Some Additions to the Naturalised Flora of New Zealand.

Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Volume 74, 1944-45, Page 221

Some Additions to the Naturalised Flora of New Zealand. By A. J. Healy, Plant Research Bureau, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington. [Read before Wellington Branch, July 7, 1944; received by the Editor, July 27, 1944; issued separately, December, 1944.] This paper records a number of species not previously reported from New Zealand, and gives noteworthy extensions of distribution of previously recorded species. Some seven species recorded in a previous paper (Healy, 1943) are noted here, as the fact that they were new records for this country was not then mentioned. The writer wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. H. H. Allan, and Messrs. V. D. Zotov (Gramineae) and I. W. Davey (Cyperaceae) of the Plant Research Bureau in identification of certain critical species. Specimens of the species mentioned in this paper are deposited in the herbarium of the Botany Division, Plant Research Bureau, Wellington. Cruciferae. Camelina sativa (Linn.) Crantz. Gold of pleasure. Recorded by Cheeseman (1883, p. 276) for Auckland, this species has been recently noted in linen flax crops in Canterbury. Lepidium sativum Linn. Garden cress. This species has been found in linen flax crops in both islands, having apparently been introduced via imported flax seed. Onga Onga, Hawke's Bay, J. N. Palmer! Blenheim, A. Smith! Lincoln, near Christchurch. Cardamine pratensis Linn. Lady's smock. Recorded from Whangarei by Allan (1940, p. 67), the species has now been found at Rata and Silverhope, Mrs D. M. Mason! Foxton, H. H. Allan! Resedaceae. Reseda alba Linn. Mignonette. Thomson (1875, p. 372) records the species as R. suffruticulosa Linn. from Dunedin, and later (1922, p. 378) from Poverty Bay and Canterbury. It has been noted in arable land, Feilding; waste land and gardens, Mt. Victoria and Lyall Bay, Wellington. Crassulaceae. Tillaea decumbens Willd. This plant has been found to occur on ballast in railway yards at Shannon; Levin, Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Pukerua Bay, Takapau Road. The distribution is indicative of the fact that spread is by means of ballast for railroad tracks. Caryophyllaceae. Lychnis flos-cuculi Linn. Ragged Robin. Noted in waste land, Shannon, J. Mitchell! Portulacaceae. Portulaca oleracea Linn. Purslane. Recorded only from the North Island, this species has been noted in the southern and eastern

parts of the South Island. Occurs as a weed of tobacco and tomato fields and waste places at Nelson, Motueka, Appleby, Richmond, Riwaka; on gravel ballast of railway lines at Picton, Blenheim, Parnassus, Spotswood, Waiau-ua River, Mina and Waipara; appears to be a true ballast plant in Marlborough and North Canterbury. Noted in waste land, Kaiapoi, A. M. Forbes! Polygonaceae. Polygonum sachalinense F. Schmidt. Sacaline. Allan (1935, pp. 96–97, 1940, p. 282) records this species for the North Island; specimens referrable to this species have now been collected from Motueka and Riwaka, in the latter station it being well established in several patches. † Species recorded for first time in previous paper (Healy, 1943, pp. 324–332). Polygonum mite Schrank (Europe). Polygonum convolvulus Linn. Cornbind. A variety of this species (var. subulatum Lej. et Court) with winged perianth segments has been found at Appleby and Riwaka. Rumex scutatus Linn. Established in waste land, Tauranga, D. Cairns! Wellington: abundant about the town of Foxton. That our specimens belong to the true R. scutatus Linn. is not certain, since they all possess large tubers, a character not mentioned in foreign floras. Phytolaccaceae. Phytolacca octandra Linn. Inkweed. Recorded from the North Island by Allan (1940, p. 87), it has been noted as well established about Kaikoura and Oaro, with other scattered occurrences throughout the Marlborough Province. Chenopodiaceae. Chenopodium pumilio R. Br. This species is common in tobacco fields about Motueka and Riwaka, and is thoroughly established on the Waiau-ua River near Parnassus. It occurs as a ballast plant along the Main South Trunk Railway from Picton to Wharanui. Amaranthaceae. Amaranthus deflexus Linn. Low amaranth. Allan (1940, p. 91) records this plant for the North Island, and it has now been found at Richmond; there is a specimen without collector's name from Port Nelson in the Plant Research Bureau Herbarium. Amaranthus lividus Linn. Purple amaranth. Recorded by Kirk (1870, p. 142) for Auckland, but was apparently non-persistent. Has been collected at Ruakura, A. L. Poole! Turakina, K. E. Reynolds! * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Amaranthus blitoides Wats. Occurs sparingly on depleted land on lower slopes of Dunstan Mountains, near Lowburn, H. H. Allan! Geraniceae. * Geranium pusillum Linn. Small-flowered geranium (Europe). Established on ballast (English origin), Wellington Harbour. † Pelargonium radula Ait. (South Africa). * Pelargonium ribifolium Jacq. (South Africa). Has been collected on waste land near Paekakariki, where it is well established.

Oxalidaceae. Oxalis corniculata Linn. A stout form of this species with reddish foliage and stems and large flowers [var. corniculata Zucc. forma tropaeoloides (Schlachter) R. Knuth] escapes from gardens, and is established in urban distriets; Feilding, Shannon, Wellington. Oxalis rubra A. St. Hil. First recorded by Allan (1940, p. 285), but the distribution is not given. Has been found as an established garden escape; Tauranga, M. Hodgkins! Onehunga, H. Carse! Feilding; Palmerston North, V. D. Zotov! Paekakariki, V. D. Zotov! Wellington City and suburbs, H. H. Allan! Riwaka; Nelson; Christchurch. A white-flowered form has been collected at Wellington, R. Mason! This appears to be that cited as establishing in California (Rose, in Leaflets of Western Botany, vol. i, no. 6, 1933, p. 51), but Knuth (1930, p. 203) makes no mention of such white-flowered forms. Oxalis variabilis Jacq. Recorded by Cheeseman (1883, p. 279) for Auckland. Other specimens have been collected from that area by H. Carse, and it has recently been found to be established in one locality at Wellington. All the specimens examined belonged to var. rubra Jacq. of the species. * Species recorded for the first time for New Zealand. Oxalis incarnata Linn. (South-west Africa; South Africa.) A persistent garden escape established on roadsides, in gardens, etc. Has been collected from Feilding; Palmerston North; Tauranga, M. Hodgkins! Shannon; Wellington and suburbs; Blenheim; Nelson. Balsaminaceae. * Impatiens roylei Walp. (Western Himalayas). Noted as a garden escape in both Islands; Erua; roadside, Moutoa Swamp, Shannon; waste land, Lower Hutt; in damaged forest, Ballance, Miss E. G. Thorpe! Paparoa, Westland, L. Cockayne! Halorrhagaceae. Myriophyllum spicatum Linn. Recorded by Allan (1940, p. 285) from Lake Ellesmere, has now been found in water races at Springfield, Canterbury, H. Talbot! Malvaceae. † Species recorded for first time in previous paper (Healy, 1943, pp. 324–332). Lavatera cretica Linn. (Mediterranean region). Malva moschata Linn. Musk mallow. Recorded by Smith (1904, p. 217) for Ashburton, and by Allan (1940, p. 106) from Piopio, it has now been found in the Orautoha Valley, J. E. Attwood! and at Masterton, N. Lamont! Rosaceae. Duchesnea indica (Andrew) Focke. Indian strawberry. Recorded from the North Island and from Christchurch, South Island, has been found to be well established in damaged forest, Motueka. Potentilla recta Linn. Tall cinquefoil. Thoroughly naturalized (± 50 acres in extent) near Blenheim, E. Reid! * Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. Dropwort. (Eurasia.) Has escaped from flower beds and established on banks and in lawns, Makino, near Feilding.

Leguminosae. Lathyris pratensis Linn. Meadow pea. Smith (1904, p. 218) records the species from Ashburton, and it has now been found near Gore, S. D. Blomfield! Allan (1940, p. 291) mentions the species and gives a description; the description, however, is not that of L. pratensis but that of L. hirsutus Linn. L. pratensis Linn. differs from the latter species in the yellow flowers and glabrous pods. Trifolium parviflorum Ehrh. Recorded by Allan (1940, p. 291) from Feilding, has now been found to be established in dry pastures and on roadsides, Weld Pass and Dashwood Pass, Marlborough. * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Parochetus communis Hamilt. Shamrock pea. (Tropical Asia.) A garden escape established on damp banks; Wellington, I. A. McNeur! Blenheim. * Lotus tetragonolobus Linn. Winged pea. (Mediterranean region.) The species has been found at Hastings; Dunedin; Waimangaroa, R. B. Wells! Vicia narbonensis Linn. Recorded by Kirk (1899, p. 120) from Great Barrier Island, has been found at Nelson, D. Merry! Urticaceae. * Urtica gracilis Ait. (North America). This species has been noted at Raetihi, J. E. Attwood! Tamahere, near Hamilton, G. L. Sharpe! Rhamnaceae. Cryptandra amara Sm. Recorded by Allan (1940, p. 292) from near North Cape, has recently been found to be thoroughly and extensively naturalized in shrubland areas from Te Kao northwards. A. D. Beddie! Mrs D. M. Mason! Cannabinaceae. Humulus lupulus Linn. Hop. Thoroughly established in damaged forest near Feilding; waste land and roadsides, Longburn; Shannon; Lower Hutt; Motueka; Richmond; Riwaka; Nelson; Blenheim; Cheviot; established in vicinity of old homesteads in bush, etc., Pelorus and Kenepuru Sounds, Marlborough. Ampelidaceae. Vitis vinifera Linn. Grape vine. Well established in damaged bush, Sheard's Point, Urenui; Shannon; Ohau River; several localities in Pelorous Sounds, Marlborough; occurs very sparingly in damaged bush at Kongahu, Buller County, H. H. Allan! Araliaceae. Hedera helix Linn. Ivy. Established in waste places, Feilding; Palmerston North; Wellington; Picton; Blenheim; Kaikoura; Waikari; Christchurch; Lyttelton; Nelson; Motueka. Covering coastal rock faces Paekakariki; climbing on pine trees in plantations, Kaituna Valley and Havelock, Marlborough.

Cacaulis daucoides Linn. Hen's foot. This species recorded by Allan (1935, p. 6) should be expunged from the naturalized flora, since the specimens cited for Ashburton belong to an indigenous species, Daucus glochidiatus (Labill.) Fischer, Meyer et Lallemand (D. brachiatus Sieb.) * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Sison amomum Linn. Bastard stone parsley. (Western Europe: Mediterranean region.) Established on roadsides and in hedgerows, Opotiki, N. Potts! Apium tenuifolium (Moench.) Thellung. Recorded only from the North Island (Allan, 1940, p. 135), this species was noted as not uncommon in pastures and scrub along the Wairau River, Marlborough. Ericaceae. * Erica cinerea Linn. Bell heather. (Western Europe.) Occurs in the National Park Region, Volcanic Plateau, in company with Calluna vulgaris (Linn.) Hall and Erica tetralix Linn. Erica lusitanica Rud. Spanish heath. Recorded as spreading in several localities in both islands by Allan (1940, p. 138), the species is thoroughly established and spreading in the northern South Island—about Picton and in the Queen Charlotte and Kenepuru Sounds; Wairau Valley, near Hillersden; Kaituna Valley (Marlborough); in abandoned orchard land and manuka heath land, Moutere Hills, and Pangatotara, Motueka River (Nelson). Caprifoliaceae. Lonicera japonica Thunb. Honeysuckle. Recorded by Allan (1940, p. 294) from the North Island, this species has been found in several localities in the South Island—Blenheim, Picton, Havelock, Riwaka, Motueka, Appleby, Richmond, Motueka, Nelson, Kaikoura, Amberley, Waiau. Compositae. Eupatorium riparium C. H. Schultz. Mist flower. Established on banks in a cemetery, Wellington, where it withstands frequent cuttings. Lagenophora gunnii (Hook. f.) Black. Occurs in pastures and waste land near Motueka and Riwaka. Vittadinia triloba (Gaud.) D.C. Has been noted at Ruby Bay near Mapua; Okaramio, Kaituna Valley; Blind River, Seddon. Specimens answering to var. lanuginosa Black have been collected from the Kaiwarra River, North Canterbury. Anthemis nobilis Linn. Common chamomile. The species was recorded originally by Hooker (1867, p. 760) for Auckland on the authority of Kirk, and it was later recorded by Kirk (1899, p. 319) as “apparently well established” at the Bluff, Southland; this latter record is omitted by Allan (1940). It has recently been found in lawns near Featherston, E. A. Madden! J. Carne Bidwill! Solidago canadensis Linn. Golden rod. Noted by Allan (1940,

p. 296) as an escape in the North Island, this species has been found established on roadsides and in waste places at Nelson, Motueka, Riwaka, Tasman, Blenheim. Bidens tripartita Linn. Beggar's ticks. Recorded from the North Island only (Allan, 1940, p. 151), has now been found to be well established about a lake in a bird sanctuary near Cheviot. There is also an immature specimen without collector's name in the Plant Research Bureau Herbarium from Rotherham. Since the fruits are modified for animal dispersal, it is likely that the species will be noted elsewhere in the Cheviot district due to the wanderings of ducks, etc. Galinsoga parviflora Cav. Yellow weed. Recorded from several localities in the North Island, this species has been noted as abundant in cultivated land (tobacco and tomato fields, etc.) at Nelson, Appleby, Motueka, Riwaka; also occurs on roadsides and in waste places. * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Chrysanthemum sp. Allied to and probably derived from C. lacustre Brot. or C. maximum Ramond, this garden escape forms dense thickets (to 6 feet high) on roadsides and in waste places in some localities in both islands—Feilding, Aorangi, Palmerston North, Woodville, Porirua, Wellington, Blenheim, Motueka, Nelson, Riwaka. Centaurea melitensis Linn. Malta thistle. This species is thoroughly established on the bluffs above the Hurunui River, below the Hurunui Hotel; it is also well dispersed in modified tussock grassland, Mt. Benger Station, Mt. Alexander Station, and Hitchen Hills, North Canterbury. Carduus nutans Linn. Musk thistle. Previously recorded for the South Island (Allan, 1940, p. 167), this plant has been found in several parts of the North Island—Maungaturoto, North Auckland, J. McRae! Rissington, Hawke's Bay, J. N. Palmer! Wangaehu, J. V. Blythe! Wellington, B. C. Aston! * Carduus pycnocephalus Linn. Winged thistle. This name was first used for New Zealand specimens by Kirk (1899, p. 353) and applied to specimens belonging to C. tenuiflorus Curt. The true C. pycnocephalus has been recently collected from the Matai River, Nelson, V. D. Zotov, and is established in waste places and pastures at Appleby and Richmond, Nelson. Mycelis muralis (Linn.) Rehb. Ivy-leaved lettuce. Recorded from Jollie's Pass, Hanmer, by Allan (1940, p. 179) and the Stanton River, Waiau, by Healy (1943, p. 330); its distribution has been extended southwards by its discovery in waste places and plantations about Cheviot, and in scrub along the Hurunui River near Ethelton. Lactuca virosa Linn. Acrid lettuce. Recorded for several North Island localities by Allan (1940, p. 179), the plant has been noted as established about Picton, Spring Creek, Tua Marina, and Blenheim. Lactuca saligna Linn. Willow lettuce. This species was recorded by Kirk (1899, p. 361) for Petane, Hawke's Bay; it has been recently found at Gisborne, E. M. Ojala! and immature specimens from Nelson appear to belong to the same species.

Onopordon acanthium Linn. Scotch thistle. Recorded by Smith (1904, p. 220) for Ashburton, this species was recently noted on ballast (of English origin), Wellington Harbour. Crepis setosa Hall f. Hispid hawkweed. Noted as occurring about Auckland and environs (Allan, 1940, p. 180) this species has been found at Gisborne, P. Haugh! and is well established in waste places and on roadsides at Nelson, Riwaka, Richmond, Motueka, and Blenheim. Hieraceum pilosella Linn. Mouse-eared hawkweed. Previously recorded from the South Island, has now been found in several North Island localities; in pastures, Argyll, Southern Hawke's Bay, D. McDonald! Frequent to common in open country through the North Ruahine Ranges, V. D. Zotov! Reporoa Bog, Ruahine Ranges, V. D. Zotov! St. Andrews, Timaru, and well established in modified tussock grassland, Kaiwarra River, North Canterbury. Primulaceae. Lysimachia nummularia Linn. Moneywort. Recorded from the Lower Buller Valley by Allan (1940, p. 184) has now been found in damp places, Opotiki Flats, W. W. Hubbard! Polemoniaceae. * Species recorded for the first time for New Zealand. Collomia grandiflora Dougl. (Rocky Mountain region, U.S.A.) Established in orchard, Ripponvale, Cromwell, Williams! Specimens from Cardrona Valley (Kirk) appear to belong to this species. Boraginaceae. * Symphytum asperum Lepechin. Comfrey. (Eurasia.) A garden escape established in several localities; waste land, Mt. Hutt, Methven, R. Inch; Kaiapoi, on roadsides, Rewa (near Hunterville). Anchusa officinalis Linn. Alkanet. Recently found on ballast (of English origin), Wellington Harbour, and showing a tendency to persist and spread. Solanaceae. * Solanum dulcamara Linn. Bittersweet. (Europe.) Thoroughly established in Phormium swamp, Whitanui, A. L. Poole! Moutoa Swamp, Shannon, A. L. Poole! a garden escape at Hastings, V. D. Zotov! Oroua River, near Feilding! established on roadsides and fringes of plantation, Horsley Downs, near Hawarden. Solanum pseudocapsicum Linn. Jerusalem cherry. Recorded as occurring in damaged forest in North Island, has been noted in similar situations about Motueka and Nelson. Hyoscyamus niger Linn. Henbane. Collected by Kirk in 1896 from ballast at Wellington, and later recorded by Cheeseman (1925, p. 1077) from near Pakuranga, Auckland. This species has been recently collected on ballast (of English origin), Wellington Harbour. Convolvulaceae. Cuscuta campestris Yuncker. Field dodder. This species has recently been recorded by Allan (1944, p. 45), parasitic on sugar beet at Ohau.

Scrophulariaceae. Verbascum blattaria Linn. Moth mullein. Occurs in form erubescens Brugger at Bucklands Beach, Auckland, Mrs D. M. Mason! Masterton, N. Lamont! Antirrhinum orontium Linn. Lesser snapdragon. Recorded by Cheeseman (1906, p. 1082) for Auckland and Napier, and noted as with similar distribution by Allan (1940, p. 206), this species has been found in waste land at Picton, Blenheim, Richmond, Appleby, Motueka, Riwaka. It also occurs, sometimes in quantity, in tobacco fields at Motueka and Riwaka. † Species recorded for first time in earlier paper (Healy, 1943, pp. 324–332). Linaria arvensis (Linn.) Desf. (Mediterranean region.) In the earlier paper, acknowledgment of specimens collected by Dr. G. H. Cunningham was omitted, due to the fact that the writer was not aware of these specimens; they were collected about Blenheim some months earlier than the writer's. The species has recently been collected in waste places at Ward. Veronica americana Schwein. American brooklime. Recorded by Allan (1940, p. 303) from Hamilton, it has now been found at Ashburton, R. McGillivray! W. H. Vaughan! Veronica hederaefolia Linn. Ivy speedwell. Noted by Allan (1940, p. 303) from Owaka, Otago; it has been collected at Feilding, in 1933. Veronica verna Linn. Originally recorded by Allan (1940, p. 303) for Fairlie, and later noted from North Canterbury by Healy (1943, p. 332), has now been found to be more widely distributed—Medbury Plains; Black Hills region, North Canterbury; depleted tussock grassland, Molesworth Run, Marlborough, H. H. Allan! Veronica anagallis Linn. Water speedwell. New localities for this species are in swamps at spotswood; damp places along the Waiau-ua River, near Parnassus; Kaiwarra River; Beckenham Hills Station, Hurunui River; Waitohi River; Pahau River; Riverlands, near Blenheim. Specimens from Lowry Hills (between Cheviot and Culverden) and Maungaturoto, North Auckland, agree with V. aquatica Bernh. having pedicels spreading horizontally, and capsules longer than the calyx members. This latter is maintained as a distinct species by Hegi (1928, p. 63) but the minor differences between the two plants would indicate that it should be considered as a variety of V. anagallis Linn. Orobanchaceae. Orobanche minor Sutt. Broom rape. Specimens have been collected from Kaiapoi, Feilding, and Wellington, which belong to var. concolor (Duby) G. Beck. This variety is distinguished by its yellowish colour (see G. Beck-Managetta, 1930, p. 214). Labiateae. * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Satureja calamintha (Linn.) Scheele. Calamint. (Eurasia.) Established in hill country behind Puketapu, Hawke's Bay, W. H. Hartree! † Satureja vulgaris (Linn.) Fritsch. Wild basil. (Eurasia.) Recorded from Pelorus Sounds by Healy (1943, p. 331) the species

has now been found on roadsides between Ohakune and Horopito, J. E. Attwood! Rua Roa, near Dannevirke, Edwards! (this specimen previously recorded as S. acinos (Linn.) Scheele by Allan, 1935, p. 7); Picton. Satureja acinos (Linn.) Scheele. Basil thyme. Originally recorded by Kirk (1870, p. 141) as Calamintha acinos Clairy. The species is omitted from both editions of Cheeseman's Manual, but is cited by Thomson (1922, p. 460). It is recorded by Allan (1935, p. 7), but the specimens cited were incorrectly determined, and are discussed elsewhere. It has been found recently at Seafield, Ashburton, R. Inch! and there is a specimen in the Dominion Museum Herbarium collected by T. Kirk from Castle Howard Basin (c. 2,500 feet). Melissa officinalis Linn. Wild balm. Recorded originally by Smith (1904, p. 222) for Ashburton, and given by Cheeseman (1906, p. 1083) as a garden escape in a few localities. The species is recorded by Thomson (1922, p. 460), but is omitted from Cheeseman (1925) and Allan (1940). It has been found in several localities—Takaka, T. Kirk (coll. 1885)! North Manakau Road, R. Mason! Haywards, L. B. Moore! near Waitotara, A. H. Kendall! (this specimen recorded as Satureja acinos (Linn.) Scheele by Allan, 1935, p. 7); Maitai, Nelson, H. H. Allan! roadsides and waste places, Nelson; Motueka; Riwaka Settlement and Upper Riwaka Valley; Castelly Creek, North Canterbury. * Species recorded for the first time for New Zealand. Origanum vulgare Linn. Wild majoram. (Eurasia.) This pot herb has been found in the wild state at Four Peaks, Geraldine, D. Merry! R. Mason! Ben Lomond, L. Cockayne! Glechoma hederaceum Linn. Ground ivy. Previously recorded from the Wanganui River locality, this species has recently been noted as established near Cheviot, North Canterbury. Iridaceae. * Homeria collina (Thunb.) Vent. Cape tulip (South Africa). This troublesome species has been recently found established (several acres in extent) in pasture, Hamilton Bay, French Pass, H. C. Hope! The species is recorded from South Australia by Black (1922, p. 114) and Clarke (1939, pp. 30–42), from Victoria by Meadly (1943, pp. 133–137), it causing serious stock poisoning in both States. (A note as to the occurrence of the species appears in the annual report, Dept. S. & I. R. N.Z., which is in the press as this paper is being written.) * Romulea sp. Onion grass. (South Africa.) Specimens of Romulea probably R. rosea (Linn.) Eckl. have been collected from several North Auckland localities, but sufficiently mature plants have not been found to enable certain determination to be made. Established at Oruaiti and Maungonui, R. B. Steele! Whangarei, F. E. T. Suckling! Pukenui, Miss M. Wagener! Watsonia bulbillifera Matthews. This species occurs on roadsides about Motueka and Richmond.

Juncaceae. Juncus gerardi Lois. Recorded from Auckland and Dunedin (Allan, 1940, p. 308); has been noted as well established on mudflats, Havelock, Marlborough. Immature specimens from Porirua Harbour appear to belong to this species. Cyperaceae. * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Carex hirta Linn. Hairy sedge. (Eurasia.) Occurs in patches on grassy strand around mudflats, Havelock, Marlborough. * Carex riparia Curtis. Marsh sedge. (Eurasia.) Established on sandy peat, Springvale, Wanganui, A. R. Dingwall! Isolepis setacea (Linn.) R. Br. Recorded from Ashburton by Allan (1940, p. 3), has now been found at Dart River, near Lake Wakatipu, V. D. Zotov! Mt. Benger Station, Hurunui River. Carex divulsa Good. Recorded by Allan (1940, p. 221) for Auckland, has been collected from other North Island stations; Maungaturoto, A. Griffin! Gisborne, C. Camp! thoroughly well established in grassland and damp waste places, Colyton, Waiata, and Cheltenham (near Feilding), and Arapata, Rangitikei River. Gramineae. Cynosurus echinatus Linn. Rough dogstail. Previously recorded from the North Island by Allan (1940, p. 226), has now been collected from the South Island; Halswell, near Christchurch, P. Ruddy! Ashburton; Teddington; Picton; Blenheim. * Lolium remotum Schrank. (Europe.) Has been found in linen flax crops at Dunedin, J. M. Woodcock! This species is reported as associated with linen flax crops in Europe and elsewhere (Hegi, 1906, pp. 337–338). * Panicum miliaceum Linn. Broomcorn millet. (India, Egypt.) An adventive in waste places, appearing to originate from canary seed in most instances. Auckland, P. N. Smallfield! Wanganui, A. R. Dingwall! Feilding; Wellington; Greymouth, E. S. Dalgleish! Blenheim; Ashburton, J. K. McPherson! † Species recorded for first time in previous paper (Healy, 1943, pp. 324–332). Koeleria phleoides (Vill.) Pers. (Mediterranean region.) * Ehrharta erecta Lam. (South Africa.) Specimens agreeing with this species have been collected from footpath crevices, Wellington, and from a garden, Seatoun, Wellington, Mrs Sampson! Bromus carinatus Hook. et Arn. Previously recorded from Lincoln, Canterbury, by Allan (1940, p. 232) and for Marlborough by Healy (1943, p. 328), this species has been found at Springfield and other stations on railway line to Arthur's Pass, V. D. Zotov! at Cashmere Hills, Christchurch; Westport, I. A. McNeur! Richmond and Motueka. It is therefore shown to be distributed over the northern half of the South Island on both east and west coasts. The grass has been collected near Te Puke, Bay of Plenty, K. W. Allison! and at Tauranga, M. Hodgkins!

Hordeum marinum Huds. Previously recorded from the South Island, has now been collected at Raetihi, J. E. Attwood! * Species recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Poa palustris Linn. Fowl bluegrass. (Eurasia; North America.) This species occurs at Moutoa Swamp, near Shannon, A. L. Poole! V. D. Zotov! Bibliography. Allan, H. H., 1935. Additions to the Alien Flora of New Zealand. Trans. Roy. Soc. N.Z., vol. lxv, pp. 1–8. —– 1935. Notes on Recently Observed Exotic Weeds. 9. An Asiatic Knotweed. N.Z. Journ. Agric., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 96–97. —– 1940. A Handbook of the Naturalized Flora of New Zealand. N.Z. Dept. S. & I. R. Bull. 83, Government Printer, Wellington. —– 1944. Dodder. Its Life History and Methods of Control. N.Z. Journ. Agric., vol. lxviii, no. 1, p. 45. Beck-Mannagetta, G., 1930. Orobanchaceae. Das Pflanzenreich, 96: iv, p. 214. Leipzig. Brand, A. 1907. Polemoniaceae. Das Pflanzenreich, 27: iv, pp. 47–52. Leipzig. Black, J. M., 1922–29. Flora of South Australia. Government Printer, Adelaide. Cheeseman, T. F., 1883. The Naturalized Plants of the Auckland Botanical District. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. xv, p. 276. —– 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. Government Printer, Wellington. —– 1925. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. Government Printer, Wellington. Clarke, G. H., 1939. Important Weeds of South Australia. Part 2. Dept. of Agric. South Austr., Bull. 343, pp. 30–42. Healy, A. J., 1943. Some Hitherto Unrecorded Plant Stations. Trans. Roy. Soc., N.Z., vol. 72, pp. 324–332. Hegi, Gustav, 1908–1931. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel Europa, Munchen. Hooker, J. D., 1867. Handbook of the New Zealand Flora, p. 760. Kirk, T., 1870. On the Naturalized Plants of New Zealand, Especially With Regard to Those Occurring in the Province of Auckland. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. ii, p. 142. —– 1899. The Students' Flora of New Uealand. Government Printer, Wellington. Knuth, R., 1930. Oxalidaceae. Das Pflanzenreich, 95: iv, pp. 1–481. Meadly, G. R. N., 1943. Cape Tulip. Journ. Agric. West Austr., vol. xx, no. 2, pp. 133–137. Small, J. K., 1907. Oxalidaceac. North American Flora, vol. xxv, part 1, pp. 25–56. Smith, W. W., 1904. Plants Naturalized in the County of Ashburton. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. xxxvi, pp. 217–220. Steward, A. N., 1930. The Polygonaceae of Eastern Asia. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. Thomson, G. M., 1874. On Some Naturalized Plants of Otago. Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 372. —– 1922. The Naturalization of Animals and Plants in New Zealand. University Press, Cambridge, p. 378.