AMERICA.

Wellington Independent, Volume XV, Issue 1357, 23 August 1859, Page 3

AMERICA.

"Affairs in Utah," says the 'New York correspondent of the pail)/ 2Veuis > ".are passing from bad'to worse, the military and (civil func ; tioriaries of the United States being at daggers drawn. JudgeCradlebaugh, the federal judge for, the district, found on cpaimencirig his sittings that the Mormon grand juries-would riot present anybody, and that the v petty juries would not convict anybody if presented, and finally, that his life was in danger from the violenceofJtheMorraon mob.ln this extremity he called upon General Johnston,, tfie. general in command of the troops, for aid arid protection, and the general accordingly sent {.wo companies ofinfaiiiry to'attend the court duririjj its sittings. •Governor Cumming, on hearing ; "of these proceediugs,; .denounced them; in '£,', violent; arid vigorous proclamation, and openly toot part -with-the Mormons.- The waxed fast and furious, and at the last:"accouuts the governor had called out the , and a collision between them "'aild the troops was imminent* Considering' Buchanan has been doctoring the Mpriripn difficulty ever since-he came'into he.has in some measure staked his refutation.on its settlement, this is- a most lame.'and Impotent conclusion of.the whole business: "_.'. What will be.tlie end of it licbody knows, and to tell t the truth nobody cares. People a"re)'generally very •tired of the Mormon imbroglio, arid with a ; great war raging in Europe, are not. disposed to spend much, time in thinking of a little war on the shores of the Salt Lake." ' : '."" '.'..,; - ■- ' . .-. At the sitting of-the Federal Ufipt at Frankfort "on!May,26, ; the minorGermantstates voted that in certaia eventualities military measures should betaken. Prussia claimed that in such cases the initiative should be accorded , 'toher. A., despatch.in;th.e:.f"Nord' stales ttiat the military committee of the Federal Die,t has approved the motion of Hanover to placeman army on,the Rliine, and that,it will propose'its adoption. • "The officiali Zeiturig'ofrJune 14 states that the order for the 'mobilisdtioa of .the corps;de'afmeehas been isstied."""lt"says':—r "! Tae greater' proportions 't\fpr events at. the seat of war assume, the more gerioiis' becomes the duty of,government to'place itseff in such a position as, may enable Prussia,'ln" the'Tregulation of the Italian.; question, .'to' ■ prpcee.d: in concert with ber- confederate.- (rerman-' Powers with that weight which Prussia is called upon to which corresponds to r the position of Germany as i Power in Europe, 1; i Lo,ukiug,froßi i this point of regarding the continually increasing armaments even of■neutral Powers, gove"rrimerit : has found it iriiperative partly, to mobilise the army, and. will take-further steps in connection therewith in order '"that 'coming, events may riot take Prussia and Germany by surprise and unprepared. The "character, of measures bf.precaution is so fully impressed on all these steps that it is needless" iii . make!any new declaration respecting them. .The country will grant them its. concurrence, and 'the German Federal Powers will also, as "wfe hope, «cc in this new measure,-• taken in th.i? interest of the security and position of Gefriiiiny as. a Power, '"their confidence in the circumspect" initiative of Prussia realised." •'■ '"' .'."'. [This act of the Prussian Government"is"considered in some quarters as a-practical reply to a Russian diplomatic, circular lately seiit to the Courts of Europe, recommending afjfoliey of nou intervention iri the Italian war, arid declar ing thatshould the German governments'depart from their neutrality, Russia would be cbinpelled to iuterfere.] ' . " . . ■'. : . ■■■■'■■'''.:_''". The official ' Wiener Zeitung* of Slay 19, contained an imperial decree increasing; the direct and the indirect takes of .monopoly of tobacco and the customs duties .are. not included! -■' '• v"°.'. ' ......" The blockade of Venice," says the !V,ienna correspondent of the "Times," ■'•'seriously inconveniences the Austrian Government;',as it can no longer send troops from Trieste port, but fortunately the whole of the 9th ,'tiprps d' arinee, which is underthe command.of<jSi\e: ral Count'.S'chaafgotsciie, was in-Italy before the FrencH cruisers entered the : \Tlie Ist corps d' armee, which is General CouiitCJam-Gallas, will in a fe»"3ay§' go from Bohemia-to Innsbruck, : by >V'4y ; .pf, Dresden, , Hofj Bainberg, • Munich.,. The'corps. con«sts:;pf;.}fiJ,oOb "-SperH l ■witjl the customary nuiriber of guns. Sir' "cavalry regiments are also on their way " : frbj' 'Galicia to Innsbruck. 'The Austrian army at present consists of 12 corps, d' armeee, butTajS. order tp raise'four new corps is likely fo'be issued. In a few days an imperial ordinance for a ' conscription ' of 100,000 men will be pubiislieci.' 1 "The late Marshal.Miirmont used to say that Austria could ' stamp armies nut of'the earth,' arid Louis Napoleaii will find that such h really the ease. How Austria is to maintain such'a-vast host is a problem which wiser meu ttian myself are unable to solve. There are now- six Austrian corps, consisting of about 240,000 men, in Italy, and by the middle of the month of June:,the army will probably be 325,000 strong, with 75,000 horses, and from 850 to 900' guns. -There are -people- who talk of the war being ended in one campaign ; but Napoleon has an enemy to deal with whom he will not either be able to. dv.ercoine. at' allj or only after.a.lohg.and deadly struggle." ; '"' M. Streubel; an officer :of ..artillery, gives in. the German '■ Quarturly' the-followiugestimate of the' forces which Frajace'. aad Germany can bring into the. field,Jr^-The.'..whole force of France "is 660,000 men,'with 1200 guns- (field artillery).; Austria can : iaise betweeu. 759,000

and v BOO,OOO hien, with 'Wfifrgwna ; Prussia 540,000 (including the first arid second;levie* of Landwehr),"witlt" 1004 guns. -Theothe* German States ban,, with their reserves, bring together an array of 350,000 men. According to the' ArmyiLiet' of ."1855, the Federal* army I for that ;ycar,.cdnsi"ered of 525,000: men,' with 1112>guns;'•;"The quality of the French jinny," as a whole,"- says the -German officer, "w first rate,.but.stin.it ie;lnferior to that' of (he Germans'and A.u?trians.ihtwo respects. \' Its Chasseure 'arid Zouaves' cannot; as shots; compete with the Jagers, and its cavalry is not so good as that of the Austrians and Prussians." SWITZERLAND. . , , The Swiss government is determined to carry out the policy of neutrality in.the most rigorous manner. '"To the great disgust of the Italian refugees iirrthe Canton ofTessin, Colonel-Bon-tems has prevented their making an attempt to revolutionise.the people on this Ride of the frontier of Lymbardy. The commander of the Federal troops has also seized sundry chest* of guns and barrels of powder, which were to have been smuggled across the frontier. The Swiss Federal Council has. given orders, to cftnr.truct fortifications.at Gondo, for the defence of the Simplon." " • ■ '"■-■■■■■■ ■ '■■-■' TURKEY. .: ■',-■■' .■ " .By all accounts from Servia, great agitation prevails throughout the country. A letter from. Belgrade of the 19th of May states that on that day' the people assembled en, matte to oppose ' the construction •by workmen fiom Semlin of a landing place for the Austrian steamers on the banks of the Danube. The brother of the Pachainterfered, and endeavoured to make the people understand that the Turkish territory extended from the fortress , to the banks of the river, but the people would not. listen to him.; During , the night 300 men hay- , . ing arrived to reinforce the garrison of the! fortress, the national guard expressed their intention to take up arms on the following day. Osman Pacha protested against the latter procesding. .....-.''- Letters received from Constantinople say-.— The Sultan has held a review of 25,000 soldiers. The reserves will be despatched to Roumelia. The Porte will send troops and ships to Albania. Two thousand Servians, with artillery, have departed to reinforce the Montenegrins. ■ . ■ ■ . . Prince Milosch ignores this fact, but theattitude of the Servians- inspires fear. ■ Letters also assert that the Porte is about to send four ships, four frigates, and two avisos to the Adriatic, under the command of Mehemed Pacha, who in certain emergencies would exercise his.command under the orders of an, English admiral. ■'■' The garrison of the fortres.s of Belgrade has been'reinforced. Omer Pacha remains at Bagdad, being detained there in .consequence of the threatening" attitude of Persia.