FRUIT INDUSTRY

Nelson Evening Mail, Volume L, Issue 175, 6 October 1917, Page 2

FRUIT INDUSTRY

SPRAYS AND SPRAYIXO. . __; A \ I X STRUCT JYK P Al ' KR. (Paper <>;> Sprays an,! Spmy ing by Mr Thus. C. ('.' Scott,' Stoke ofchardjst, r-'ad before the Stoke Fruitgrowers' Association. Frjdav, 28th September. 1917.) Xo. 5. Having Mealt i'nllv with I.lack spot and ils met hods of control. 1 wiil now oca! brieilly with each of Iho other (.lis-ca.-e- a- mentioned in. the Stoke, lis|. aioi give file best nic'i'w for their con ■ t )•■ i. This, of course, iue:ms control tind< r Stoke climatic conditions, and as 1 lil by me to he most effective. At tiie same tin!'- 1 will ijvc ot iier orchard i-is' expei ien< -..\s for the -a'-'.c of cum ;.,iiisoii. ROW |,im!V mili>kw. I find that whole spra\ing for black spiil l iiir- tungus di-ease can ;i!so he kept i>. cheek. . not. absolutely wip4'.l out. ..ir.iv rhilds .-ay.- that .domic sulphur is lairly effective, hut iron sulphide is tin- most effective spray of ail for powders tciidey, . His formula fur mak- !!!■: iion sulphide i,- as follows: —lOlbs copperas (suspend in 40 gallons, of water in a 50-galioo c-odi). \Vhen dissolved add ~> gallons !i;;ie sulphur solution. Stir and allow this to settle 2 to r> Imur.s. Examine the clear Ii*•«11-c£ in a and add a few drops of nine sulphur cciiceiitrate. Jf there is a black residue adt\ A-gallun limo sulphur ami .stir again. Tcs; again till no further precipitate ci-curs on addition of lime sulphur. .i,j;ii-i oi)' the top .liquid to the. black muck. Fill barrel and again allow to settle, drain oil" and fill again, when it is then ready for use. Ten gallons of litis makes iCO gallons of spray. f have tried Tin's' iron 'sulphide for' powdery mildew on trees very subject to tins i!i:--<-a.<e. but \\ it h indifferent, resuit. 1 also tried atomic sulphur, bid this .still left- somefhiuc to be desired. On using lime sulphur as outlined for blfck spot I was entirely successful in getting rid oi the. powdery mildew on such varieties as Adam's Pearmain, Jonathan and Lord Wolfley. S. ><• . Foster says that atomic sulphur is a good mildew spray when used at 121hs ir> ICO aa'dons winter applications and lOlbs to 100 gallons summer applications. He claims that it stimulates vigorous foliage growth and is very adhesive. This spray is an excellent one for grape, mildews, 12!bs to 100 gallons soon after growth starts and again when shoots are 9 to 13 inches long. Thou again before bloomrig. Bordeaux mixture does not give satisfactory control of powdery unildew. CO ill. IX MOTH. As a general practice, the first codlin moth sprav. 31bs of arsenate of lead to ICO gallon's of water is applied at the calyx spraying with iiiri e sulphur or whatever fungicide is imod. This spray combines readily with lime sulphur, atomic sulphur, iron sulphide or Bordeaux. 1 always add about oils of quick lime whenever using arsenate of lend, and last season sprayed the whole orchard five times with this spray. x ere were r.at a dozen apples infected with the grub. Too much arsenate of lead will burn, so care must be exercised in weighing exact quantities, and the spray .mist u t« agitated to the last drop. Hoed niver conditions only require three sprayings with arsenate of lead, but icy experience, in this locality .shows that. ;.i least live are required for codlin moth. a-:d one late spraying in March for ic:tf roller. LEAF ROLL-EL-. Spiny particularly for this pest in Jaiiu. iv and February. The late spray must b".- • -orough on all fruit, especial1\ v. acre ther 0 are bunches of fruit. Then w- is a wise precaution- to spray al! apples two or three weeks before picking th'iie. '■ n'lOM' especially if the fruit is to be r-ucod away. Mreugth at ail arsenate of leal sprayings-, ..Übs ut, 100. .REP S PIPER. I As lime suinhur spraying is a very effective check'on bull the brown mite aii.l the common n-1. spider, no.better rentedv can be given. The . siiiiimfi' spraying of lime 'sulphur keeps a continual check on these, pests, but if if too pronounced. i:dd black leaf .j to the lime sulphur spray, 1 in 1200. Another useful spray is kerosene emulsion, and serves tlie purpose Well, but winter dressing's of Gargoyle r prepared red spraying oil and iime sulphur completely keeps, it under control. MUSS I'LL STALE AND' SAX JOSE. The best remedy for scale I have found, to be winter sprayings of 1-15 t.argovle. prenared red spraying oil. Lime, sulphur at winter strength 1-10 is a perfect control. ORE EX APPLE APHIS. As this pest passes the entire season O'i the apple- tree, it- should be easilv ■eontrolled 'by spraying with lime sub | phur. first, in winter, if the disease is j very -ad, then the delayed dormant.! and* later if some "have been missed add j black leaf -,0. ~,-, After the leaves curl with tins disease kerosene emulsion would cbf no good, but tobacco is effective by suffocation. PEACH APHIS. Winter spraving with Gargoyle ■.preparer..: rcl spraying mi is n good --er.iedy. I find that- two sprayings of lime: sulphur completely checks the aphis. 1 in 10 as the green tip is showing and 1 in 25 on the pink buds. -These sprays also check peach curl, coral spot, brown -. rot and aphides. WOOLLY APHIS. The usual remedies for this annoying pest are oil. tobacco and lime sulphur* Spraying for woolly aphis imi\t at all times be very ..thorough and with high pressure. .Ih'o general diree-ion of the spray must be up. One seoson I fined tiiat' two sprayings in tlie winter^ with Gargoyle prepared spraying id 1-15 and 1-25 were very effective. Black leaf 40 in the summer with the lime sulphur also helps to keep it down, but the best way to cope with this pest is I to sprav w"ith Gargoyle prepared red spraying oil thoroughly. 1-60. immediately the fruit is picked ofil- the tree. PEACH LEAF CUEL. Mauv growers prefer Bordeaux spray for this 'disease, but 1 hnve had infinitely hetter results with lime sulphur 1-10 followed 10 days to a fortnight later with 1-25, as stated in- the, experiment pamphlet issued by the Stoke Association. Even the one d.-elaved dormant lime sulphur 1 10 will 1 give snlen- ! did ;■ suits. T>ut to go further and give j 1 C 5 as well will check other diseases in | our plums and peaches, such as brown i rot. coral spot., shot hole fungus and ! oladder plum.