Notes and Queries

Otago Witness, Issue 3804, 8 February 1927, Page 48

Notes and Queries

Questions for reply in coming issue to be received not later than SATURDAY night. Questions win NOT be replied to through the post. Questions must be accompanied by the name •nd address of the writer, but a nom de plume snay be adopted for publication.

•* X. T.,” Central Otago, wishes to know of a good thing to remove rust from iron. Rub with a good strong wire brush. "Subscriber,” Mcnowai.— (1) Next week. (2) How m'.ny races did Limerick win on 'i his last trip to Australia? Limerick won the Rosehill Carlingford Mile and the Chelmsford Stakes. f* Student,” Oamaru, wishes to know the name of a school which has a corre- . spondence course for teachers. One of • the following may suit your purpose:— ' Banks’s Commercial College, Wellington; j Hemingway’s Correspondence School, Auck- ; land; or Colwill’s Chambers, Swanson street, Auckland. f Inquirer,” Oamaru, asks if there Is any paper, preferably outside New Zealand, with a column similar to that of Dot’s Little Folk column. We do not know v; of any quite the same, though many papers run children’s columns of different sorts. k* Egbert,” .Sainsbury, wants to know (1) if domesticated goats can be registered and branded. (2) If so, where? (3) If Angora g<~ats can be bought in New Zealand? (4) W.iat would be the cost per head? (1) Yes. (2) Apply to the registrar of brands in your district—that is, Invercargill. (3) Yes, at one time the Department of Agriculture sold them. (4) Bucks, £4; nannies, £3. G_-#.-,'"Kauru Hill, sends specimen of olearia which are supposedly affected with disease or, possibly, grub.- “ Agricola ” writes : “ There is no visible cause on specimen of hedge received to account for shrivelled state of the leaves. - There may be some kind of borer infestation, and it is suggested that you call on the Department of Agriculture’s local inspector of fruit, etc. ••Interested,” Hedgehope, writes: “In the jJanuary 11 issue of the Otago Witness .' there appears in “ Books of the Day ” a book entitled ‘ Birth Control,’ by JohannFerch. Is this book procurable in New Zealand? If so, from whom?”. The book is procurable from my of the larger book shops in New Zealand towns. Pos- ■' sibly your local bookseller could procure you a copy. “St. Bathans,” Central Otago.—The specimen of affected leaves of cherry tree arrived safely. There are signs of slug attack, but the trouble goes further than that. Your best plan would be to communicate with the ..orchard Instructor at Alexandra, who could make inspection and advise treatment. Inspection costs you nothing. It is not very satisfactory diagnosing a disease unless one knows all th? symptoms, which in the case of tree infection may be obvious to the ex pert, but not to an amateur observer. “ Worried/’ Gore, writes : “ Could you kindly tell me of a remedy for a red nose? Is it a form of indigestion? The rest of the face is quite whi>. The nose is inclined to be shiny, and sometimes very hot.— : —lndigestion certainly seems to be the cause of the infliction. Look to your diet,. avoiding greasy or starchy foods, and drink large quantities of water. Exercise, to set the blood circulating freely, will be found beneficial, while any tight garments such as garters, corsets, small armholes, etc., must be avoided. The trouble is obviously internal if the nose is hot, but appearances may be bettered by the application either of liquid . powder of a greenish hue, or of glycerine diluted with lemon juice applied before your usual face powder is used. ■“ Brooklands," Wairarapa, asks: “ (1) What is the following chemical: Lead tetra ethyl? (2) What are its properties? (3) What would be its use as an addition to a motor fuel? . (4) What are the usual ingredients of ‘ dope ’ fuels for motor engines?” Your inquiries were submitted to Professor J. K. H. Inglis, of the University of Otago, who kindly supplies the following information:—“ (1) Tetra ethyl lead is an oil containing lead, carbon, and hydrogen. Pb (C2 H5)4. (2) It is a poisonous substance, boiling above 200 deg Cent. (3) It is added to petrol in the proportion of not more than 1:1300 as an ‘ anti-knock.’ It changes the character of the explosion, and makes it possible to use a higher compression without knocking. (4) This is said to be the most efficient dope; but other substances of a totally different chemical character have ’ been used—e.g., ethyliodide. Owing to the poisonous character of lead tetra ethyl stringent regulations have been drawn ■up to govern its use and limit the danger.” •D. C. L.,” Glenomaru:.—Your query in last week’s Witness has elicited the following reply from Mr R. Parsons, Leven street, Invercargill: “I was looking through your ‘Notes and Queries’ in the Witness of February 1, and noted that you mentioned, ‘ A reader may help to solve the meaning of the word “Araluen.” ’ I happened to put in six years dredging over there in Araluen. It is a small township 18 miles from Braidwood and 35 miles from Moyura, on the south coast of New South Wales. At one time there were 35 hotels in the place. Thtere were thousands of diggers there, with dancing and music-halls, etc. There are only two hotels there now. The dredging is cut out. A Mr Carlyle bought and sold 33 tons of gold, and there were three banks as well. I can vouch for the truth of the tons of gold, as he showed me the books; they were great large ledgers. The meaning of the Araluen is ’ The valley between the hills. * Cow Spanker,” Berwick, writes: “ I have several cows (both young) which are giving milk at times mixed with blood. Sometimes the milk is clean for a week, and then becomes mixed with blood again. Porhaps your valuable contributor Agricola would kindly suggest a remedy ? ” " Agricola " replies: " Ap- , parently you know the cows which are giving ’ blood in milk, but do not say ■whether they are heifers. The traces of blood may be due possibly to natural causes. In these cases unless the cause is readily discernible, there is nothing for . it but a bacteriological examination of the milk. It may be mentioned that heavy milkers not infrequently give coloured milk due to a rupture of some small vessel and not to disease. If there is inflammation of any quarter, and tenderness, fomenting with hot water twice V a day, and rubbing gently with camphorated oil may have good results. In failure of a cure it is better to send sample in sterilised bottle to the Department of Agriculture, taking note at the time of the,particular cow’s milk, and giving her : Mme, etc. r y ■ — «sr

C. B. wishes to know (1) the price of Root’s automatic reversible two-basket honey 1 tractor? (2) If there is a cure for “ bumble ” foot in fowls? (3) How white kid is cleaned? (4) What will remove mildew from linen?——(l) The 9in basket costs £lO 17s, and the 12in basket £l2. A local make is obtainable at- £9 10s and £l2 5s respectively. (2) "Terror” says: ” The best thing to do is to open the sore or boil with a sharp knife, making a cross cut—i.e., one cut across the other, and squeeze put all the pus, making a . special effort to get at the core. The wound should then be well washed with warm water, containing a little disinfectant of some sort. Then put iodoform on it, covering the wound - with carbolated vaseline, and bandaging as well as possible. Keep the bird in a cage by itself until the wound has had time to heal. Look to the perches. They should not be more than 2ft to 3ft from the ground. It is the jumping down from a height on to a hard floor that frequently causes bumble foot. Any foul matter may cause this trouble by entering a bruised foot wound. (3) Rub with clean petrol on flannel. (4) Spread the article on a table and soak the mildewed parts thoroughly with the juice of a tomato. It is a good plan to cut a tomato in half, and with it rnb the affected spot thoroughly. Allow the article to dry, and then wash It in the usual way. Do this two or three times if necessary. If this fails to remove the stain use some tomato juice, and on top of this butter-milk, and leave on the grass to bleach for some nights, putting on daily a little more butter-milk. "Constant Reader,” Central Otago.—The following recipes for appl’e pop have been submitted by contributors who saw your request in a recent Witness : —From Mrs R. Wilcox, Arrowtown: A very refreshing summer drink is made from any waste apple windfalls cut up. Skins and cores, however, will do. Place these in a large acid jar, pour over a large cup of sugar, and fill up with boiling water. When lukewarm add a little yeast to start the first lot; let it stand four or five days, then strain and bottle. Cork tightly, and tie down. It will be ready for use in a few days. Throw out the apples, leaving a little in the bottom to start the next lot, then fill up the jar as before. Pear skins and lemon rindcan be added.—From Mrs James Ritchie, Gore : Any waste apples or windfalls will do, nearly ripe or ripe. Cut them up, cores, and all; place in a large acid jar, pour over a large cup of sugar, and fill up with boiling water. Add a very little yeast to start J;he first lot. Let it stand . four or five days, then strain and bottle. Cork tightly and tie down. It will be ready for use in a few days. Throw out the apples, leaving a little in the bottom to start the next lot, then fill up the jar as before.—From “Running Water,” Tuatapere: When peeling apples for pies, etc., fill a quart jug with the peels and cores, and add about three tablespoonfuls of sugar. Fill the jug right U P with boiling water, and let stand for about 12 hours or so. Bottle the liquid which is poured from this, and cork well In a few days this will work, and then be ready to drink. Sometimes the corks pop to the ceiling. Disappointed,” Castle Rock, writes: "I would be much obliged if you could tell me what is wrong with some turkeys I have, and advise me how to treat them. They are nearly five months old and well grown. Everyone of them has gone the same way. The first few days they mope about, and then they get yellow diarrhoea, and die in about two days. They are sick for about a week altogether. They have been "• particularly well cared for since they were hatched, and still are very light I have tried various remedies, but nothing seems to do. I also lost a full-grown gobbler and turkey last year in the same way. They have no lice. Could you tell me how to rear them from the start’ My neighbour has turkeys, and though i have fed mine the same as she does hers live and mine die.” “ Terror ” replies : “ In the first place turkeys should never be kept in closed houses. The ordinary fowlhouse is poison to them. As a rule they are best in an open fronted house or sleeping in well sheltered trees. The chicks in the same way want open coops on dry ground, and should be shifted every few days. Insect vermin must be carefully guarded against, as the hens often fail to dust themselves even if a dust bath is provided. The chicks must be fed often, but only with a little at a time, as a full crop upsets the digestive organs. Encourage the little ones to take exercise, but care must be taken to prevent their getting wet. Gravel or other suitable grit should always be within reach, while coarsely crushed charcoal is also of great benefit in helping digestion. Inbreeding should be carefully guarded against, as this is often the cause of delicate chicks. The trouble with your birds is liver disease, probably due to want of exercise and incorrect feeding. If you study your neighbour’s methods you will probably find some difference. Give a tablespoonful of Glauber's salts in the water of every 10 birds, feed on hard food only for a few days, and see that the birds have plenty of green food.”

LAW QUERIES.

[Answered by a solicitor of the Supreme Court of New Zealand. Letters and Telegrams must b« addressed to “LEX,” c/o Editor, Otago Witneaa, Dunedin.]

“ Flounder.”—The Acclimatisation Society has power to prevent fishing with a net in the Catlins Lake or estuary. ' “ Non-reticulated Ratepayer ” asks : “ What would it cost to bring a case before the Privy Council ? ” It is impossible to say what the cost would be. “ Female Member.”—Subject to any further rules of the society on the matter a female member is entitled to the bonus upon making the requisite application. " Motor,” Cromwell.—(l) As your son is under 21 years of age any action brought by the dealer can be successfully defended; (2) and (3) You should return the bike, and refuse to make any further payments. “ Ignoramus ’’ asks if the Dairy Control Board in addition to fixing a minimum wholesale price also fixes a price at which dairy produce so bought shall be retailed. No. " Anxious.”—The information required by you is not obtainable in Dunedin, but full information can be obtained by you by writing the Under-secretary Immigration Department, Wellington. "Hopeful.”—(l) The property owner is compelled to pay the rates to the South-

land Electric Power Board. (2) The Power Board cannot be compelled to reticulate unreticulated areas. (3) The law can only be altered by Parliament. (4) You must pay the rates. “P. and T.” asks: " Can you tell me where to apply for a Government loan, and Is there a special form of application?" lt you write the superintendent, State Advances Department, Wellington, full information will be given you, and the department will also supply you with the required form. Urgent” asks: "A and B own adjoining farms, and the boundary is a river. Can B block the river by letting willow trees grow right across the river and destroy A’s property?" No. B is liable to A for any "damage done to his property caused in this way. " Anxious ’’ asks: " I have shares with the New Zealand Perpetual Forests (Limited), and find that after paying in for two years I am unable to keep up my payments. Am I entitled to a refund of my money which I have paid in? ’’ No. " Scot ” asks: “ A man makes a will bequeathing £lOOO to each of his three sons, and the residue of his estate to be given to certain societies. One of the sons dies before the father; how would the £lOOO bequeathed to him be distributed?” You do not give the exact wording of the will on the matter. Under the Wills Act gifts to a testator’s child or other descendant who leaves issue do not lapse, but this rule does not apply to gifts to testator’s children as a class. “ Inquirer ’’ asks: “ The owner of an adjoining section some 25 years ago planted a row of Pinus insignis trees about sft from the boundary fence. These trees have now reached a height of 50ft or 60ft, and a number of the branches are projecting 10ft or 15ft over the fence, and are tending to keep my paddock wet. (1) Can I compel the owner of the land to cut the trees down to a reasonable height, and also cut the overhanging branches back to the fence line? (2) If I can, what course should I take? ” (1) You can compel your neighbour to cut the overhanging branches back to the fence line. If the trees were planted since the year 1895 without the written permission of yourself or your predecessor in title you can compel your neighbour to cut down the trees. (2) You should Instruct your solicitor to serve a notice on your neighbour, and, failing compliance, take action in the Magistrate’s Court.