IN DAYS THAT HAVE GONE.

Otago Witness, Issue 3100, 13 August 1913, Page 73

IN DAYS THAT HAVE GONE.

THE WEEKS ANNIVERSARIES. August 10. —Sir C. J. Napier born 1/82. "Tenth of August” Massacres in Paris, 1792. John Cornelius de itt murdered 1672. Earthquake in Italy, 1.822. Hungarians defeated at Temcsvar, 1849. Strasburg invested by Prussians, 1.870. (Marshal Bazaine escaped, 18(4. Cold discovery at Coogardie, 1894.* , Lord Russell of Kitlowcn died 19-00. August 11. —Battle of Ascalon, 1059. Francis 11, Emperor of Germany, became Francis I, Emperor of Austria, 1804. 11.M.5. Britomart beat L’Aube in race for possession of South Island, 1840.

Mr Sullivan, British Minister at Lima, shot, 1857. Registration of women doctors permitted by Medical Act, 1876. Cardinal Newman died 1890. August 12. —Southey born 1774. Wellington entered Madrid,

1812. , r British and French defeated Chinese at Peiho. 1859. Disraeli made Karl of Boaeonsiickh 1876. James Russell Lowell died 1891. Hawaii annexed by United Stales. 1898. August 13. —Pope Sixtus IV died 1484. Cortez captured city of Mexico, 1521. Jeremy Taylor died 1651. Battle of Blenheim. 1704. Capo Colony ceded to British,

1814. I’. B. Marston born 1850. Earthquake in Central America, 1858. W. S.- Jevons died. 1882. First train passed through Bulgaria. 1883. First Mohammedan mosque opened in Kng land, 1889, Sir J. K. Millais died. 1896. Airs Craigie died 1906. August 14. —New Poor Law passed P 34. Colin Campbell died 1853. Cetewayo received by Queen Victoria. 1882. Richard J cileries died ISB7. Relief of Peking Legations, 1900. August 15.—Napoleon born 1769. Walter Scott born. 1771. T. <!e Quincey born, 1785. Flushing Taken by Brit.sh, 1800. California admitted to United States. 1850. Reform Bill passed 1867. Meeting of Red Sea and Mediterranean waters in Suez Canal, 1869. August 16. Ben Jenson died 1637. Andrew Alar veil died 1578. “Peferloo” massacre, 1819. Allies’ first success in Crimean war, 1854. Battle of Tehernaya. 1855. Confession of Sullivan and Burgess, highwaymen, at Nelson. 1866. Disastrous sortie from Kandahar, 1880. I Aehillc Francois Bazaine, French marshal, j who surrendered the Fiench army of ! 140.000 to the Germans at Alotz, was in I 1873 brought to trial before a military j court, lie was found guilty of negotiating with and capitulating to the enemy before doing all that was prescribed by duty and honour and sentenced to degradation ami death, but very strongly recommended to mercy. His sentence was commuted to 20 years’ seclusion, ami the humiliating e< remonies attending degradation were dispensed with. He was ineaiceratc-d on the | lie Sainte Alarguerite, and treated rather I as an exile than us a convict. On August j 10, 1874. ho made his escape to Italy, and i final.y took up his abode in Madrid, where i he died in September, ISSB. i William Stanley Jevons, English economist and logician, was born in September, 1835. He spent five years in Sydney, from 1854 to 1359, as assaycr to the new mint, and afterwards returned to enter again as a student at University College, London. In 1866 he was elected professor of logic and mental and moral philosophy and Coladen professor of political economy in Owen’s College, but 10 years later he was glad to exchange this for the- professorship of political economy in Univers tv College, London. On August 13, 1832, lie was drowned while bathing near Hastings, and it would be difficult to exaggerate the loss which logic and political economy sustained through the accident by which his life was prematurely cut short. His journal and letters display a noble simplicity of disposition, and an unswerving honesty of purpose. He was a prolific writer, and at the time of his death he occupied the foremost position in England both as a logician and as an economist. He had the gift of making the most abstiuse and complicated subjects both clear and interesting to the popular mind, and his “Elementary Lessons on Logic” is the most widely read elementary text-hook on logic in the English language.

The disastrous Walcheren Expedition, under the joint command of Lord Cliatham. and Sir Richard Strachan, set sail on July 28, 1809, and was on the coast of Holland the ne.\t day. The commanders determined to take Flushing first, but they eet about it so slowly that a fortnight was consumed in preparations. On August 15 Flushing was taken, and after this Lord Chatham

paused to consider what to do next. Eventually' he did nothing more than take possession of two small islands near Flushing. Flushing was given up and everything else, except the Island of Walcheren, which, on account of disease, it was fatal to hold at that season of the year. When the island was evacuated on December 23 nearly half the force sent out five months before were dead or missing, and of those who returned 35.000 were admitted into the hospitals of England before June 1 next. Twenty millions sterling were spent on this expedition. “It was the purchase money,” says Harriet Martineau, “ of tens of thousands of deaths, and of ineffaceable national disgrace.” Tchernaya is the name of a river in the Crimea where on August 16, 1855, the lines of the allied army were attacked by 50.000 Russians, under Prince Gortschakoff. The Russians were repulsed with the loss of 3500 slain and over 1500 wounded, and some 600 of them were taken prisoners. The brunt of the attack was borne hy two French regiments under General D’Hnrbillon. The loss of the allies was about 1200, 200 of these being from the Sardinian contingent, which behaved with great gallantry under the command of General La Marmora. The Russian general, Read, and the Sardinian general. Montevocchio, were killed. The object of the attack was the relief of Sebastopol, then closely besieged by the English and French. On August 16, 1866, the Otago Daily Times published the sensational confessions of Sullivan and Burgess, then awaiting trial in Nelson with Kelly and Levy for the horrible Maungatapu murders. Sullivan’s confession represented himself as concerned in the robberies, but as away from the spot on each occasion of killing. Burgess’s lengthy confession, which occupied the attention of the court for over five hours, was made nauseating by abundant quotations from Scripture and professions of “ conversion.” Ho charged himself and Sullivan with the actual killing of five men on the Maungatapu, and stated that the murder of Mr Dobson was done while Sullivan was absent from Grey mouth. According to Burgess, the murder of James Battle was suggested by Sullivan, and each of them took part in it. Burgees, Levy, and Kcllv were executed the following October.