THE New Zealand Herald AND DAILY SOUTHERN CROSS. MONDAY, APRIL 24, 1893.

New Zealand Herald, Volume XXX, Issue 9182, 24 April 1893, Page 4

THE New Zealand Herald AND DAILY SOUTHERN CROSS. MONDAY, APRIL 24, 1893.

In civilised countries the organisation of labour is being generally recognised as the danger of the day, because its original aims may be, or rather are, so perverted as to make it a standing menace to society, disposing as it does of the issues of national life, viz., industry and commerce, which are being deeply injured by the constant and extensive strikes occurring among the unionist workmen. It would serve no good purpose to dilate upon the insensate folly which in order to achieve an imaginary triumph will brave all the consequences of cold and hunger, employing as it were a hydraulic hammer in order to crack a flea, because the conduct of labour unions in this respect and the effects accruing from it, have been pointed out with truth and with force again and again. The destructive folly of the policy thus pursued by those organisations is therefore not unknown to many of the men who are answerable for its adoption ; moreover, they are witnesses of the widespread rum with which an extensive strike is accompanied, and although they dwell complacently upon the increase of wages which have been the result of certain strikes, yet their dupes are never by them made aware of the fact that the partial advantages thus gamed, represented by thousands of pounds sterling, have been achieved at the cost of millions of money and the destruction of as much property. Moreover, the patent truth is obvious to all, that as between employer and employed neither of these two parties is in the position to determine absolutely either the rate of wages or any other matter which may be in dispute between them, while it is equally plain that the use of violence cannot affect that fundamental principle, or servo to settle labour differences upon a permanent basis. Accordingly, at the termination of a strike, whatever may be its issue as regards those immediately concerned, when fresh causes of dispute shall arise between them, the whole destructive process has to bo repeated ; or if no reason of rupture between them should have occurred, and their work should be proceeding peaceably and satisfactorily, some of the men in authority, living probably at a distance from the scene of action, discover that one or other of their laws is being broken or evaded by the now friendly disputants, whereby an unexpected quarrel is fastened upon the employer, to which his workmen are involuntarily made parties, and so brought into a contest in which they may be only remotely, if at all, interested. As a matter of course, this state of things promotes and keeps up a perpetual condition of tension between manufacturers and their employees, the former of whom can never depend upon the loyalty of the latter, who are thuseducated to employ violence as the only efficient means for getting the better of the masters, a doctrine which, as might be expected, leads them into collision with the law and brings about the most deplorable consequences, not the least disastrous of which is the loss of character which is the inevitable consequence of the commission of crime and ! outrage. Who can tell what damage the cause of honest labour has susI tained by the frequent resort of the

labour organisations to boycotting, to rioting, and to personal violence? And can it be wondered at, that those crimes being entirely confined to Unionists, the institutions to winch those men belong .should bo held answerable for their conduct ? We are fully aware that there are unions and unions, that there is a wide distinction to be drawn between the old unionism and the new, and that the latter is chiofly concerned in and answerable for the reign of termor now existent in the ranks of industry and of trade, and weare equallysure that among the operative portion of that extensive class there are thousands who deplore the misguided action of their brethren. But these forces are passive, the new unionism is aggressive, proselytising, and imperious, and everywhere bears the fruits of sedition and violence. The mischief arising out of its doctrines, its decrees, and above all its course of action, affects all classes of the community, not alone in their general wellbeing and prosperity, their comfort and safety, but in the increased taxation necessitated by the existence of such an organisation under the control of utterly irresponsible leaders, whoso objects are not those of national or even of commercial progrees but of personal advantage obtained by first deceiving and then by exciting the working classes. Nobody can deny that this is a truthful description of the situation and of the aims of the militant section of labour in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. It can therefore be no matter for surprise that many plans, some of them excellent in themselves, should have been suggested for the pacification of labour disputes and for the settlement of labour demands, nor on the other hand can it be wondered at that all those schemes of arbitration, conciliation, etc., should have been rejected, inasmuch as the general adoption of any such methods would in the first place deprive the agitators of their dictatorship, and would then bring down union labour from the rank of a potent belligerent in command of the situation to that of a mere litigant, no longer depending upon physical force for success, but compelled to rely upon moral support in order to accomplish its purpose. That being so, it is evident that in order to get rid of so great a danger, the powers and prerogatives seized and exercised by the labour organisations must be strictly defined by law, for that any body of men, however useful in their own way, should be able to make war upon society, or, as they put it, upon capital, cannot continue to be tolerated within the pale of civilisation. Legislation is therefore the only reasonable and effectual means of dealing with the question of strikes in its most menacing aspects, because while property to the value of unknown millions, while life even under the lowest conditions of comfort can be compromised merely as an exhibition of power, such potentialities must be submitted to a defined restraint imposed by the law of the land and enforced by the executive authority of the Government. By that means alone can clamour be silenced and a clear understanding of the position come to.

The Government of New South Wales are about to make considerable reductions in the cost of tlie Education Department. Hitherto it has been somewhat in the position of our own system —running up to an enormous cost, without any increase of efficiency. It never was, perhaps, quite so bad as our own system, which lias secured a political power which absolutely prevents either improvement or reduction of cost. In New South Wales, fees have always been charged. The amount voted for the system in 1802 was £709,000, and the amount of school fees received was £77,000. The necessity for a reduction was felt to be imperative, and in the revised estimates laid before the House in January, tlie education vote was put at £748,000 or less by £51,000 than the vote for 1892. Now it is proposed to reduce the vote by another £70,000 per annum. It is proposed not to receive children under six years of age. It will be remembered that this proposal was made here, but like all proposals for any change was scouted. The maximum age, of attending school in New South Wales is fourteen, and if any scholar attended after that age a fee of threepence per week was charged. It is now proposed that a charge shall be made in such cases of one shilling per week. There are 22,330 children in the schools of New South Wales under the age of six years—infants who ought not to be at school, and who are sent, there not for the purpose of receiving instruction, but simply that they may be taken care of by highly-paid teachers, and so relieve maternal anxieties. There are 15,400 children now in the schools who exceed the statutory age. The cutting oft* of the infants, and the charging higher fees for grown-up pupils, will enable a considerable saving to be made in teachers' salaries, and will restrict the demand for new schools. There seems no doubt that the proposals of the: Government in regard to the education system will be agreed to. It is a choice between reducing expenditure and imposing crushing taxation, indeed, both means of making ends meet will have to be resorted to. It is certainly absurd to be spending nearly £800,000 on education, with a large deficit in the finances of the colony, causing a loss of public, confidence that results in calamitous bank failures and thousands of unemployed. The cost of primary education per haul of population in the colonies is as follows :— Victoria, 12s Sd ; New Zealand, 1 Is Gd ; New South Wales, 10s Id ; Queensland, 8s 8d ; South Australia, 7s 4d ; Tasmania, <Js ; Western Australia, 4s lid. The alterations proposed to be made in New South Wales by which so large a saving will be effected, will greatly improve the system, and enable it to produce better results. The teachers will be able to devote themselves to imparting instruction to children capable of receiving it, instead of nursing infants who are sent to school to be out of their mothers' way. These changes might be made in New Zealand with beneficial effect to the system.

The second rending of tho Homo Rulo Bill lias been curried in the House of Common* by 347 votos to 301. The close of tho debate was marked by powerful speeches on both sides of tho J louse, Mr. Balfour declaring that if tho measure passed all hope of maintaining peace in Ireland would vanish, while Mr. Gladstone, in a vigorous reply, denounced the policy which the Opposition had followed in regard to tho Bill, and said that their prophecies would be shown to bo baseless. After tho division on tho question of the second reading there was a scene of wild excitement in the House. Tho Premier, us he returned to the Chamber, was received by tho Ministerialists ami Nationalists with great cheering and waving

of hats, Mr. Gladstone repeatedly bowing j his acknowledgment". Ono of the Parncl- . lite section, Mr. William Redmond, ex- i citedly called for three cheers for Parnell, tho reply being a burst of ironical laughter j from the Opposition. During these pro- ] ceedingsin the House, some Ulster delegates \ who havo arrived in London to be present I at an anti-Home Rule meeting in London, and who had assembled in tho lobby, cheered the Queen, and sang the National j Anthem until the police ultimately com- | pelled them to leave. The news of the | division was received in Dublin with wild j enthusiasm, and bonfires were lighted by j the Nationalists in Belfast, where party feeling ran high. The negotiations for the settlement of the strike in the shipping trade at Hull, have failed, the ship owners having declined to hold any further conference with the representatives of the men who havo ceased work, and threats of a national strike an: renewed. Tho Karl of Derby is dead. The influenza is causing alarming mortality in Paris, whoro six hundred persons "have died during last- week from the malady. Tho scheme for the re-con-struction of the English, Scottish, and Australian Chartered Bank has been accepted by the Scottish banks. It has been found that the institution cannot bo reconstructed as a chartered bank, but must become a limited liability company. Another death from small-pox has occurred at Perth. His Excellency tho Governor, accompanied by Lady Glasgow and family, Misses Wauchope and Hallowes, Captain HunterBlair, A.D.C., and Mr. Clayton, Assistant A.D.C., left, the Auckland railway station en route for the (South, by tho 5.20 p.m. train on Saturday. A special carriage was provided for tho vice-regal party. On arrival atOnehunga they speedily embarked on board the s.s. Hinemoa, having dinner on board. Tho Hinemoa crossed the bar tho same night, and is expected to arrive in Wellington this forenoon. it was originally intended to have stayed till the middle of next month, but the incmoa's tour of duty had boon arranged before definite information was received as to the delay in the arrival of tho Austrian Archduke by the Kaiscrin Elizabeth at Wellington. Tho vice-regal party regret their departure from Auckland, as additional shooting expeditions had been arranged, and visits to out-districts. They especially prized tho quiet home-life they enjoyed here, and tho freedom to go about and amuse themselves as they pleased. In another column publish an interesting interview wdth Sir J. B. Thurston, K.C. M.C., Governor of Fiji and High Commissioner of the Western Pacific. His Excellency explained the relations between Mr. R. L. Stevenson and himself in reference to the Samoan proclamation prohibiting sedition. Ho most emphatically states that be had no knowledge of Mr. Stevenson and that that gentleman was entirely in error in supposing it was directed against him. Hi" Excellency's views on the Kanaka labour question will also no doubt be read with interest. On Saturday afternoon the mail steamer Monowai left for Apia, Honolulu, and San Francisco with the English and American mails. Tho steamer had a larger number of passengers than usual, both from Australia and this port, amongst whom were Mr. and Mrs. C. Williamson, M. Leon Driver (the pianist), and a number of others who are proceeding to the World's Fair at Chicago. The steamer also took a large shipment of llax, besides the usual consignment of produce for Apia and Honolulu. Shortly after the arrival of the mail steamer Monowai from Sydney en route for San Francisco on Saturday morning, a number of the steerage passengers lodged a complaint with the Collector of Customs and the health officer in regard to their accommodation and the crowded state of the ship. An examination was made, and the complaints were found to bo for the most part trivial, but Dr. Lewis suggested certain remedies in regard to ventilation, etc., which Captain Carey undertook to give effect to. The Union Steamship Company's steamer Wairarapa left for Southern ports, Hobart, and Melbourne on Saturday with a large number of passengers, among whom were Mr. and Mrs. Edger, the Rev. J. Comrie, and Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Fenton and family. The steamer had also large freight li"t, including transhipments from the mail steamer Alameda and the s.s. Upolu. A large crowd witnessed her departure. By the mail steamer Alameda, which arrived on Friday, tho Masonic Grand Lodge of New Zealand have received cordial recognition and fraternal greetings from the Grand Lodge of Canada, Hamilton, Ontario, the Grand Lodge of Minnesota, United States, and the Grand Lodpe of Indian Territory, United States. The Grand Lodge of Oklahoma, a now branch of the Indian Territory Grand Lodge, forwarded an application for fraternal recognition. The Grand Lodge of Indian Territory appointed as their representative at or near tho Grand Lodge of New Zealand Brother Andrew Hnrley, whose commission has been forwarded with a request that the Grand Lodge of New Zealand might appoint some brother to represent them in the Grand Lodge of Indian Territory. These matters will be duly dealt with at the next meeting of tho Grand Lodge. Another old colonist lias joined the great majority, in tho person of Mr. Thomas Hancock, who died yesterday at his residence. Newmarket, at the advanced age of 80. He has been in Auckland for over -10 years, and was the founder of Hancock's brewery, Newmarket. Deceased leaves a grown-up family. Wo regret to announce the death of Captain James Bailey, C.8., late Deputy Com-missary-General, who passed away yesterday at his residence, Penrose, at the age of 07. He had been latterly in indifferent health, suffering from some internal complaint, and had been attended by Dr. A. C. Purchus, and subsequently, in addition, by Dr. Mackellar. The deceased gentleman joined tho Imperial service in IS4S, and served in Ireland on the Board of Works till 1851. He was next sent to the Cape of Good Hope in the Commissariat service until 1554 and afterwards served as Deputy Assistant Commissary-General in Turkey and Crimea in 1854-6. For his services in the Crimea he was made aC. B. After the close of the Crimean campaign he was sent to the Bermudas for three years, and to China for over a twelve months. Captain Bailey camo to New Zealand in 1801, and was Deputy Commissary-General. Ho had the management of the Land Transport Corps, and rendered important service to the troops. He wont to England on the withdrawal of the Imperial forces in 1867, but three years afterwards returned to Auckland province where ho has since resided. Captain Bailey was for some years manager of the Audi laud Agricultural Company's estates, residing at the headquarters station of Fencourt, Cambridge, of which station one of his sons is assistant manager. The deceased gentleman leaves a widow (daughter of late Mr. R. .McLean), and ono daughter and four sons to mourn their loss. Tho funeral will leave " Bleak House," near Howick, on Wednesday, for the Howick Cemetery. On Saturday intelligence was received of the death of a young man named Walter Tye, who mot with an accident tho previous day while working in Mackay's gravel pit at Takapuna. It appears that the unfortunate young man was standing on a ledge about eight feet high when he fell, striking against tho cart he was filling. It was not considered that he had been seriously hurt, but Dr. Roberts was sent for. On examination no bones wore found to be broken, but tho young fellow died later on, presumably from shock and internal injuries. A pleasing little gathering assembled at tho Manse, Avondalo, on Thursday evening, j to bid farewell to the Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Worboys, who are loaving for Opotoki. tie gathering took tho form of a surprise party, when about twenty-five of tho young people in connection with tho Sunday Afternoon Bible Class assembled and presented Mrs. Worboya with a beautiful album, which was suitably inscribed by Mr. Bollard. Mr. Sheppard, in a few wellchosen remarks, made the presentation. Mrs. Worboys, in replying, thanked thorn all for their gift, and expressed the pleasure she had, felt in her labours among them for tho past six years. Tho Rev. Mr. Worboys also gave a shorb humorous speech, and concluded by wishing all tho young people every happiness and blessing. Refreshments were provided, and games wore heartily enjoyed during the evening. Gas and coke consumer are reminded that to-morrow (Tuesday), 25th inst., is tho last day upon which any discount can bo I allowed on their accounts.

Wo have to acknowledge the recenTr «P brochure, entitle!, "The Dream of ' W Englishman," by Arthur Dennett bum! *' if "John Dull and His Other Island'' *? {I volume is an attempt to submit a set, ' H for the Federation of the Empire and ' * I dentally to offer Rome suggestions In ,i™* If to the Irish question, the dispute bctvv I Capital and Labour, am] the quarrel of ik" churches. Id is cleverly and ain u *i n , written. The writer is very severeW ; G.O. find correspondingly ] aud '«* % " Markiss," who '-over skirks response", or pursues "a policy of scuttle." i? 11l brochure is published by Simpkin, Marsh j' Hamilton, Kent and Co., Limited ' # l London. ' ( I The following circular has been issued K *'" Mr E. Eugster, who is a candidate'""f th y Board of Education :—" Gentlemen,— a' mated by an earnest desire to servo IP country of my adoption in a sphere "' ' ticularly congenial to mo I beg to off myself hereby as a Candidate for a vac 6 ' : seat in the Auckland Board of Education 1 Although an alum by birth, I have diirin' ' " my ten years' residence in this province (sini; " 1887 as a naturalised citizen) so thorough! identficd myself with its circumstances and •' institutions, that 1 feci quito strong enourt ''' to yield to none in the honest, endeavour to ; : promote the best and truest interests of our rising generation. While now living in town, my extensive travel? throughout the coiony, as well as my five years' settler l|f. i" in one of our country districts, with which > I am still closely connected, have given m. *' the great advantage of making myself conversant with tho educational requirement! [' ' of town and country alike. If elected I '■ shall always try to perform to the best'oj PI my ability the important duties contuscUd 1 with this honorary office." The following explanation relating I taking possession of tho South Island it furnished to the Otago Daily Times by M Hi O. Eliot Eliott: —Referring to your corr» HI pondent'a letter from Melbourne respecting Stl the taking possession of this South Id an by Great Britain, I beg to state that th» story related by Mr. William Henry Palmer' lip of Sale, is a myth. Captain William ar ! |' nard Rhodes had nothing to do with [fc l||| The facts are, as related bv Captain (J rtw , ||f§ ford Pasco, R.N., that H.M. brig Britotu 4r l» was sent from the Bay of Islands for tb fill purpose, and her captain (Owen Stanley! successfully accomplished his mission. ft mk) was Lieutenant Willoughby Shortland, the i|§' then Colonial Secretary, who despatched 111 her while Governor Hobson was at Aucfe. ill land making preparation for the removal q( the Government from the Bay of Islands to' Auckland. We have great cause to be thank. I' ful that Mr. Shortland acted mbe did, and <! that Captain Stanley forestalled the French ' '■' man-of-war, which left the Bay for the put. I >" pose of securing this island for France. {'$,); Wo understand that Mr Herbert-Jones F.R.G.S., is compiling a "New Zealand ' ',' land-book and Tourists' Vade Mecum,' >■ illustrated by about 150 pictures from direi Ifphotographs by a new process. Specif i# articles will bo contributed by leading NjJ 111 Zealand writers. Tho aim will be to make I the book the most complete and attractive 111 guide yet issued. It will be circulated bj kI special agents through New Zealand, Am |§?J' tralia, Europe", India, and America, and pi 50,000 copies will, it is expected, be pub- ill lished. II Some weeks ago a fracas occurred on Si* board the American barque If. (i. Johnson, §§f in which a seaman named Stewart was iff stabbed : and was taken to the Hospital, M while his alleged assailant wm arrested. m In due course a seaman on board the vessel M named Battmer was committed lot trial on lIS the charge of stabbing Stewart. Stewart m was discharged from the Hospital lidaye §1 ago, and went to the Sailors' Home to m reside. Yesterday his wounds broke out fj afresh and he was taken to the Hospital, B where he lies in a critical condition. fe There were in the lock-up last evento; l|/ ; three prisoners on charges of drunkennei fflj Charles Farmer, on a charge of forgery,a H wit, in giving a cheque on the Bank I p| Australasia for £5, purporting to be eigtiei M by one W. H. Hutchinson ; and Annie M Swift, for larceny'of a rug, value 10s, the I property of Bishop Luck. ~y The Young Ladies Orchestra resumed 8 their rehearsals on Saturday, under the H conductorship of Professor mitt. Then I was an excellent attendance, and a numbs m of "new members joined* Most attraetivi I music, some of it of the most modern, Vtty . h| will bo rehearsed. There v» VShUe itik f§ that the present eeason will again be a most r successful one. | The ordinary meeting of the Hirbow I Hoard will take place at their office to- m morrow afternoon, at half-past two o'clock, | to receive and consider tenders for cleaning m and painting buoys and beacons. The f following notice of" motion by Mr. Niccol |. will come up for consideration, "Thatthe I foreman of works report upon the necessity for and estimate cost, of new mooring piles si the Railway Wharf." The annual meeting of householders to m elect school committees for the ensuing S| year takes place this evening. It is to be M "hoped that parents will put in an appear-' M ance and take an active interest in educi- I tional matters. The meetings in the city 1| and suburbs will be held as follows:- M Auckland City, 7.30 p.m., St. Jamei'i S3 Hall, Wellington-street (in this district,!! M addition to the list of candidates pu Wished, I are the names of Dr. McArthur and Mr. J. m T. Julian); l'onsouby School, 7.30 p. 8.1 fl Newton, St. George's Hall, Great Norti ■ Road, 7.30 p.m. ; Grafton School, 8 p.n.; m Parnell School, 7.30 p.m. ; Newmarket || School, 8 p.m. .• j H Among the passengers by thes.s. Titt j s puna on Saturday we re the Rev. "'■ ;' Collins, of Birmingham, who arrives as tin g new minister of the l'onsouby Baptist I Church. He was present at the service yesterday, but owing to having come off* long sea voyage deferred commencing hi f ministerial duties till next Sunday. The following subscriptions have been received for the New Hebrides Relief Fandi: ; ;; — Waipu Presbyterian Church, £12 Is; Bf-J Kcnderdine, £1 ; Onehunga (per Rev. F*l guson), £3 13s ; Mrs. Stewart (Kiwitea), »■ Yesterday afternoon, at the Choral Hal 11 a largo and interested company gathered I , hear a Theosophical lecture from Mi* *<j,] Lilian Edger, M.A., who devoted henj ■ M , principally to summing-up previous so- |:| dresses on tho same subject, and answerijS H objections that had been raised. T« ■ j fundamental teachings of Thoosophy, » ! f| said, might be grouped under three hew'- Im first, with regard to the evolution of » | universe and of humanity as a whole; tW I ' 'j with regard to the evolution of man mdi- „ \ vidually ; and, thirdly, its practical 9 jg ethical teachings which bore on even"' I|| day life. At the conclusion of the lect« ffl and in answer to a question, MIM ||| said Theosophy taught, in regard to t«* & away life, that"there was no right »** away that which could not be restore! fj Tho next ordinary meeting of the D** ;! port Borough Council has been deferred to-morrow. The annual meeting * w j;;'-'.] District School Committee and other wr- • ings to be held this evening precladflWpossibility of obtaining a quorum on tfl . occasion. On Thursday last tho men at work i" °°| of tho composing rooms on the second w» of the Government Printing Offic* ° covered that the ceiling was on tire. ' ■~;>; alarm was at onco sent by telephone to _ Brandon-street Fire Brigade Station,", ;i before the brigade arrived the flame' been extinguished by means of ft ', buckebfuls of water. The tire was canthrough a defect fn the electric wires «n pass along the ceiling of the room, ao* :; only damage done was the scorching cvgrthmhuk» rafters by the electric fluid, ;j^ Tho most curious suicide in the annals I self-destruction occurred at Chiquetfl, J*- ' M in tho spring of 1S!)(). Before commit" « ■ the deed the self-murderer, who was nam- , g W. U. T. Jones, do- bis own grave «' g placed a rough coffin of his own "» ndl *L « at the bottom. The dirt from the opW ■ was kept from rolling back into the m cavation by two boards held in pi" »). 1 I trigger to which a string "-as *™*%t, . m Everything in readine*?, the deliberate 1 I Jones, as subsequent developments rf | vealed, got into the coffin, took a do_ e » poison, and then pulled the -s ■ himself beneath tons of earth. I' ll .', 1 been put down as one of the most am I and successful cases of self-destruction I record. ( j C 1 The manager of tho Holloway Dr»«*j I Company, Mr. J. St. Clair, h ™ 'jju-hi I intelligence from Australia that Mr. | Holloway, who is at present on ' tho f ot *' side," securing dramatic attractio ■ New Zealand, has arranged WltD h fat | Maggie Mooro for a brief tour throng & colony, commencing at Auckland on » / j