Records of Plant Stations.

Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Volume 71, 1942, Page 82

Records of Plant Stations. By George Simpson and J. Scott Thomson. [Read before the Otago Branch of the Royal Society of N.Z., November 12, 1940; received by the Editor, November 19, 1940; issued separately, June, 1941.] Filices. Hymenophyllum malingii (Hook.) Mett. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. On the base of a living Libocedrus bidwillii. H. minimum A. Rich. Nelson—rocks near Aorere River, Bainham. Trichomanes humile Forst. f. Nelson—banks of Kaituna River, near Bainham. T. colensoi Hook. f. Otago—on tree trunks near Deep Coye, Doubtful Sound. Dicksonia lanata Col. Nelson—forests near Collingwood, common. Dryopteris velutina (A. Rich.) O. Kuntze. N.W. Nelson—in low forest at Kahurangi Point. Lindsaya linearis Swtz. Nelson—in forest at Pakawau, West Wanganui Inlet. Asplenium trichomanes Linn. Otago—gullies at Eweburn Creek, near Naseby. A. adiantoides (Linn.) C. Chr. X flaccidum Forst. f. South Westland—epiphytic on rimu near Okuru. A. anomodum Col. Otago—limestone rock at Green Valley, near Dunback; Limestone rock at Mount St. Mary, Kurow. Blechnum vulcanicum (B1.) Kuhn. Marlborough—Ure River. Otago—not uncommon on banks at edges or openings in forest, and in similar situations at Stewart Island. Doubtful Sound—on rocks near the sea. According to Cheese-man, this species is found in North Island in “dry open woods” and in South Island “more frequently in the sub-alpine forests of Nelson and Canterbury.” It grows vigorously at the edges of forests in districts of high rainfall, but in drier situations its fronds are much reduced. B. banksii (Hook. f.) Mett. N.W. Nelson—coastal cliffs between Paturau and Kahurangi Point. Common. B. filiforme (A. Cunn.) Ettingh. N.W. Nelson—on nikau palms at Kahurangi Point. B. nigrum (Col.) Mett. Nelson—at stream banks near Kaituna River; Otago—moist banks at Deep Cove, Doubtful Sound. B. fraseri (A. Cunn.) Luerss. Nelson—ridges in forest at Kaituna River, near Bainham.

Pellaea falcata Fee. Central Otago—hillsides above the Clutha River, between Clyde and Cromwell. P. rotundifolia (Forst. f.) Hook. N.W. Nelson—coastal in dense windswept masses of Metrosideros perforata, with its fronds often 0·5 m. tall. It is stated by Cheeseman to be “not uncommon in dry woods,” but it occurs also in moist situations, and it is common in rain forest at Doubtful Sound. Pteris macilenta A. Rich. N. Nelson—in forest near Kaituna River. Polypodium grammitidis R. Br. Otago—Black Head, near Dunedin, in crevices of coastal cliffs; Doubtful Sound, epiphyte on Olearia operina, etc., to tide level, and on old drifted trees on beaches. Botrychium ternatum Sw. S.W. Marlborough—on grassy roadsides near the Pelorus River, A. W. Wastney. Pinaceae. Libocedrus plumosa (Don) Sargent. N. Nelson—near Collingwood and at Pakawau, near Westhaven Inlet, A. W. Wastney. Gramineae. Spinifex hirsutus Lab. N.W. Nelson—on sand dunes near Kahurangi Point. Microlaena thomsoni Petrie. Nelson—in grassland above Boulder Lake. M. colensoi Petrie. Nelson—in grassland above Boulder Lake. M. polynoda Hook. f. Marlborough—at edges of coastal forest near Goose Bay. Agrostis pallescens Cheeseman. Otago—swampy places on the Kakanui Mountains. A. dyeri Petrie. Nelson—in grassland on Mount Technical, above Lewis Pass. Deyeuxia glabra Petrie. Otago—grassland, Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu. Trisetum antarcticum (Forst. f.) Trin. Otago—Bold Peak. T. youngii Hook. f. Otago—grassland on Lammermoor Range; Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. T. subspicatum Beauv. Marlborough—on debris on Mount Tapuaenuku, at 1000 m. Danthonia crassiuscula T. Kirk. Otago—Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu, at 1400 m. D. oreophila Petrie. Otago—Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu, at 1200 m. D. setifolia (Hook. f.) Ckn. South Westland—silted hollows in peridotite rock at Martyr Hill. D. semiannularis R. Br. var. nigricans Petrie. Otago—this is the common form near Dunedin.

Triodia australis Petrie. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. Koeleria cheesemanii Petrie. Marlborough—alpine fellfield on Mount Tapuaenuku. 1800 m. Otago—amongst rock on Horse Range. 500 m. K. novo-zelandica Domin. Marlborough—rocky places on ridge above Dee River. 1500 m. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. 1200 m. K. kurtzii Hack. Marlborough—rocky fellfield, Mount Tapuaenuku. 1500 m. Poa novae-zelandiae var. subvestita Hack. Otago—debris slopes, Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu; Wanaka Mountains. 1500 m. P. caespitosa Forst. f. var. planifolia Petrie. N.W. Nelson—common on coastal stations. P. acicularifolia Buch. Marlborough—limestone debris at Isolated Hill and Chalk Range. P. maniototo Petrie var. Southland—fellfield on the Garvie Mountains. 800 m. P. sclerophylla Bergger. Marlborough—debris slopes on Mt. Tapuaenuku. 1800–2000 m. Asperella laevis Petrie. Otago—stream banks at Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu. 600 m. Cyperaceae. Schoenus axillaris Poir. N.W. Nelson—in wet places on old hauling tracks at Pakawau. Gahnia rigida T. Kirk. N. Nelson—at edges of pakahi swamps above the Aorere River, Bainham. G. procera Forst. South Westland—at edges of forest, Doubtful Sound. Carex kirkii Petrie. North Otago—Grassland on Mt. St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. 800 m. C. muelleri Petrie. Marlborough—river flats at Dee River. C. appressa R. Br. Doubtful Sound. C. inversa R. Br. var. costata Kukenth. Otago—on loose soils at Lake Wakatipu, near Kingston. C. lagopina Linn. Otago—West Branch of the Matukituki River. 1500 m. C. subdola Bott. Otago—in swampy places on the Chain Hills, near Dunedin. Palmae. Rhopalostylis sapida (Sol. ex Forst. f.) Wendl. ex Drude. N.W. Nelson—Te Rata Creek and Kahurangi Point. Restiaceae. Leptocarpus simplex A. Rich. Otago—stony shores of Lake Manapouri.

Juncaceae. Juncus maritimus Lam. var. australiensis Buchen. Otago—tidal swamps at Evansdale. J. luxurians Col. Otago—not uncommon. The stems are slender and the cymes are large and lax. Luzula campestris D.C. var. petrieana Buchen. Otago—Bold Peak, above the Caples Valley, Lake Wakatipu. 1500 m. Liliaceae. Astelia solandri A. Cunn. (=A. cunninghamii Hook. f.). N.W. Nelson—abundant in forests from West Wanganui to Kahurangi Point and eastward to Collingwood. A. petriei Ckn. Otago—common in grassland, McKinnon Pass, Gertrude Saddle, Key Summit, and eastward to Lake Harris and the Matukituki Valley. Collospermum hastatum Col. (=Astelia solandri Hook. f.). Marlborough—coastal stations south of Kaikoura. Libertia peregrinans Ckn. et Allan. Otago—in grassland on clay banks near Akatore Creek and at Waitati; amongst rocks on ridge below Signal Hill; sand dunes on island, in Blueskin Bay—north and south of and at Dunedin. Yellow-green, frequently bronze-green when older. Polygonaceae. Rumex neglectus T. Kirk. N.W. Nelson—moist sandy soil at Te Rata Creek and Big River. Caryophyllaceae. Scleranthus biflorus (Forst.) Hook. f. var. uniflorus Ckn. Otago—Cecil Peak, Lake Wakatipu. This variety is conspicuously green, finer, and more mosslike than the species. Ranunculaceae. Myosurus aristatus Benth. Otago—on gravelly soils at the mouth of the Waitaki River. A bad weed on poor soil near Queenstown. Ranunculus buchanani Hook. f. var. latilobus Allan. Otago—upper basins of the Matukituki River near Hector's Col, common. R. lappaceus Hook. f. var. villosus T. Kirk. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley, 1200 m. Magnoliaceae. Pseudowintera colorata (Raoul) Dandy. Doubtful Sound—at sea level. Ps. traversii (Buch.) Dandy. N.W. Nelson—grassland on hills above Boulder Lake, 1000 m. Monimiaceae. Laurelia novae-zelandiae A. Cunn. N.W. Nelson—abundant at swampy flats from Westhaven Inlet to the Paturau River; banks of Big River.

Cruciferae. Nasturtium wallii Carse. Otago—rock crevices at Bold Peak and Mount Bonpland, 1000–1500 m. Cardamine bilobata T. Kirk. Otago—limestone in the Lower Waitaki Valley, near Duntroon. Lepidium tenuicaule T. Kirk. Otago—on silted banks at Akatore Creek, south of the Taieri River, plentiful. Notothlaspi australe Hook. f. Marlborough—shingle slopes in upper basins at Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin. 1200 m. Pittosporaceae. Pittosporum colensoi Hook. f. Otago—common from Lake Manapouri and Lake Te Anau to the Western Sounds; Eglinton and Homer Valleys; Matukituki Valley. P. cornifolium A. Cunn. N.W. Nelson—Collingwood, Westhaven, Paturau River, and south to Kahurangi Point; an extremely common high epiphyte on Metrosideros robusta and Laurelia novae-zelandiae. Rosaceae. Rubus cissoides A. Cunn (R. australis in Cheeseman) X squarrosus Fritsch (R. cissoides loc. cit.). This hybrid frequently occurs where the species intermingle. Our specimens were collected in remnants of bush at the Dunedin Botanic Gardens. R. cissoides X subpauperatus Ckn. Specimens of this hybrid collected at the upper margin of bush at Fraser's Creek, Dunedin, have 5-foliate leaves, much narrower than, but resembling, those of R. cissoides. The branches are reddish, densely armed with red prickles. R. squarrosus X subpauperatus. Remnants of bush at Dunedin Botanic Gardens. R. cissoides X australis Forst. f. (R. schmidelioides in Cheeseman). R. australis is found in scattered localities near Dunedin, and our hybrid specimens were collected in Leptospermum ericoides forest near Waitati, where both parents are plentiful. Acaena saccaticupula Bitter. Marlborough—banks of the Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin. 1000 m. Canterbury—terrace slopes at the Poulter River, Upper Waimakariri; Porter River. 700 m. Otago—moist hollows on the Wanaka Mountains, 1200 m.; Mount French, 1500 m.; river flats in the upper valley of the Matukituki River. A. hirsutula Bitter. Marlborough—upper forest margins at Dee River. Canterbury—Porter River; Poulter River, in terrace scrub.

A. fissistipula Bitter. Marlborough—upper forest margin at Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin, 1250 m. Canterbury—terrace slopes at Poulter River. 600 m. A. novae-zelandiae var. pallida T. Kirk. Otago—The Spit, Otago Heads, Wickliffe Bay, and other places on Otago Peninsula, on sand dunes. The leaves are dark shining green, with the under surfaces almost glaucous. The “pale yellow green” colour, apparently the reason for the epithet, is that of old or damaged leaves. A. novae-zelandiae X microphylla. This is not an uncommon hybrid where the species meet. Our specimens were collected on the North Taieri Road near the crossing of the Silverstream water-race. In the size of the leaves and heads, and in the length of the scapes, the hybrid resembles A. novae-zelandiae, but it has some of the reddish colour of A. microphylla and the conspicuously red cupules and spines of that species. A. glabra Buch. Marlborough—in grassland above forest at Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin. Canterbury—Porter's Pass and Mount Torlesse. Leguminosae. Notospartium torulosum T. Kirk Canterbury—Dog Creek, Hanmer. Erect and 3–4 m. high. Edwardsia prostrata (Buch.) W. R. Oliv. Otago and Canterbury—both sides of the Waitaki Valley above Kurow. Meliaceae. Dysoxylum spectabile Hook. f. Nelson—near Whakapuaka, one large tree on a cleared hillside. A. W. Wastney. Euphorbiaceae. Poranthera alpina Cheesem Nelson—Mount Duppa. A. W. Wastney. Mr. C. M. Smith informs us that this species occurs at sea-level on the N.W. coast. Stackhousiaceae. Stackhousia minima Hook. f. South Westland—in silted hollows in peridotite rock on Martyr Hill, inland from Jackson's Bay. Tiliaceae. Entelea arborescens R. Br. N.W. Nelson—Te Rata Creek and Big River. First discovered at Te Rata Creek by C. M. Smith and A. W. Wastney. Mr. Edwards, of Puturau, informed us that this plant was plentiful at Kahurangi Point before the forest was cleared, and Mr. Arthur Page, lighthouse keeper, gave us similar information. This is probably the southern limit of the species, but little is known of the coastal vegetation between Kahurangi and Karamea.

Malvaceae. Plagianthus betulinus A. Cunn. X divaricatus J. R. et G. Forst. Otago—common near the tidal edges of moist flats at Bradshaw Sound, Doubtful Sound, and the Arthur River, Milford Sound, where both parents are plentiful. Hoheria lyallii Hook. f. X angustifolia Raoul. Marlborough—Chalk Range. On limestone at upper margins of Podocarpus forest. Violaceae. Melicytus ramiflorus J. R. et G. Forst. X micranthus Hook. f. Otago—Coastal scrub on the south side of Waitati Inlet, near Dunedin. M. ramiflorus abounds, but a few plants only of M. micranthus have been seen here. Thymelaeaceae. Pimelea longifolia Banks and Sol. ex Wikstr. N.W. Nelson—edges of forest at Paturau. P. arenaria A. Cunn. N.W. Nelson—on sand dunes near Kahurangi Point. Myrtaceae. Metrosideros scandens (Forst. f.) Druce. Otago—Anita Bay, Milford Sound. Eugenia maire A. Cunn. Nelson—in moist ground, Whakapuaka. A. W. Wastney. Onagraceae. Epilobium erectum Petrie N.W. Nelson—common at Westhaven Inlet. Otago—an extremely common weed in most of the Dunedin Botanical Subdistrict, frequently 1·5 m. or more in height. E. pycnostachyum Hausskn. Marlborough—shingle slopes above Fuchsia Creek, Awatere Valley. The term “dry shingle slopes,” so often employed, is misleading, as only lichens can exist on the driest slopes. Generally the surface is dry, but shingle-slip plants find ample moist rooting amongst the underlying smaller debris through which the higher slopes are drained. E. matthewsii Petrie. Otago—an extremely common rock plant at Mount Elliot and Mount Balloon, McKinnon Pass, in the upper parts of the Cleddau Valley, and the Hollyford. Petrie described the corolla as pink, but the flowers are white, but pink or reddish in bud. Umbelliferae. Schizeilema exiguum (Buch.) Domin. Otago—Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu. Eryngium vesiculosum Lab. North Otago—amongst introduced grasses on clay cliffs near the sea, south of the Kakanui River. A troublesome plant, extending widely and deeply in cultivation, and penetrating masonry edgings through the smallest of openings.

Actinotus suffocata (Hook. f.) Rodway. Otago—moist places against rock, Garvie Mountains. Aciphylla lyallii Hook. f. Otago—McKinnon Pass; Gertrude Saddle; basins above the Hollyford and Eglinton Rivers; Wilmot Pass. A. townsoni Cheeseman. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. A. hectori Buch. Otago—common in the upper basins of the Matukituki River. A. kirkii Buch. Otago—common on the Wanaka Mountains and in upper basins of the Matukituki River. A. congesta Cheeseman. Otago—hills above Lake Harris, McKinnon Pass, Upper Hollyford, Cleddau Valley. A. spedeni Cheesem. Otago—mountains behind Walter Peak and Cecil Peak, Lake Wakatipu. This plant is best distinguished in the field by the greyish-green colour of its leaves and the pink-tipped leaf segments. A. dobsoni Petrie. Otago—common on shingle slips and on fellfield at the summit of Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. This is not in the strict sense a true shingle slip plant, but attains its greatest size on fellfield, where its closely branched stems form a rounded mass frequently 0·5 m. or more in diameter. A. simplex Petrie. Otago—Cecil Peak and mountains behind Walter Peak, Lake Wakatipu. Common amongst rocks and attaining the dimensions given above for A. dobsoni. The inflorescence of both species are severely attacked by large black beetles, and Mr. J. A. McPherson, Director, Botanic Gardens, Christchurch, informs us that he has seen the inflorescence of A. simplex at the Garvie Mountains, altogether destroyed by them. Anisotome capillifolia Ckn. Otago—a common alpine plant on the wetter mountains of Otago, above the limits of subalpine scrub. A. carnosula (Hook. f.) Ckn et Laing. Marlborough—Mount Tapuaenuku, 1600 m. Angelica geniculata (Forst. f.) Hook. f. Otago—scrambling over scrub near Kyeburn. A. decipiens (Hook. f. et Benth.) Hook. f. Otago—Wanaka Mountains. Epacridaceae. Cyathodes colensoi Hook. f. Otago—grassland behind Mount Maungatua near Dunedin, 350 m.; Mount Ida, 500 m. The Wilderness and waste lands near Lake Manapouri. Dracophyllum pronum W. R. Oliv. South Westland—Martyr Hill, inland from Jackson's Bay. Otago—Upper Routeburn Valley.

D. politum (Cheesem.) Ckn. Otago—Mount Ida; Rock and Pillar Range. D. palustre Ckn. Canterbury—swamps at Lewis Pass. Westland—swamps at Rahu Saddle. D. kirkii Berggr. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. D. pubescens Cheesem. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake and the Aorere River, at upper forest margins. D. acicularifolium (Cheesem.) Ckn. Canterbury—extremely common at Porter's Pass and lower slopes of Mount Torlesse; between Cass and the Poulter River. D. menziesii Hook. f. Otago—in subalpine scrub and grassland at McKinnon Pass; Hollyford and Eglinton Valleys; Matukituki Valley; Hector's Col; Mount French. D. fiordense W. R. Oliv. Otago—rock ledges at Mount Balloon; McKinnon Pass; Sutherland Falls; subalpine scrub and rock at Cleddau Valley, Milford Sound. Easily overlooked in precipitous habitats and apparently common on the mountains. D. traversii Hook. f. Westland—upper forest at Kelly's Hill; Waiho, near glaciers. S. Westland—Martyr Hill, inland from Jackson's Bay. Myrsinaceae. Suttonia nummularia Hook. f. Otago—Common on most of the wetter mountains, straggling amongst subalpine scrub, rather rare on the drier hills. Loganiaceae. Geniostoma ligustrifolium A. Cunn. N.W. Nelson—coastal stations at Te Rata Creek, Big River, and Kahurangi. Gentianaceae. Gentiana grisebachii Hook. f. Otago—an extremely common plant on moist river flats in the valleys at the head of Lakes Wakatipu and Wanaka. G. gracilifolia Cheesem. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. G. corymbifera T. Kirk var. Marlborough—grassland above forest at the Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin. In this habitat the stems are tall and stout, everywhere light brown in colour, and the cauline leaves are connate at the base. G. serotina Ckn. Otago—common on Mihiwaka Hill, near Dunedin. G. astoni Petrie Marlborough—Ure River Gorge; Isolated Peak; Chalk Range. G. saxosa Forst. f. Southland—grassland of sandy soils at Curio Bay and Riverton.

Boraginaceae. Myosotis pulvinaris Hook. f. Otago—McKinnon Pass; Gertrude Saddle; Matukituki River; Hector's Col; Mount French. Verbenaceae. Teucridium parvifolium Hook. f. Otago—Evansdale, north of Dunedin; Trotter's Reserve, North Otago. Scrophulariaceae. Jovellana repens (Hook. f.) Kranzl. N.W. Nelson—moist banks near the Kaituna and Aorere Rivers, near Bainham. Mazus radicans (Hook. f.) Cheesem. Canterbury—moist grassland at Lake Mary Mere. Otago—Strath Taieri. Hebe subalpina Ckn. Otago—subalpine scrub and grassland at McKinnon Pass; Hollyford and Eglinton Valleys; Matukituki Valley; Hector's Col; Mount French. H. buxifolia Benth. var. paucramosa Ckn. et Allan. Otago—in swampy places on the Garvie Mountains; Wanaka Mountains; summit of the Longwood Range. H. buchanani (Hook. f.) Ckn. et Allan. Otago—Mount St. Mary; Waitaki Valley; Dunstan Range; Rough Peaks; Wanaka Mountains. —var. major Cheesem. Otago—the form on rock above Lindis Pass, first discovered by Cockayne, is constant. —var. exigua Cheesem. Otago—summit of Rock and Pillar Range, common and only form in this habitat. H. pimeleoides var. rupestris Ckn. et Allan. Otago—on rocky bluffs above the Clutha River, Roxburgh. H. hectori (Hook. f.) Ckn. et Allan. Otago—McKinnon Pass; Hollyford and Eglinton Valleys; Lake Harris and upper basins of the Matukituki River; Wanaka Mountains. H. propinqua X H. buxifolia var. pauciramosa. Otago—Garvie Mountains. One of the hybrid forms recorded as H. cassinioides (Petrie) Ckn. H. epacridea (Hook. f.) Ckn. et Allan. Otago—Mount St. Mary; Mount Ida; Lindis Pass. This is a composite group with large and small-leaved jordanons, some brownish in colour and others quite green. H. haastii var. macrocalyx Cheesem. Canterbury—Blimit Peak, Arthur's Pass. H. petriei (T. Kirk) Ckn. et Allan. Otago—stony debris at Ailsa Mountains, Lake Wakatipu.

H. birleyi N. E. Br. Otago—in rock flour and silt on the upper ridges of Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu. H. linifolia (Hook. f.) Allan. Otago—in all upper basins at the head of Lake Wakatipu and Lake Wanaka. H. catarractae (Forst. f.) Allan. Otago—common on wet banks between Lake Manapouri and Doubtful Sound, and between Lake Te Anau and Milford Sound. Our specimens have lanceolate, acuminate, coarsely serrate leaves, pale below, similar to those described by Hooker as collected by Lyall at Dusky Sound. H. lyallii (Hook. f.) Allan. Marlborough—Dee River, 1250 m. Otago—Routeburn; Bold Peak; Wanaka Mountains; Matukituki River. —var. angustata Petrie. Westland—Waiho River. H. bidwillii (Hook. f.) Allan. Marlborough—Dee River; Ure River. Canterbury—Upper Waimakariri River; Poulter River. Otago—stream beds below Kurow Mountains; Dart River; Routeburn Valley. Ourisia macrocarpa Hook. f. Otago—McKinnon Pass; Mount Balloon; Hollyford Basins; Lake Harris; Bold Peak; upper basins of the Matukituki River; Mount French; Hector's Col. O. sessiliflora Hook. f. Otago—common from McKinnon Pass eastward to Lake Harris and the Matukituki River. O. cockayniana Petrie. Otago—Bold Peak and Lake Harris. Canterbury—Upper Clarence River. (Sent by Mr. W. B. Brockie). The differing forms need comparison with the plant of Mount Alexander. O. caespitosa Hook. f. Otago—common on debris at the Cleddau Valley and McKinnon Pass eastward to Lake Wakatipu and Lake Wanaka. —var. gracilis Hook. f. Otago—common on moist banks of Mount St. Mary; Mount Ida; Mount Kyeburn; Rock and Pillar Range; Bold Peak. 1000–1250 m. O. prorepens Petrie. Otago—upper basins of the Routeburn, Hollyford, and Matukituki Rivers; Mount Balloon and McKinnon Pass. O. glandulosa Hook. f. Otago—Wanaka Mountains.

Euphrasia revoluta Hook. f. Otago—Wanaka Mountains; Bold Peak and Upper Routeburn Valley. E. zealandica Wettst. Otago—moist flats at the Upper Routeburn Valley; Matukituki River Valley. Myoporaceae. Myoporum laetum Forst. f. Otago—Port Molyneux. This is an extremely rare plant south of the Taieri River, and large trees here may have been planted. Rubiaceae. Coprosma brunnea (T. Kirk) Ckn. S. Westland—on all river beds from the Haast and Lands-borough Rivers to the Cascade River. C. rugosa Cheesem. Otago—east and west of the Rock and Pillar Range; valleys at the head of Lake Wakatipu and Lake Wanaka; Spey River to Doubtful Sound; Arthur and Clinton Rivers; Milford. Sound. A common plant in Otago at river and stream banks and in moist subalpine basins. It spreads into thickets by suckering and root branching. C. cheesemanii W. R. Oliv. Otago—common in grassland and scrub at Mount Ida; Flagstaff Hill; Swampy Hill; Mount Maungatua, and other hills near Dunedin; Garvie Mountains; Mount Bonpland and Upper Routeburn Valley. C. ciliata Hook. f. Otago—common in forest at Doubtful and Milford Sounds and eastward to the Routeburn and Matukituki Valleys; Garvie Mountains. C. astoni Petrie. Otago—Lake Manapouri to Doubtful Sound; Clinton and Arthur Rivers; Cleddau Valley; Milford Sound; Hollyford and Eglinton Valleys; Matukituki Valley; in beech forest, common. C. colensoi. N.W. Nelson—Westhaven Inlet. Otago—Matukituki River, in upper valleys. C. rigida Cheesem. Nelson—Maruia, at stream banks. Canterbury—Porter River Springs, Upper Waimakariri. Otago—common near Dunedin. A plant of moist situations. C. tenuicaulis Hook. f. N.W. Nelson—swampy flats between Westhaven Inlet and Paturau. C. areolata Cheesem. N.W. Nelson—near Paturau. Otago—Pigroot. On exposed ridges.

C. rhamnoides A. Cunn. Otago—common in forest and frequently the only undergrowth at Nothofagus or Leptospermum ericoides forest margins. We refer the Otago plant to this species rather than to C. polymorpha W. R. Oliv. The young leaves are narrow, but all older ones are broadly ovate to orbicular, yellow-green to brownish. It is quite different from the finer and extremely polymorphic plant common in Marlborough. C. serrulata Hook. f. Otago—McKinnon Pass and eastward to Lake Harris; Matukituki Valley; Hector's Col; and Mount French. C. robusta Raoul. Otago—gullies on the north side of the Horse Range. Not known to us south of this point. Introduced on the Town Belt, Dun-edin, and increasing rapidly. The late Mr. Charles Traill cultivated this species and C. australis in his garden at Ulva, Stewart Island, and both are spreading. C.lucida Forst. f. N.W. Nelson—on coastal stations. Otago—Lake Wanaka and Lake Wakatipu and their upper valleys; Lake Te Anau; Lake Manapouri; near Dunedin at Mount Maungatua, Waipori; Woodside; Outram Glen. Nertera depressa B. and S. ex Gaertn. Otago—Doubtful and Milford Sound and eastward in all valleys and forest openings. N. balfouriana Ckn. Otago—moist places at the Collins River, Lake Wakatipu. Campanulaceae. Lobelia anceps Linn. N.W. Nelson—common in a robust form on coastal stations from Paturau southward to Kahurangi Point. L. linnaeoides Petrie. Otago—tussock grassland at the Wanaka Mountains; Bold Peak, Cecil Peak, Rough Peaks, Lake Wakatipu; Kurow Mountains, Waitaki Valley; Mount Ida. L. roughii Hook. f. Otago—on loose shingle on ridges of Mount Ida. Isotoma fluviatilis (R. Br.) G. Muell. Otago—tarns between Dunback and Macraes. Wahlenbergia flexilis Petrie. Marlborough—in grassland and scrub at the Kekerangu River and the Inner Clarence Basin. Cheeseman considered this “a curious and apparently very variable species,” but it is remarkably constant in these habitats, where it was first discovered by Mr. B. C. Aston. W. congesta (Cheesem.) N. E. Brown. N.W. Nelson—sand dunes at Kahurangi Point. Stylidiaceae. Donatia novae-zelandiae Hook. f. South Westland—Martyr Hill, near Jackson's Bay and the Cascade River. Nelson—Mount Technical.

Phyllachne rubra (Hook. f.) Cheesem. Otago—Wanaka Mountains. Forstera sedifolia (Linn.) var. oculata Cheesem. Otago—McKinnon Pass and eastward to the Upper Routeburn and Matukituki Valleys. F. mackayi Allan. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. Oreostylidium subulatum (Hook. f.) Berger. Otago—Key Summit, Eglinton Valley; Garvie Mountains. Compositae. Lagenophora barkeri T. Kirk var. Otago—Spey River and Wilmot Pass; Clinton and Arthur Rivers; Milford Sound. L. pinnatifida Hook. f. var. hirsutissima. Otago—amongst mosses under Dacrydium bidwillii at The Wilderness, near Lake Te Anau; forest at Lake Te Anau; Milford Sound; Spey River; Wilmot Pass; Doubtful Sound. Pachystegia insignis (Hook. f.) Cheesem. var. minor Cheesem. Marlborough—Amuri Bluff; Clarence River, near the bridge. Olearia cheesemmanii Ckn. et Allan. Nelson—banks of the Aorere River, Bainham. On rocky platforms. O. cymbifolia (Hook. f.) Cheesem. Otago—Wanaka Mountains; Cecil Peak and Rough Peaks, Lake Wakatipu; Mount Maungatua, near Dunedin. This species has many forms, differing much in leaf size and colour and in the degree in which the leaves are revolute. The forms are constant where they occur. O. moschata Hook. f. X cymbifolia. Otago—subalpine scrub at the Lochy River, Lake Wakatipu. Celmisia lateralis Buch. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. C. densiflora Hook. f. Otago—Dunstan Range; a common plant in Otago. C. bonplandii (Buch.) Ckn. Otago—a common subalpine plant in the mountains at the head of Lake Wakatipu, often pendant over rocky faces to 0·5 m. or more in length. C. incana Hook. f. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. C. haastii Hook. f. var. Otago—Rock and Pillar Range. C. cockayniana Petrie. Marlborough—Ure River Valley. C. hieracifolia Hook. f. Nelson—Mount Duppa, plentiful. C. dallii Buch. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake, plentiful. C. dubia Cheesem. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake and the Aorere River.

C. armstrongii Petrie. South Westland—grassland on Martyr Hill, inland from Jackson's Bay. C. viscosa Hook. f. Otago—Wanaka Mountains; Rock and Pillar Range. On this latter range it forms colonies often 25 m. or more in extent. C. hookeri Ckn. Otago—on rock above Pigroot Creek; rock ledges at the Waianakarua River. C. verbascifolia Hook. f. Otago—upper basins of the Matukituki River near Hector's Col; Mount French. C. coriacea (Forst. f.) Hook. f. var. stricta Ckn. Otago—abundant on the Garvie Mountains. C. coriacea var. stricta X petiolata Hook. f. (= C. coriacea var. lanigera Petrie). Otago—Garvie Mountains. The leaves are covered everywhere by thick white woolly tomentum. C. coriacea var. stricta X densiflora Hook. f. Otago—Mount Maungatua, near Dunedin. A mixed colony of Celmisia with and without under-surface tomentum, and hybrids between these, occur on the southern end of the mountain with C. coriacea var. stricta. The hybrid has the silvery colour of this latter species, but favours C. densiflora in its general character. C. lanceolata Ckn. Southland—Longwood Range. A constant species. C. glandulosa Hook. f. Otago—in the upper valley of the Matukituki River this is an important, often the dominant, plant in the vegetation of river flats and moist hillsides. Gnaphalium keriense A. Cunn. N. Nelson—banks of Kaituna and Aorere Rivers, near Bainham. Raoulia subulata Hook. f. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Kurow Mountains; Bold Peak and Upper Routeburn. R. youngii (Hook. f.) Beauv. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. R. hectori Hook. f. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley; common on fellfield of easy grade, forming hard, dense, silvery convex mats to 50 cm. or more in diameter. — var mollis Buch. ex T. Kirk. Otago—Rock and Pillar Range; Rough Peaks, Lake Wakatipu; Garvie Mountains. Mats soft and much more open in character, somewhat brownish in colour rather than silvery. R. petriensis T. Kirk. Otago—Mount Ida; Mount St. Mary. On stony debris.

R. parkii Buch. Otago—Rock and Pillar Range; Kurow Mountains; Mount Ida; Maniototo Plain, near Naseby. R. apice-nigra T. Kirk. Otago—common in the arid central districts. R. haastii Hook. f. Otago—riverbeds at Naseby; Strath Taieri; Caples River and Collins River, Lake Wakatipu. Cotula willcoxii Cheesem. Otago—rock ledges on mountains above Lake Harris; Matukituki Valley. C. goyeni Petrie. Otago—Cecil Peak and Rough Peaks, Lake Wakatipu, 1000 m. C. pyrethrifolia Hook. f. Otago—mountains above Lake Harris on rock ledges, 1200 m. C. squalida Hook. f. Otago—common on river flats and amongst subalpine scrub in all the valleys of the Lake District, at sea-level at Doubtful and Milford Sounds. C. dioica Hook. f. var. crenatifolia T. Kirk. Otago—moist ground at Duntroon. Ewartia sinclairii (Hook. f.) Cheesem. Marlborough—rock ledges at water-fall in the upper gorge of the Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin. E. sinclairii X Helichrysum bellidioides = H. fowerakeri. At the above habitat, with the parent species mingling. Helichrysum microphyllum (Hook. f.) Benth. and Hook. f. var. Otago—Mount Dick, Rough Peaks, Bayonet Peak, Cecil Peak, Bold Peak, Lake Wakatipu. Cassinia albida T. Kirk. Marlborough—common from the hills above Kekerangu to the upper basins of the Dee River, Inner Clarence Basin. Senecio bellidioides Hook. f. var. glabratus T. Kirk. Marlborough—beech forest at the Pelorus Bridge. — var. angustatus T. Kirk. N.W. Nelson—hills above Boulder Lake. S. southlandicus Ckn. Otago—hills between the Taieri Plain and the sea, from Otokia southward—common; Manuka Gorge. Cheeseman (1925, p. 1014) was of opinion that “this would probably have been better treated as a form of S. bellidioides,” but that species, as at present recognised, is already too great a mixture to extend. S. lyallii Hook. f. Otago—shaded gullies at Mount Ida. Cheeseman (1925, p. 1015) considered this to be “Extremely plentiful in swamps,” but its habitat is in wet, often dripping, but well-drained situations. It has a wider range than S. scorzoneroides, and is to be found on many “dry” mountains at shaded gullies. S. hectori Buch. N.W. Nelson—from Collingwood to near the sea at Paturau.

S. revolutus (Buch.) T. Kirk. Otago—Mount Dick, Cecil Peak, Bayonet Peak, and mountains at the back of Walter Peak, Lake Wakatipu; Upper Matukituki Valley and westward to McKinnon Pass. S. cassinioides X haastii. Canterbury—Governor's Bush, Mount Cook. An interesting hybrid with leaves smaller but resembling those of the herbaceous S. haastii, and long stems with thin papery bark similar to that of S. cassinioides. S. bidwillii (Hook. f.) var. viridis T. Kirk. Nelson—Mount Technical, above Lewis Pass. Crepis novae-zelandiae Hook. f. Otago—Mount St. Mary, Waitaki Valley. Canterbury—Broken River Basin on limestone. This is by no means as easily found as Cheeseman's record of “Not uncommon in mountain districts, etc.,” would indicate.