo a stroug effort made to crush the ehtmical evidence, and that, tbereforo I wonld bring him with me. To crmh the chemical evidence.l Ho that jou would be ob%el to seek a reinforcement I—l certainly would have asktd this Guveruinent to allow my assistant to come down with me. Thank you, Dr. Macadam ! You have b<"en rending bard suice you have b«en herf, I b^litve? You have been orudying Kreson'ius'J—l have not fctudiiU him much; I have not had time for ibat. You have been asked your opinion with rearard to th*a ptri'"d at which the ordinary rigidity cf the muscles tfter death sets in, and for what period it last*-—what fa the aversigs duration of rigor mirligi—l have stated that I thought, liking alt circumstances into connderat'on, taking an sveraue climate, tem-po-aturi>, and to oa —that a Lody might exbiblt stiffness lor 30 hoars. And when would it set In 1 You underulamt what tort of olimate ibis is in tho month of September—you know the latitude, and so on : what is the average temperature for September in Victoria 1 -Prohabty between 70 ° sind 80 ° | Tbe Judge: I mppose yon will refer to a lieiltby human body 1 Me I take the averago He taya that it wi'.l taty according to age, the disease that produced death, and to fotth. The Witness: I can speak confidently as regards the mother country. ' From what yon know pf the littitude of Otago i —assuming it ti be pretty cool hero at the end of j September—what would be the period you would allow m the average for the ordinary rigor mortis to set In and terminate?—Do yon mean in the , case of a person coming to a sudden death, from j any cause? We will say that,*to make it analogous to the case in hand ?—lf you will take it merely as a presumption, I would say —- I Certainly; I say. as ame 000 l wea'her 1 - Merely as a matter of opinion, for I htv.* no experience —— . - ■ Well, what is yonr answer "i It sets In when 1 How long after death I —^opposing the climate to be temperate; that the person lias been in a comparatively pocd state of hedtb, m;d hai not died from weakness, but fr^m acciident—l should iay that from eig.ht hours towards rigidity would commence. i. o you think that under any circumstances in a*cool climate, and with sudden death or otherwise, the natural rigidity could ttike plsce at a tnucli enrllir period!—lf a perfon died on the j snow, where the teffipsrature of the bsdy wa» ] very low | » b, not I will not take yoa there. j The Judge: In cool wea'.her, but not in tbe snow, If you plea«e. ' Mr ."mitb :It is cold here -I think I may tsll the witness that, your honor, thai; is cold here in September?—ln tbe north of Scotland, dnriug tbe cold period of the year—— Tho Ju'ge: Oh! it It never so cold aa that h,-re. • .:.•■■ ': - ' The Witness: Beally, on ray pi«t it must be perfectly conjectural, for I have nevvr aetn a csrpsehere. ■.-..•.. Mr Smith: I will pnt It thus: VFhafc is the earliest time at which, under circumstance*, you believe that ordinary rigidity would set in, even in cold weather ?-1 should suppose th it in a healthy person it might set in a couple of hours earlier. The Judge : That is to say. in siic hour?. Mr Bmita: You dor.'t believe il. would set in earlier 1 -I don't think it would set in earlier, if the person was healthy. But a person supposed tn die from disease of tbo nervous system—with tatauiii symptoms - cannot bo supposed to be healthy. I wilt suppee that death has tai'en place, either fr>m puerperal convulsions, as was supposed by Dr Hardy—althougn Dr Hulme d'te* not ngree with him—or as I put it, with tetanic Byroptomg, whether from an Wiopathic, or a tniumatio cau»e; and that death happtned in uold weather. What would you say, then?—lf a person died from idiopHhic or traumatic tetanus, I nhould suppose that rigidity would set in at an unasnally early period. How *oon might it fet in, under these circumstances I—l have not had tbo opportunity of informing my mind on that point. Are you acquainted with Maellef's Physiology, e'iit'd by Dr Bnly—That is a work of very high merit, fs it net ?—What edition Is il; 1 Does ft, mutter what edition it Is, for thin point? People nsed to die. I sunpsss. when this book was written, and had di*d fr tmndre Is of years before ! Why do yoa ask me what In the date of this book?—l9 li alpiiilosophkal question to put to me under jthe. clrcumHtnuceH ? —It is, inasmmh as oewsr matter may hava appeared since, which has; altered tbe average— ';" ■ '■'' ■ ■ ft ' k '. :: . ■■• ;; , I havo not asked you one word abimt the average," on the contrary, I hay« aafced as to exceptional cases—as to what ii possible' to happen—what is the shortest I toe: within which rigttJiiy coold set in. If this Is a reliable work, I don't" care whether it wan writtin in the y«ar 1. or tfw year 1700 What cm it matter if it is a work of trustworthy autbority a* regards facts ? . !'.-.■ ' -■•■,; ■:'■.'" ' :;i ': ;■■ ,' I liave li°re thf periods at which all the dogs became *tiff. '•'-.■■■;■■'■■.■■;■■ ■'~■'■■'<!,■ ;■■■/'' ;' •. Ob ! no; we are talking otoat mett and women now, not «los«. ; Bat if yoa »ro ctirioua, I will tell you what edition titf* is. No, I c'anuot, for I find the first pa«e Is torn; out: thai! Is ;unfortnnate?— it all events, ;'3L know the tiook. (p be a good book. ]-':■■; ■' -■■;-='-■ ■..--■'■;-;:■.■■ :-"-.^' 3J.1 ■■.-... ■'■;■';. •',■ Very well, then, listen to this : — "The rigidity of TOTOlea after djeath: rigor, mortis.~This phenomenon i« due to"a piriifialftr state of the mnscles. which enraefti at a certain period after death, giving rise to atiffaeiw otlthe ! iimb«, and after : a time ceases, fherferhty affect» the neck and lower jwfirst, iftCCJrdlog to %I. Soatmor;,next,'the npper eiOTtalties, exteodlng from above downwards;; ijiid, lattly,' reaches the lower limbs.:;; In; some iinstancer. It begins in the lower extremities, or i-ffecta them simnltaiieonsly jfith tho npberextreiiwttes. Ottt, of two hnQHred cweo,: M. Bormnarouly obieiTid dnei in which the rieidity did! not com' meaco in the nwsk. When the limbi ■ hove become rigid, the .muscles, flexors as well as extensors, feel firmer, fil. Somtuer atub-s that-a alight motion takes place when the mutcles become rtirid; be affirms th.t Hy«ten was incorrect ia statin? that tlie position of the Jfaubfl sirays remains unchanged. Tbo lower

law, b* say*,"t!<oßgnlt tw wp»rattd from the upper j*w at tho time of deatli. b«»nws afterwards irmly drawn up toward* it. The ex~ ! tnioi&i a'ao become moia strongly flexed: fhu». the1 thumb ia drawn towards''the palm, i and even the fore-arm is s Hue *>ent on the [arm If the rijrMity of any part after it is fully developed i* forcibly overcome, it is not reprooniKd; bot if the part be notyet in its complete ata'fi of rigidity, forcibly fl'ziiß- U will Dot -prevent its again becoming si!ft. The rigidity UJtually ceases as it beaao— first at tlie bead, then in the tipper extremities, and, lastly, ia the lower exuremette*. The rigidity, nccor.]ing to Horatnor, never commences earlier than ten mfnn'es,; and never later than seven hours. after death.? Both KysUn and Homtner state that it* duration is greater ia proportion t> the lateness of its aceetsfon. If the muscular energy wag nndinrDished at the period of death, as Id men Killed by &«phyxia, the rigidity of the liraV* ensues 'later and continues bnper; whilr, on the contrary! in bodies ofperson* who bare di*d of ocute diseases, attendei with great depnsrion of the vital powers. it conic on more rapidly; after death front' tvpling, for example, M. fommar has some:irei known it t> be developed in fifteen or tw<nty minutes. In the bodte« of iodividualii exhausted by chronic discos?a. the same f«ct is observed. After sudden death from acuve diseases, the rigid Mate of the limbs coniinae* for a long limp, even thoueh it be rapidly developed • * Nysten remarked that dealt) from tetanus wj> attended with, or quickly followed by, a conation of tie Bpiem.i, and that the body thtn ircmiineJ its a a flexible state for some hours before the lipi'iity of the corpse ensued." The Witness: That is not correct. The body Is relaxed at death; but, immediately afterwards, rigidity ensues. That statement is not correct; and. from very lengthened experience 1 know it Ibis I* " MTtellei'4 Physiology, edited by Ur Baly" I—l don't care who wrote It or who edited. H Is not as stated, 1 know. Yoa baici joat now that you knew the book ti be a good hook, and now yon don't beiieve that that statement to which 1 object is in accordance with fact.—l should be very happy to give you my rear on for bo believing. I don't care to know it. Yon raiy explain to the jory. if you please to do iso. Br Titjlor, on f aimer's trial, was asked by the Attorney (Jcnoral, " Are there otht-r vegetable substances from which, if these color tests were appliei, similar colors would be obtained V He answered. " There ore o yarlety of mixtures which produre similar cjlots. One of them, also, ha? a bitter taste, like strychnia. Vegetable poisons are more difficult to discover by chemical teiU than mineral poistns: the tests arc far more laliacion?." Do you agree with that general opinion of Dr Taylor?-I do not; I think, from other authorities, that these color te^ta are more reliable than any other description of tests. The Juilge: You have left unanswered the second part. Do you contider that vegetrtblo poisons are more difficult to detect than mineral poison»?—ln come canes they are, but uot ia the case of strychniaMr Smith : £ will take the portions separately —There are a variety of mixtures that wonld produce similnr colors I—-There is no subs'ance that will give you the combination of tea 18, except strychnin. But Is what I have read a fact or a fiction 1— Professor Taylor, you know, is the man who is had oa ail these trials 1 i Mr Prendergatt: But. ho is not had —that i-t j the diffiuul'y. The Government have given him up. Mr Smith: Never mind: he is Lecturer tn Chemistry in Guy* Hospital. Do you agree with him, or not ]—I do not. He goes oo—" Ona of them alto has a bitter taste like strychnia.1' He does not say what that is: cau you think of it?—l suppose he may be thinking of quinine. Or salacine? ••Vegetable poisons are more difficult to discover by chemical processes than mineral poisons."—Certain'^ uot in alt cases. But generally?—Ho, Ithink not. ''Toe fasts are more fallaciom".?—l don't agree with that at all Will yoa show me the authorities on the opposite side? Obi no. There is the authority of Dr Mac adam! The Judjje: Nover mind the nutUoritioi: wo want your evidence, - j Ho-examiued by Mr PrenderfKist: I think thit one of tho le<ts you applied in this o^se was aimrily the addition of somn nitric acid 1 — Yea. What was the result ? What appearance presented itself ?— V yellowish red color. My friend has cross-examined yon at srtat length, from Fresenius and other writer* I find in Freaenim this passage;—" Concentrated nitric acid dissolves quinine to a colorlo-a ilaid." Was that the result in this case?—lt was not A yellowish red color presented itself, but not from ibe press nee of ttrychoine. From what?— From brucine, which is found with strychnine. At alt events, was "a colorless fluid" the result ?—lt was not." You have already stated that yon have tested a combination of quinine with strychnine, and tbst the color te»ts applied % —V' a. Did you Sad that tin ordinary results folio we I, , m when tha te3U were applied to strychnine only?— Precisely the same. Have you applied the same test) to quinine alone?—l have. . i Did they give any results?— Not one of the four tests. Mr Smith: Mind you, I never said that quinine would. I know more than that about elementary cuemwtry. ' j Mr Prendorgnat: Th°n, according to your experience, the prefoaca of quln'ne does not nffeot the color-teit* for strychnine ?—I have found no<, by experiments performed within Ihe last few days. I m ide the experiments because I thought that if quinine an I strychnine existed together in this case It would detract from the results; but I found that it did not do so. .My frien'l, 1 read you this passage —»». "In alt theee ones, It is true, a distinction may be drawn, provided the aci i and the binhrotuate be separately added, (tad not used ia a raized state, as recommended bjr Otto and others." As a matter of fac% aid you. in yiur ncelwij, first use the sulphuric acid, or did you mix it with the bl chromate of potass aid add the whole to the residuum ? Mr Smith ; I never asked a word about tbto. Mr Prenderßrust : I knowryou dil not. Mr Smith: I'nen yon caunofc purma the sibjeet. It does notarise out of my cr. ss-ej»mina-tion. ' TheJulge: You cannot refer to any new passages in the buok. Mr Prendergast: I am not doing so, your Honor, Mr Smith: I never atke-1 o word as to whether tho su'ph'iric ficir) and the bichromate of potass were added separately. . / a The Judgs : It teems to jtne to be avoryunusual coarse. Surely, the jury must he tire lof this. It nppearsto me th'it you are now opening new matter. Mr Prenderfratt: 1 think not, your Honor. /The Judge: T.ien show that you are not. Mr Pjrendergtwt: Afy friend has read a pasflofje from Taylor. Tii« JadKe: With the sanction of the Court, in order to put a question to the: wilnec-s. Mr Prenderaart: tn thai passaito thsre i* IliJ statement wiiioh I have now read, and I only a*k .the witness a queatiou upou It. If yonr Honor thinks that that ia opening new matter, 1 cannot'press it ' ■':'- ■':' ■' '■ ■. ■ ■':.;''' .■■"'-■ "'■ ' The Judge: Well, answsr it. We have virtually got it?-The sulphuric acid, was first dropped upon the Him; and ■ fclie bi-chromifca of potaw was added afierwavdo. Snpposinar that quia!ne-dW exist in the spinach of tho deeeaied at ths time yoa hyi it to you, would that at all prevent you fiodine strychnine if it also existfid there ?—lt would ■.-Hot.-1- ' ■■<■■■■ tiv :i>- ■■.- ;-'..■■ ,''j:-;': '. y-' ''■.'■::':-..yi .'•'. ■:,';-!*.:. | .■■!; ; Blizbetb Ann Jarvey jrecalled *t the reqaett of Mr Bmirh, sti'ed:-—! reaolleotthe illness of ■thym tier, In Tasmania, after the ihhth of < my brother Archibald. She wag very aaeh ■ depressed and melancholy; pile was ? occasionally htsvinß extraordinary idea* about demons reaming to her and sayinar bad thing*, j I have not become aware that roy fitbeY^hw^:'Mld;:?|ha*'proMDCt^:'ln:v TasmanJai mentioned hjrJyoa on Wednesday. iSJi slated then that I wa? awaro he h«ul adv2rtl*ed Itfor eaSft I became aware of that when I w.9 bi) (hooountiy; I;d£d not, while livlnjt np there with Mrs Rica, communicate to any one m) sna picionß wlib rapect to my father- I caiaa down to town of my own accord. I kept ray suspicious in my own bremt so long, btoiu?* I could sot make up my mi ad to pro against my father; bat I touad tnatl coald Jwre,no, peace

rot-'tnlniJi »nd therefore! came down to town. White at Mrs Rich**, I frequently thought about thia circumstance* attending my m <ther"# death. Tnpy were seldom absent from my mind, and the? preyed upon me. Chalks Valiant* Robinson, recalled: The ptjooner left m» ferries, as commantior of the fltoaim ia October. IdM not than know that h«j and other persons, amongst whom was Mr Crate, of this town, wtra propo-Ini; or making overture*tben to the owners ©■ tlie-Keen*. to run hw ia opposition to the TJianis, !a the loyereargill trade. I knew nothing; about it I djd bear »ni>m Mr Hamilton, that the prisoner was tulkirjir of baying a ateimer, to pot on in the lovercarptil trade; bat at the same time Mr Hamilton told mo that he bad mentioned tbat be knew of a steamer that might wist a; captain, and that Oiplain Jarvey united him to put in a good word for hint. A man nanwd K*ai:erty was csok on [Kurd the Titaata sbiui Pepiember list. I saw him oufide the Court ju«t now. Edward Stevens wiiJ one of the crew at tbename time. He alto is outsHs the Court. They were several month? on b<isrd, under the command of the prisoner' I know Mr Lamb. Ho war not particularly a friend of miac; bnt I knew hiui from our havingoffices next door to one another. Mo wm ex* anilned at the Inquest, aud the Coroner took down hia deposition. Mr Prendergast : Do you know whet evidence he save 1 Mr Smith: I object altogether to sneb. a ques tion. Mr Prenderjrnst: I think I can put it. The Jndfra. I think not. Mr South : Coil Mr Lamb h«ro I slwlt he happy to hear what ho has t > nay. Ot th! Crown mean to call all «he mtn«s«i wtw»e names appear on the biclc of the lmilcfrnont. Conrad S&ndbrook Saxton: 1 was present en lh» Slit Dl'C whsu an inqu;nt was held M the: Cemetery, oa the body of Mjrs Jarv«-y, I lent my seal to Dr Hulme. Thi* i* it. The seal was given hack to mo, and I wore it until lait Tuesday evening. The Jndi^e : Purely this is not nec&» ary Even if thero had been no kcil use 1. it would be enough when Dr Hultne swear* to the handing of tbe jars to Mnloney, aud chat officer swear* that, in ths condition in which he reseived them, hfi haatlcd them to Dr Alaca iatu. Edward Wm. Alejonder, phy«iciaa aud sur» ceja, Dunedin:l am acquainted wi'h the diseases ai\M Iranmatio and idiop.vtfatc tetanus I Ibave Peon scviral ctsasof them in sit. Helena. I Ibave heard the *yuip«rtnM di-tcrlbed by Mt-8 Jwvey. and the other evidence oa to Mm Jarvey'H de«h ; nnd in ray opinion that dettb uIJ not result irom idiop-iihie tetnnui. Taking the who!** of the symptoms as dotsiled, they are uot consistent with those of any ilHbjwj of which 1 over heiird. I mi<lo the post mortem exitninutton iv this case with Dr Hulme. 1 otx'eneJ ilia position of the hauila and tbe arai. Tho hiniis wore clenched, and they and theforo-arini wuro foHcd on'tha belly. I direokd Mr Wi kiwoa to clean for m<i, with distillo 1 water, two jirs, m ho has stake:). A constable was saw- to? th'itu an brought them to the Cemetery. They were clem, ami appeared to have been rec«n ,!y nrashmi. By Mr Smith : I cut the b*ndas«-» thata'.cared the deceased's arrnj. It ia not wlut I observed, if any one has said that the arm* wore lifie 1 and remained neariy against the top of the cofiin. Cro«<MCimimt:on coitiaueil: I hs;,vd Or Hu line's evidenc, Bid unfler*tan<! lint h) saw ihs hands very nearly a* I saw them. Thfy may have been half an incti abore the bo.ly ; i am sure ih-y ware not more Generally *pea"king. I should say that it wm t.o* »if(S to infer nature of di-ease from fymplooin detcribeft by an unpiofew-ional peMoa, in hi«o* hor tight mind; (ometiraes, ye». So<no iadiv>> duals hive more graphic power* than o hire, aud e&n describe fy:n|)lom» woli; bu', of coama, I (hoaM never aaach eueii belief to eymplonsUwcrited by any patient, by letter, as ~o a deHCrfption of them by a tiaint'l me li'iat m^n If a fflrl wan; bewildered or "did not knotv was che wai doinpf," it m'ght interfere with her powers of perception. The tetanic syrap'oms are »o marked, tbat it U scarcely po»siblo nnyon* could see them and forjret thorn Terror nnd bewilderment would be things of degree, nnd ' do mot know to what ex'ent thsy influenced Mls» Jarvey. I belioye from her evidence, tint «ihe was very horror stricken nfc wfiat she saw j i hat I *ho belicre Shit she saw what she states I undersfond from what you lavo real that on unprofessional person I* unioie to give a correct dlsfrnom of disinue, ftni 1 og;-ee with it Certainly a lraine'3 persm can olwirve symptoms mueb mire rflllnbly thao any nntvainecl person. I do not conoMe lhotl am perfectly free from error in drawing a conclusion | from the symptoms deicribc! by • iaiJarvey; but the source o£ error would bo the want of the power "of observation, quite a<Butning that all that was Mated was true. I know tho disease hysterical syncope ;it is not at all common. I beai'd you leal a passage yesterday, from Aa!iwell's work, and I heard what Dr Hul no laid upon it. There ire several statements in that passage. I rely uj.oa so much as Dr AshweU state* tbat h* himself observe*. and what Pr CopUnd obnerwl; for ewsh of tliem la a mm of blah authority and lairgn eitper ience. Dr AsbweU docs not say that he saw ciwiiof tuspended animntioaiu which the action of the heart was not perceptible—be »ays '•scariely sp^reciable;" and I take it that fclie caaes of "uupposed death" spsken of by Or Coplnud are not cases wli eh he hitnseif oh-; sirred. I infer 4bat from the lanfiuiße. where **Bappos'>d death 1' is spoken of I think tbat a thoroush'y experienced roan would discover the difFerenc.o between death and hysterical syncope. The laying of ft band over tbe region of tbe liotsrt, with a chemise between tbo hand and thoiinh, would riot be such an examination a» was «>alcuUted to detect tbe faintest pulsation of tbe hsart con»lsisnt witb tie malnt uancs of life. Such an examination wonld ba n?g igent. If syncope was apprehended. The effect of opening a v*in in ths arm of a woman in a htdi of by>tideal *yncopu and leaving: tUe blood t) ilow all »!eht. would depend upon ttis st.tJ of oody and of hea'tb of the FfMOM, and tbe quantity of blood that fi >wed t appears to me that tie (jaijjt tv of bboi described in this c*«e is not eufficient t» warrant the inferenca tSi&t Mrs Jarvey wm in a state of. liysteii:al svecop', and «-,n left to bleed to deith. I cannot Ray accurttelv bow much Wooi a beiltby person misfit lose witlwnt suffering death po>sibly thres quarts, or 'our. Three quarts would be a fifth of tbe whole quantity in the body. If I am to a«*uaM t*iat Blcs Jarrey wa^in a low Btalo of health, a ksj qaiutity of blood would account for death.: Whether the mattress would absorb two or three quart* of blood, would depend npoa the miiterhl of which the mattnss was formed; >t woaM bs to ts a rery srrtat extint ; liF Viera is 6t»ut clos*s woven Hiking, a Jargu quantity wou'd run offitto thefl»or than w-mld go through to the mattrass, .. I renumber-what Mr* 81y »:ui about tho uapkla on the fi> >r beiaa: saturated «fith bloo4} but unprofessional persian. a* a rale, talk of'napkins being ''eaturaied" or "delo^i" with blood, when a pitieothu lo»t oalj a loft'tuno;!". As to the m ittsr of h«u» irrbage there is nothuig more filla^iott* than to t.k« tbeusdrnat's of inexperienced persona, or of pereaiMwho wh>h*ve not hai a crcatdeal of cxperkaat. The? aw exceedingly «pt to exaggerate. The opa'jm or convaNioa of tetanus whether idiopitblc or traamitic, resembles generally wliat ill* J^rvey des:ribed. I. wilhjut hesitation, concur as to what G'r Watwn his desoribed as having been observed by him ai symptoms of tetnsus. Id" not believe tbat it is correct as slated by VKat-oa, thw it ia imj,o»ib!e to distinguish batweea ihe flymptoim of tttanus and tbo« of strvcbnlne poifouiii!?. Whiu Wittan wrote that, 20 yrfirj oeo, very few ea*e» of Btryohnine pol-ontoß had bin observed ie Kngland; anJ whit he slates diffjni from what ia advano d ia Inter, and I fhink Jiuro trmf-wortby, -wirko. I cay that WaUoa'a book it erroneous in many partlsolaw, and I am prepared to point ouit th 6 pMOta, if you wish it. Dr Wa'son-dlsUactiy states, in bi-» wtvcrtlieaenf, that he j!nw not bai time t> verify all the cms* he quotes. I never saw a fetal case of strjehnine polvinina:; nor any but one, and that was tcriuxnatiai favorably wheu £ saw it. 80-eximiaed: I am not aware that bleeding 1 wjalt! tend to revive a person ia a state of synthe Jad^e: A. state of «jncopa woald bare a tendency to oacck blecdinfir. ' At fchin ntJge, it being about a quarter before ■txoVlock, the Couriwaea^oarned to tbie(Uoadvri mornia« ; tbe jurj- bsicg again conducted to the Shamrock Hotd, by coostables iwora for s U.tpßrjK*e. -_ ~_, _.. , _ t| t _