THE Otago Daily Times. TUESDAY, JUNE 22, 1875.

Otago Daily Times, Issue 4163, 22 June 1875, Page 2

THE Otago Daily Times. TUESDAY, JUNE 22, 1875.

Amongst our telegrams yesterday we published one iv which the substance of a letter by the master of the ship Tweed to the London Times -was given at some length. It seems from the tenor of his remarks that the influence of public opinion has found its way into the forecastle, and been productive there of disastrous consequences. This is, oi course, a roundabout way of putting the matter, but it is not far from the most precise truth. No one doubts that, from one cause or another, th« average character and ability of tht British seaman have of late years vastlj deteriorated. Whether the hardships inseparable from a seafaring life hav< had much to do with this, or whethei it be owing to other more indefinabli matters, every one knows very wel that this is an undeniable fact. Mj Plimsoll has devoted himself to ex posing the perils undei'gone by seamei - through defective construction o ships and reckless over-insimmci by owners. The feeling of pity anc sympathy tor "poor Jack," has spreai widely, and hardly a landsman in thi i Empire that has not felt a thrill o fellow-feeling for those of our brav< tars exposed not only to the perils o the sea, but to the devilries of avari cious owners, and the reckless cupidifc; of insurance sharks. Mr Plimsoll, ii the expressive language of Pennsylvania " struck ile" when he stirred the sym pathies of the British public for th sufferings of " our seamen." By speech by book, by lecture, by every sensa tional means that could be devised, h roused British sympathies. Even Bar sum made offers to him for curiosities and if all tales be true, recognised ii him a kindred ppirit in his masted; way of dealing with the public. W do not in the least mean to say tha his labours were unnecessary; on th contrary, nev<sr a juster cause engager the sympathies of a philanthropist We do not mean to impugn his honest; of purpose, on the contrary, we believ him to be a sincere reformer. We ar only concerned now to point out thai as with every picture, there are tw sides to this, and that Captain Stewart of the ship Tweed, has put his finge upon an evil to a certain extent causei by the benevolence of Mr Plisisoll. It is not in human nature that a clas so much pitied should not come to be lieve itself very hardly used, and soone or later act on that understanding. W can very well trace the process c thought until it eventuated in actior If the public prints of Ofcago— magn, comparari oarvis —were to ring with th hardships to which the boys, say, a Queenstown Grammar School, were sul jected; after no very long time the boy would come to take unheard of liberties

d school discipline woul^sobn become" thing of the past—juftflp witl thie\ nk andfiteof the mera^lejnaKners^ ► much has I^6nsaiddftlfei|hardlott]iat: ey feel assured of thCsj^pathiestpf c British public' Here ar3?everywhere se, aud they ..trade upoiilfc Seamen," ho would sscorn >tp?steal whileashore/ link ifc no robbery, but good sound stice, based upon the doctrine of re•isals, to broach a case of P.B. at sea. el the first officer be., eydr- so careful. i stowing his cargo, it is almost upossible to prevent the crew, by a iccessful rummage, from ferretting put ie right case. The consequences are ) small—a week ortwo ofimprisonment -neither disgrace nor any other evil jnsequence attaches to such an act. A >ng shore public smiles at the foray, ud scarcely wonders tbat the horrors f a fo'castle half under water round be Cape should have driven Jack to teal a little momentary happiness. We hallenge attention to the consequences f this, because recent events have read ls all a stern lesson, and bid us remember bat the extreme severity of old nautical aw has a certain justification at the tottom of it. The ocean is a partner or ervant that will not be trifled with, ["he bones of the Cospatrick and other ressels remind us that only a despotism :an battle with it. The almost unaninous opinion of those who know best, tscribe the loss of this vessel to one and she same cause, \i%. —that the sailors ampered with the cargo. Of cours*1 ihey did. Hardly a shipmaster sails ;hafc will not echo Captain Stewart's iaunfc, and express a wish that Mi Plimsoll and his confreres could expe L-ience some of their difficulties, and recognise the terrible responsibilities of their position with a crew sgged on to turbulent conduct bj> pseudo-philanthropy. Fire, mutiny, wreck—these are the evils always haunting the captain, and, unless he represses the second by a short, sharp, and seemingly too tyrannous process, he must often take his choice between the first and last—the " devil, and the deep sea." Captain Stewart becomes terribly inpressive in the concluding portion of his letter, which we commend to the attention of captains, police magistrates, philanthropists, and all those whom it may more particularly concern :— " There is scarcely a vessel going; to the Colony whose owner does not have to pay heavily for loss occasioned by plundering cargo ; but what is of much more consequence is the danger to valuable lives by crews getting into the ship's hold with naked lights amid inflammable cargo, whereby many good tdiips and many unfortunate passengers have been sacrificed. Their number could never be told, for the ships have been posted as missing." "Who can wonder that, with such truths confronting them, captains feel but little sympathy with fche woes of " poor, ill-used Jack." Captain Montgomery, of the Queen of the Age, supports Captain Stewart, and says how, in the event of a disaster to his vessel, every effort would have been made to censure the owner and captain, " while the noble British seaman who caused the calamity would receive a large measure of public sympathy." We shall not be surprised if late untoward events will have done much to redress the balance. It is, however, a terrible price to pay for over-much sympathy, and the relatives of those drowned in the Cospatrick will feel no kindly sentiment toward those whose impulsive philanthropy was the means of killing their friends. A j usfc middle is as requisite in sympathy as in most things.

At the last meeting of the Chamber of Commerce a letter from the Secretary of Public Works was read whicli contained the following passage :— "I have to state further that the Government would be glad to see a Corn Exchange established hi connection with the room. '1 he piazza in front would be admirably aelapted for the purpose. The suggestion is submitted to the favourable consideration of the Chamber." Referring to this subject, the Chairman of the Chamber intimated that the Committee purposed to take such steps as should appear to be practicable to carry out the idea. We understand that proposals in this direction will be brought before the Chamber at its meeting to-day, and shall be glad to learn that these lead to such arrangements as will provide the city with an established Corn Exchange. The custom common to the mercantile men of all busy cities of meeting "on 'Change," at a certain hour of the day, is immemorial in its origin, and its advantages are so obvious that it is always introeluced at a very early stage in the development of a commercial centre. In Dunedin the want of a suitable place of meeting has, until lately, stood in the way of the formation of such a habit, although the rapid growth of the town made the want of it very muoh felt. Since the Chamber of Commerce obtained the use of a convenient room, this has become the recognised Exchange for Dunedin. If the propositions which the Committee of the Chamber have to bring forwarel provide, as we understand that they will, for the admission there durin" recognisedhours of all who have business to transact with one another, whether members of the Chamber or not, none will be more benefited by the arrangement than the farmer, whose time in town is necessarily limited, and to whom the certainty of meeting at one hour and place all those whom he wishes to see, must be a very great convenience. There can be little doubt, therefore, that if the Chamber of Commerce becomes, as we hope it will, the recognised place of meeting for business purposes between country residents and the commercial men of the city, if will very soon become in reality tlie Dunedin Corn Exchange. Things do not run out of their old grooves all at once in actual life. It takes time to establish any custom ; the inertia of old habits has to be overcome, and the new practice has to become habitual, before the revolution is completely effected. But in a case like this, where the convenience of the change to all concerned is so evident and will be so promptly felt, only a very shori time can elapse before the new custom becomes established.

The Dunedin Post Office authorities have made a counter move, imp ailed thereto, we presume, by the very numerous complaints lately made of the ncn-delivery oi letters. A very reasonable demand indeed is made, viz., that the public should take some little extra pains in addressing their letters. No one can deny that such a request is reasonable and should be complied with ; at the same time we dc not know that misdirection by any means accounts for all the errors and failures oi delivery. We take it that seven shillings a day ia insufficient to secure that intelligence and sense of responsibility which is so requisite in a letter-carrier. As we pointed out the other day, one of our carriers left the service because his pay was reduced ; the district which he served has been suffering the consequences evei since. At the present time the Post Office is losing a large revenue because of the extreme uncertainty which seems to at tend its movements. Communication!

intended for suburban residents are now ] usually sent by hand, because of the fear ' that they will not be-delivered through t ; .the Post Office within/reasonable time. . ■ In a pecuniary point of view, it would , pay the authorities to'spend a little more. , -, in salaries, so as to retain the services of , letter carriers accustomed to\the di trict. in this way can there be any security that the work will be done with something like efficiency. At the same - time it is only fair to say that the difficulty of delivering letters is very great. Owing to the extreme length of some of ; the streets, such as Cumberland and - Castle streets, a mile and a half may in- ; tervene between the house where the . receiver of a letter is supposed to reside, ; and the house where he does in fact re- ■ side. The postmen haye quite enough to do in the time if they go straight ' to each house, and quite too much if > they have much going back yard and for--3 ward to doi As it is at present a I hopeless task to attempt numbering the streets, since gaps are continually and a rapidly filling up, we may suggest that 1 certain divisions should be formally an- * nounced. Let us have Cumberland * street, for instance, north and south ; and 1 so with other streets of similar'character. .1 The difficulty has been successfully met in p. the Telegraph Department by this simple r remedy, and there is no reason why it ( should not be applied to the Post Office. Tho skill and enterprise with which the Postal Department lias been managed in y Fngland is so great that we aie met with i- a disappointment as unexpected as it is t, unsatisfactory in the very contrary spirit d shown here. We should suppose an effing cient London postman would treat the difliculties that have paralysed some of ! 1 our New Zealand officers very lightly. . The intricacies of our streets and houses s are not comparable to those of Pimlico, fr for instance. They have been sufficient, c- however, to destroy all confidence in the l( J regularity of the Post, and it will take og some little time now to restore it.

Our Auckland correspondent telegraphs ( last evening that the ship Dunedin sailed for ] Dunedin to load. She has been detained _ here a week through claims for missing pack- , ages, all of which were found mixed xvith ( goods landed from the steamer in a single wharf store. The want of a larger wharf storage causes much inconvenience.—This afternoon, the labourers employed by the General Government on the Ohinemuri roads, who have been kept out of wages for many months, at length obtained settlement. The Government at first disputed the amount of the account, and irregularity in issuing the payment orders, but never admitted it. The men, in the meanwhile, were put in great straits to obtain food. There was a protracted sitting of the Bankruptcy Court yesierday, before his Honour Mr Justice Johnston. The principal case before the Court was an application tor a final order of discharge on behalf of John Aikman M'Kay, who formerly carried on business as a butcher at Kensington and Anderson's Bay. The application was opposed by Mr Haggitt, on behalf of the creditors, who also applied for a certificate under the Bankruptcy Act, with a view to bringing a criminal prosecution against the bankrupt. His Honour suspended the bankrupt's discharge for IS months, and took time to consider the other point. There will be a sitting in chambers today, and the banco business will be commenced in the library to-morrow morning, there will also be a sitting in bankruptcy on Monday next. Referring fco Mr James Smith's recent attack upon Mr Macassey, we understand that Mr Wales, M.H.R. (who was a member of the Ward-Chapman Committee), entirely concurs in the statement contained in Mr John L. Gillies's recent letter. As Mr 1 Wales is still a member of the House, he does not, for obvious reason", feel himself at '■ liberty to address any formal communication » to the papers on the subject of the Ward- ■ Chapman Enciuiry. ' We would remind our Masonic friends J that the ball, to celebrate the installation of t Lodge St. Andrew, comes off on Thursday next. The installation takes place at the Masonic Hall at half-past seven, and the ball f opens at nine at St. George's Hall. The business of the Resident Magistrata's Court occupied but little time yesterday. a Judgment went by default in the case of 1 James Muir (Almao and Co.) v. John O'Con- . nor, black hat, £1 ls. The defendant con--1 fessed judgment in the case.oi Kirkpatriek, - Glendining, and Co. v. Dickson, goods supf plied, £2G 18s 6J. The Court adjourned till > this morning. r Last evening the Otago Vinegar and Pick- „ ling Worka Company appointed a Committee ,j to procure a suitable site for their operations, c and made a good deal of necessary ai ranges ments for the carrying on of the business, d The new steam crane recently fitted up at the Dunedin Railway Statiou was sent down ' to Port Chalmers yesterday, to be applied to the purpose of landing the heavy piles and other timber brought by the brig Transport | s for the Rattray street Wharf extension. l- Oar Lawrence correspondent writes:—The i- hearing in the case The Crown v. Gascoigne ;- was finished to-day, and resulted in a verdict n for £140 in favour of defendant. He had been offered by Mr Calcutt, for his land , taken for the railway, a sum of £115 pre- ' vious to any legal proceedings being resorted j; to, but he refused the offer and demanded !( J £350.—The Nelson Company aud Great Exts tended Sluicing Company, at the Blue Spur, i- have at last resolve Ito submit their disputes ie and differences in regard to the latter rais lS ing and altering their tail race (which runs "' over the Nelson Company's claim), to arbiJo tration. All will therefore be settled shortly between them, and thus there will be no oc . casion for further fighting and quarrelling or in the subject. s- The new turbine wheel, Leffel's, supplier ;y by Mr W. Manning,, of Dunedin, and ritted se by Messrs Sparrow and Co., under the direc T tion of their engineer, Mr Wm. Hambleton. at the works of the Arrow United G.M ° Co., Arrowtown, has proved thoroughly -' successful, and fully realised the guarantee |- s given by Messrs Maiming and Sparrow t< the Company, that it should drive their lift: n- of pumps at the rate of twenty strokes pei m minute. The fitting of the machinery was, in as appeared in our telegraphic intelligence, m complete on Monday evening last, when th< as machine was put in motion. The wheel writes our Arrowtown correspondent, worki splendidly, and there is not the least vibra le tion or lifting at the journals. From tin 1( j manner in which the water is introduced rfc the turbine is evenly balanced, and n< m weighting of the vertical shaft is necessary a3 is the case with the ordinary re-actioi wheels in use on the goldfields. Leffel'i ire double action turbines are of Americai v, manufacture ; they are beautiful pieces o: v- mechanism, and are fast superseding in thi °J States every other description of turbini Jcl wheels. They work inside of a cast iron casing. The one supplied to the Arrow ,? United Co. is the same as that iv use at th< " Je Canada Bush Quartz Mines, Tokomairiro l 0 viz., a ten inch wheel, with twelve jets j S In this case the water is suppliec of at fifty seven feet of perpendicular pres gs sure, and the wheel travels at thi li- rate of 1040 revolutions per minute, givin< 13 26.8 horse-power. The quantity of wate: 7e used is 291 cubic feet per minute, according to Leffel's tables ; measured upon th< principles laid down in the New Zealauc er mining regulations, the quantity of wate cc passing through the wheel I made to bi le 135 in. The machine drives two lifts o tt- pumps having each twelve inch working ns barrels, and a, stroke of 4Af t j the water i

lifted about 25ft to^the;point of "discharge. The turbine is working at full '-power, but an soon as tlie belts: work into their places and the bearings of the connecting gear run perfectly smooth, the speed of the pumps may be increased two or three strokes per minute. The iron piping supplying the water is fifteen inches in diameter, in fifteen feet lengths, having a bull-mouthed piece at the point of supply. The Universal Company, adjoining the Arrow United, have just completed a tail-race to tbeir ground, this drains the water 25ft from the surface. This company intend erecting a breast-wheel to be driven by water taken from the Arrow River; a centrifugal pump will be employed in this case. The two companies working together should successfully beat the water. At the recent session of the District Court, Tokomairiro, before His Honour Judge Ward, a late arrival (Denis Anglin) from the Home country, who had been previously convicted here, was found guilty of having, on the ISth April, assualted, with intent to rob ? Henry Thinion, at Hillend, Balclutha. This undesirable imtnigraat was sentenced to two years' imprisonment with hard labour, and last evening he was appropriately escorted into the Dunedin Goal. Mr Reid, of Tokomairiro, had defended the prisoner. The Greymouth Star says : —" A. singular feature in connection with the Reefton fire is the estimated loss as given by the rival local journals. The Herald fixes the aggregate at £4500. Tbe Times makes the total exactly double that amount. "Which is correct V The Buller News states that " the Mount Rochfort coalfields will ere many months have passed be counected by railway with the port, and the one object on which the Westport people build their future prosperity will be accomplished. The whole line will be surveyed, as also the branch lines. At Roche's lease, Waimangaroa, a tunnel of 200 feet has been driven in a 20ft. sedm, at a high level, and now a tunnel is about being commenced 40ft. lower down the hill. The branch line of one mile ten chains has been surveyed by the Government and the line will be construe.cd by them with as little delay as possible. When this is completed the coal can be trucked in the pit's mouth, and brought straight away to the ship's side by the iron horse, so that the cost of carriage will be but trifling. This prospect must be very exhilarating to the fortunate holders of the lease, who will certainly reap a golden harvest in the future." A sad-eyed boy (writes the Hawke's Bay Telegraph), with dirt on his chin and a tear on his nose, called at a small country police station, and asked if he could be sent to a reformatory school, he being a homeless waif. As he had committed no offence, he was told that he had better go to the workhouse, but he replied tbat his brother was at the reformatory, and he'd rather go there. He didn't want to go out and steal anything, or smash some one's plate glass window; and his anxiety to go touched the heart of a gentleman who had called on business. He consulted with the sergeant, and then said to the lad, "We can arrange it. I'm going to leave my bag on the desk, and the sergeant and I will go up stairs. If you take the bag it will be stealing, and you will be sent to the Reformatory." The bag w^s left; the men went up stairs for a short time, and when they came down the boy was nowhere in sight. Neither was the bag, containing five pounds ; and, to be brief, tlie lad and the money are stil missing; A Melbourne Jury the other day, after having deliberated for some time as to the guilt or innocence of the accused, sent a message by one of the officials to the presiding Judge that they would agree to find a verdict of Guilty if His Honour would promise to be merciful in passing sentence. His Honour, says the Telegraph, was very much amused at the information furnished to him, but though no doubt anxious to get away from the Court, he sent back word that he : would be no party to making any bargain of : the kind. The Jury soon afterwards agreed - to a verdict of Guilty. ' The Sydney Morning Herald of the 29th ' May remarks : —"There is some reason to fear, notwithstanding tlie telegram from tht > London Postmaster-General, recently pub- , fished in the Herald, stating that the Sydnej f letter bags by the Schiller had been saved, ■ that three of the Australian bags whicl ■ were on board that vessel have been lost, a; , the number of bags since acknowledged bj - the London office is three short of the ful [ number. All the registered letters appeal to have been saved, as the number acknow . ledged by the London ofiice corresponds ex> » actly with the number forwarded by tht Mikado." A telegram in the Bendigo Advertiser, under date Maryborough, 31st May, states:— t An important decision in reference to tht j payment of calls made by a mining companj } not working, was given in the police courl I to-day by Mr Warburton Carr. The Al! t Nations Company, Havelock, sued George Sweet for a call made on the- Sth Decembei , last. Mr Hoskins, for the defendant, , argued that as the company had ceased operl ations six months before that date, tht ■ books, including the very minutest details, i in which the call was entered ought to havt been at the time the call was made in th( I hands of the clerk of the Couit of Mines, I The company further was under the Mining Act of IS7I, yet no evidence was called tt show that the call was made on the seeonc "Wednesday in the month. Again, the com pany should have sued within fourteen dayi after making the call. The whole policy o' the Act was to let the shares of shareholders unable to pay calls be forfeited and allo\i those who could pay to take up the scrip, v Lastly, the shares were forfeited, and the company could not recover the call in re . spect to those shares which shareholders had ceased to hold. Mr Carr decided ir favour of the plaintiffs, and overruled all the objections. He held that even in respect o; shares absolutely forfeited for non-paymenl . of call.*, the company could sue and re, cover from shareholders whose property thej were. i The following appears in the Grey Rive . Argus :—Here is an instructive specimen of £ Victorian mining company's report and bal ance sheet. lt is no exaggeration, but a . literal transcript of an original now before me—"Directors' report: During the half- . year there has been no work done in this mine." Then comes the balance-sheet. . Receipts : Baknce at bank, L 32 os lid. Expenditure : Manager, Ll4; directors, LIS i 10s ; lease rent, ISs 3d ; auditing, advertising, and petty cash, Ls9s 4d ; total, L 32 _ 17s 9d—thus comfortably appropriating al] the money in hand, and overdrawing the bink account, lis lOd ! And people say that mining doesn't pay. The Sydney Morning Herald remarks, in referring to a late cablegram about Mr Froude, the historian : —Our London telegram in yesterday's issue was misread. It i should have been that Mr Froude returns to South Africa in an official capacity. With reference to the visit of the popular historian to the Cape, the Manchester Examiner says : —"The intending emigrant must be a little disconcerted to learn that in the market at Bloemfontaine, butter fetches 7s a pound> milk Is a pint, cabbages 2s each, and cauliflowers as much as J7s a head ! To account for this abnormal condition of things, Mr Froude points to the overwhelming prepondersnee of the native races. Natal has less than 20,000 white inhabitants, who are surrounded by 300,000 warlike Kaffirs, with a million, more in the adjoining Provinces. The historian strongly condemns the course

taken by the colonists' in the Langalibalele, affair, but he cannot s'hiif his eyes to the social and industrial effects of this enormcua inequality in the proportion of the two races. He describes the blacks as lazy fellows, who, as soon as they can buy two or three wives, squat down and live upon the latour of these women, who are virtually slaves. Mr Froude is not sanguine of any permanent improvement until we put dowu polygamy, and he cannot see that the natives would have any ground for grumbling in being compelled to render obedience to the same laws as the whites. This is opening a very wide question indeed, and one which, if we are not mistaken, the Colonial Secretary will not care to touch unless impelled by overmastering necessity." Practical joking, says the Pleasant Creek News, has become acclimatised in the Mallee or on its confines. Some little time since, a tjwnship, which has sprung up in consequence of recent settlement, resolved on the erection of a building which would unite the characteristics of a school, a place of worship, and a place of entertainment. In due course, the time came when the hall was to be opened by some kind of amateur per. formance. The room soon fi led, and a vocalist came to the footlights with a sheet of music. Scarcely had he accomplished the first line of his ballad when he was attacked by a fit of sneezing. He gave place to a reader, who was similarly attacked in less than half a minute. A "glee party" tried their voices, but. first one, then another sneezed, until all were literally sneezing in concert, and coughing according to no recognised'gamut. As if by sympathy, form after form of the audience took up the chorus' until the wave of sneezing had swept over I the hall. It was no use trying to proceed, and the presiding genius had to explain that, " owing to circumstances over which he had no control, the performance could not be continued." The hall is said to remain unswept to this day, and the committee is willing to present its entire yield of gnu ad ginger and cayenne pepper to anyone accomplishing the task. The Nelson Colonist states that the con Eregation of St. Mary's bave commissioned Herr Lindauer to execute a full-length lifesize oil painting of the Rev. Father Garin, in commemoration of his silver wedding to the Parish. It is just 25 years this month since the reverend priest was first appointed to Nelson, and there is no one more beloved and respected in the town of Nelson by all classes and creeds. A man in Blenheim was recently summoned for arrears of school fees. In Court he commenced to abuse the School Committee, saying that rank spite was at the bottom of the case, because he would not send his children to the Borough schools. He further stated that he would sooner rot in gaol than pay, upon which the Bench ordered the constable to take hini into custody for contempt of Court. He subsequently apologised and was liberated. "An Evening with Samuel Lover " was the subject of an instructive and amusing lecture in aid of the Widows' and Orphans' Fund of the Loyal Leith Lodge, 1.0.0. F., by Mr Thomas Bracken, in the Temperance Hall, last evening. Mr Stout, M.P.C, presided ; and, when introducing the lecturer, he suggested the desirability of regularly celebrating the anniversaries of our great poets by intellectual entertainmentsAbout ISO persons were present. Mr Bracken, who was cordially received, mentioned that the prolific tree of British literature had so many rich blossom's that one was puzzled to discover which is its loveliest flower. There were many brighter blossoms on the Irish branch of Britain's literary tree, but few sweater than that he had selected. To the single ladies present he offered no apology for his subject, as he was sure they' were always ready to welcome a " lover.' Samuel Lover, poet, novelist, painter, and musician, was born in Dublin in 1787. The lecturer's appropriate selections from Lover's works were charmingly given, and we have seldom witnessed an audience bestow so much genuine attention and hearty applause as that of last night at a similar entertainment. " The Angel's Whisper," " Handy Andy and the Soda Wather," and " The Country Chapel," deserve special mention as having been well rendered, and alone worth the admission fee. Mr Bracken concluded by reading his poesy, "In Memoriam," as published in the New Zealand Sun about live years ago, on receipt of the intelligence of Lover's departure to the '' everlasting home of song." The usual compliments to the lecturer and the chairman terminated the proceedings. Bachelder's Panorama of "Paradise Lost" was exhioited in the Queen's Theatre last evening, and was well attended. At the close of the entertainment, a number of gifts were distributed amongst the audience. The quarterly meeting of the Chamber of Commerce will be held this afternoon at 3 '* o'clock, in their room. VinnA vt-™~*-