SUBMARINE WARFARE.

Hawera & Normanby Star, Volume LXXII, Issue LXXII, 12 October 1916, Page 5

SUBMARINE WARFARE.

THE AMERICAN RAID /- -"- ■:- ■ .

UNITED STATES ATTITUDE Vftft-DEFINED.''/. ■"

LIBERTY OF ACTION RESERVED

".'jtAW CONSIDERED UNBROKEN AS *#£■;. -ft,; ft.v-:';"'ftft .ft YET;/ -ft-V. '• 'ft:

-GERMANY EXPECTS GREAT RESULTS.

.BUT BRITISH SHIPOWNERS NOT ALARMED.

-NEW YORK, Oct. 11. ■The captain of the Greek steamer , JPatris reports that .his. ship was ■stopped at-6 o'clock on Monday morning, 200 miles but. A submarine .fired three shots'/and after signals had been -exchanged he was allowed to proceed, but was again stopped at 4 o'clock in "the afternoon, 60 miles out. The captain is certain that he was stopped by two different submarines. ' • There is much speculation as to the .present whereabouts of the second raider, but there is a consensus of ' opinion that she is hiding, submerged, in the Nantucket shoals. i , America refuses to accept the, Allies' ■contention that neutrals should ; deny j\, the use of their - harbors to all sub-, marines. WASHINGTON, .-Oct. 11. '< The American Note says that the Allies urge neutrals to prevent bellig- ■ erent submarines using neuti'al waters, owing to the facility with' which sub- ' marines can avoid supervision and silr- i veillanee. ' The' Allies therefore hold that, a submarine must be ' fromr' the- benefit of the rules of inter- ' national law regarding the rights of ' war vessels in' neutral waters, and ' warn neutrals of„the,great danger to ' neutral submarines navigating in waters wherein belligerent submarines are operating. >f ; In reply the United States Government expresses surprise that it should -appear to be the endeavor of the Allies •to determine the rules and actions governing what they regard as a novel - situation, and contends that the Allies .have not supplied reason why the rules of international law are inapplicable to submarines.' It therefore refeerves liberty of action in all respects, - and will treat submarines as becomes • a Power which'for more than a cen- - tury has maintained principles of neutrality with a high sense of im- ; partiality. \The Note concludes: '"In order, ho\Vever, that there should be no missunder standing regarding the United ' States' attitude, the Government holds iit to be the duty of a belligerent to - -»distinguish between neutral and belJigerent submarines, and the responsibility for any damage to neutral sub- \ .marines owing to the neglect of a bel- ' ligerent to so distinguish must rest < entirely with the negligent Power." , t JSTEW YORK, Oct. 11. The Tribune advances the theory „ .hat when Berlin recently celebrated ■\the arrival of the Bremen in. America the submarine had actually arrived, but did not enter Newport News, hut %vas getting oil and other supplies from a tender which daily went to sea ostensibly looking for the Bremen and > acting as mother ship to the U53 and other submarines. It is officially stated there is no evidence of a1 submarine hasp in American waters. The New York American contends that the responsibility for the neglect <sf a belligerent to distinguish between neutral" and belligerent submarines rests entirely with the negligent belligerents. LONDON, Oct. 11. Lloyd's has raised the trans-Atlantic -war risks from 30s to 40s. COPENHAGEN, Oct. 11/ Two men from the torpedoed Norwegian steamer Raon have arrived. Four men had perished from exhaiis•tion, while a lif eboat^ with five others .-aboard had been lost. The Norwegian Shipowners' Association is demanding that the Govern•fment take measures to protect Nori j-wegian sailors. - AMSTERDAM, Oct. 11. The Tyd learns from a German source * that German submarines are supplied from submarine transports stationed , at a fixed time and place in the Atlantic. The new submarine campaign ' is the result of a compromise between Herr Hollweg and hi' opponents in the Tteichstag, and the Germans , expect •.great things from attacks on American .mnnition transports. .Reuter Service. I LONDON, Oct. 11. I The secretary of the Liverpool Steamship Owners' Association states that the American submarine raid is -not alarming. The fact that operations are n|t conducted on both sides of the Atlantic showed that the Ger-* mans had insufficient submarines. Our " loss of submarines during the whole war is only ten. NEW YORK, Oct, 11. President Wilson and Mr Lansing had a length v discussion oh the submarine situation. It is believed they consider the law has not been violated, but officials at Washington predict a new Note dealing .with the perils of mssensrers, and whether placing them :;in lifeboats forty miles. from land satisfies American demands.

LONDON, Oct. 11. Lloyd's register states that 469 ftmei^chantinen are in course of construction aggregating 1,750,000 tons, a substantial increase over thatftof 1915.