Notes and Queries

Otago Witness, Issue 3870, 15 May 1928, Page 48

Notes and Queries

QMttioni for reply in coming ne-ie to be reMirri eot later than SATURDAY night. wiß NOT be replied to through the -poet. Queatione mast bo accompanied by the name and addreeo o! the writer, but a nom do plume (nay bo adopted foe publication. £. “ Arsenite,” Wyndham.—Too late for attention thia week. •* Inquirer,” Milton.—ln amplification of information in regard to cropping an article will be published in next week’s issue. “Anxious,” Dunedin, wishes to know in what year the ship Carracastle landed at the Bluff with immigrants. As far as he can remember it was about 60 years or more ago. 1871. “ Cow-spankr,” Otago, wishes to know what is meant by a certificate-of-rccord bull. " Agricola " replies : “ A bull under what is known as the C.O.R. (certificate of record) system is entitled to be called a certificate-of-record bull when he has sired four certificate-of-record daughters, . each daughter being from a different dam.” “ Enquirer,” Palmerston North, wishes to know how many sheep there are in Great Britain, New Zealand, Argentine, Australia, and Peru. The Statesman’s Year Book supplies the following information: The sheep numbers at date comprise: Australia (1925), 103,563,218; Argentine (1922), 30,671,841; New Zealand (1927), 25,649,016; England, Wales, and Scotland, 24,045,285. We will endeavour to supply the figures for Peru next week. “ Silverhope,” Timaru, asks for a recipe for a cheap whitewash for cow bails, etc. " Agricola ” replies : “ Dissolve 15ib of - common salt in Vf.gal of water. To this solution add 501 b (one sack) of hydrated lime, or the putty made by carefully slacking 381 b (half a bushel) of fresh quicklime. Mix thoroughly until a thick paste is formed, then add fresh water until the mixture is of the desired consistency. The quicklime; Mix thoroughly, and put through a fine screen, while still thick, ‘before using. Other methods of making whitewash will appear in next week’s issue.” “Southland Farmer” asks: “ (1) WTiat is the retail price of superphosphate in England to farmers? (2) W T hat Is the price of basic sla.g? (3) What is the freight per ton on supers, from England to New Zealand?” “Agricola” replies: “ (1) The price will depend upon the percentage of total phosphate and the amount of order. For not less than two-ton lots the price at, say, London or Liverpool, on trucks, is about £3 3s per ton, or Is lOd per unit, London. (2) Here, also, the price depends upon the total phosphate and size of order. Price for four-ton lots delivered to purchaser's nearest railway station in the neighbourhood of, say, Bristol, London, Hull, or Liverpool ranges from £2 5s to £3 ss. (3) About 50s per ton, plus 10 per cent. ; say 555.” “Subscriber," Southland, asks: "(1) In what year were deer first imported into New Zealand? (2) How many points does a stag need to have on his antlers before he can be called a royal? (3) What is the most number of po.nts that have been found on any antlers? (4) Is anybody allowed to shoot wild cattle in the Government forests assuming they have no brand or earmark? ’’ (1) According to Mr Huddleston, whose father was curator of the Nelson Acclimatisation Society, a. red doer stag and doe were landed in that district In the ’fifties. (2) Twelve points. (3) Mr G. Sutherland, of Christchurch, it is stated, secured a deer with 24 points. (4) If State forest, apply to conservator of State forest, Invercargill. If Crown land, apply to the commissioner of Crown lands, Invercargill.

“ Would Like to Know,” Balclutha, writes : “ (1) In the game qf 500 a player goes no trumps. Play proceeds, then one of the players leads a club, and the one that went no trumps puts the Joker on the ott-er player’s club when he holds one in his hand. Is this proper play? If not, could you explain to mo the right play? (2) When did Sir J. G. Ward enter Parliament? For how long was lie Prime Minister of New Zealand? (3) Is the Ford motor car manufactured in the United States of America or Canada? " (1) The holder of the joker Is not allowed to trump with the joker if he can follow suit. If he holds no cards of the suit led he may trump with the joker or discard, as he pleases. (2) Sir Joseph Ward first entered Parliament on October 21, 1887, and was Primo Minister from August 6, 1906 to March 23, 1912. (3) In both countries.

' Inquirer, Hawea Flat, writes : “ Would it be too much bother to ask you to reprint the recipe that appeared three weeks ago (the modern way to cure bacon)? I had the recipe, but mislaid it.” Fine dairy salt, 501 b; brown sugar, 51b; saltpetre (powdered), 21b. Mix well. Immediately after cutting and trimming, the surface of the flesh should be lightly dusted over with equal parts of fine salt and finely ground saltpetre. This should be left on for 24 hours and then washed off.. It acts as a mordant to fix the' natural flesh colour, which is a most important consideration in all meat preservation. For the first three or four days after the mordant has been applied and removed the mixture given above should be rubbed In over the fleshy parts and round the bones and joints. Afterwards spread it freely over the sides, say, twice a week, allowing more salt, etc., on the hams and shoulders, less along the back and, least of all, on the bellies. Stack the sides, flesh side up, one on top of the other in such a position that as the salt dissolves it wil run towards the thicker portions of the side, and to the ham and shoulder. Alternate the stacking so that the side on ths top one day will be at the bottom the following day, and so on. About 14 days are required in the stack according to the size of the sides. At the conclusion of the salting process the meat is removed from the curing stack and the sides prepared for the final processes. Drop each piece separately on a table or bench so as to knock out any free salt that may be left on the side. Trim, If necessary, the meat, and then place in a vat of cold water in which bicarbonate of soda had been dissolved in the proportion of lib to 20gal water. This solution removes excessive saltiness, and makes the curing milder. Leave meat In solution for 24 hours, then remove and wash well in lukewarm .water (90deg Fahr.) ; then hang up in cool room for, say, three days, and dry out well. When sufficiently dry and ready for smoking lightly rub olive oil over the skin and flesh, and the meat is ready 'for smoking If desired. Pigs intended for bacon should be slaughtered correctly—that is to say, the

animal should be kept quiet and not fed for some 24 hours prior to slaughter. The animal should be bled, and the veins thoroughly drained, otherwise there may bo some difficulty in effecting a good cure. —" Potts on Pigs."

LAW QUERIES.

[AIIWM-.1 by a toliolter »t th* Snpretn* Cw| •£ NAw ZtaJnnd. Letters and Telegrams must •ddrssMd t* "LEX,” Editor, OUg» Duuiia.]

“ Central Otago,” “ Alma,” and " Dunbar.” —Received too late for reply this week. " Interested.”—(l) You can be compelled to remove, lower, or trim the trees to the satisfaction of the local authority. (2) The age of the trees does not affect the matter. “ Constant Subscriber " asks : " What are the legal costs of a mortgage for £350. £5 15s 6d, Including out-of-pocket expenses. “ Honesty."—lf you can prove that the instrument was not as represented at the time of the sale you can sue the vendor for any loss you have sustained through the misrepresentation. The lanse of time in commencing your action will not be in your favour. A. P. asks: “ I rent a house and wish to go away for a few months. Instead of selling my furniture am I entitled to relet the house furnished during my absence?" Yes, provided that there Is no clause in your lease preventing you from subletting. “Anxious" asks: “ (1) What will the costs of a divorce be? (2) What cost to have the decree made absolute? ” (1) About £3O. If the cost of obtaining evidence and advertising were heavy the costs of obtaining the divorce would be proportionately higher. (2) This would be included in the costs of the suit. “ Ratepayer, Backbiock,” asks : “ In reply to a previous question in* your column was the answer “ that the owner cannot close a road after use for 20 years in the case of land held under the Deeds Reglstrat on Act.” The land in question is under the Land Transfer Act. Is the position the samosas under the Deeds Registration Act?" No. Y’ou cannot obtain a ti le by user against land held under the provisions of the Land Transfer Acts. “ Quei'V ” asks: “ A woman makes a will signed in the presence of two witnesses leaving her property to her sons and daughters, all of whom are adult. (1) Must she appoint trustees? (2) If so, may a son and daughter act as such? (3) Or must she appoint persons receiving no benefit from the will? ” (1) Yes. (2) Yes. (3) Persons may bs appointed trustees although they are beneficiaries under the will.

"Constant Reader” asks: “A and B have farms adjoining, with.a roadline on each side. They both agree to give county council land free to have a road through from road to road. B fences his roadline, and would like the gates removed. How long would it be before A would have to fence and remove the gates? A sells out to C. Could C be made to fence the road and remove the gates? ” By serving notice under the Fencing Act C could be made to fence the road after 21 days after the service of a notice to fence. “ Reserve.”—Under the provisions of the Fencing Act “ if the occupier of any land bounded by a road has erected a fence on the boundary between his land and such road, and any other person adopts or takes advantage of any meons by which such fence Is rendered of beneficial use to himself, and avails himself of such fence, such person, so long as he continues to avail himself thereof, shall be liable to pay to the person who erected such fence, or to the occupier of the land whereon the same is erected, interest on halt the then value of such fence at the rate of £lO per centum per annum, and also to bear half the cost of repairs.” "Timaru” asks: “ (1) I am in business. This year in addition to my income I received £239 for life Insurance. How would I deal with this in my income tax returns? (2) I am employing a girl as waitress in tea rooms from 8 in the morning until 5 o’clock. If I do not supply any meals what wages should I pay hsr? ” ——(1) The amount received for life Insurance should be excluded entirely from your income tax return. (’2) 3s per day in lieu of meals, and a wage of £1 12s 6d per week. It three or more waitresses are employed the head waitress is entitled to £1 16s per week.

“Wanaka ” asks: “ (1) Has a person any legal right to gather driftwood after a flood, and leave It on the beach for weeks? (2) Should anybody take it away would they be I'able, and for what amount? (3) Is it legal for a runholder to lock his gate on Crown lands, and prevent anybody going to the lake beach to gather wood, and cart it away, when it has been the general practice to do so for the last 60 years?” (1) and (2) The person would be entitled to take away the driftwood, but if it was left on tho beach any other person could secure It. (3) Yes, the runholder is entitled to the exclusive occupation of the land comprised in his lease. “ Puzzled ’’ asks : “ Over a year ago I transferee! a farm on which I still owed money to another man, and the solicitor told me the day that we signed that my responsibility was over. Now the man has not paid, and I received the account with demand for payment. - I have not the money to pay it, but the man to whom I transferred the farm has. The original owner’s consent was not asked, as I was not advised to ask It. (1) Is the agent responsible for not seeing I was secure against responsibility? If not, who is to blame? (2) If responsible, what Is the cheapest way to make the present holder pay?” (1) No. (2) If you sold the property subject to a mortgage signed by you you are still Hable under the mortgage. If the purchaser has any money you are entitled to be Indemnified by him. If the purchaser has nothing, and the farm is worth more than the mortgage you could take over the farm subject to the mortgage.