The North Otago Times. MONDAY, JULY 9, 1917. DOMINIONS' MAN POWER.

North Otago Times, Volume CV, Issue 13927, 9 July 1917, Page 4

The North Otago Times. MONDAY, JULY 9, 1917. DOMINIONS' MAN POWER.

Now that the Canadian House of Representatives has accepted conscription by 116 votes to 55, and Mr 'Hughes tells us that if voiirntnrvism fails in Australia conscription must be regarded as inevitable, an opportunity is presented for a review of the man-power ■ tlie ■ the Oversea Dominions. We have been told on several occasions, indeed tlis Canadian Prime Minister stated recently, that Canada's limit is to be 500,000 men, Australia has four divisions at the -front to keep up to strength and'she is finding th.? task difficult lin'der the voluntary system, of recruiting. It lias not

been disproved that in proportion to her population, New Zealand has done as well as any of the Allies. If we take New Zealand's contribution to date at say 85,000 i'rora 240,000 men available—we find that Canada should now have in the field 425,000 men out of her | available men, roughly estimated at 1,760,000. On the'same basis, Australia should have 066,000 men in tht; field.of her eligible manpower of 1,100,000. It is estimated that ''America has 22,000,000 men between the ages of 20 and 45, ami j it is.claimed that she should re-' Hove-the smaller Dominions o£.the. ■ heavy, strain they,have.borne since | the commencement of the war.: Having accepted conscription, Canada should experience no difficulty in raising her half.million men, while Australia can he relied upon to courageously face the vital (pies-' tion.of reinforcements either by. voluntary recruiting or- conscnp-1 tion. There is no. doubt that New Zealand is approaching the most critical phase in her whole history, and.the question of conserving the, remaining man-power of the Do-; : minion to exorcising the minds of our political .leaders and impressing the rank and file of members of Parliament, As has been shown by a. northern contemporary, worked out in proportion to tlie respective fighting, strength, if «New. Zealand provides JOO,OOO soldiers, Canada's contribution should be 704,000 and Australia's j '440,000;-and further, and this is' an exceedingly important phase of ,- the' question, "if New Zealand':. raj;eof : reinforcements is maintain ! c.d for the next twelve .months, at the end of tliflt time she will have sent nearly one in two of hpr total fighting strength, and nearly onethird of her/male proportion over the age of ten."' -Hence the persistence with which the question is being asked: "Is this a load such ft country as this should be : called to bfiar, now that for the asking, there are millions of Amer- : Scans available for training, and \ i within easy reach of the 'tiring , line"? Our legislators must re-., solutely face the question, for it is■ i undeniable that this young eouu-' j try;;will face a grave situation,: within, the next twelve months if j i all fit; single and married Men' of' ] military age are sent- on- ootivo 'm< ' ( .vice,*;'/New. Zealand's financial ob-' ] Ijgatjons are piling up enormously 'i and'seffleong must bear the burden..'.] It. 'is:; submitted that the Po-i t minion's civil business will be' ( i seriously interfered- 'wi"tli, r ut anil" > i it j$ .inevitable;, that. 'the ..coti-l scription of 30,000 of the most im-f I portaiit taxpaying,'' revehiie-eafe-'' jng .'Mass > will be attended witii

wiliu'ficc, - to' tyjiy; tilio tiiHlmiralili; p6«ilioir which wjll bV croiiluilbydliorcinoviiloftliclioad of the house 'where there are young children, and its deieterioils. effect upon the upbringing and'education of ..the rising generation.' Parliament musf review the whole question of our.reinforcements and fix future quotas more commensurate with the capacity of a growing country and with due regard to the Dominion's domestic needs.

Tim will of the Me Mr,Ho.bwt Glentliniiig has been filed in the Supreme Coni'V I'd* private. Ttie value of his cstnte and assets is set down at about 01)0,000.

-Tlio local Defene Office has been ad< vised that the following convalescents will return to Oamnru by to-night's express from the north:—Privates Keith and Hasclwood (baiiiarii), Orr (Toka' vahi), Russell (Oteknike) and Day.

A debate will'take place to-night lii the Colnmbn Church Hall between members nf the Colnmbn Gnili't and the Waitald Boy' 3' High School. The subject of. the debate will be "That flip time has arrived when the State should take control of the industries as a wai' measure," The affirmative will ■ lib taken by Colombo, -the Waitakiaiis taking the negative. Mr A. E, Lawrence will be the adjudicator.

A new arrangement has been authorised which will greatly facilitate the paying out'of peiißions by the Post Office, It is now permissible in Ike case of old-age pensions and military ami war pensions for payment to be made on and froni\ the 23rd of the month preceding the due date of pension, which meaus that pensions due and hitherto paid on the first of any month will now' be receivable at any lime from the 23rd of the preceding month. The new arrangement will come into operation on the 23rd of the current month.

. The Waitaki Acclimatisation .Society, which recently organised a deer driv& in order to secure venison, for the sale of which, on behalf of patriotic purposes, they secured the special permission of the Minister of Internal Affair?, announces that an auction sale of (he venison secured will take place at Tat:ersall's auction rooms to-morrow at-2,30 [}. iii. The venison has been dressed by the Pukeuri butchers, and is in prime j condition, There are several large haunches and smaller cuts off cample.e carcases, beside smaller haunches. Purchasers may rely upon securing smaller cuts if so desired. The proceeds of the sale will be divided equally on behalf of the war work of the Y.M.C.A. and the Salvation Army.

I The success or the recent vaudeville 'concert, given under the auspices of the ! local branch of the Victoria League lo t ratse funds for the carrying on of their work was acclaimed by all who attended [thii concert. The returns from the effort 'which, by the courtesy of the joint seevotaries, it is now possible to make pub Ho, indicate an achievement even greater ■tiinn :w.ib'at-first anticipated, and tin oviginatora and managers of the undertaking deserve unqualified praise for the success of t\e whole effort. The total recoipts amounted to £155 4b Cd made up as follows: Tickets £ll3 Ida, fid, miction £lO, programmes £ls, sweets £7a

u3. The expenditure, consisting of theatre vent, 'advertising, and printing was £l.l Is, so that the balance to be handed over to the League is £144 2s Gil, The joint secretaries desire to record

<hetr lliaiika to the following ladies tfno liitderfoqli the stage de&rations on the occasion; }Jcsdnmcs Douglas, n, Meek, 'Darling, and E. B, Irvine.

The curtailment of racing in New Zealand has 1 the warm approval of - the f'ydnoy Telegraph which says:—"When llic war started, and it was regarded as a '.'.'.alter of sending 20,000 troop?, there was no need to call for the curtailment cf any legitimate amusement;:. But now that has raged just on throe vears and .'!(!0,000 of the llower of Australian manhood haw gene to the battlefield, while urgent calls are ntndo for those- who s;ill remain, a totally different position presents itself. The large number of ablebodied men who in one way or another manage, to live on (ho racing gamble arc all needed, either at the front or to replace in the ranks of productive industry those who have been called away. If they are riot fighting they should lie earning somelhhig to supply the needs of these who are. To restrict racing would have the effect of compelling many of them to find other occupations. Tt would also make available for war purposes a great deal of money now spent in a way that gives no tangible return,"

The fortnightly meeting of the Hope ■ of Maheno Lodge 1.0.0. F. was held in jtlic toiljo rofiiii on Saturday evening, -the N.'G. of the lodge, Bro, D. Morrison, presiding over a good attendance. The N.G., in moving that a letter of condolence be sent to the parents of the ! late Bro, Jaekmnn, spoke eiilogistically ( of their young comrade, who was the fourth member of the Maheno Lodge to give his life for tho Empire, A candidate for membership was duly initiated into the mysteries of the Or--dor. Af.cr routine business had been attended to, D.D.G.M. Bro,' A. Crichton, agisted by Bros, Burns, Bulkeley, Scott I and FitMimmons, installed the follow- , ing officers for the ensuing term:XP.G,, Bro. D. Morrison;'N.G.,'Bro.' I I A«g»s; y.G, Bro. JJ. Marshall) , retary, Bro, A, Lindsay; Treasurer, Bro, 6. Saville; Conductor, Bro. A, A, , Muldrew; Warden, Bro.; A, Walson | Chaplain, Bro. M. Baxter; R.SXG., | Brd.-A; McLeod; L.S.N.G., Bro. 11, ■Garrodus; 8.8. V.G., Bro. A. Kroll; : L.S.V.Q,; Bio, W, Brown; E.S.S. ,and L.S.S., Bros. J, Marshalls and M.Neili; •1.6.,- Bro. A. Weir. A hearty vote of thanks was accorded the installing nji: cer-s, which was acknowledged by D.D.G.M. Bro. Crichton.

For Chronic Chest/Complaints, Woods' Great Peppermint Cure.'" ' ; '.'•."".' ! ■." V l/6, 2/6.

' Lust ywii lite Sulfation At my supplied J,ls,'vSlo meals nl cheap looil ilc puis, iiml I,lill,!l7l cheap loilj-uigs JOl llio homeless, ami 11111,8011 met. U\v sup plieil Viith flotk (temporary nn(l pennaiient), At the various women's and girls' hostels 276,585 lodgings have been. occupied, and help has been rendered in 5204 instances, as to situations, or assisted in various other ways. Several soldiers' hostels have bcou opbued; -in London, Major-General Sir' Francis Lloyd speaks highly of these hostels for the soldiers, as does H.R.H, Princess Arthur of Connmiglit,

The South Canterbury.- Acelimntisation Society have decided to make a systematic effort to destroy the sling rookeries which are known to exist, in their district. For this purpose a-man. is to be employed in the /breeding season to do no other work than to watch the rookeries anil shoot the birds as tliey fly, to and from them, thus preventing the ineubationn of a large number 'of, eggs, and the parent birds from carry-' ing food to their young. It is believed this will be much more effective than buying shags' heads at 2s (id eaFn, in which way .the Society spent &43 last •year.' 'ln tTin meantime the purchase of heads will be discontinued.

Among, the-prominent athletes who have lost their lives in the air is Sergeant .1. N. (L'Jininiy") Penrose, a Christehureh man, one of the best known boxers in the Dominion. lie had a very, successful ring career, both as an amateur and as a professional, and his gameness, tremendous.hitting power, and knowledge of boxing generally placed him in the first rank of Xew Zealand's light-weight fighters. He represented the Dominion at the Australasian Championships in 1912. Shortly afterwards he ■ became a professional, and on May 15,191 i>, he met Peter Cook for the lightweight championship, but lost in seven rounds. His most memorable fight was-that against the Australasian and New Zealand champion James Hagerty, who fought the last fight and took the final count at Gallipoli. Penrose, with his natural determined instinct for fighting, went to the war as a machine-gunner, and was killed in action at Messines. lie was one of the cleanest, keenest, and most popular niau ever seen in the ring here.

Several defects in the methods employed in the teaching of arithmetic in schools were! touched on by Mr W. A, Burnside in the course of an address delivered at a conference in Christehurch, between inspectors and teachers. In the preparatory classes, less concrete and more abstract methods of teaching numbering were advocated. Some children, after a year or more of schooling, he said, were still counting only by the number ten, and this despite all aids that humanity could devise in the way of beads, buttons, sticks, and other appliances, In the middle standards less attention should be paid to the mere formal setting out of arithmetical exercises, which were often absurdly elaborate, Speed should not be sacrificed to formality; accuracy and speed should be the first consideration, and formality the last. Speaking of the teaching of higher branches of mathematics, Mr Burnside advocated the use of simple fractional methods, use of algebraical symbols wherever practical, and a wider use of the graph, The aim of this branch of instruction was not to train children to be eminent arithmeticians; what was needed was a system of training in mathematics such as could be applied to the needs of everyday, life.

Many cases have occurred in tliis country in which persons charged with an indictable offence have been acquitted on the ground that they were in.mho at the time of the commission of the offence. As a good deal of misapprehension appears to exist in the minds of many as to the period of control which the State can exercise over such individuals, a' Post reporter approached the Hon, J, A, llanan on the subject.-The Minister said that the Mental Defectives Act, 19.1]', provides that in all such eases the Court shall order the prisoner to be confined in such institution or prison as it deems fit until the pleasure of the Minister of .lnsticc is known, and it is lawful for.him to be transferred to any other institution or prison. The same Act provides that, if the offence is not punishable by death or imprisonment for life, the Minister may, if after inquiry lie is satisfied that such person is of sound mind, or if he is harmless, discharge him by warrant in writing, or release him on probation, and if the conditions of the probation are broken to re-arrest and return him to the institution. If, however, the offence is punishable by death or impris-' onment for life, then the power to discharge such prisoner or grant him release on probation shall b? exercised bv the Governor, and not by the Minister,

Writing in the Sydney Morning Herald, Sir Henry Lucy -remarks that there is a contingent eousequeneeof the active participation of the United States in the war. He writes: "We ami others who have in various ways more or less acutely sufforoi from the war, find comfort in the assurance that generations yet unborn will profit by it. When the Kaiser and his bloodthirsty crew are hounded out of Germany, the unholy lust for war upon which their • iiystematised action was founded will also, according to the desir-j and hope of masses of the community, finally disappear. Consequently, there will be a general reduction of the "ostly armaments hitherto to a large extent maintained by drafts upon tho scanty purses of the wage-earnor, Given such condition of things, the mency ani.aally. paid would in time cover even th.. fabulous sums that have vanished in smoke on many battlefields. Great Britain, Russia Prance, and Italy might reasonably be expected to join in such a pait of p;ace. Prospect of realisation of the millennium is made infinitely nearer nr\(| clearer by the accession, of the United States to the family party. Finally, breaking this long-established national policy of avoiding war by isolation from European quarrels, America, "entering the circle, brings with her imperative adhesion to the principle of settling .international difficulties by other mea'n.s, than recourse to arms."

> i Aocmdiilg to the latest ftllotmcnli ot shipping 'jjtfi'M' fen ilieiic L\ Helton will lii 1 ulilc In semi m\:i\ Hill) miili", Dimedin llOUl) unit i, iim! the Mull MKfl) fii'ftles , )

A cubic iressagp fiorn London fitntei that a small shipment of Otago apples i arrived for exhibition at "the Horticultural Show in splendid condition, though! : 'ft fow were' '.pitted,'' ■ Mr F, G, tyinc.ai/. tho'grower, has presented his Majesty'! Iho King and Queen Alexandra with \ samples of the different varieties.The Chief Postmaster ndvisesN that the British Tost Olt'iee reports that mails for New* Zealand dispatched from t London on the.3lst May by a P. y and. 0, Company's, steamer via! Suez/liqyf been lost v at sea. They comprised lettern on hand from IGth May to 31st May and printed papers on hand from the ]Glh to tho .Mlt Mar.' Mr A. Smith, who has, supervision of . the tobacco fund .branch of pe-acti-vi- ■, tics of the Oamani branch of Inrbver' • seas Club, has just the Central Office in I.omlon a ilfaft for £8 lils 9d, fo be applied to providing soldiers with ' smoking materials, The amount cornprised collections by the following:— Mrs Gordon £,'{; Mrs McAughtrio (Knrow), ii 13s (Id; Mr D. Collctt (McCallnm aujl Co,), fl' I.Bs': , ; j Miss 0. Smith (Wharfe s'r'eet),' "£1;"' Mrs A. Kearns, Ss. ■ The importance of handwork in the. development of both the physical and mental powers of children attending primary schools was referred to by Miss E. Wilson in thetfoursp of aiijaddres.3,.. given at the annual 'nicetingJbKilfeij Auckland Educational Institute. In the" edncation.of the ehild, said Miss mental development received foremost attention, but in order to develop tlie mental powers, the imagination, also the powers of observation, must be brought to bear, and proper training in handwork, as demonstrated in different forms]' of modelling, brush-work,' etc., was of" great value in this direction. A meeting of the Steward Settlement Waterraee Board was held on Saturday morning in tlie County Cham- - bers. Mr J. G. Macdonal,! (chairman) presided, and there were also present.:, Messrs D. Williams, J. Henderson, and. i< P. Lister, An apology for absence was received from Mr J, King, who requested that Mr Macdonald might lake charge of his notice of motion regarding rates, Accounts amounting to £]? M-3 were pas:ed for payment. The caretaker reported that several part's of the race were in a very weak condition; more so than in any previous"winter. He suggested a trial of coilerete or timbering to stop the leakage. It, was resolved that the board inspect the, leakages at Messrs Millmine's, Scott's, and Davis' properties on Thursday afternoon next,' It was thought that clearing the race around the leaks and refilling the holes with clay would be the most suitable remedy. It was decided to inviie tenders for clearing the head race of kit, the conditions to be had from the caretaker.. The necessary resolution, of . which , notice had been given,,.providing fori;.;, rate of 9-1 Gd of a penny in the £, was r".-?eaY'-' ~, -Tfo Up bi-annual,,, cirawjj,.. parade . of the Oamaru Loyal Lodge was held last evening when about fifty members composed of Lodge No. 23 under the president -Airs Kay and Lodge Xo. 19 under 'he Master, Brother J. J. Harvey, nded lit St. Luke's Church. The Yen. ' Archdeacon Russell conducted the sertiee, taking as his text the Epistle of .Hide, verse 3: "And exhort you thrt ?'c should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints." Archdeacon Russell Based his address on.the principles of the Orange Lodge. To enable the congreraHon to understand the principles of tn« lodge the Archdeacon read them, tk Kembcrs of the Order standing. .' The . principles were as follows: (1) Obedl ~. ence to f,lie Sovereign and to the laws ' of the land; (!!) the rights of all to '" religious tolerance; (,1) adherence to the Protestant faith; (-1) no tolerance of Romish aggression and error; (5) to guard the weak and defenceless; (6,1 (o-recognise the Bible, as the Word of God and to encourage all to study it. The preacher then addressed the members of the lodge, appealing to them tVcarry out in their lives the precepts contained in an acrostic .of'tho word . orange which was: Oppose all evil; '" ' read your Bible; attend your church regularly; never take God's name in vain; give your love and faith to Gall; and, lastly, ease the burden of yourieif .- low men, In regard to the fourth line in the acrostic nothing marred our soldiers so much as the way tire Lord's name was defiled by them, He liojlbil sincerely that the lofge would secure, many more members.