THE MAP.

New Zealand Herald, Volume XXXIV, Issue 10426, 26 April 1897, Page 5

THE MAP.

The map which we publish to-day will enable readers to follow more intelligently and with greater Interest the progress of the Turko-Gercian War. Though lb is as yet impossible to accurately locate all the places mentioned in the cablegrams— of them doubtless being insignificant townships not marked even on the most recent maps—yet roost of the principal towns aiid districts where the fighting has been and is proceeding are indicated in the accompanying diagram. Tlio thick dotted line marks the boundary between Turkey on the north and Greece on the South. This line; it will be seen, rubs from the Gulf of Arta oh the west (between Greece and Albania) to the Gulf Of Salonika On the east. The first of these sheets of water has been the scene of some desperate fighting. The city of Arta, which is situated dn the shores of the gulf, is the capital of a division of TliesSaly ceded to Greece by Turkey in 1881. The towri stands on the left bank of, the River Arta eight miles from its mouth, It is the See of a Greek Archbishop and has a considerable trade. Its population is about 5000. two-thirds of whom are Greeks. One of the principal centres of the War on the eastern side of Northern Greece Is l.urissn, a town which has been frequently mentioned in the cable messages. This plate was famous in ancient times' as the chief town of Tliessaly, and is now a centre With over 13,000 inhabitants, about one-third of whom are Greeks, and another third Turks. Larissa was also Ceded to Greece in 1881. It stands on the Salamhria in the fertile plain of TliesSaly, and lias manufactures of silk and cotton goods, and tobacco. Like Arta it is also tile seat of a Greek archbishop arid was the centre of the Turkish operations in the war of Greek liberation. Saidnica, which will be found marked at the head of the gulf of the Bume name, appears to be one of the chief centres from which the Turkish operations are being carried oM. An important railway line runs from here, and here the Turkish trodps from Constat!tiiiople ate being landed. The Greeks have threatened to destroy the railway in order to prevent the Turkish troops beiiis carried to the scene of action iii this way. Salonlca is the second commercial city of European Turkey and has direct railway commuriicatioti with Vienna. The city climbs Up the rocky heights that stretch back from the shore, and is overlooked by a citadel, the ahcietlt acropolis. The population Is estimated at abbilt 122,0(J0, of whom nearly 01,000 ate Jews of Spanish descent, 25,000 Turks, and 14,000 Greeks. Salonica is the ancient Thessalonica to whose Christian community St. Paul addressed two of his epistles, and is famous in connection with ancient Greek and Roman history. On the map will also be found, among many other places which have been mentioned lii connection with the war, Void (With a papulation of 11,000, situated 37 miles south-east of Larissa), Elassona, Nezerb, Krania, Zarkos, Turhavo, GrrjVina, and Katerina. Also Janiria, which is at present being attacked. This toWn is the Capital of a Vitayet in Turkish Albania, and stands in a striking situation on a lake (12 miles long by 3 Broad) bf the Same name, BO miles inland from the shore opposite the Island of Corfu. Its buildings include more tban twenty ecclesiastical edifices, and the ruined castle of Ali Pasha, a famous soldier; Who seized the City in 1787, and who made the place his head quarters. The population, which numbered 40,000 ill the days of Alt Pasha, is iid* about 20,000, Of whom 15,000 are Greeks. Greek is the language ripditeH. the town has been under Turkish rulesllico 1430. It will be noticed on referring to the map that up to the present the war has proceeded principally around Arta arid in the district of Epirue oh the west, and iii the vicinity of Larissa Arid the Gulf of Salonica on the east.">' **