ENGLISH CARDINALS BEFORE AND SINCE THE REFORMATION.

New Zealand Tablet, Volume III, Issue 119, 6 August 1875, Page 8

ENGLISH CARDINALS BEFORE AND SINCE THE REFORMATION.

Robert Ptoots, de Poule, or Pulleyn, Archdeacon of Rochester, was made Cardinal and Chancellor by Lucius 11. in 1144 He was the author of Sententiarum libri, and died in 1150. Nicolas Breakspeare, Benedictine,. Abbot of S. Albans, named Cardinal Bishop of Albano, by Eugenius 111. in 1146. In 1148 ho was Legate in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, and was elected Pope under the name of Adrian IV. in November. 1154. He died in September, 1159, and his tomb is still visible in the crypt of S. Peter's. Boso Bakespeare was created Cardinal Deacon in 1153 by Anastasius IV., and afterwards Cardinal Priest of the title of S. Pudentiana. Herbert of Hosham (or Bosanham) was created Cardinal in 1178 by Alexander 111., and was Archbishop of Benevento. He was friend and biographer of S. Thomas of Canterbury. (Bosham, anciently Bosanham, was a monastery four miles from Cluster) . John Cuinming was created Cardinal Priest by Lucius 111. in 1183, and was Archbishop of Dublin. Stephen Langton, of famous memory, was elected Archbishop of Canterbury in 1206, and was created Cardinal Priest of S. Chrysogonus by Pope Innocent 111. in 1206 or 1212. He died in 1228. Robert Curzon was created Cardinal Priest of S. Stephen on the Caelian (Santo Stefano Rotoudo), by Innocent 111. in 1212, and was sent as Legate a latere to France by Honorius 111. in 1216. Robert Somercote was created Cardinal Deacon of S. Adrian by Gregory IX. in 1234, and afterwards of S. Eustachius. He died in 1241. John of Toledo (so named from his monastery), a Cistercian monk, was created Cardinal Priest, of S. Laurence in Luoina by Innocont IV. in 1244. He died iv 1274. Robert Kilwardby, Dominican, made Archbishop of Canterbury in 1273, was created Cardinal Eiahop of Porta by Nicolas 111., in 1278. William Bray, Archdeacon or Rheiins, was 'created Cardinal by Urban IV., in 1262. ' J Hugh of Evesham was crea -jtf Cardinal Priest of S. Laurence in Luoina by Martin IV., in 1281. Thomas Joyce, Dominican, who had studied with S. Thomas ' Aquinas, and was confessor to Edward 11., was created Cardinal^ Priest of S. Sabina by Clement V. in 1305. He died in 1310. Simon Langham, Benedictine, of S. Peter's Abbey, Westminster, was Abbot of Westminster in 1349, Bishop of Ely in 1362, Archbishop of Canterbury in 1367, and was made Cardinal Priest of S. Sixtus by Urban V. in 1368. He died 1376. Adam Easton, Benedictine, Bishop of London, was created Cardinal Priest of S. Cecilia by Urban VI. in 1378. He died in 1398. Philip Repingdon, Abbot of Leicester, Chancellor of the University of Oxford in 1400, Bishop of Lincoln in 1408, was created Cardinal Priest of St. Nereus and Achilleus by Gregory XII. in 1408. He was the founder of Lincoln College, Oxford. Robert Hallam, Chancellor of the University of Oxford ir£l4o3, and Bishop of Salisbury in 1407, was created Cardinal Priest by Pope John XXII. in 1411. He died in 1417 at the Council of Constance. Henry Beaufort, second son of John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster, by his third wife, Bishop of Lincoln in 1327, of Winchester in 1405, and Lord High Chancellor, was created Cardinal Priest of St. Eusobius in 1418 by Popo Martin V., and Legate a latere. He died in 1447, and is buried in Winchester Cathedral. John Kempe, born in 1380, of an ancient Kentish family, Fellow of Merton College, Rector of Southwick, Sussex, successively Bishop of Rochester, Chichester, and london (1422), Keeper of the Privy Seal and Grand- Justiciary of Normandy ; Ambassador to France and Scotland ; Archbishop of York (1423), and twice Lord Chancellor, was created Cardinal Priest of S. Balbina by Eugenius IV. in 1439, and Cardinal Bishop of S. Rufina and Legate a latere in 1452. la the same yoar he was translated from York to Canterbury. He died

4n-1454, andisburiedin -Canterbury Cathedral on the~Epistic side of the choir. Thomas Bourcier, Bishop of Worcester in 1430 of Ely in 1443, and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1455, was created in 1464 Cardinal Priest of S. Cyriacus in Thermis. He died iv 1486. John Morton, born in 1410, Bishop of Ely in 1478, and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1489, was created Cardinal Priest of S. Anastasia in 1493 by Pope Alexander VI, Ho died in 1500. , Christopher Bainbridge," Bishop of Durham in 1507, Archbishop of York in 1508, and Ambassador of Henry VIII. to Rome, was created Cardinal Priest of S. P.axedes, by Julius 11. in 1511. He died poisoned by'an assassin in 1584. His tomb is. in the English 'College. Thomas Wolsey, Bishop of Tournai in 1531, of Lincoln in 1514, Archbishop of York in 1514, and Lord High Chancellor, was created Cardinal Priest of S. Cecilia by Leo X. in 1516 and Legate a latere. He died in 1530. John Fisher, born in 1459 ; Jprofessor of theology at Cambridge 1502 ; Bishop of 'Rochester 1504 ; attainted and imprisoned 1534 ; suffered for the Faith 22nd June, 1535, and is buried in the chapel of the Tower. Reginald Pole, Dean of Exeter, 1527 ; created Cardinal Deacon of SS. Nereus and Achilleus by Paul 111. in 1536 (afterwards of Sta Maria in Cosmedian, and subsequently Cardinal Priest of S. Prisca) ; Legate to England in 1564 ; ordained Priest and consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury in i 556. He died in 1558, and is buried in " Becket's Crown' in Canterbury Cathedral. "William (or Peter) Peto, Peyto, or Peyton, Franciscian, Bishop of Salisbury, created Cardinal Priest and Legate a latere by Paul IV. 1557, but never rcceivod the insignia or reached Rome, dying in 1558. William Allen, Alan, or Alleyn, educated at Oriel College : Canon of York in 1556 ; created Cardinal Priest of St. Martin in Montibus by Sixtus V. in 1587 ; founder of the College at Douai, and counsellor of Gregory XIII. in the foundation of the English College at Rome ; appointed in 1589 Archbishop of Mechlin ; died in 1594. Buried in the English College A jewelled crosier presented to him by Sixtus V. is pi-eserved in the Archiepiscopal residence at Westminster. Philip Howard, third son of Henry Lord Mowbray, by Elizabeth, daughter of Esme Stuart, Duke of Lennox ; born in 1629 in Arundel House, London ; professed as a Domincian at Cremona ; appointed one of the Chaplains to Queen Catherine of Braganza ; left England at the outbreak of the persecution; founded a community of his Order at Bornheim in Flanders ; created Cardinal Priest of Sta Maria supra Minervam in 1675, by Clement X. He was generally styled Cardinal of Norfolk, or Cardinal of England. " Protector" of England. Died in 1690. His tomb is in his titular church. Henry Benedict Mary Clement Stuart, Cardinal of New York, born 1725, created Cardinal Deacon of Sta Maria in Portion by Benedict XIV. in 1747 ; subsequently Cardinal Priest (1) of the SS. XII. ■ Apostoli, and (2) of Sta Maria in Trastevere, consecrated Archbishop of Corinth by Clement XII.; Cardinal Bishop of Frascati (1760) and Dean of the Sacred College. Died 1807. Thomas Weld, born 1773, took holy orders in 1821, and consecrated Bishop of Amycla in partibus the same year ; created Cardinal Priest of S. Marcellus by Pius VIII. in 1830. Died in 1837. Charles Januarius Acton, born 1803 ; proclaimed Cardinal Priest of Sta Maria della Pace by Gregory XVI. in 1842 (created and reserved in petto in 1839.) Died in 1847. Nicholas Wiseman, born in 1802, Bishop of Melipotamus in partibus, 1840 ; Archbishop of Westminster |1850 ; created Cardinal Priest of S. Pudentiana 1850. Died 1865. Henry Edward Manning, born 1808; Archbishop of Westminster 1865 ; created Cardinal Priest of SS. Andrew and Gregory on the Caelian, 1875. — . Dublin Review.'