THE FAEMER.

Mataura Ensign, Issue 215, 14 November 1896, Page 4

THE FAEMER.

•V-.' • ■ MILK FEVBR. ■ An English veterinarian, Mr Pugh, '.' M.R.C.V.S., writes that he will guarantee . , a cure in nine out of 12 cows .attacked by the use of a chloral mixture. Heavy - milking cows are most liable to it after the third or fourth calf. Speoial stress is ■ laid on not milking the cow for four - meals, as milking just before or directly ' "after calving is- provocative of a' bad at- -• 'tack of the disease. It generally attacks the cow before' the fourth day after ♦'calving.' Before oalving, Bhut the cow ■ y/up for three or four days. Limit the food r both in quantity and quality ; sweet hay . is the best. Giye, in one or two doses, in •' ;" plenty of water : — Epsom salts.. . .. -■ •• } lb••v powaered ginger .. .. .. loz. ' - : Ti*Batment after calving. — On no account milk the cow for four meals, but let the calf have the run of the cow, only taking oare the teats are kept clean and sucked 'level by_.the calf. If the cow ■ shows signs of going down, give at' once : . . " Chloral hydrate ' .. ..2 ounces ■- -Potash bromide . . . . 1} ounces Tincture aconite (Flemings) . . 16 drops ■ Water.. .. .. .. q.s .. Treacle «t>. Every three hours afterwards give : • .Chloral hyorate ..... 8 drachms C .;,.'? Liquid extract of belladonna ..2 „ --■• in treacle, and water enough to dissolve - the treacle. Repeat this two or three times. Stop giving medicine directly the cow . shows signs of recovery. When down, .the cow must be propped upright on her breast, in a comfortable position, with bundles of straw. Twist a roller towel round the horns, and keep it wet and . ' cold. The cow must not be left night or day. LAND DEMAND IN SCOTLAND. Farmers have lost largely last season ■ and this, but still there is a great demand for East Lothian -farms, chiefly on the part of the sons of men who have made money in other walks of life. Butchers .and dairymen are also keen competitors. Cattle graziers this year, it is feared, will not receive much more 'than what was paid in spring, and thus have to meet the pasture rent. Prices for sheep are steady, and yield a fair profit. On the "whole, the prospects for the farming industry are not promising. While this is the case, the .fact ' is striking and somewhat inexplicable that nearly every fnrm in the market is re-let at much the old rent.—' Scotsman.' ■ THE SUCCESSFUL FARMER. The farmer who succeeds in these days of intense competition and low prices has to work on somewhat different lines irom what his forbearers used to follow. He has to look much more closely and carefully into the internal working of his . * farm than was necessary in former times. He cannotafford to farm in a haphazard • way in these days of depression, and he must watch keenly every movement of the market, and be prepared to produce such commodities as ,are likely to bring him the best returns for capital and labor invested. A farmer, must not tie himself down to the growing of certain crops or to the rearing of certain stock simply because his forefathers did so, or even be- " cause he himself found them profitable in - times gone by. He must cultivate an " open " mind, be ready and willing to avail himself of any new system, or appliance, or modification of practice calculated to benefit him. Many new in- " dustries are now being tried in these colonies, and we will yet have to thank the period of adversity through which the commercial world is now passing for having induced us to try some of these new crops. Blessings sometimes come in disguise, and there is not the least doubt that the farm- j ing industry, as a whole, in spite of the j .low prices prevailing, will show as good | a return financially for this and succeeding years as it ever did .before. The aggregate production will be greater and - the products raised more numerous, which ■will do more than make up the difference .in the reduction of values. But in all cases where advancement or progress is implied, and new modes of working become necessary, the old " stager " moves out of the ruts but slowly. The successful farmer of to-day must move, however, and give attention even to tiny sources of . income which are available. In agricul- •' ture the " day for small things " has assuredly dawned. Farmers must try new products, and grow things they never thought of growing before. - • A SIMPLE LEVEL. Thia useful contrivance consists of a perpendicular staff made like that for a surveyor's instrument. On the staff is placed a 4iri. board about 3ft. in length. . In either end of the board is fastened a | small bottle , partly filled with water. When the fall of a stream or the slope of a field is to be ascertained, the level is set up at a given point. The water in the bottles gives a level as a starting point. A slight elevation of either end shows ' immediately, as with an expensive in- ' strument. A pole containing a paper, ' rag, or other discernible object is set up and a sight is taken. The actual fall can be discovered by calculating the difference ' between the height of the level and the object sighted. The distance between the points of observation is measured either by chain or rope, or by the number of steps. The fall' per rod can be easily figured out when the distance from point to point is ascertained. Several grades have been estimated by this means, and canals of water carried round the slopes of mountains with exactness. ' A NICE LITTLE TRICK. At the recent agricultural show at Wangaratta, writes the ' Ovens and Murray Advertiser,' while the milking was being .done for the Governor's gold medal for the best butter-making cow, " Mr Living, a steward, noticed cream dropping from the sleeve 'of one of those who were in attendance on a cow exhibited by Messrs Morrison Bros. On making an investigation he found that the individual had a baby's feeding bottle, containing about • 1-Jlb of cream, under the breast of his coat, an india-rnbber tube being attached, ! through which the cream passed down ! • the sleeves of the coat and into the milk- i - ing bucket. The circumstances were promptly reported to the committee, and Messrs Morrison Bros, were disqualified ] for all the sections in which they had . ■ entered." THE BITTER CRY OF THE BANKERS. j It is announced that the British Linen . . .Company are lending to the Edinburgh y Corporation for If per cent. As tho bank ' f rate for deposits is 1 per cent, any one may see how the world has come to wag ": with the Scotch banks. If securities don't _'-■ mend, of whicli at present there is no prospect, their bitter cry will be to stop interest altogether. It is impossible on } per cent to carry on the working establishments. Meantime the record is broken in Scotland for cheap' money. PAUPERISM IN ENGLAND. Mr Villiers, M.P., in pointing out the benefits derived from the repeal of tho - Corn Liws during the last fifty years, says that, according to the latest ' published official return, the number of paupers who were relieved in England and Wales on the l.ast day of the quarter ending March 1896; was 739,021, as compared with 897,370 in 1857, although the population has grown in the forty yenrs from 19 millions to over 30 millions. Nowadays the ratio of paupers to inhabitants is about 24 in the 1000, having fallen onehalf since 1857, when it was over 47 in the 1000. -"■--.- ;When. the men building the new stable • ''knocked off work at night they generally • planted their tools, one of them hiding an ,'itoa crowbar in a hallow log which a new ■". cbpm had been "instructed to cut up for : : "firewood. He worked at it all next day the crossout, but failed to get

alighted at a little station called Cloverville. and this is what he saw : — " A commercial traveller, dealing in groceries and tobacco, got off ; s crate of five chickens was put on and the cars started again. The stopping of the train was no rare Bight in that village, for it happens two or three times every day. The people had no welcome for the commercial traveller ; no tears we're shed over the departure of the chickens, yet on the station steps I counted forty men and hoys who were there when the train came in — farm boys, who ought to have been at work in the fields ; village boys, who might have been doing something somewhere. Two men attended to all the business of ths station. The solitary passenger went his own way. The rest were there because they had not the normal strength to go anywhere else.