The Premier Separator.

Otago Witness, Issue 2809, 15 January 1908, Page 20

The Premier Separator.

The new principle covered by the "Baltic? * Patents is rapidly establishing 1 .this machine as the Premier Cream Separator. The> split wing system has been discarded, and* a special and -very simple arrangement? feeds the whole milk to the feeparating' planes without disturbing the cream layer* Reaulta achieved in actual practice' witKi the "Baltic" have astonished practical factory men, and the really marvellous capacity} and -clean skimming- have exceeded any* thing hitherto known. Practical proof will be given on. v application to J. B. Mjuß», EWAN & 00. (LIMITED), Dunedin.

The old man undertook to build the stacks, but decl'ned the drive. He arrived on the scene at 7 o'clock next morning, worked all day, and walked home at night. <I elm afraid! not many younger, men would ■undertake a _walk of six miles before 7 a.m., and put in 10 hours on a stack. There was no reason for his walking- the distance, except that he desired his independence. At this season it is customary jfco g've instructions about stack-building, bo I will repeat my ideas: Select the site as near to the road as possible. When it comes threshing or chaffcutting the ground may be wet and the haulage of the mill to the stacks and carting the stuff to the road .may mean much extra' (work, besides making a mess of the stubble* (Personally, from old' associations, I like the round 6tack best; but in practice tho long oblong is equally as'- good, and for some reasons more advantageous — that_ is, bo long as they are not made too wide. If the stuff is hurriedly harvested, it is apt to sweat a good deal, and perhaps get iheated. An oblong stack 16ft or 18ft wide .will dry just as readily as the round, and irequiree a great deal less heading, which is a consideration if the stack be thatched or covered. Iron can be used td great advantage on a square stack. Stuff that is to be used for chaffing should be covered as toon as possible after stacking, as in jfche best built stacks there is a considerable '•■waste, and if not rendered useless the straw and grain will be discoloured. Another item that is not alway attended to is the making of a bottom or stand of some kind. There is little straw in the north this season, so that farmers will have to fall back on scrub timber -rihen nothing else ""is handy." I have seen" a good 'dry stand made by -rounding up the^ earth as ■if a was being formed.^_The' soil from .ifche outside of the 18ft mark "of the proposed stack bottom is somethimes thrown into 'the centre, thereby making a little hillock. 3GE this is done in dry weather, and the surface drainage attended to, it will be fpund there will be little or no water. The whole secret of stack-building is to i keep' the centre solid and higher than the I outside rings. So long as ,this is done there will be little fear of, raiif gaining an entrance. It is pleasing to see a nice lot of stacks standing erect, with a nice ' Bwell in the barrel. Sometimes those eyepleasers' do .not throw off the rain as. well I as the rougher-looking ones. Chaff seems as if it will be good property again this —year. Farmers should therefore take measures to protect the stacks at - once. We have fine weather now, but there is no. telling how long it will last. « E notice many farmers buy a diary^at* the . - beginning of the year, with The DJary the excellent intention of reaad Iti Talue, cording their doings ; but how few are written up regularly, bo as to be of any value with Tegard to tho future. I had much, pleasure an looking over a diary that had been written up. It was really a text- book on the management of the farm, as it recorded the ploughing, sowing, and harvesting of all crops, everything that had been done with the stock, the numbers of days or hours of labour on the farm. When we - 'come to study suoh a. compendium of dates sand. facts of work done, apd the Teaulte, "•its educative ralue is incalculable, more especially, if extended over a series of (years. Take one -crop as an example — Bay turnips. Of course, the seasons have a. good deal to do with the failure or suc-cess-'of any crop; but there are many Wessons that may be learned by looking Iback; and! noting .the date , and state of ifche land when ploughed.. etc. ' Most farmers now recognise thatovinter ploughing of land intended for turnips is essential; still (through various causes there is always a large area eown directly the land is tinned over. Then the conditions under wbiclr 'it-he sowing took place can be ascertained — whether the land was got into a fine tilth, what moisture there was in the soil, and anany other apparently little matters that may. have had a great bearinar on the Crop. Then, again, it is possible b-" the VJates given in the diaryi to see what crop has been the most profitable, and. takinsr a series of years, mest reliable. The life of the ■ ordinary .farmer is in most cases a monotonous one. Still, at some period or other there has been come particular ■ fpo'int the dealing with which meant weal or wpe. WBeh one can read a daily record of a man's life for 40 ''years there is much to interest even the writer in recalling 'escapades of younger days that had been •forgotten. All farmers, more especially young men starting in life, should etart and keep a diary, and see to it that they enter each day's doinss as they occur. SJveii the writing of it up every aigrbt inculcates method. Smoke has been hanging thick towards the north during the last few .Clean days,' which reminds us that $e&. grass-seed sowing will be in voeue in that direction during: the next month or two. The pioneers' chief topic is what seed to sow. No - definite rules can be- laid down as to < what particular grasses to sow. everything . depending on the "situation, climate, and nature of the soil. - The best advice ' that can he- given is, look round the pastures j oi neighbours whose soil and other con- • diiions are somewhat similar to your own ajid notice which particular grasses are talking the best pastures. There is one .. taiom that should be adhered to— that is, to

provide good seed, and clean. Let it be free from weeds at all costs. Better 101b of good stuff than 401b of light and dirty ; in fact, dirty seed spells ruin, and every care should be taken that no weeds are introduced on to a. new burn. Weeds will probably get there fast enough by being carried by stock from unclean pasture. There are certain rules that 'may be followed — viz., When purchasing seed go to the seedsman that has a reputation to lose ; never be tempted to buy from, dealers that offer cheap stuff. It may some times be possible to get at a cheap rate cleavi seed true to name, but to an ordinary farmer who is not an expert the risk is too great, especially for bush-lands that cannot be broken up for the- next decade or two, if ever. A new system of sowing' either rape or turnips with the grass on Kape or Turnips a new burn has been mom Bath Land, augurated of late years with most satisfactory results when the situation and soil have been favourable — enormous crops having been I grown on some of the rich flats up the • North Trunk railway line this last year lof two. Whether rape or turnip is pre- ( ferable depends on wjien sown and when the feed will be most serviceable. On lowlying country, if the bush is burned and can be seeded tni3 month, rape will give a lot 1 of feed in the autumn. For winter, turnips are to be preferred. A couple of pounds of rape or lib of turnips, to the acre costs but. i little, so that it is advisable to add either ! to the grass mixture, especially on partly established farms where there are hoggets to winter. Both rape and turnips are always saleable, and of late lots of fat stock come off this bush rape and turnips. * Such crops do not interfere with the grasses if fed off in dry weather by sheep, as they consolidate the soil and give the fine grass rootlets a firmer hold. The turnips should be fit to eat off in the winter, when sheep can generally be bought cheaper than in the spring. Mr Duncan, secretary to the • Glen Oroua Dairy Company, has taken Another lid out a patent for heating to Dairying. water or milk by an apparatus that uses the exhaust from the oil engine that drives the separator. Should the invention prove able to do the work claimed_ it will mean a large saving in the working of creameries. It has always been a question whether steam of oih as a driving power was the [ cheaper. If only power is required, of course oil is a long way cheaper, fireI wood in many instances being very expen1 6ive — 25s a cord. If the exhaust can supply the want it will mean>a saving of £20 or j £30 a year at many of the creameries. __I J understand' the Gl^n Oroua Campany are having the apparatus installed at one of | their oreameries, so that shortly it will have a fair trial and show what it can do. ANTIQUA OVIS.