NOTES AND QUERIES.

Otago Witness, Issue 3614, 19 June 1923, Page 39

NOTES AND QUERIES.

Questions for reply in coming Usue to bo tm •olved not later than SATURDAY night. Qu ectione will NOT be replied to tfarougftk Ui poet.

“Stamps.’—The stumps sent are. D Bavaria; (2) Germany; (3) France, () Austria; (5) Norway; (6) Denmark, (i) Russia. According to catalogue value they are worth Id each in good condition, winch, these are not. They are very common, and are to bo found in all the cheap miscellaneous collection of stamps sold for a trivial sum. “A H ” Waimate, wishes to know the best way to keep lard for home use on the farm. After rendering fat down, pour into clean iars and cover and stand jars m cold cellar or room away from the light. “Rabbit Catcher.’ - —Can you or any of your readers tell me of a reliable way to cure rabbit skins oneself ? The method I have used makes the skin hard and stiff when d rv -One method of tannin" rabbit skins is as follows-.—Take a quart of oatmeal and one-half pound each of powdered alum and salt, and add enough soft warm water to make a thick paste. Stretch the skin on a board with the flesh or pelt side out (.that is with the fur side next to the board), and apply the paste, spreading it on an inch thi'-k Be sure you every part of the flesh side covered. Allow this I*ste to remain on several days, then scrape off and work the skins between the hands until soft.

“Scotty ’’—We should think your wager was void," "for Beulah King was not competing in the same section as May Thorn. Beulah King won the sword dance championship of New Zealand for girls 15 to 18 years. May Thorn was competing in events over 18. There is no championship of New Zealand in the sense that one dancer secured all events. Then, too, Thelma M Kenzie and Jean M'Lachlan were in different age events, Thelma M’Kenzie 15 to 18 years, •Jean M'Lachlan 12 to 15 years, so that neither was competing one against the other nor yet against May Thorn. (2) Beulah King holds the New Zealand championship for sword dance at the specified age (15 to 18 years), Jean M’Lachlan holds the New Zealand championship for scan triubhais (12 to 15 years). “flalfbred," North Otago, says he has among his ewe flock at least KXX) good sound halfbred ewes which have been put to Corriedalo rams, and asks: (1) How long could Corriedale rams be continued to be used without affecting the constitution of the flock or quality of the wool? (2) Is it advisable to continue to use rams from the same flock year by year, or should these bo obtained from another breeder to introduce fresh blood? (3) Do you consider it necessary to obtain a fresh line of halfbred ewes to obtain present standard of sheep and wool, or would you recommend procuring an entirely different breed of rams, and if so. what breed? Agricola replies: The maintaining of what may be termed the “evenness’ of a flock will depend, after all is said and done, upon (1) the “country”; (2) The genius of the breeder; and (3) the constitution and type of the “halfbred” flock. Many a good man in his endeavour to maintain fixity of type in his ewe flock has gone “all to sea, ’ and after some years has found himself with a flock of perhaps bigger sheep, but also carrying a type of wool favouring the long wools rather than a straight halfbred (or even higher) and a smaller carcase. Different lines of breeding would, no doubt, have tendered towards the latter, the whole business turning on the culling of the ewes and “mating up” and country. I have time only to reply briefly, as we go to press immediately. The questions open up a big field which every

“Blackberry” writes that he made a quantity of blackberry wine and bottled same. On opening up for use some of the wine was found to be sour, while the other was all right. Do you think the fault lay in the bottling, and can anything be done to resweeten ? Perhaps fermentation was not quite complete when the wine was bunged. Perhaps some reader with experience can offer a suggestion. “Beaver” writes: (1) Can you tell me tlie meaning of the word ‘‘Beaver,” to which reference is made so often in English magazines? (2) Are all postal packages such as books, etc., opened on coming into the country? (1) Beaver was a game invented by some individual whereby every man who had a beard had “Beaver” shouted at him. Scores were kept of the the number of beavers, or beards, met during the day. (2) The matter rests with the Customs Department. An invoice is supplied, and on receipt of notification of the package the invoice must be produced and dutypaid. If the Customs Department have reason to consider the contents doubtful, they may open them. It rests entirely with them. holder of “Corriedale country is trying to solve. I only know of a tew men who continue from year to year to market not dissimilar halfbreds. Their competitors will say “it- is their country.” Too true, but the shepherd or manager must count, w The constitution need not necessarily be adversely affected, so much depends upon drastic cuiling, while as to wool quality, although it is true that “like begets like,” there are many disappointments. (2) Yes, favouring the finer or coarser type of woolled male (the carcase build also being studied) as the ewe flock may determine. (3) Depends a good deal upon the type of ewe hoggets you are now pasturing, and I would not venture to say whether it was necessary or not to obtain a fresh line of halfbred ewes in order to maintain the present standard. There is one thing certain, however, and that is if your ewe flock gets very far away from the Corriedale type and style a call on the merino ram is the only remedial breed we have. Better that than purchasng Corredales elsewhere. Someone who is interested in the finer types of wool may- elect to give us his opinions on the questions submitted, as the Corriedale type of sheep now roams a lot of country. “Jack,” Central Otago, writes: Could you give me a good receipe of (1) how to cure a small pig?; (2) How to scald a pig, the correct heat of water, etc. ? (1) For pickling use clean rain water 20 gallons, fine dairy salt 50lb, brown sugar slb, saltpetre 21b, allspice lib. This is enough for 5001 b of meat, so you can adjust proportions of ingredients to suit. Dissolve sugar, salt, and saltpetre in the water, and immerse the allspice tied up in a calico bag. Boil for one hour and skim off any frothy matter rising to the surface whilst boiling. Allow solution to cool down before placing in pickling tub. Before immersing the pork, rub the sides with salt for two days. Keep meat well under the liquid. The time left in pickle depends upon the size of the sides, but it is usually three weeks; (2) The temperature of water varies from 165 degrees to 175 degrees Fahrenheit. The carcase should be immersed and kept moving, and so prevent the appearance of reddened patches after scraping. Once the hair and scurf come away readily remove carcase and start with the head and feet. Add hot water if required during the process of scraping. Finally wash down and remove any patches of hair left -with sharp knife. Once the animal has been dressed, etc., wash thoroughly with clean cold water, and leave body to drain for, say, 24 hours. Once the flesh is cool and set, proceed with the cutting up.

“Perplexed.”—The following are the directions for working ridgeless toe:—To form the Toe. —Ridgeless Toe: When the foot is 6 inches long divide the stitches—viz., 30 on the front needle and 15 on each of the back needles. Then decrease at the two sides, always leaving one stitch at the beginning and the end of the row next to the decrease. Repeat this every third row until you have 24 stitches, 12 front and 12 hack. Break off wool, leaving about 24 inches to finish with. Beginning on front or instep needle, purl first stitch, pull the wool through, and cast off; plain second, pull wool through, but leave the stitch on left-hand needle. No, go to back or sole needle. Plain first stitch, pull the wool through, and cast off; purl second, and pull wool through, but leave stitch on left-hand needle. Now return, to front needle and repeat operation as given, working front and back needles alternately till all sticlies are off, when darn in remainder of wool. Front: Purl and cast off, plain and leave on. Back. —Purl and leave on, plain and cast off. “Knitter.” —Messrs Forrester, Dow, Princes street, Dunedin, have a knitting machine showing at the present time. The price is £2O. They' have not the spools required for knitting dresses, etc., and such a machine is not obtainable in New Zealand, as far as we are aware. “Ignoramus,” Dunedin, writes: In Dunedin Harbour, just off the Victoria wharf, there is a light flashing about every three seconds. (1) Could you kindly tell me what is the source of this light and how the flashing is done? (2) And how are the gas lights in the city streets started and stopped? (1) The intermittent light comes trom a fixture on post—a patent automatic gas machine timed to flash according to adjustment. (2) On most of the gas lamps there is what is called t-ne wave pressure of gas under automatic command of a clever clock-like working machine at the gasworks which is lit from the always alight pilot light. On certain stretches where the pressure, etc., is intermittent or lights are in the teeth of the wind, automatic clock-like machines are fixtures on the lamp posts with pilot lights complete. “Sheep,” "VVairio, sends part of sheep’s jaw with teeth, the latter being coated with some sort of metal. What is it? Agricola replies: The specimen proved mostinteresting, and more so as coming from Southland. It is of a micacevus nature, often found in glittering scales in granite, etc. It is mica (probably silicate of aluminimum). “Home,” Riverton. —Mr H. M. Davey, consulting engineer, 97 Frederick street, replies:—(l) Your questions will be submitted to an electrician, and replied to by him in due time. (2) and (3) Sec reply to (1); (1) This depends on whether bricks are cheap and timber is dear, or vice versa. Also in country places whether there are good bricklayers or not, when this is better known, then a better reply could be given. Is suitable sand and lime cheap or dear? should also be better known. Generally brick houses cost to build about half as much again as wood ones, though, of course, wood houses may- be made very dear if elaborate; (5) I believe so, but will get you the information by next issue; (6) This also will be replied to by next issue.

BIRTHS

BOND.—On June 11, at 14 Moreau street, St. Kilda, to Ml- and Mrs J. A. Bond—a daughter (stillborn). CHURCHMAN.—On June 10, to Mr and Mrs A. Churchman, Fruitlands—a daughter. CORBETT—On June 13, at Nurse Wilson’s, Port Chalmers, to Mr and Mrs W . Corbett—a son. „ , FORES.—On June 15, at Lawrence Maternity Home, to Mr and Mrs J. Forks, of Lawrence—a so i Both well. GIBBS —On June 13, to Mr and Mrs Rowland J. Gibbs, of 35 Chambers street, North-East Valley—a. daughter. ~ GUNN.—On May 31, at Coralyne (Nurse Watson’s), Roxburgh, to Mr and Mrs Donald Gunn, of Coal Creek—a daughter _ JACOB.—On June 6, at Nurse Jacobs s Home (Naseby). to Mr and Mrs Bert Jacob, of Ravensbourne —a daughter. Both well. LEITH —On June 2, at Owaka, to Mr and Mis C. H. Leith, Wyndham— a daughter M'CLINTOCK.—On June 12, at Q.uend-on Hospital (Nurse Leeden’s), the wife of 1. M'Clintock, jun., Middlemarch— a eon M'CULLOCH. —On June 10, at Nurse Cupples’s, “ El Nklo,” to Mt and Mrs W. 0 • P M'Culioch—a daughter. DAL.—On June 11, at their residence, 41 King’s View road, Mount Eden, Auckland, to Mr and Mrs Harry Randal a daughter. , r SANSON.—On Jun e 2, to Mr and Mrs 11. B. Sanson, of Waipiata—e eon (stillborn).

MARRIAGES.

DOBIE—ADAMS.—On April 4, 1923, at Dunedin, by Rev. Graham Balfour, xienr\ Havelock, son of Mrs Dobie, Invercargill, to Eileen, daughter of Mr and Mrs Andrew Adams. Dunedin. _ „ _ , „ LOW—BUTTERFIELD. —On April 11, 1923, at Dunedin, by the Rev. O S. Pearri, Arthur Robert, son of Mr and Mrs J. Low, Ravensbourne, to Violet Catherine daughter of Mr and Mrs A. J. Butterfield, Maori Hill. M'KELLAR—'M'WILLIAM.— On April 24, 19-23 at Knox Church, Dunedin, by tlie Rev. Tullooh Yuille, Peter Alexander yminger son of the late Mr and Mrs John M Keilar, in vercargill. to Dorothea, eldest daughter f M and Mrs A. A. M‘William, Hampden. MTTi ROONEY —WOOD. —On May 14, at «!t M Marv’6 Church, St. Hilda. Melbourne, by the Rev" Father Lynch, John, eldest eon of Mr and Mrs W. Mulrooney to daughter of Mrs and the late W . Wood, botn ° f WWBURY-RAVEN.-On June 6, 1923, Dunedin Presbyterian Church, by the Rev R Fairmaid, Walter Louis, second son of Mr and Mrs W. L. Newbury, Sou.h Dunedin to Annie Adelina, second youngest daughter of Mrs and the late G. Ra.en. ° WFNBORN—WINGFIELD. —On April 3, 1 9 S at Holy Cross Church, St. Kilda, by the Rev. A. Wingfield (brother of the brute). Pin-vert Victor, youngest son of the late Mr and Mis Charles F. Wenborn Melbourne: „o . i daughter of the late Rev. MilHalf Mrs Wingfield, DuneC*SCOTT FALCONER. —On June 16. 1898, at Dm residence of the bride's brothers Glenkilrie Tokomairiro, by the Ret. S. W . Currie (Balciutha) Thomas Scott, lores! Hill, Clarksville,'to Anna Melville, eldest daughter of the late Charles Falconer, Glenkilne. Present address : Clarksville.

DEATHS.

BANDY.—On June 13, 1923. at her mother’s residence, Mary, the beloved wife ”}Tnnstable Bandy, of Ranfurly, and elder Siughtel of Mrs B Earley of 13 Osmond afreet South Dunedin. K.I.F. 6 BLACK. —On June 17, 1923, at Oamaru, Thomas Stanley, dearly beloved son of Jeremiah and Elizabeth Black, Ngapara; aged “ 6 BROWN. —On June 12, at “ Oreti,” Maori Hill Margaret Sloan, beloved wife of b. N. B BUCHANAN.— On June 16, 1923, at her residence, 136 Albany street, Dunedin, Margaret, relict of Wm. H. Buchanan; aged /8 CARSON. —On June 15, at his residence Beach street, Waikouaiti, James, beloved husband of Margaret Carson ; aged 88 years. D CROZIER r —0n June 16, at the residence of Ws eondn-law (H. B. Flett), Waitahuna, Ross Crozier; in h-s ninety-fifth year. DUNCAN —At Cromwell, oj June 11, 19J3, John * beloved husband of Mary Duncan, of Cromwell; aged 57 years. Deeply mourned. DOUGLAS.—On June 15, at the residence of her son-in-law (G. W. Laidlaw), 26 Stuart street, Frances Sweetnam Douglas, relict of William Douglas, late of Gore. DOWNES.—On June 14, at his residence, Beaumont road, Lawrence. James, beloved husband of Catherine Downes; aged 84 years. R I P FOSTER—On June 11, at his residence, 80 Clyde street, Dunedin, Henry Charles, beloved husband of Harriet Foster; in his seventy-sixth year. GREIG.—On June lu, at Dunedin Hospital James, dearly beloved husband of Marv Ann Greig. Wickliffe terrace, Port Chalmers; aged 62 years. Deeply mourned. HALCROW. —Or. June 13, at 7 Ilolmwood road, Fendalton, Christchurch, Rewai, dearly beloved daughter of A. and M. Halcrow. “At 1 HARRTSON.—On June 12, at his residence. 34 Helensburgh road, Roslyn, Robert Harrison, artist. “At rest.” HEAR V.—At Dunback, on June 16, 1923 (suddenly). Michael, beloved husband of Catherine Heafy; aged 48 years. R.I.P. HEPBURN. —On June 15, at liis daughter’s residence. 218 Barbadoes street, Christchurch, Joseph Hepburn (late of Goodwood, Otago); in his eighty-first year. R.I.P. HUTCHINSON.—On June 15, at his sister’s residence, St. Andrew street, Henry Alexander, beloved third eon of the late J. T. Hutchinson.

DEATHS.

ILES. —On June 15, at Dunedin, William Child lies, beloved father of William A., George H., Edward J., and Mrs J. Pratt; aged 87 years. “At rest.” M ‘HATTIE. —On June 12, at the residence of his son-in-law (Mr John C. Browne), Church street Mosgiel, John M'Hattie; in his ninety-fourth year. MALTHUS.—On June 13, 1923, at Dunedin, Sydenham Redmayne, beloved third son of Maurice and Winifred Mary Malthus, 84 Glen avenue, Mornington; aged 8 years and 10 months. Deeply mourned. NORTH.—Suddenly, at Owaka on June 14, Alfred, beloved husband of Isabell North; aged 63 years. PATTI SON.—On June 14, 1923, at Dunedin, William Smith, beloved husband of Jessie Anne Pattison, 44 Easther crescent, Caversliam; aged 62 years. Deeply mourned. ROBERTSON—On June 16, 1923, at Clinton, James Robertson (late of Tapanui); aged 83 years.-"RYAN.—-At Matakanui, on June 8, John Gubbins; in his eighty-second year. R.I.P. SHAW’. —On June 8, at his late residence, 3 Cionbem road, Renmera, Auckland (and late of Papanui road, Christchurch), David Shaw: in his seventieth year. WALLACE. —On June 15, at Dunedin, Ivy Hilda, the beloved wife of Richard Pearson Wallace, 7 Park terrace, and dearly loved only daughter of Mr and Mrs A. R. Tiller, 290 b King street; aged 2S years. Deeply mourned. IN MEMORIAL. BROWN. —In loving memory of my dear "randson, Andrew Brown, who departed this fife June 18, 1920. —Inserted by his loving grandparents, uncles, and aunts, Lower Hawea. CONNOR. —In loving memory of our father, Thomas Connor, of Arrowtown, who passed away at Invercargill, June 18, 1922. “Death divides, but memory lives for ever.” Inserted by his family. DUNKLEY. —In loving memory of my dear husband, Denis Dunkley, who departed this life June 18, 1922.—Inserted by his loving wife. HUTTON. —In loving- memory of our dear mother, who departed this life at Dunedin on June 13, 1921. —Inserted by her loving son, wife, and grandson, L. S. Hutton. KIRBY. —In loving memory of cur dear father, William Tredgold Kirby, who died at Naseby on June 17, 1908. —Inserted by loving sons and daughters. M'BREEN. —In sad but loving memory of our dear parents, who jxissed away at Moa Creek —mother on June 12, 1920, and father on July 20, 1918. A better mother and father never lived, Nor ones more true and kind; Their equal in this sad, lone world You’ll very rarely find. Their hearts were always in their home, They tried and did their best, Until a message came one day— God called them home to rest. Ob 1 let our faith in Him be strong, Who feels our every care, And will for us, as He has said, A place in Heaven prepare. Blessed hope that in Jesus is given, 111 our sorrow to cheer and sustain,

That soon with our Saviour in Heaven We shall meet with our loved ones there. Too dearly loved to be forgotten. —lnserted by their loving family. M'BREEN. —In loving memory of my dear mother, E. M'Breen, who passed away on June 12, 1920, and my father, W. M'Breen, who died on July 20, 1918. Also my brother, Andrew M'Breen, who died on July 25, 1918, from wounds received while in France. One by one cur dear ones leave us, And our sad hearts wonder why; But we have God’s own assurance We shall meet they by ?nd by.

Then; cheery smiles and pleasant ways Are pleasures to recall. And we will always have their pictures Hanging on the wall. —lnserted by W. M’Breen, wife, and family

IN MEMORIA.M. M'LEOD. —In loving memory of my dear husband, James Patterson M'Leod. who died as the result ef an accident on N.Z.R. on June 13, 1922. Only a memory of days gone by, And a sigh for a face unseen; But a constant feeling that God alone Knows best what might have been. —lnserted by his sorrowing wife and two little sons. PRITCHARD. —In loving memory of wee Sydney, who passed away on June 13, 1922. “ A beautiful naemory left behind.”—lnserted by his loving mother (Mrs Pritchard) and family. SAINSBURY.—In loving memory of Edwin (D'ave), who died on June 13, 1921. “Your memory forever dear.” —Inserted by M. S. and L. S. SAUL.—In loving memory of Rhoda Mary, who departed this life on June 13, 1922.—Inserted by her husband and family. SMITH. —In loving memory of Mary A. Smith, who passed away at Burnside on June 16, 1919. “Till the day break and the shadows flee away.”—lnserted by her loving husband and family. SPARROW. —On June 13, 1919. at his residence, 90 Fawcett street, South Dunedin. Another year brings round the day That tore thee from our hearts away; But every passing year imparts Fresh loving memories to our hearts. Although we sadly miss you. With your bright and honest smile, We know that we shall meet again, Which helps to reconcile. —lnserted by his loving son and daughter* in-law, in Auckland. SPARROW. —In loving memory of our dear father, Charles Sparrow, who passed away on June 13, 1919. A beautiful memory left behind Of a loving father, good and .kind; When days are hard and fiiends are few, Father, dear, hew we long for you! Tc> a beautiful life came an end; He died es he lived—everybody’s friend. —lnserted by his loving daughters, son, and sons-in-law. WALKER. —In sweet remembrance of our dear May, who died on June 12, 1918; aged 20 years. “ Ever remembered and sadly missed by her Joved ones.” lo computing the lines of space to be occupied, advertisers are notified that they can reckon six words to the line. All words over 30 are, therefore, charged at 6(1 for each six words. Announcements of Births, Barrioges and Death* sent by post for publication must bear the signature of our agent, a olergvman, or a J.P. Charge for these, Ss eaoh prepaid, or 4s if booked, when not exceeding five lines, and 6d for each line over five. "In tr.emoriam” notices are inserted at the same rates, but when versee are added an additional oharge of fid per Une iB made for each lin* of spaoe occupied.