DEATH OF PRESIDENT M'KINLEY

Oamaru Mail, Volume XXVI, Issue 8228, 16 September 1901, Page 1

DEATH OF PRESIDENT M'KINLEY

TBt Electbio Telegbaph. Copyright.] Peb Press association. Received September 14, at 3.43 p.m. Washington-, September 13. President M'Kinley is barely -holding lis awn. He is unable to retain injected nourishment. The mucous membrane is much -irritated. The danger is a, sudden collapse. Johann. Most -was- arrested' -in New York. A foreigner las left Berlin for New Hampshire avowing -his intention to* kill Roosevelt. " - ' Received September 1-5, at, 9.30, a.m. - Buffalo, September 14. President M'Kinley is dead'. Received September 15, at 9.35 a.m. Buffalo, September 14. President M'Kinley died shortly before •two ithjs morning. Washington, September 14. •Crowds in 'tie various centres awaited tidings of the sufferer: There was orderly behaviour, but -they labored under subdued excitement and sudden change® from -lope to despair.

President M'Kkky's death came as an awful slock to the naition. .Wall street, was demoralised'. Stocks, fluctuating, closed, with -a considerable fall.

King Edward early ...expressed, his deep grief. . Tie -authorities fearing that* lyncherswould attack Czolgosz in gaol, the pod-ice guard, was augmented, .while; .twoi -regiments are in. readiness.

Received September 15, at 6.10 p.m. Washington, September 14. Dr Rexey, at a quarter past- two, an'li'ounced' that the (President was dead. Tie tidings were immedialtsely sent to the noom where the Cabinet and Senators were. Ail cried like children. < Large crowds all might kept vigil outside the newspaper offices. In New York many wept when -the President's death was announced; others cried, for vengeance on the - There' were similar scenes at Buffalo, where crowds waited an a dense fog. Upon the rumor of the 'President's death at midnight, an excited rush was made for 'Czolgosz's cell, but the police repelled it. A State funeral takes place alt Washington. Mr Roosevelt, thought President M'Kinley would recover, and' went to the Adirondacks.

London, September 14. The King telegraphed to Mr Choate that he most truly sympathised with the American nation in their loss of a distinguished and ever-to-be-regretted President. Received September 15, at 5.17 p.m. London, September. 14. The Methodist Conference, -during the morning, prayed for the sufferer, and adjourned its sittings. .. Washington,- September 14. Edelbert Stone, arrested for predicting •the shooting of the President, his been; -released. Most was arrested for publishing an inflammatory article in the Freise of the 7-th.

President M'Kinley's wife was asleep when unmistakeable signs- of dissolution were apparent. 'She was not awakened'. When informed that her husband was gone, she showed the utmost fortitude, quietly •saying "God help me." London, September 13. The news was received in London with ■the deepest sorrow. .The flags were halfmasted on the offices of the Australian Agents-General and public buildings. The Lord - profound sympathy to Mr Choate.

Received 'September 15, at 5.23 p.m. •Sydney, September 15. The flags 'were half-masted generally, out of respect to President M'Kinley. Received September 15, at 5.34 p.m. Washington, September 14.

The nurses during the forenoon were adjusting -the pillows and. arranging' for. the exclusion of light at the window, when President M'Kinley murmured, "No, I I want to see the trees; they are so beautiful." Saline injections and very light digitalis was the only treatment. The physicians. reserved the nee of oxygen, anticipating 'the chief crisis in the evening. The heart.began: to fail at five o'clock, the patient responding feebly to the effects of the -oxygen, and became unresponsive at 6.30, and 1 ten minutes later was unconscious. An lour passed l , and he then revived' under the effect of stimulation, and inquired for his wife. During a short lucid interval he comforted' her. There was a •renewed crisis, towards nine, and -the President was kept alive by oxygen with the greatest (difficulty. At 9.25 he became unconscious and pulseless, and the extremities of the body grew cold. The injection of nourishment had been resorted to because of the small ulcers in the stomach,,: while inflammation of the rectum -appeared on Wednesday night, increasing on Thursday to such an extent that nourishment was rejected 'as fast as injected'. The ■only recourse was to give nourishment in •the normal way, trusting to the patient's apparently rapid improvement to< retain_it>. The .physicians, seeing that tire aggravation of the case was due to constipation, and fearing intestinal poisoning unless relief was afforded, administered' calomel and! oil. President M'Kinley at midnight passed undigested matter. The plysician-s at two o'clock on Friday morning detected a serious weakening of the heart's action, which restoratives failed to rally. Digitalis and strychnine were administered', and a saline solution was finally injected into the veins. At 11 on Friday evening the President was Hearing lis- end, scarcely breathing; at 12.30 he was just alive. Then came the last scene of all. Shortly before two the sufferer passed away. All the family were ait t-he bedside except his wife, who was in the adjoining room. The President was practically unconscious from eight _ till death. Prior to lapsing into unconsciousness he begged the doctors to let him die. He took an affectionate farewell of his wife, his last words to her being, "God's will, not .ours, be done." Then he was heard to murmur, "Nearer my God to Thee." His wife displayed superb fortitude. ■ President M'Kin'ley's last words to those about him were, "Goodbye, all; goodbye, it is God's way ; His will be done." Received September 16, at 0.18 a.m.. London, September 15. The London Stock Exchange suspended i in honor of President M'Kinley. Washington, September 16. The grief in- America is universal. ExPresident Grover Cleveland was greatly sleeked and deplored that free institutions and the faithful discharge of duty should be encompassed by the danger of assassination. Mr W. J. Bryan, amidst tears, mentioned his personal esJt-eem for -Mr M'Kinley. 'Wall Street and all other American exi changes will be closed -on Thursday. _ Mr M'Kinley's passing was painless and peaceful like sleep. The antopsy showed that death was directly due lo gangrene from- the bullet wound. The bullet was not discovered 1 . The body was embalmed, and the rema'ins will be conveyed to Washingt'Otfi. to-morrow, and will lie in state until the funeral at Canton, Ohio, on Thursday. Mr Roosevelt succeeds to the dencv automatically. Upon reaching falo he proceeded under escort to condole with Mrs M'Kinley, and was afterwards sworn in, announcing his intention to continue absolutely unbroken President M Kinley's policy for the -peace, ..prosperity, and 'honor -of lis beloved country.

Received September 16, at 0.53 Sydney, September 15. , The Federal State Premier cabled con-

! dol-en.ee to Mrs M'Kinley. References were, made in most of tie churches. : : 7~ BY TELEGBAFH. Wellington, September 15. On receipt of the mews of President M'Kinley's death this morning the fla.gs at Government House, public and private buildings, and on the vessels in port were lowered! to half mast. References were made in most of the churches to the loss suffered by the United States, and the bereavement of the President's family. Lord Ranfurly has received the following ■telegram from tie Secretary o.f State for Lie Colonies l , dated 13tl inst. : "The following telegram has been received from the United States Ambassador: 'My Government desire .to convey to Lords Hopetoun and Ranfurly tie most sincere gratitude and thanks ■of the people of the United! State® for their messages of heartfelt sympathy. Will you please assure them -these messages, coming, as they do from the remotest quarters of the wide British Empire, and all inspired ..by the same earnest -and 'brotherly interest, lave touched the learts of the President's countrymen, and are appreciated'. They are in the -highest degree cheering to .the President and Mrs M'Kinley.' " Immediately upon the receipt of the news of the death of Mr M'Kinley this morning the Government.. asked' Lord Ranfurly to forward! a message through Mr 'Chamberlain conveying to Mts M'Kinley the heartfelt sympathy of the people of New Zealand upon the death of ler dear- and igood husband, and their sympa'thy with. the. people of the United States upon, the great loss sustained .by the demise of their noble, true, 'and faithful son, and stating that 'the people of New Zealand share their grief, and will ever . bear in grateful memory their illustrious and distinguished President M'Kinley. -

William M'Kinley, President of the United States, was 'bom dn Niles, Tumbull Co., Ohio, on- January 29, 1844. The M'Kinleys originated in the western part of Scotland, and early became conspicuous for their valor and devotion to principle. They were identified with the Covenanter party in religious and civil affairs, and shared to the. full its sturdy holding of the faith and its indomitable resistance to- the persecution and tyranny of the Stuart Kings. In the time of Charles 11. the family emigrated to the North of Ireland and joined their clansmen who, in Cromwell's day, had colonised the Province of Ulster. There they were again subjected to many ills in the Jacobite War, through which they bore themselves with maniy loyalty to the Covenant- and to the King. Thence, about the middle of last century, they went to America, worthy members of that army of Scotch-Irish colonists, famous alike for-brain and brawn, which contributed so 'largely to tie settlement and civilisation of tie Continent, to the achievement of independence, and to the upbuilding of the nation. There were two brothers M'Kinley, James and William, among thosecolonists. They reached America some 25 years before the Battle of Bunker Hill. James settled in what is now tie ancient town of York, in southern Pennsylvania, married, and sent his son David to light under Washington's flag in the War of the Revolution. When peace was restored and independence gained, David M'Kinley returned to the Pennsylvania homestead and there lived until after the war of 1812. Then, joining the great tide that began to move westward, he Temoved to the country beyond the Ohio River, and settled in the region now known as Columbiana County, Onio-i-a region dotted thickly with good old Covenanter names. There he founded tie "Buckeye Branch" of the M'Kinley clan. While the M'Kinlevs were thus making their way from Scotland to Ireland, and thence to Pennsylvania and Ohio, a family named Rose, also .persecuted for conscience's sake, was seeking liberty in another direction: Andrew Rose was a leader among the English Puritans, and was among those who migrated to Holland for refuge from tyranny ; thence, attracted by the enterprise of Penn, he went to America, and settled alt iDaylestawn, Penn. There he prospered, "became a- leader in politics and a member of the Legislative Council of the colony. His son, Andrew Rose, jun., was not only a- gallant soldier in tie Revolutionary Army, but also an iron manufacturer whose work supplied the patriots with many cannon and other implements of war. Now, in time.it came to pass that David M'Kinlev and Mary, the daughter of Andrevr"Rose, jun., became acquaintances and friends, then lovers, and then husband and wife. Thus were united the two sturdy stocks of Scotch-Irish and English Puritans, arid fully blended in the first offspring of this marriage, a- boy, to- whom was given the name of William. The first- William M'Kinley remained in Eastern Ohio, and was one of the pioneers of the iron business in that region, with foundries at Fairfield, New-Wilmington, and elsewhere. His wife was Nancy Allison, a descendant like himself, of Scotch Covenanter stock. To them wer6 born eight- children, to one of whom, a bov, 'horn lat Niles, in Turobull County, Ohio —tie second county north of Columbiana —on January 29, 1844, was given his father's name of William. The house in which the future President was born is still standing on one of the . streets of Niles. It is a frame structure, two storeys iigh, and what was once the parlor is now a grocery -store. At the front .s a vine-covered porch on. which M'Kinley the child used to play, and from which M'Kinley the statesman has made manv an address to the admiring citizens of his native town.

The boy was sent for a few years to the village sohool at Niles.. Then the family removed to Poland, Mahoning, the county between'Turnbti'll and Columbiana, in order that- he and the other children might enjoy the advantages -of a high school or academy in that town. In both institutions he showed himself , a solid and thorough.rather than a- showy student. He already ■had a leaning towards argument and oratory, and was a prominent figure in all schoolboy debates. Ait. Poland there was a literary society and debating club, and. of it he was for some time president. Mr Academy, enlMed in .the 23rd Ohio (Ohio) Academy, enlisted in the 23rd Olio Volunteers in May, 1861, -and rose to be captain and brevet-ma.jor. At the close of the war he began the studv of the law. wias admitted to .the Bar in 1867, and settled at Canton, Ohio, where, he has since resided. From 1869 till 1871 he was prosecuting attorney of Stark County, and after October, 1877, he was a member of Congress. He was delegate at large to the National 'Convention of .1884. and supported Mr Blaine for the 'Presidency. In June, 1888, Ibeing aisarnn a delegalte-nlt-large t'o 'the Republican National Convention -alt Chicago, 111., he Was made Chairman of the Platform Committee, and is credited, with having made the. draft of the resolutions that were adopted. His name was introduced, for the President at nomination, but in a characteristic speech he forbade the use 'of his name for the reason that he .was pledged to support Senator Sherman. In 1892 he was Chairman of the Ohio delegation to the National Convention which met at Minneapolis, and wais made permanent Chairman of the Convention, which nominated. Ijfenjamrm Harrison, with Whitela.w Reid for VicePresident. In Congress he was an earnest tvdvocajte. of a protective tariff, and the ■author of the famous tariff Bill which bears lis name. When General Garfield was nominated for the Presidency, Mr M'Kinley was assigned to the Committee of Ways and Means in his .place, and he continued to ser.ve on the Committee until the end of his congressional career, being Chairman of that important body during tho 51st Congress. On June -8. 1895, he was nominated for Governor of Ohio.

To tell the story of M'Kinley's seven terms would be to tell the historv of Congress and tlie nation for fourteen years. From, the beginning he was an. earnest, active, and conspicuous member of the House. He was an, American, and ho reckoned nothing that concerned Americans

to- be unworthy of his attention. He recognised, however, that in view of the vast development, 'extension, arid multiplication of human interests there was little hope fur success as a universal genius. A Man must be a specialist if lie 'would attain the greatest, eminence and .the greatest usefulness. Already, indeed, he had devoted his attention especially to the subject of the tariff and its bearings ujJon American industry. The story i s told that soon after he opened his law office at Canton, while he was as yet an untrained youth, he was drawn into de-bate-on that subject. Pitted against him was a. trained, shrewd, . and experienced lawyer, who had .at'his tongue's end all the specious sophistries of free trade. Thei older and more experienced debater won a seeming victory, but M'Kinley, though silenced for a time, was mot convinced. "No one will even- overcome me again in that' way," .lie said to a companion. "I know that I am right, and I know that I can .prove it." Thenceforth the study of books aud men and conditions of industry to attain that end was the chief labor of his life.

Mr Blaine, in his "Twenty Years in Congress" miade lilting nient-ion of this feaiture of his younger colleague's life. "The interests of lis constituency," he -wrote, "and his own belli of mind led liim to the study of industrial questions, and he was soon recognised in the House-as one of the ablest ■defenders of the doctrine of protection. For "one of the ablest" we may now write

"the foremost." The American system of protection to American industry was founded and 'expounded by Clav. It was advocated before the people by Greeley and championed in Congress for a full generation 'by Judge Kelly. Mr Morrill gave it practical application with marvellously good 'effect- in framing the tariff legislation, made necessary by the war. But it was reserved for William M'Kinley to bring the system to its highest degree of perfection, to proclaim it a. permanent and abiding principle, and to vindicate it as such before the world.

. The first spsecli he made in Congress was on tie subject of the t-ariif, and was in opposition to tils non-protection Bill introduced by Fernando Wood, of New York, in 1878. That speech made a marked impression upon the House and the nation, and thenceforth its author was looked to in every tariff debate to be one of the chief upholders of protection. Ail incident related by Judge Kelly, in his eulogy upon. Dudley"C. Hassell, shows how effectively M'Kinley .answered this expectation. Itwas when the famous JMills Bill was before the House. Kelly was to open t.li-s debate upon the -Republican side aud M'Kinley was to close it. Haskell, who was a member of the Ways and Means Committee, and a particularly strong debater, desired the honor of closing the debate, and asked Judge Kelly to persuade M'Kinley to give way to him. The Judge went- to M'Ki-njey and repeated. Haskell's request. M'Kinley readily cons-anted, saying that lie did not care in what order lie spoke. So it. happened that M'Kiniey was the fourth or fifth speaker and Haskell was to talk last. At the conclusion of M'Kinley's speech a number of members crowded around to congratulate him. Foremost among them was Haskell, who seized M'Kinley's hand enthusiastically. exclaiminir. "Major, I shall speak last; but- you, sir, have closed the debate."

With such years of preparation, M'Kinley was universally recognised as the one man of all best nualilied to frame the new tariff law, which it seemed desirable to enact when the Republicans resumed control of the Government in 1889. He was appointed Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, and presently gave to the nation the great measure which bears his name. Of his work in connection with ithe speaks'modestly. "I was Chairman: of the Committee," he says, "and I performed my duties as best I could. That is all. Some of the strongest men in Congress were on the Committee, and eight- of'us heard everybody, considered everything, and made up the best tariff law we knew how to frame." Envious rivals and unscrupulous foes have sought to belittle liis fame by declaring that it was not his Bill at all, that it was really framed by others, and that his connection with it was purely accidental. To no intelligent reader of the history of the time can it be necessary to spend much space in refuting that stupid calumny. M'lvinley was the author and finisher of that- Bill. He conceived its general principles. He gave countless days and nights of study and of toil to the elaboration of its details. By his unsurpassed leadership he secured its adoption by the House without resorting to a party caucus —an unprecedented achievement. He bore the brunt of the hostile criticism which was heaped upon the law by the freetraders of Great Britain. To him, and to him •alone, are due the honor and fame which the better judgment of the world has awarded to the author of that historic measure. It is not .necessary to enter into a detailed exposition of the provisions and effects of the M'Kinley Bill. It took the tax from some of the chief necessaries of life ; it 'Stimulated old industries and called new ones of vast- magnitude into prosperous existence : it greatly extended, by a. system of reciprocity, the foreign commerce of the country: it- provided means for conducting the' Government and for keeping the financial credit of the nation unimpaired. We may quote the words spoken bv Mr M'Kinl-ey'liiniself at the time when the measure was repealed. "The law of 1890 was enacted for the American people and the American home. Whatever mistakes were made in it were all made in favor of the occupations and firesides of the American people. It didn't take awav a single day's work from a solitarv American working man. It gave work and wages to all. such as they lad never had before. Tt did it by establishing new and great industries in this country, which increased the d'emand for the skili and handiwork of our laborers everywhere. It had no friends in .Europe, It gave their industries no stimulus. It gave no employment to- their labor at the expense of our own. During -nore than two years of the Administration of President Harrison, and down to its end, it raised all the revenue necessary to pay the vast expenditure of the Government, including the interest on the Public Debt •and the pensions. It never encroached, upon the gold reserve, which in the past, had always been sacredly preserved for the redemption of outstanding paper obligations of the Government. . . Neither producer nor consumer, employer or employee. suffered by that. law." At the election' of 1890 the. Democrats defeated Mr M'Kinley bv 300 votes and thus prevented his return to Congress. Great was their ndee at this. They thought Hiey bad crushed Iheir artrh-enwiv.at ]a.st. But tliev reckoned without the chief factor in- the proV«n».. The answer cjm» un--iTrsitatinglv. 'M'Kinley was nominated by the Republicans by acclamation for Governor of the Stats. Til en followed one of the rvwst memorable fim-Yinigiv? ever wiged in America. Mr M'Kinlev bee'ni his Tnipm on August Ist, and for three months he travelled night and day. making from two a dozen speeches a dav. until he had visited everv comity in the State. His campaign was oil National issues, on the tariff.' on protection; and so-eloquently and passioualelv did he defend his nririninlos that great- crowds turned out to hear him. The attention of the nation and of Ihe world was -drawn to the canwaisrn in Ohio State. Newspaper correspondents followed the champion- of protection in his four of the State, and filled the Press of the ' country with descriptions of scenes novel in political campaigns. The Democrats contested evevv inch of the ground stubbornly, but the people turned to M'Kinley as to the apostle ot ill? true dispensation. and women and chi 1 - drm said he had made protection and hrifi' plain to {hem. In that campaio-n. the first general campaign Mr M'Kin'ev had 'ever nude, he wjs pronounced the best volebetter ever seen on the stump in Oh'". ITe won the admiration <>f Democrats, as hj? won ihe devotion of Republicans and his election by a handsome majoritv was gratifying to ono party, without being a source)

of -bitterness to the r;:.n.k and file of tins other party. As his tirst, [enu (if oflic-:. drew towards its close, he was ri-nominated by acclamation, and of after another spirited campaign -lie was re-elecU'd by a. majority of 80,000, at- that time the largest bin <> 11\> in t'h-8 history of the State. As Murernor, Mr M'Kinley never forgot that lie was the chief magistrate, not merely of the )>arty wJiicli had elected him, but of the whole State, and lie was- untiring in his efforts t-o sectn-8 for t-lie whole Stale a wise, economical, ,-md honorable administration.

It was in the natural order of things that a. man so forceful and efficient in every tried ca.paeitv should presently be regarded a s a. |)wssjbl«t .future I'residontiof -thin United States. As early as 1880 he was spoken of as a coming candidate. In 1881 his name was brought before the Republican. National Convention, though not wit-In his authority or desire. Pour years later, la 1888, the Presidency lav within .his reash, but he declined it on, a, point of honor. He was » delegate to the Chicago Convention from Ohio, pledged to support the candidature of liis friend. Senator Sherman. After sev-sra-1 -ballots had fofpa taken, however, it became -evident that the veteran statesman from Ohio wa.s not to be the Convention's choice. His friends supported him loyally, but were in a hopeless minority, and 'were unable to. rally others to their standard. Some of theiii began to cast, about for another candidate to whom they could transfer their rotes with baiter prospect of success. Their choice quickly fell upon M'Kinliv, and the States ratified tile choice in 1896.' He took, office in March of the following year, and was re-elected for a second time lastvear. ■■■■■■■a——