The Oamaru Mail. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBERS, 1913.

Oamaru Mail, Volume XVIII, Issue 12055, 8 October 1913, Page 4

The Oamaru Mail. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBERS, 1913.

The Secretarv of the Hospital and Charitablo Aid Board will be pleased to receive gifts of old linen suitable tor dressings, these being -required to ameliorate the sufferings of a patient in the country.

At the Roval Show in Melbourne the judges, Messrs P. Martin (Oamaru) am! C. Pilgrim (Australia), were at loggerheads "on the question of type, and in the Open Stallion Class, in which there were 38 entries, five were selected, from which Mr W. Macaulay (Oamaru) picked out Captain Dale for the honors, a Pride of Newton horse being second.

••This," the Australasian says, was not a popular choice. Tlie well-known Onward was placed third, and the opinion was expressed that this shapely, stylish, swoet-stenping animal should have secured a better position. Mr Macaulay, on heing asked the. grounds:'of his award, said he placed Captain-Dale first been use he is of the more, modern type of Clvdesdale. Mr J; It. Mackenzie's Kilmarnock, by Winterseugh, was first in the three-year-olds, and other New Zealand-bred "stock figured well. On the second day, in judging th e horses, lour-year-olds and over, a contretemps again arose, and the names of W. Macaulay and H. J. Bodie (judges in the female classes') were put into a; hat and Mr Macaulay was thus chosen as arbiter. Again his decision went in favor of Captain Dale. In the championship class Solomon was chosen, and Captain Dale's groom, as a manifestation of disappointment, withdrew his horse from the ring, and! thus forfeited his ■'right to the reserve championship, to which, in the judges' opinion, he was entitled. The owner of Captain Dale brought the horse back again and apologised, but it was held that he was too Fate, and the reserve was awarded -o Patrician. They are evidently a difficult lot to deal with in Melbourne.

A runholder at G-lenorchy, at the head of Lake Wakatipu, states that during the past twelve months the number of rabbits taken on his station exceeded 1011,000.

From a,reliable source the New Zealand Times- learns that the appeals against the new Civil Service list total over 1200.

Many people now -residing in New Zealand will leam with surprise that years ago sentence was passed -on three natives at the. Wellington Supreme Court on charges of high treason. Tin's occurred, just 44 years ago. Tho prisoners, who pleaded separately, said that the crime." was Te Kooti's, not theirs. AlPtlie prisoners were oonviett'd. lifter a. trial lasting two days.. The Judge passed sentence of death in the usual form — viz., that they were to be hr,!::igodj drawn, and quartered', but g:sv<> them the comforting assurance that they were only to be hanged. The presiding Judge was the late Mr Justice Johnson. - The .sentences! were subsequently commuted to life imprisonment, and a couple of months later these, convicted men, along with a lwimb?r of other Maori rebels, wcfc interned in the i)unedin Gaol. Attention is called to the opening of the new Methodist Church at Enfield, which is to take place to-morrow afternoon. The Rev. W. J. Williams.will preach the opening sermon at half-past three when special offerings' will be solicited in aid of the new church. In the evening an excellent concert will he given in the Public Hall by Oamaru Wesley Choir, interspersed with suitable addresses. Given a fine day no doubt a- great many people will be drawn from all parts of the district to this interesting function.

To sav that the land is flowing with milk is only half stating the case (says the Stratford correspondent of the Tarartaki Herald). A 'cloud-hurst is more truly, expressive-of .the situation. Cheese-.!actor-v m.-vnagers ar.-?' wondering where the roiik is to find vat-room.-next month. The remarkably" favorable, spring is, of course, the main factor in the abounding productiveness of tile herds, but there' is/reason to believe «h«t at last results are coming from the preaching of the gospel of better cows and better feeding. Testing associations, breeders' associations, the objectlessons of the shows and of paddocks enriched by. basic slag are having effect. If farm swapping were out of fashion Taranaki would be another Denmark. Wltat appeal's to have been «, miserable attempt to damage motor car, motor cycle, and ..bicycle -tyres. was niad.e on tho Timaru road, dose to Wa.im.ai.-?, <«t the. morning. ..before the Kll row i-af-rs, and the nuisance to a certain extent still exists. The road for a considerable distance had been strewn with sharp three-cornered bar.bs, and all classes of tyres, and even horses' feet,.'have.suffered; considerably in consequence. The. joker may halve a fine sense of humor, but the writer knows of a few" cyclists and motorists who will be pleased to meet him and perhaps pensuade him.:to view the matter front their standpoint.

The following will represent the Athletic Football Club, otu Thursday, >i.t 1.30 n.rii.:—Cross, M'Kenzie, F. Battj'ev, O'Donnell, .Gubbins, Doran, Fitzgerald, -Tnrvey, Hammill, Hnrndell, Robertson, Wilson, Donovan, Mitchell, Fennessy. JSmeVgencies: Healey.Sang. Sparks." x v ' The ' ratepayers' poll on Wednesday, at Feilding" on a proposal to borrow £IO,OOO for electric light and . power was carried by a- six to one majority. It is not. generally known'til at any person upon whom nil lit ary training inflicts a bona-fide hardship caii: secure exemption upon application to the magistrate.-.""."."Whilstthe military anthofities. have no power to grant any such exemption, they will not. oppose any.application that has a reasonable foundation.

"A Chinaman can go into a hanic and borrow--pioiiey oh .his word, where you or I could not on our bond," remarked a- prominent- citizen of J3onoiitln "to 'a "Wellington/ Post -reporter.: Me was illustraiting-the reputation that .Gluwose. have Ahioughoitt Ba,warii:-' for their scrupulous honesty and (business" integrity. They . Jarg&V formed the

merchant class Midi were very respected citizens, is an instance of their high sense "of honor/ the Post's informant cited, the case of a wel'l-lmown Chinese :reside,fft>-w'hb lvajs ; noTV/^o^>f-'tfll^e"l^l ; :.&i^'o-fAan.a^ pean organisation. : Twenty years'a.go he .-failed for 200,000 dollars. Instead of seeking the protection of the Bankruptcy Act- or •■assigning li'is .estate,, he threw , all .his .energies into paying.' his creditors in full.' Last year lie-paid oft . the last thousand dollars.. .■?■'! saw him :at.t)lie time," remarked the .visitor, ' "and" I-have' never ■■■■: seeai.i'a man so bappv. 'I ileave my boys,' he told me, 'a heritage of honor.''' If the man had not succeeded in discharging all his liabilities, his sons. would have taken up:the burden at their father s death. Hadi they in turn been-unable to liquidate, the debt;, the Chinese Guild would! -have, settled it. Such "vvas . the commercial ■ morality-;; of. the Chinese. He: 'added 'that the-. morals ;qf the Chinese in Hawaii -were al'so on a par with those of the white population, • and'- tlieirChildren were brought up on .the strictest'Enes. Of the two Orien-. ■■•tal races' the Chinese were far more .;pppu lar tlian the Japanese. •.-'■ "Immigrants to Australasia must in future consist to a large extent.of AngloSaxons'from America. . They are being J pushed out of America by the Latin races/' So. declared Mr Alexander Hume Ford, •of Honolulu, editor of the _■ "JVhd-; Pacific -Magazine," 'in an interview at Auckland. ° -In pi-oof of his assertion, the visitor mentioned' that 71 per xent. of Boston's population is non-Anglo-Saxon, as also is 86 per cent, of the population of Fall River, .a cotton-spinning town. ."The-Anglo-Saxons.of New England," he declared, "cannot hold their own against the Latin races. They "are'being pushed • further and further west, and in the end ihev must come to Australia and New Zealand.' Whan they have been hero -ten vsars they will be absolutely loyal Anstr.ilians and New Zealanders." Mr Ford is enthusiastic, about Hawaii, which he calls the most perfect work of the Creator. He is a keen worker.in what is known as the "Hands-aroiind : the-Pacinc" movement. He advocates a combination amongst Pacific Governments to erect commercial palaces in London and New York, and, perhaps, elsewhere. Mr Ford be■lieve's in the "White Australia" policy. He says Japan does not want white men except as tourists. In- support of the proposal to restore the postal vote in Australia, it is being urged •that 77.000 people would benefit by the .change.' It is estimated that there are •intlie Commonwealth 22.000 women whom malei-nitv deters from voting in a polling booth' on anv" day of tlie year that an election mav'be. held; and that there are usually 30,0*00 sick adults and 25,000 other infirm' or incapacitated persons. Thus the former easily accepted estimate of 40,000 •postal voters turns out to have been considerably below the mark. The argument against 'it. that it is susceptible of. manipulation, is-' (savs the- Sydney "Daily Telegraph") applicable with more or less force ";o any scheme, and particularly to any departure devised for the special convenience of a certain class. The absent vote, which the Labour party so strenuously defends, is more than ordinarily open to this objection. What has to be considered is whether the risks of such,.a- proposal outweigh its advantages. It can scarcely be said' that they do unless it is assumed that the people" are capable of abusing their rights either voluntarily ur under the influence of unscrupulous voto manipulators. Otherwise the vote can be cast as honestly through the post as in a room where "there, are returning officers and scrutineers. ".

■An-' electric lam.p for the dark room can be placed very conveniently beneath a transparent glass dish for use in developing plates. Photographers know the. inconvenience of having constantly to remove the plate and hold it up to the light to see whether it is finished. This can be avoided by cutting out a square (Opening in thei bench, covering it with, a glass plate, then putting one- of the usual pressed glass trays upon this as a support. Under the table in an electric lamp arranged to give a red light. A somewhat strong light can be used, flashing it on momentarily by- a foot or knee push, or-'any. suitable switch. The usual dark-room lantern can also be retained, putting on one or the other light when need be.

That the Isthmus of Panama con-'-tmiias to present sanitary and health conditions comparable to those of the average city is shown by the report of tho Department-of Sanitation for the month "of May. during which the annual average death rate among employees per 1000 reached the.low figure of 7.63, of which 5.42 were due directly to disease. The annual death ri'-ie per 1000 in the jcities of Panama, audi Colon and the canal zone, including btj-th employees and civil population, for the month of May was 1.9.60. Comparison of these figures ghould Ito m;;de with those for the year 1907. when the. total death rate was 50.15 among employees'and the annual death rate for "both employees and civil population in the cities of Panama, Colon a.nd the canial /.one was 31.67. In the ißreceding vea.r. 1906, it was as 'high as 43.32. Mr William Suker, Governor of New York State, who has been impeached, began life as an office-boy, educated himself, and became a lawyer:" He soon had an excellent practice, went in for politics, and has been a- leadbig figure in the United Slates Congress. He pesed as a democrat of the democrats, and let it' be known that he preferred to be called "Plain Bill" Sulzer. -Most of his constituents in New York's East End called him "Billy." ■ His success in politics was due entirely to his association with Tammany Hall, but when he became Governor he struck out an independent line, refused to allow the Tammany "boss" to dictate his nominations,- and began a campaign for "purity in-politics." The impeachment is' Tammany's answer. The industrious staff of officials who have been, working hard for over two years on the ..results of the 1911 census in Great- Britain, have ; come to the end of thear labours, the-fruits-of which are comprised in eight'portly, blue-books,-the last of'which has just been issued. Our of the most striking facts which this Volume VIII.. makes .very evident- is the increase in the'proportion of small over large families. .. There are nearly eight 'million families altogether in England and Wales, totalling in all 34,605,173 individuals. Of these families 19 per cent, consist of three persons, 18 per cent, of four persons, 16 per cent, of two persons, 14 per cent, of five persons, and 10 per cent, of six persons, while no less than 78 per .cent, consists of from two to six persons. Persons living alone number 423,■lB2, and of these 61.9 per cent, are females. In. the County of London the single-person family accounts for 9:3 per cent, of the; population, and the women living alone, outnumber lonely, men in The proportion 1 of 58,594 to-37,130. Out-of every 100,000; ■families, 3207 live in one-roomed tane-; ments, and in 311 cases' thei'e"are four-.orj more people living in-one room, while lit cases per 100,000 there are six: persons, in eight cases seven'persons, in two cases eight persons, and in one ease per 100,000 nine persons living hi. one, room. In nine recorded cases the, "family" consisted entirely of children under 10 years, the explanation being' that in six. cases one child was left alone in: the tenement on census night, in two' cases two children, and in• one. Case' four, children. One census schedule bore the. pathetic note,: "Father and mother iiv prison." The commonest size of tene-. nient consists of four rooms; 76 per cent.of the population-live in tenements of from three to rix roQins, In eaqh tenement of: less than five- rooms there are,.Qii the average, a smaller number of persons than in 1891 or 1901,- indicative, says .the report. ;of a general rise in the standard of comfort.

A remarkable case of animal lethargy ■or latent life is found- by M. Issol amoiig the small crustaceans (Harpacticus fulous) of sea ponds. The water, of these pools, which lie near the shore, of salt, being diluted after rain and undergoes great variations in amount, fiohccntrated! in dry periods so much as to-deposit salt on the bottom. During high tides, when the pools are filled with a. fresh supply of sea. water, the crustaceans are vktv -active, and' cover long distances -by swimming;'"but when the s.iilt solution 'becomes concentrated, their movements are gradually slower, 'and: finally they remain on the bottom apparently dead. But this is in fact, only irV -'(appearance, for when he transported -the inert-animals, to a- less concentrated water, as. ordinary sea- water, '■ they revived' in a.few- minutes and began to swim -a-ctiive-ly.. " sf. Lssel.calls his umisual: phenomenon osmotic lethargy, to:disting(ifeh ft, from the '-lethargy pro- - duced- by-'desiccation -'or- cold: As" -to ; !»ir long suich latent life would be maintained, he pQllkcted inert s#eci--

mens and placed several of them in sea •water ©ac'li day to revive tlietn, and ■ found that after 17 days this was still possible. Sir W. Hall-Jones was sworn in today as-a member of the Upper House. At the Magistrate's Court this morning judgment for defendant, ivith>costs. was given by Mr T. Hutchison, S.M., -n the' case of Margaret Calderwood (Mr Lucas) v. Mrs Elizabeth Smith:(Mis?.' AY. Onglev), a claim for. rent, £8 12s. - Plaintiff claimed.to have let. the premises to' defendant, who had ■ not .paid the lent. Mr Hadden Dennison.gave evidence that the-house had been let to defendant. Defendant denied that the money: was owing, and counsel produced accounts for the period in the name of David Smith, Avon . street:— The.child. of Nellie Moore, .on an application by the 'police, was sent to an industrial-school.' According to the latest information the .expenditure up to date on works and other details associated with the Ausiralian Federal capital . amounts approximately to .£713,201, inclusive of the naval and'military colleges. The revenue from properties within the territory (including £1943 from races) is estimated to be £SOOO per annum. Mr T. C. G. Weston, who was appointed officer iii charge of afforestation, has taken up his. postiion. The immediate work in hand deals with tho raising of trees and shrubs, prnci- ■ pally, -eucalypts, pines, and ; wattles, for breakwind 'and shelter purposes. Seeds of all varieties of trees, shrubs, etc., that it'is thought will succeed in-the Federal territory "are gradually being obtained from various sources, throughout the, world. It is hoped by this means to eventually procure a collection that will surpass anything of the kind in Australia. A site on the Yarralumla Estate (recently acquired) has been chosen for the permanent nursery and experimental grounds. It is anticipated that the work of erecting the various buildings and nursery appliances generally will be undertaken at an early date.

A declaration,by the Kaiser of his determination to protect German trade, made, at Lubeck last month, has been widely published in the English press. The Kaiser said the German merchant could rightly take credit to himself, and he desired to express his thanks lor the spirit of brotherhood and courage with -which the towns of the North German coast had worked to secure for German industry a place iii the world which other nations might well envy. This year the whole nation was celebrating the centenary of its deliverance from the Corsican. This was also the year of his own jubilee, and the coincidence had been decreed by Heaven. His .Majesty concluded : —"We enjoy a time of peace and we see what thanks we owe to this peace when we observe how, in the south-east of our continent, there lias been the thunder of iierce struggles which, by God's decree, have left us untouched. " I stand before you here, gentlemen, in the uniform of a sailor—the dress of the child, of my making, and that which can help to give now, and in the- future, the necessary strength and the necessary protection to the German merchant, that he may keep the place in the sun which belongs to him. I "protect the merchant. His enemy is my enemy. God grant that German trade may develop ■as hitherto under His protection in time of peace.

Despite the rebuffs to which the com-pressed-air transmission has been subjected two Frenchmen, convinced of its value, have brought out a car in which air Js made-the medium through which the power,, of: the engine is transmitted to the driving wheels. According to. the system the engine has four cylinders, set in a. V, two of which act as pumps to eompre.-s-s.the air in a tank hung to the chassis. From the tank the air is admitted, to two other working- cylinders direct connected to the rear axle of the oar. In operation the system works on the same general principle as do hydraulic- transmissions, with the important difference, of course, that the air is a great deal more elastic than is the oil in other systems; hence great claims are mwdo for the air .system. At present it is being tested out, and though its efficiency has not been demonstrated to be very high, it is expected that its simplicity and flexibility will) overcome the disadvantage of its inefficiency. Enough air is stored to make the vehicle self-starting. During July the decline in building in Canada was more accentuated than during any month this year. The aggregate permits show for the month a decrease of 26 per cent., while for the seven months the figures show a decrease of 8 per cent, from the totals for the corresponding period last year. The record by provinces shows that only the Maritime and Ontario cities showed an aggregate increase during July. An 87 per cent, advance made by the two,chief cities of the Maritimes and a 38 per cent, increase by nineteen cities of Ontario bespeaks a substantial development in these provinces, while the:

remainder exhibit a- marked tendency to eas'e up. In British Columbia cities the decrease for the month was 77 per cent.; .that for Saskatchewan cities. 63 per cent.;' Manitoba, 51 per cent., and Alberta, 23 per cent. Cities in Ontario. Quebec, andthe Maritimes show increases on-total for jthe seven .months of 18, 26, and 157 per' cent, respectively. The Prairie Provinces

and British Columbia- all show quite largo decreases. With . only three exceptions the Western cities are very much behind their., respective records in 1912. An increasing movement of population lis.taking place in the vast areas to tlie :nov.th and north-west of Edmonton. De,spite the lack of railway facilities, there ■lias been for years a steady stream, of •adventurous settlers northward bound, 'and when the railway projects, now under way are completed the-.rush into what, a few years ago was regarded as the barren ■wastes of the north will be as great as it is now into Central Saskatchewan. . "It is not improbable" (says the Toronto' "Globe") "that in the "fertile, valleys of the Peace River and its tributaries the kittle-raising industry of North America will yet be centred," Texas and Mexico will always have their share of cattle raising on the range, but the extreme heat and the. comparative absence of water will be perpetual drawbacks. In the River tlie rainfall is much greater, an<? [lie melting of'the snow in the" mountain. l ! provides an ample supply of water for lake and river during the hot months of summer. -The loug hours of sunshine and daylight bring crops to maturity in less than 100 days, from the'time the seed is sown. Roots and grasses grow to the same extraordinary dimensions as in. Northern Ontario, and the winters are said to. be milder than in more southerly latitudes where the altitude is greater." The development of the district will be specially' encouraged by the opening of the Edmonton and Du'nvegnn railway;

M. J. Hannon, surgeon dentist, will visit Kurow on Thursday, oth itvsf., and may be consulted at Spiers' Hotel. 18 SMALL INVENTIONS PAY BIG DIVIDENDS.

If you have a good idea for an invention, use it while it's "hot." "Advice to Inventors" tells, you how to make the best use of it —sent free oh application to Henry Hughes, Ltd., Wellington ;. or H. F. Gibson, Itchen street, Os'-suru, Local' Agent. 46