HOOVER WINS

New Zealand Herald, Volume LXV, Issue 20098, 8 November 1928, Page 11

HOOVER WINS

NOW PRESIDENT-ELECT. UNITED STATES POLLING. SMITH LOSES OWN STATE. DEBACLE FOR DEMOCRATS. RIVALS CAPTURE CONGRESS. Telccniph—Press Association—Copyriplit. Auntrnli.iri Press Association —United Service (h'eciMved November S, 12.15 a.m.) NEW VOItK, Nov. 7. The Presidential, Congressional and State Governorship elections took place throughout the I'nited States yesterday. The resell, of the popular votes made certain the election as President, of Mr. Herbert. Hoover, the Republican nominee, on the votes of the electoral college. The returns are not yet complete, but st 9 p.m. yesterday, on the basis of those then to hand, the Chicago Tribune claimed that Mr. Hoover had obtained 340 of the 531 electoral college votes and Mr. A 1 Smith, Democrat, 114, leaving 77 dojbtful. An hour later it was anno.meed that Mr. Hoover's electoral \o:es would possibly total <IOO, and that his popular majority might exceed 10.000,001 The final returns indicate that, Mr. Hoover mav have 444 electoral college votes and Mr. Smith 87. Mr. Hoover is ahead in 40 States, including California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland. Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania. South Dakota, Tennessee, Ft ah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Mr. Smith is ahead in the remaining right States, namely:—Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana. Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Rhode Island. The doubtful States are:—Arizona, Montana, Nevada, Texas, Vermont, Wyoming, and Massachusetts. Analysis o! State Voting. The following table shows the total r'nctornl votes cast for Messrs. Hoover i d Smith and the majority of the popular votes secured by those two candidates in the principal States. The popular majorities go with the winner of the most electoral votes in each Stale. The figures given are subject to correction and in sotno cases are only esti-

Greatest Victory of Republican;;, As regards I he ('oiigressional election the Republican victory is the cjie.itest in history. I lie party will control 53 scats in (lie Senate, possibly mote. A majority of 10 ill lliat Mouse was assured fnrlv last, evening. I he new House of Representatives will probably he composed of 251 Republicans, 182 Democrats and two Farmer-Labour members. The defeat of the Democrats cannot be fiver-estimated. When it appeared that Mr. Hoover would carry Texas with a majority of 40,000 popular votes, and possihlv Virginia with a similar majority, it was recalled thai never helore were those States Republican. Hoover Wins New York State. New York Slate, on the ba-rs fit early returns, seemed likely to establish a record in its Democrat, vote. However, I lie position later was reversed until Mr. Hoover gained an estimated popular majority of 100,000 votes and the 45 electoral votes. Thus the, Slate, ostensibly declined to endorse its " favourite son " lor the Presidency, although it has elected him four times (!ovei;nor. New Voi k Cilv, which is normally Republican, in the Presidential election gavo Mr. Smith a 400.000 majority. Rut that was not sufficient, to overcome Mr. Hoover's greater majority in 'he rui.il districts up State. At 10 p.m. Mr. Hoover's success was generally admitted, even by Mr. Smith. Sweeping Tide of Republicanism. Sweeping through the hast, and the West, and threatening the seriously solid Democrat Southern Slates, Mr. Hoo\ei and the Vice I'resident ial nominee of the Republican Rally, Mr. ( liarles ( uitis, Were borne along oil a tide of using majorities. Al midnight the Republican ticket was leading in every State lie.nd from except Texas, -Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and South Uiul North Carolina. Mr. Hoover .scored impressive gains ill Virginia and Florida. The far west had riot, reported at midnight, but most of that area is counted as Republican. harly ieturns from the farm belt area disclosed no definite trend toward the Demociats. At midnight, Hie returns from the Congressional polls were incomplete, but they {.bowed that a number of Democrat, candidates for the Senate were behind and I hat the Republicans were holding thenown generally in the contests for tho Senate and the House of Representatives. Mr. A, R. Houghton, former Ambassador to Britain, who is standing as a Rcpub-

lican for the Senate for New York, has apparently been defeated. The question is now lining asked, whether tlio remnant of the Democrat Party may not combine with the Radical Farmer-Labour sections of the middle-west to form a new parly which would appeal nearly exclusively to the agrarian worker's interests. Such a metamorphosis would unquestionably introduce an element into American politics the force of which at the present time cannot bo estimated accurately.

The Democrats have undergone such a radical upheaval that it is dilticult to say whether the party may not disappear altogether front the American political scene, or undergo a complete change. It must be remembered that even in those Solidly Democrat Southern States, where Mr, Smith obtained majorities, (lie vote cast for Mr. Hoover was the largest ever given to a Republican candidate.

Whole towns ami countries went, Republican. Cities like Atlanta, Georgia, which aie the centres of denominational colleges, voted overwhelmingly against Mr. Smith. In Georgia, always a solid Democrat State hitherto, the majorities for Mr. Hoover in about 30 counties indicated how badly the Democrat, Party was divided.

Chicago's majoritv for Mr. Smith was not sufficient to overcome the large majority which Mr. Hoover piled up in tho rural districts of Illinois.

At the Presidential election in 1924 the Republican candidate, Mr. Loolidge, secured 382 of the 5>3l electoral votes, Mr. J. W. Davis, Democrat, 149, and Mr. R M. La Folletie, Third Party, 13. The total popular votes for each candidate were: —Coolidge, 15.725,016; Davis. 8,386,503; La Follette, 4,822,856,

Tho state of parties in Congress as a result of that election was:—Scnato (96 seats) —Republicans, 48; Democrats, 47; Farmer Labour, 1. House of Representatives 1,435 members) —Republicans, 237; Democrats 195; Fanner Labour, 2; Socialist, 1.

Jlli. llonVKlt'K CAIiKKIi.

FATHER A BLACKSMITH. TI!f: VICE-PRESIDENT ELECT. Mr. Herbert Dark Hoover, Presidentelect of the United Stall's, was bom in lowa in August, 1874. lli.s father was a. country blacksmith, and, like, his mother, a member of the Society of Friends. He was an orphan at the age of nine, and was brought up by relatives in the State of Oregon. At the age of 13 he had to earn his own living. Nevertheless he was abh s in 1891 to go to Leland Stanford University in California, and after a four years' course qualified as a mining engineer. He had earned the money tor study in his spare time by working as manager of a laundry. It is not generally known that some vears ago Mr. Hoover was closely associated with the mining industry in Australia, and in a very short, time he became a well-known figure in the mining world there. He went to Australia in 1897 to join the firm of Bewick. Moering and Co.. the largest mining engineers m Western Australia, and he later became a partnei in the firm. Mr. Hoover was at Broken Hill, where he was responsible for solving the /.inc problem—the utilisation of the huge quantities fit" zinc tailings. He secured an option over the sup. p|v of tailings, raised capital in London and was primarily responsible tor forming the Zinc Corporation, which in time became a great wealth-producing concern. Mr. Hoovei became a director of this i "r■ potation, and also played a prominent pail in a similar capacity in other mining ventures. After a few vears in Australia Mr. Hoover was appointed Director-General of Mines bv the Chinese Government. Pining the' Boxer rising lie took part in the defence of Tientsin. lie then lecanie connected with a. British firm and aftei a visit to his native country in 1901 made his headquarters in London and founded successful industrial undertakings in America, England, Mexico, Russia, India, and ('liina. When the Great War broke out. Mr. Hoover, then an engineer of international repute, was in London. At the. instance of the United States Government, he took over the task of repatriating 150.000 Americans stranded in London and Europe, arranging their finances as well. Then he went to Belgium, where he worked for two and a-halt years rationing food supplies. When the l.nited States entered the war. lie was recalled to United States, but his organisation continued to function. Later, lie Belgian Government invested him with the title. Honorary Citizen of Belgium arid Friend! of the Belgian People. Ills administrative capacity reached a high level tti the United S'ates as Food Controller, and. j when the war came to an end. he carried out. the same work in Germany, Russia j and Poland. A ridiculous story was circulated all over the United States of a peerage having been offereil Mr. Hoover it he would become a British subject. Ihe wide, 1 publicity given this tableemphasises j how little. Americans know of Britain or British traditions. Mr. Hoover was a candidate for the Presidency in 1920, but his vote at. the. convention was negligible. After President Harding took office Mr. Hoover was appointed Secretary of Commerce. He was confirmed m the oflice by President Coolidg". His term as Secretary of Commerce was chiefly notable for his campaign against the British control of rub. her prices, which he began in 192-» and carried on throughout 19%. He urged reprisals against the "rubber monopoly'' in the shape of withholding loans, use of substitute-' and finding new sources of supply. Critics dcchocd that he was being used by the American rubber interests and pointed out that the rise in the prices of tyres was not due to dearer rubber. lie resigned office on becoming a candidate for the Presidency. Mr. Hoover's last great effort was the complete charge of relief work consequent on I lie Mississippi flood disasters ill 1927 n, task that brought him innumerable friends Since. 1920 he had made headway among the professional politicians and was sure of support not only in Ins home State of California, but ill some of the Eastern Stales, Mr. Hoover lias been described as a man dot il ute of personal magnet ism, in capable of making a stirring speech. Vet, like McKinlev and Harding, lie has demonstrated that a nomination campaign | bat sort can be effective. Moreover, Mr. Hoover has a larger individual and non-partisan following than any recent figure in I niled Slates politics. Without anv of Roosevelt's spectacular qualities, ho seems to have inspired mm h » the personal admiral ion which the nation gave to that notable character. Mr. Hoover was married ill li' 99 at Monterey, California, to Miss Lou Henry. Thev have two sons, now at the university. Mrs. Hoover graduated at Leland Stanford University at the sanfe time as her husband, and they were engaged before he graduated. Her degree was in geology, as was Ins. and they were associated technically with his many engineering schemes for a quarter of a century prior to the Great War in various parts of the world. Together, they translated from Latin a huge technical work on metallurgy written in the 16th century. The work occupied six years, in their spare Mr. Charles Curtis, the Republican Vice-President-elect, was born at North Topeka, Kansas, on January 25, 1860. He was educated at the common schools. He Studied for the law and was admitted to the Bar in 1881, since when he has practised at Topeka. He was attorney for his county, Shawnee. 1884-8. lie was first elected to Congress in 1893 as member of the House of Representatives. In 1907 he was elected to the Senafe for the unexpired term of Mr. J. IL Burton, on the. resignation of the latter. Since then ho has been twice re elected.

mates 1 luoVl r. Smith. .Majority. New \ urk . 45 100.000 Illinois . . . 29 .... (not stated) TVnnsylv ania . .38 500.000 < lliio . . . 24 200.000 (ounect icut . 7 100.000 K ansas . . . 10 — .300.000 .Vaiiie . . 0 (not stated) Iowa . . . 1.3 200.000 Indiana . 15 (not stated) Tennessee t i 10.000 Missouri .. 18 2. (XX) M lihiu'a" . 15 — 500.000 Nrw Jersey . 14 150,000 \ erinont. . . 4 20,000' (ires/ou . . . 5 — 200.000 ]\la rvl.ind 8 10.000 ('alifornia . 13 — 200,000 West Virginia . 8 30.000 KpiiI urkv 1.3 — 30,000 (iporfjia. . . — 14 60.000 New Hainpsh e 4 — (not stated) Delaware . .3 — 15,000 Wisconsin . 13 — 50.000 South Dakota . 5 — 30.000 Louisiana . - - 10 75,000 Alabama . — 12 (not stated) Arkansas . — n (not stated) Mississippi . — 10 (not stated) South Carolina . — 9 (not stated) North Carolina . — 12 (not stated) 'Minnesota . 12 _ 150.000 Wyoming . .3 — 15.000" Colorado . . r> 50,000 Tdalio . . . 4 80.000 Nebraska 8 100.000 \e<v Mexi.-r. .3 10,000 Rhode Island . _ - 1.000 T' t, h . 1 15.0TO Wa«hin:,'ton 7 80.000 •Result still drill ht fill.