THE PAPACY.

Timaru Herald, Volume CI, Issue 15443, 4 September 1914, Page 4

THE PAPACY.

FIRST EIECTIOX BALLOT. REPORTED RESULTLES3. Press Association —By lei.—Copyright. ROME.. Sept. 2. The first ballot fur the election or ilif l'opo ivas result loss, no onnd'dat> receiving tho proscribed two-ihirds of the? votes. MODE OF ELECTION. THE CONCLAVE OF CARDINALS. ANCIENT CUSTOMS. | Tljo story of how the Pope is elected ! is an interesting 0110. The Conclave of Cardinals are strictly enclosed until j their deliberations result-' in an election. The Conclave is now lit Id in the \ atican. tliough ihe Cardinals are empowered to assemble elsewhere if they think jit. Several large suites of apartments are' allotted fur the accommodation of the Cardinals and their attendants., who. together with ;i large staff oi Conclavists, or officials employed 111 various wavs. are shut in by a. door which bears four locks: two on the inside, the kevs of which are kept by the Cardinal tamerlengo, and two 011 the outside, which arc controlled by the Marshal, Prince Chigi. OPENING THE CONCLAVE. On the day for opening the Conclave, a Mass of the Holy Ghost is sung in St. Peter's. ;l sermon preached, and the Cardinals enter the Vatican in solemn procession. -The "Veni Creator is • sung, and they then take the oath to j observe the Apostolic constitutions, utter which they go to their cells, which are assigned to them by Jot. All the other Conclavists then take oath not to meddle in the election nor reveal any secrets tlnit may come to their knowledge. I-ator in the evening, the bell rings, and the order, -'Extra omnes!"—'-all outside!" —is given. after which the door is locked by the C'amerlongo from | within and the Marshal from without. The Ca'nierlengo and three other Cardinals then make a tour of inspection throughout tin., building to see that 'everything is in order and that 110 1 strangers are present. | OVTING IX THE SINSTINE CHAPEL

Tho voting takes place in the Sistine Chapel, which is entered from the Royal Hn'.l, wh.cii in its marvellous mural descration.s is only nest iu l)?:uity to tho cluinw. Ranged around the chapel are the thrones ui the Card ina is. each surmounted by a canopy in teken of the joint sovereignty of the members of, the Sacred College during the vacancy of the Apostolic See- The Dean, or Senior Cardinal, occupies tho iirst_ throne on the Gospel or north s : de of tho altar, and aft'-'r him in order of seniority roniL' the cardinal hisheps. priests, and deacons, the Junior Caid.nal ,Deacon sitting « n the throne nearest the altar on the Epistle or touth s r de. Before eafili throne is si small Üblc. supplied with writing materials. while in the m : ddle of tlu> chapel are six other tab'es, provided for the use of any cardinals who mav be afta'd of hea-g overlooked by their ne : ghbours while iilling in the" voting papers. AH the tables are provided with sealing ■wax and tapers for use in closing tlie papers in the manner to be described. ELECTION BY BALLOT. • There aro three methods by which a Pope may bo elected—those of Accla- I f ir.ation. Compromise, and Scrutiny. In the first case, a.'l the Cardi-i a s leave the r thrones to do homage to or.e of their.number. win;—subject to lis own lonsent —thereby bceonu-s Pcpi.'. Here there is absolute ..unenm'ty. but no instance of -cUct.on by avc'anialion has O-curred for about three hundred years. 1 The method of Coimroiwse is only I adopted iu tho case of an extremely | pp..traded elect'on. where there semis | no prospect, of a two-th'rds. majority ! agive'ivr upon any tine candidate. The Cardinals then appo : nt a small committee to settle the matter, and pledge . themselves to accept its 'lecision. j The usual method is that.of Scrutiny ;or ballot. The rules are that every i Cardinal present must vote- no one can I vote for himself, a two-lldi'ds majority is necessary for an election, and the voting must be absolutely secret. THE VOTING PAPER. ti is to secure the last of these conditions that a very ingenious voting paper has been adopted. . It is divided into three compartment?, in the- first of which the Cardinal writes his own name, in the second thai of the can- • li.iati' for whom lie votes, and in the I bird a motto and number. The first and third compaitmerits are lb: ji folded twice* and sealed down at both siths, so that only the middle compartment can be seen by the scrutin-«>-.*rs. Tho back of the voting paper, b'h'nd the opaces for the name and •uolio of the voter, is covered with fancy printing that the writing may lie. show through. Although the instructions for fiiling i»i. folding and sealing these voting papers alt. in-si cK-ar and precise, a surprising number or mistakes soineti:ue> occur.

At each assembly of the Conclave, three Cardinals are elected as .serutiiie< rs. and three as intirmariaus. Tlu» duty of the latter is to take the votes t.f any of the Cardinals who may he confined to their cells through sickness.

In yoiinir. the electors in order of seniority go t.i the altar, where each kiicls tor n few moments in private prayer. Hi- tlun rises and holds his vol'.Mi; paper mvr a large chalice which •stands on the altar, and audibly takes oalh that he is voting for thr. man he sincerely hr!:e\o- (n li,» * lit* most .-iiilal:!e: alter which he places the paper nil the paten and I. ts'it .-lidc into the 1 chalice.

coiwnxc; tiie votes

111.' next biisine-ss ,s to count tho v. tcs. 'I 11.- chaii. i' is shaken to mix'the p. j . rs. whieh aiv in. ii immted into v cilil eh.:liee. ;n or lor to see i|' thev en: respond e. n:iaib,'i'. with (he cardinals pre-' lit l! \ iirv do not, they are I>nrtit. end a li.-sh vot • taken. Ilai-h vot in'; paper is taken from the eh.dice by the |i : .si M-ru:inecr. who looks ml tic- nam.* vo'i.l ;'or and hands ihe |a| e>- tin- ..- oi-.il s.-iiii in.-er, who. aili-r li.ekin:' : -l ii. gives it !:> the lliiril. will, 1e.,.1s til" nanii- aloud. ,\|| ih ( . ■ a'.iinaU tiii ii make a mark that ttatiie o:i tl.cir iisi... Wliea aii tii<» vnt s have been rea«l l ie. tin- papi-r.s i.'i-!.-, .I and tlireaib-d mi :i .siriir; It no i.ne has olitrineu tb' to Co-...;v t wu-1 l:i' .!s majority, a -'"'■' Mil \ .:! ' s taken. Inch is knowi: thai Hi Ai I e-: ion.. This is dour iu older lliat if :ri.v lan ii.late h's re. e.-ivi-d .:. la!-:.'e iiiiiuher in' Vol.--, ailv i-.-.i .iiicils u 1.. i p!- :\s.' ma v i ran-l'i r i heir \uf st • h.in and * o 10-ing aboitl an . tin s'.itl .o;.: lurlh.-r ilelav. \ u ~i„. I:il. _ Vnt I- :r • II: :. t !io ..... 'no lint ' a ii • bio -i :1- ind o a vol in" ' I' :c -1 not in.--.rl any

A SIGN or DISAGREEMENT.

The vote;- thus acceded are now add- j B ed to those previously given, and if no j jj candidate has secured the necessary ma- 5 jor.ty, tl;o papers are mixed with some i damp straw and burnt- in a small stove, j placed in the chapel for this purpose. i Tho appearance of smoke from tile tine » is the signal to the people that the Pope p is not. yet elected. j Vt'heii. either by Scrutiny or Acre*;, j sion. it, appears that someone has ; received a two-thirds majority of the ! yotts. the papers are recounted, and jj in various ways examined to see that > everything is in order. Should the I majority be exactly two twirds or the » total votes recorded, the papers are > opened and the names of these voting in tlie majority examined, in order to make sure that the elected Cardinal did not vote for himself. ANNOUNCING THE ELECTION. If all is proved correct, three Cardinals are chosen by lot to act as re- | visers, and these recount and click J tho voting papers. When they certify that the "Pope is elected, tho papers are burnt, but without uny damp straw. r The Secretary of the Conclave and the Master of Ceremonies are now summoned, and the Dean proceeds • with them to the throne of two newlyelected Pope, and asks if 110 is witling to acept the off:ce. Should he consent. the canopies over all tho thrones but his own are at once towered, in token that the temporary joint sovereignty of the Sacred College is at an end. The new Pope now proceeds to tlie altar, and. after spending a short time in prayer, is conducted to a vestry, where 110 assumes theusual papal dress, after which he returns to the altar and receives the homage cf the Card'nals. Later, the election is announced front t'lo balcony of St. Peter's by the Senior Cardinal Deacon, and the new Pope's first public act is to give the Apostol'c Benediction to tlio c'ty and the world from the loggia of the cathedral.