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Otago Witness, Issue 2181, 19 December 1895, Page 52

SOME BUBAL NOTES.

Little Falls, N.Y., Oc'ober 14. —These sales were made :— IOO boxes tlmii at BJc ; Ell boxes large at Be ; 50 boxes ho at 9Jc ; 520 boxes do at 9Jc ; 750 boxes large and small at 9sc ; 3160 boxes small at 10c; 45 packages dairy butter at 18c to 20c; 42 packages creamery butter at 21c. Bi cents is 4^6", which means that the cheese is worth under 4£d in London. This tallies with latest information from the world's metropolis, which gives 44s as quotation for finest Canadian Septembers, which would meau from 3£d to 3|d as the value of cheese f.o.b. here— that is, the finest. This shows an improvement on late rates, but it is a long way off what I would like to sea it. I trust the slight improvement will steadily continue. ' The wool sale on the 19th will have but a email catalogue on offer. Wool is late this year, and the quantity offered will be only about onethird of what is usual at the first local sale. I hope to be able to record good prices, and everything points that way.

Br Colonus. When a rider has mounted a young horse for the first time, and desires him Starting to make a 6tarb, he must not a give the animal a dig with the loung Ilorse. heels or a sharp cut with the whip or he will be likely to jump forward and buck and otherwise play up. The rider should feel his mouth with the rein and pull his -head round a little to make him move, and then try to induce him to make a step or two forward. If he will go forward quietly a few yards he will generally be all right with attention, and taking care not to hurry or frighten him. Before mounting a young horse for the first lime it is better to drive him with long reins & bit. That will teach him to go ahead when you are behind him, and to stop and turn with a pull of the reins. lo 6top a horse when tiding with the snaffle only, and he tries to bolt or run To Stop a away, pull his head round on Bolting one side if he will not stop with Horse. .. a pull of the reins, for the horse cannot run forward with bis Head turned aside. There are some horses, •however, with ihort necks, or whose mouths have been spoiled and made hard by rough handling, .that cannot be turned in that manner if it is necessary to stop them. If ho cannot be turned or stopped by pulling alone, take a rein ia each hand acd s\w his mouth with the snaffle. It has been said, and it thould be remembered, that when a horse runs away it is useless to rely on the curb, as, when once he has fully resisted it, the longer he runs bhe less he cares for it. The better plan is to keep the snaffle moving and sawing in his mouth, and from time to time take a sharp pull at - the curb. I seldom see \he curb-bit used in riding in the country district in which I live. Few things are mcra dangerous in riding khan the falling of a horse. If a horse comes nearlly down on his knees when walking or trotting, the rider, if he can, should siick to his seat, »nd the horee may recover himself without coming quite over ; but if the horce come 3 down ft plumper it is better for the rider to leave his jeafc and clear away from the horce as quickly As ho can, or the animal may fall on him, or roll Dyer him. If a horse falls at full gallop, the rider, unless he has a firm seat, may be pitched Dyer the animal's head, and perhaps have his neck broken ; but if he can stick to the saddle well enough to avoid beiog pitched forward, it is well for him to leave his Eeat, as he probably would have to do anyway, and clear out of the way of the horse as soon as he can. Hard tugging or jerking of the reins is apt to spoil a horee's mouth. The rider The Beins. should work the reins with a movement of the wrist, keeping his elbows well in, and not stuck out, and the hands low, and sitting well down io the saddle. If a rein is held ia each hand the horee should be turned to the right by depressing the thumb of the right hand, and to the left by depressing the thumb of the left hard . IE both reins are - held -in the left hand the hdrse should be turned Jo the right by bendiog the wtis b so as to poiafc the little finger towards the right elbow, and to the left by bending the wrist so as to point the little finger towards the left elbow. Martingales are useful when a horse is apt to throw his head about much, and sometimes in breaking young horses? They are also some check on a horse if he tries to bolt or run away, though the rider cannot pull his head on one lide so effectively if the horse ius a martingale

on. When practicable I think martingales are bttter dispenfed with. Iv a conversation with an experienoed shepherd recently he expresned the opinion that martingales are apt to pull a I horse over when riding down steep slopes on tae bills. Bicycles on the road are daDgerous for young horses, or nervous horses who The Fear of see them for the firbt time. The Bicycles, first time I eucouutered one of these machines on the road the horse I was riding seemed to bo nearly frightened out of bis wits, and it was about as much as I could do to hold and control him. Bicycles, however, do not seem to sffect all horses to that extent, and eny hors? would probably soon get used to the sight of them. They involve, however, a certain amount of danger to riders and drivers, sometimes coming in sight suddenly, without making any noise to give warning of their approach. In England bicycles on the roads have to carry bells, and I think it would be well if the same regulation were in force here also.