KNOTTY PROBLEM

New Zealand Herald, Volume 82, Issue 25202, 15 May 1945, Page 6

KNOTTY PROBLEM

TRUSTEESHIP ISSUES MANY FEARS VOICED AGREEMENT DIFFICULT . EFFORTS AT SOLUTION By Telegraph—Press Association—Copyright (Reed. 6.30 p.m.) SAN FRANCISCO, May 13 The Associated Press correspondent says the British and Americans are opposing the Russian proposal that the Security Council shall decide what strategic areas should be placed under international trusteeship. The British and Americans fear that this might permit Russia or another of the Big Five nations to veto an area as strategic, although another Power might consider it a vital base. Failing a compromise tbfe issue may go before the full conference. The United Press says the opinion persists that the eventual solution of the trusteeship problem may bo achieved by writing broad principles into the world charter, leaving the details to be worked out after the peace conference has revealed the areas to be placed under trusteeship, also which nations want to be trustees. British Opposition Expected The New York Herald-Tribune says that a point in the American international trusteeship proposals which is expected to arouse serious British opposition is a clause which includes among basic objectives of trusteeships "non - discriminatory treatment in trustee territories with respect to economic and other appropriate civil activities of nations of all member States." British opposition is based on the Imperial preference policy, which found full expression in the Ottawa agreements. Observers consider that some of the Dominions may baulk at the phraso banning discrimination, although they favour trusteeship as a whole. This will be for non-economic reasons. Countries such as Australia, for example. desire to restrict immigration and also to control it in favour of certain races and against others. Regional Agreement Problems Seeking to break the deadlock on relating regional pacts to a security system, the American delegation adopted the following tentative formula, says the Associated Press correspondent: (1) That the Security Council's worldwide authority should be preserved. (2) That the League charter should specifically recognise the right of any nation to make treaties in self-defence. 1 (3) That when such a nation is attacked the other nations may carry out their treaty obligations as an emergency : measure. (4) That the Security Council should have the right to take control of the situation if necessary. The New York Times correspondent eays that the formula will be submitted as an amendment to the Dumbarton Oaks proposals. The formula was presented today to i the Latin-American nations by the Colombian Foreign Minister, Senor . Camargo, and later to the other mem- - bers of the Big Five by Mr Stettinius, ■ United States Secretary of State. Im- ' portant objections were raised in two \ of the Big Five meetings. , The maw complaint of non-American i nations is that it would give the American nations some freedom of collective i action against an aggressor when this i power is not granted to the other i nations of the world. , Principles ol Anzac Pact In a nation-wide broadcast, Mr F. M. ! Forde, Australian deputy-Prime Minister, and leader of the Australian dele- ' gation, said that Australia's attitude ; toward the two principal issues— r regional arrangements and trusteeships t —was illustrated by the Anzac Pact. He explained that the pact was much more than a regional defence agreement. It was designed as part of the framework for an ultimate world security organisation. Furthermore, one of the principal features of the pact was < its avowal of the trusteeship principle. Outlining the method of advancing J il w^ !fare of na tive peoples, he said? t "6 feel that our job is only partly d done if we don't bring the other Powers a -—Britain, America, France and the C Netherlands —with Pacific territories n into this new deal for the Pacific p peoples. The Anzac Pact, therefore, w visualises_ the establishment of a South p Seas Regional Commission, on which we t hope all of these Powers will be represented." G EDEN ON WAY HOME J 0

END-OF-WAR PROBLEMS WASHINGTON, May 14 Mr Anthony Eden, British Foreign Secretary, who is now on his way back from San Francisco to London,' broke his journey in Washington to see President Truman. Mr Eden said he had been called back on problems connected with the end of the war in Europe. He added that he considered the conference had made a good deal of progress with its programme. MrC- R- Attlee accompanied Mr Eden and Viscount Halifax is acting as chairman of the British delegation. The French Foreign Minister, M. Bidault, is expected to be the next to leave. Thus any major disputes which may arise among the Big Five mav have to be settled by word from London and Moscow. The Prime Minister of Canada, Mr W. L. Mackenzie King, is leaving tomorrow to take part in the Canadian general election campaign. WORLD CHARTER SAN FRANCISCO, May 13 The Associated Press reports that the Committee on the world charter decided that all nations signing the charter will be regarded as the original members of the world organisation, thus opening the way for the admittance of x'oland and Denmark. SECURITY COUNCIL LONDON, May 13 The Committee on the Security Council adopted an amendment which Mr Eden described as the most important introduced by the British delegation. It authorised the Security Council not only to recommend the procedure to be followed in settling any dispute threatening peace, but also gave the council power, at the request of all the parties to a dispute, to recommend the terms of settlement. "PATHFINDER FORCE" BRITISH COMMONWEALTH (Reed. 8.30 p.m.) LONDON, May 14 Gnu of the functions of the British Commonwealth should bo to act as a "pathfinder force" guiding the world in its attack against the problems of international organisation, states a pamphlet issued by the Rova I Empire Society under the title of "The Political Future of the British Commonwealth and Empire." iU Tli e pamphlet says the activities of the Commonwealth are a valuable, indeed indispensable, link between regional and world systems. As the xsritish Commonwealth in its political and social ideals seems to stand midday between Russian Communism and American individualism, it may well play an active part in promoting good relations between these two creat Powers.