IN DAYS THAT HAVE GONE.

Otago Daily Times, Issue 15553, 7 September 1912, Page 6

IN DAYS THAT HAVE GONE.

THK WKKK'S ANNIVERSARIES. cl Sept. B.—Amv Robsart died at Cutnnor, 1560. ."; Dagiterrc's new invention of j\ photography exhibited, 1839. "' Prince Alexander ot Bulgaria, w . abdicated, 1885. _ & Franchise granted to women in °"1 Now Zealand, 1893. g Sent. D.-William tho Conqueror died, n . 1087. Mutiny on ship Fanny, 1837. tJ Victor Emmanuel II proclaimed tl •■ King of Italy. 1860. A War with Abyssinia declared, i ™ l „ . . . . , li Es-Emnress Kugcnto landed at v Hyde", 1870. ;. a Canon Liddon died, 1890., t Sept. 10.—Biitllp of Pinkie, 1547. r Invasion of Canada, 1775. c Fire at MihVall shipyard, lffia. ' Prince Ranjitsinhji horn, M£. i Sept. IL-Do Turrnne born, 1611.- ( Raltlo of .Mnlplaquct, "M. < Ualtlc of Lake Champlam, 1814. , Sept. IZ.-I'ope Innocent VI (lied, 1382. i Francis lof Franco born 1491. 1 Sobicski defeated tho Turks, 1683. j Lord ThurloW. Chancellor of England, died, 18C6. Lord Lyndhurst died. 1863. f Act passed to establish New Zea- i land University, 1870. ] Sept. 13—Emperor Titus died, 81.' William Cecil, Lord Burgnloy, bom, 1520. Montaigne died, 1592. Philip II of Spain died 1598., _ Defeat of French and Spanishneet at Gibraltar, 1782. Charles James Fox died, 1806. Cleopatra's Ncctllo raised on Thames Embankment, 18/ B. Tcl-el-Kebir, 1882.

Sept. M.-Pono Adrian VI <'><£. 1523 - Karl of Esses died. 1646. Marquis ile Montcalm died, 1759. Baron do Humboldt torn, 1769. Bloodless revolution at Athens, 18 ' 5 ' • I 10E1 Hrnimoro Cooper died. 1001. Allird forces land in the Crimea, 1854. , , Capture of Cairo and surrender of Arabi Pasha, 1882. KoLsurt was Uio maiden name of Lady Amy Dudley, wito of Lord Robert Dudley, afterwards fori of Leicester. '1 he marriage was apparently arranged by the- family lor business reasons, awl thero is no ground for supposing that it was a lovo match or that she was beautiful. When Lbwbeth became Queen in 1559 Lord Robert was soon known to bo her favourite, and it was beliovod that sho would marry lum if lio were free. In 1560 Lady Amy went, by her husband's directions to Cuinnor Place, a house near Oxford, rented by his agent. Hero she was found lyiug dead on t ho floor of the hull on September 8, 1560, by her servants, whom she had allowed to go to Abingdon Fair. The circumstances of her death never have been, and now cannot be, cleared up. A coroner's jury, which her liusband did his bret to pack and influence, attributed her end to accident. In a profligate age William 1, siirnailtcd tho Conqueror, was distinguished by tlio purity ol his married life, by temperate habits, and by a sincere piety. His most severe measures were taken in cold b'ood us part of his general policy; but his natural disposition was averse to unnecessary bloodshed or cruelty. His ono net of wanton devastation, the clearing of tho New Forest, has been grossly exaggerated. After ruling Knglaiid with a strong hand for 20 years ho left it for the Continent in the summer of 1086, and never returned. In 1067 ho invaded the French Vexin to retaliation the" garrison of Mantes for raids committed on bis territory. Ho renched and burned the town, but as ho rode out to view the ruins his horse'plunged on tho burning cinders, mid inflicted on him an interna 1 injury. He was carried in great suffering to Houcn, Hid there died on September 9, 1087. Ho ivas buried in St. Stephen's, at Caen, and i plain slub still marks the place of his :omb betoro the high altar; but his bones ivere scattered by tho Huguenots in 1562. Immediately on tlio death of James V jf Scotland, Henry VIII of England began i most resolute undertaking to secure the land of tho infant queen Mary for his own infant son. In pursuance of this project, ,ho Karl of Hertford, then Lord Protector >f England during the minority of his icphew Edward 11, entered Scotland at tho lend of a numerous army in September, 1547. Ho found tho Scottish army under ho Regent Arran assembled in great force 0 oppose him. After skirmishing for ;everal diiys with various success in tho icighboiirhood of Preston-pans tho two irmies at length c.imo to a decisive engagenent on Saturday, September 10, long after mown by the name of "Rliick Saturday." Tho Field of Pinkie, tho aeeno of this fatal contest, lies about six miles distant from ylinburgh. Tho Scots were at first victorious, and succeeded in driving back tlio ncmy and carrying olf the Royal Standard if Kngland; but, being almost desliluto of avalry, they wcro driven from tho field, ftcr a dreadful slaughter, with tho loss of nany of their nobles and leaders either lain or taken prisoners. It is stated that here fell not 200 of tho English but above 0,000 of the Scots. Nevertheless, such 1 savngo wooing" brought the, English no learer their purposo of winning tho youngicon.

Princo K. S. Ranjitsinghi, for long tlio idol of tho .English cricketing public, is llio nilor or "Jem" of Nawanagar, a native State of India iii tlio Cujcrat division of Bombay, and h;is an area of about 3800 square miles and a population of ovor 330,000. ltanjilsinjhi, who wus born on September 10, 1372, was educated at tlio Haikuniar College, Rajkot, and at Trinity College, Cambridge. Ho had been adopted by his uncle, but tlio adoption was set aside, with British sanction,, in favour of a

Ron by a Mahommcdiin mothor. This son succeeded, but tliod in 1906 at the. ago of

24, and JlaiijiUinjhi obtained L)io throne in March of tlio following year.

Henri, "Vieomto do Turcnnc, marshal of franco, was born at Sedan on September [1, 1611. lie received his military «]uoaion iu Holland, and was brought up in tlio Reformed faith. Upon his return to his

native country ho anno under tho notico of Richelieu, wJio at once giivo him a cointnission. During tlio allianco of Franco with - tlio Protestants in the Thirty Years' War Ik> fought with great distinction, and later tho Italian campaign added to his laurels, nnd after tho rapid conquest of Itoussilbii from tho Spjuiiards lie was rewarded with tho baton of a marshal of Franco and tho chief command of tho Rhine. In tho following years ho added bistro to his name ami glory to tho anus of Franco. Turenno was ono of tho groat captains whoso campaigns Napoleon rcooimnonded all soldiers to "read . and re-read." Unliko iiis great' rival, Conde, who was brilliant in his' first bottle ns in his last, Turenno improved day by day. Though Conde's genius was far moro vo'rwililo it is Turenno whoso career liest reprc-snii-ts the art of war in tho 17th century. His long military careor was ended by a, ciiimoiilwll while ho whs oonducluig his moincntoifc campaign in f.!ormany in 1675, Francis I of France, son of Charles of Valois and Ijouisn of Savoy, whs bom ,tfc Cognno on September 12, 1491. Txmiso watched over her son with iviHsionato tenderness, and the f library of his home was well stocked with romances of tho Round Tablo which exalted the lad's imagination, lie married Claude, tho daughter of I/ouLs XII, in 1514, and succeeded l/ouis XII on January 1, 1515. His brilliant qualities proved lo be all on the surface, and at bottom tlio man was frivolous, profoundly selfish, unstable, and utterly incapable of consistency or application. Htinlingj tennis, and gallantry wore the chief preoccupations of his life, hi Uic Italian campaign of 1525 he proved a vacillating and foolhardy leader, and by his blundering led the army to tlio disaster of Pavia, where, .however, ho fought with ■great bravery. During hi.s subsequent imprisonment ho was eompelUxl In redo Burgundy to Charles V. In religious policy, in matters of art, and, indeed, in evory department of life, Francis showed tho same instability and indecision of uharnclor. The • obelisks improperly named Cleopatra's needles uv.ro erecM by Thothmes 111 fit On about 1600 B.C. Ono was removed to Alexandra by August*, about 23 n.c. (likl, after being long imbedded in tho shore, it was acquired for Great Britain bv Sir Ralph Abcroromby in 1801. In 1877 Mr .1. K. Wilson, having offered to pay all expenses, Mr John Dixonj tlio engineer, undertook to«oonvey it to England. Tho vessel named tlio Cleopatra containing it sailed with the Olga, but during a violent galo tho vessels v.-ero sepiratcd, and fix lives wero lost in a fruitless attempt to recover tlio drifting ship. Tho Cleopatra, whioh had lo bo abandoned, was found by tiio Fikmauricc and eventually towed into 1/indon iu January, 157 a Salvage of £2000 was awarded. After much disc-us-don the Thames embankment between Charing Cross iuml Waterloo bridges was sela'lcd 1 for tho sito of tho obolisk,_ and there, with tho .exercise of much engineering skill, it was erected on September 13, 1878.' The obelisk '.weighs over. 185 tors, and its height from ba>c to point is 63ft sJin. 'J'el-el-Kobir, in Egypt, was tho site of the entrenched camp of tlio rebel general Arabi Pasha, which was captured by tho

British on September 13, 1882. TV rebel forces consisted of about 17,500 regular infantry, 2500 cavalry, 6000 Bedouins, and ether irregulars, and 70 guns. Sir Garnet WoLiolcy commenced his advance at 1.30 a.in, that day, and readied Arabi Pasha's camp nl rlaybrcaik. The surprised Egyptians filled t.ho trendies nml fought well under cover, but when tho British sealed the parapots Ihey soon Hod, hotly pursued by tbo cavalry." Arabi l'nsha's army was' completely broken up, and tho British entered Cairo tho Tlhs Highland regiments bore Ibo tinint of Uio action. In 1831 Princo OtJio of Bavaria accepted I Uio crown of Greece offered to him by

tho Powers, but his rulo was not successful. An unfortunate attempt was matlo to contraliso tho wholo administration of Greece; her ancient municipal rights and customs wero overlooked, and taxation was almost as indiscriminate nnd lmrdcnsomo as undor tho Turks. Gradually the discontent of tho people, nnd Uio feebleness and infatuation of tho Govornmcnt, brod a revolution.' Tho King and tho Government neglected symptoms which woro conspicuous to all besides, and a i revolution which was consummated on September 14, 1843, (omul them practically unprepared and helpless. After a well-contrived demonstration ot the troops, which was acquiesced in and virtually sanctioned by tho representatives of tho three Powers. King Olho gavo way and signed tho decrees which had been submitted to him, establishing a new constitution, enforcing ministerial responsibility and national representation. For tho first time since tho Boman conquest Greece resumed the dignity of felf-govornmont.