WAR NEWS BY MAIL.

Mataura Ensign, 13 January 1916, Page 2

WAR NEWS BY MAIL.

AROUND SALONICA. ALLIES WELL ESTABLISHED. VATHOS OF "THE R El-EC. KES. (Sydney 'Sun' Cables). [\l'r E. Ward Rriee, official representative of the .Hritish press in the Kastern Mediterranean, writes:— 'We are securely established at Saloniea, and on the Cbahidic Eeninsnla to advantage.' \Ye have exchanged steep, inaccessible crests for a broad, open field across a ,hare plain thoroughly suitable for artillery. Driving out of Saloniea to the Mriiish trencho, along the Lenibet Road one sees wretched' strings, of the foot-weary refugees that form part of the picture of every Halkan campaign. 'Hitter experience has Taught them to move on as soon as the begin massing and tliey pile up their wretched bedding on a crazy. h>p_heeled cart, hitch on a sore-backed horse, and hoist up their dirty, sallows'kinned babes, who are held up by parehment-l'aeed grandmothers, and the unhappy, hopeless throngs set out, waiting in crowds for permission to pass over the bridges. They are the llotsani and jetisam fit war. •'On the other hand, there are interminable strings of supply carts, mules, and horses, generals on horseback, motor cycles, and motor lorries. and inarching' detachments in long caravans of Crook laborers who are going out. road-making."

ENEMY OFFICERS DEPRESSED. SriCMDKS FRKQI'IvNT. The Daily .Mail' correspondent at Tetrograd stale* that neutral officers from Cermany report that in consct|\ienee oi' depression, suicides arc abnormal. Three out of 11 Oormau officers in one boarding-house look their live.. Kvervwhere it is whispered thai 100,0<K> were killed in the fruitless auiiiiiiii campaign in Russia. The dream of a separate peace lii'. Faded away. The cost of living is so high I lint the poor classes are compelled ' io t>o hungry. The scarcity of food in linn gai'v i>s pitiable. The Ooveriimcul itakmg over slocks, and is establishing 10 setn of food tickets in January. Yet, while the idea prevails ilia; (ienuany is threatened with destruction, the people will light. WHOLE WAR REVIEWED. Tin-: (tk.rman standpoint.

'flit 1 •Frankfurter Xeitune;,' in (!>•■ first review to l>i' published in i.'crmanv of the whole war, admits titiii intention- against Franc • have not been fulfilled. 'l'lie It :i is campaign, which was broken nil' beyond the Poland fortress area e:V-t of \'ilna. was a glorious victory, but the irntii of tlie contention of Clausewiu, the niiliUtrv writer, is> admitted—that it iitnpossible to secure the formal conf(iiest of Knissiji. The. battle on the west front beginning in October was, the paper said, the. greatest defensive struggle in history. The Balkan campaign, joining' Germany up witli .Bulgaria and Turkev, and separating Russia from the ■Western Powers, finally solved the 'Balkans problem. Germany's enemies ;u war, under Kilobaud's leadership, conducted a far-reaching policy. Fngland eollecte<l a mighty coalition, held tin Balkans in suspense, brought in lialv. and involved the I'uited States in th - gravest conflict villi the Central Pow ors, bul did: not succeed on the batib - held. Realising the impossibility < forcing the lines on the we-:t, -lie decided to force the Dardanelles. Tlie plan was yjood, bin the execution wa> wretched. It might have succeeded if. immediately upon Turkey's intervention, F.nglail'd had forced her way through tlie Dardanelles with larg > arinic'-, but Turkey's rapid advance o • the Suez Canal deceived and terrifii ! ihe Knglish, and, under German ad vice, gained time tor the Central Po.-, - ers, which made the undertaking hop - loss. At it was. the Dardanelles a;10111 pt was made with too weak force-; and the land attack was not sufficient!* comprehensive. London then hoped to involve th. TJalkans, but had not the courage twithdraw troops from the 'Dardanelles, admitting defeat. Now the with drawal has taken place through Turk-ii-.li fire. Tin l same game was repeated in Macedonia, which was a difficult campaign, unch'rtaken with inadequate resources, and was a miserable failure. t|t was being Continued at Frane< 's dtniand. "We have broken the spell Kino- Fdward laid on lis." the .paper concludes, "and wo stand victorious from Arras to Bagdad." CERMANS IN CONSTANTINOPLE. Gorman-uniformed police are doing duty in Constantinople, and a portion of the army from the Dardanelles iiiilso there. German munitions and rifles are arriving daily. HATINC THE CERMANS. TURKS RF.YOLT. The 'Daily News' enrrO'-pondon t in Athens states that a committee of the Gorman Legation in Constantinople redrafted the martial law roan la I ions making ihem more strict. iMany British and French subjects were then paraded in the i-dxeets. transported, and imprisoned in flu 1 interior. Talat Bey (.Turkish Minister of the .'lnterior) visited Aueoi'a to quieten a revolt due to the Germans having seized metals and provisions. Then he went on to the Karaidc'in mines to calm the miners who had revolted against their iGorman masters. The Turkish detcrstation of Gorman rule is growing. The price- of food ha.* trebled. GERMANY TOTTERING. AViH AT A M FRICA BKI A FY FS. The London 'Daily Telegraph's' New York correspondent says that the- press there is unanimous in predicting that Germany is nearer defeat n<>.\ than iC'eat Britain imagines. American •sources of newis from the Central Finpires prove that the reserves of food iind men in Germany ai'e almost ended, and when they are exhausted the struggle must collapse. AYall Street is confident that, the war will end in 191(5. Hankers in constant touch with the Kuropean capitals are most optimistic and declare emphatically that the Germans are already beaten despite, their military eosscs. All American financiers say that eoiiuncri'iallv an«f economically ■Germany is tottering, ami' this is ivHecied in the extraordinary depreciation of her currency. The necessities <:T life in Germany ami Austria have advanced in price 70 per cent., and are istill rising at an enormou-; rate. The financial authorities of the I'nited States are firmly convinced that when the taxpayers in Germany are really hungry the war must collapse.

DEATH FOR DECEPTION. A Paris court-martial condemned ki death a chauffeiir and a jockey tor haying artificially produced sores on their bodies on t hi* eve oi : the* Cha lujpagiic offensive, i hereby deceiving I lie doctors. MORE DEADLY CASES. nc.v KXPicimi icxis. A story I’roni Switzerland is to the effect, that (ierman chemioi-. are feverishly working upon the compos! I lon oi new diabolical gases for war purposes. PAINFUL SURPRISE FOR FOE. The Paris •.Matin' states that M. Don mergin' i French Minister for ihe ■Colonics) has returned from Peirograd, where he interviewed the Czar anil generals. “HnsMa,” he naid, "luis painful surprises- in store for (Jernmny, who has not suspected her re!il sirenglh.” BRITISH ARMY CHANCES. XKW CRIKK’S ACTIVITY. iMajor-Ccneral Sir William Robertson, the new Mritish ('hiel-of-Staff, is drastically reorganising the general staff, and rapidly and rnthln-idy changing its personnel. He has appointed a new director of military operations,- and' created the position of Director of .Military Intelligence. The War Office is restricting commissions to men who have completed the recruit’s course or its equivalent. and preference will he extendm!’ to those who have served abroad. This will mean great extern-ions of promotions from tile ranks. The change is due to Alajor-Ceneral Sir William Robertson's reforms. ( ENEMY SUBMARINES. j SI'XK I.V MKDITI'.RRAXKAN'. i A Xew York message states that advices from Paris di -close that nine Ans-Iro-Ocrman submarines have been sunk in the. Mediterranean. It is believed that these figures will he exceeded when the returns are officially compiled. > HONGKONG RECRUITS.

A liutnlVor of tin- younuer members of the T{oii{2k«jiiiv police have arrived in London to enlist. j SICK AND WOUNDED FUND. ORKAT EFFORT RY "I'll K TIMES.' ! 'The Time,-;' oa iin>iiiiin In raise ■ •!:a.(HK).OCO for s>Yk" Mini wounded 1 fund before ilie end of I!)l."> siiceer-den*. LMoro th.-m 1" I .<)<!<>.< SCO was received in six weeks. | FICHTINC PARS3NS. I 10,' X) WANT TO EX LIST. J A thousand clergymen have petitioned tlio Bishop of London for v|iorI mission lo join tlio Army. v I ■