THE NELSON EXAMINER. Nelson, June 17, 1843.

Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle, Volume II, Issue 67, 17 June 1843, Page 266

THE NELSON EXAMINER. Nelson, June 17, 1843.

Le# journaux deviennent plus n&essaires a mesure que les homme* sont plus egaox, et 1* individualisme plus a craindre. Cc senut' diminuer lew importance que de croire qu' iU ne servent qu' a garantir la liberty : Us maintiennent la civilisation.

Db TocaufiviLLE. De la Democratic en Amerique, tome 4, p. 220.

Journali become more necessary m men become more rqual, «nd individualism more to lie (eared. It would be to underrate their importance to suppose that they serre only to sscure liberty : they maintain civilization. DX ToCaUKVILLK. Of Democracy in America, vol . 4, p. 202.

The great distress which has existed in England during the last eighteen months has induced many men, who previously troubled themselves but little about aught besides their own immediate interests, to give their attention to the subject, with the view to devise some means for alleviating the condition of the working classes ; and among the numerous schemes that have been suggested, emigration has appeared to many to be the most feasible. Some of the plans proposed for forwarding this desirable object appear to us to possess more novelty than wisdom ; and however much they might relieve the labour-market at hornet by drawing off a portion of the unemployed, they would confer but little advantage on those who emigrated. We have been led to these remarks by reading in a Sydney paper the following extract from the Colonial Magazine :—: —

"That lands should be chartered in the colonies to every parish in England; that they should form a corporation, under proper guardians ; every parish, at present, appropriating a sufficient moiety of rates to draft off as many able-bodied poor as might be willing to emigrate, to make provision for more, year after year, with a proprietary to themselves *ln die lands cultivated, by way. of per centage, or otherwise, as might be derised, with a reverting

appropriation to the mother country, for the purpose of endowing altnshouses for the lame, the blind, and the aged,"

Here is certainly shown how funds may be raised to meet the expense of transporting the unemployed labbur of the mother country to the shores of her colonies, but not a word is said of how the poor paupers are to be maintained during the time which must necessarily elapse between their arrival and the period when their allotted waste lands shall yield the wherewith to sustain life. Really, gentlemen in England, who write articles on emigration for magazines and and newspapers, appear to think that if the labourer can but squat on a few colonial acres his wants and cares are at an end ; and have yet to learn the rudiments of what they vainly profess to teach — that, without due proportions of capital and labour, no system of emigration can possibly succeed,

There are, doubtless, many thousands of the industrious classes in Britain who would willingly endure privation and hardship for a time, if there were a fair prospect that future comfort and independence would be the reward of their industry and perseverance : but are inmates of workhouses the, class of men likely to do this ? An arrangement, such as the New Zealand Company offer to their labourers in this settlement, viz., partial employment until they can bring into cultivation the land which they have taken, is, perhaps, the best that can be made, as it enables the really industrious, by a temporary sacrifice of some personal comfort, to acquire an early independence. But no labourer can, without capital, rent land and cultivate it on his own account, unless assistance of some kind be rendered him.

Another defect in this scheme, and which alone would be fatal to its success, is, that the majority of those who would be likely to emigrate are precisely those that are not yet wanted in the colonies. What could the emaciated and half-starved manufacturer and artisan do with the spade and axe ? If the finest tract of country in the world were given to them, the " reverting appropriation to the mother country " would never benefit the " lame, the blind, and the aged," that might remain behind.

The natives residing at the Motuaka are already showing that a settlement of Europeans in their neighbourhood will work a great change in their habits. They are beginning to despise the miserable hovels in which they have hitherto dwelt, and are employing carpenters to build tfcm houses after the English fashion. The chief Apeko has taken for a model the house built by Captain Wakefield, and is about to erect one like it in all respects. It gives us pleasure to announce this sign of advancement in civilization, because we believe it to be a highly important one.

After a passage of between five and six months, the St. Fauli, with German immigrants, arrived here on Wednesday last. She left Hamburg on the 4th of January, but put into Bahia, where she remained three weeks. • The passengers are Mr. Beit and family (amounting, we believe, to fourteen), two Lutheran missionaries, and an English gentleman from Bahia. Mr. Beit is a large purchaser of land in this settlement, having five allotments, and, we understand, is appointed German Consul. The immigrants are partly mechanics aud partly labourers ; many of the latter are from the Rhenish provinces, and are acquainted with the culture of the vine. We yesterday witnessed the landing of the first boat, and several immediately betook themselves to the hill side and examined the soil, which they pronounced to be well adapted for vine growing. They all appear in high spirits, and will no doubt make valuable settlers. Notwithstanding the prolonged passage, and that destructive disease the small-pox making its appearance on board three weeks after sailing, only four children died. A salute was fired from the shore on Thursday morning, when the St. Pauli came into harbour.