The Hawke's Bay Herald. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 18, 1890. RACE MIXTURE.

Hawke's Bay Herald, Volume XXXIV, Issue 11125, 18 January 1899, Page 2

The Hawke's Bay Herald. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 18, 1890. RACE MIXTURE.

The exclusion of " undesirables " is one method of dealing with what will be probably the greatest problem the coming century will have to face. The discoveries of science in the nineteenth century have made a wide world a very narrow world. Improved methods of communication and the substitution of means of very rapid transit for slow and clumsy methods of locomotion have given to the present day inhabitants of the globe the opportunity of traversing and re-traversing the surface of the planet in tho space of time which would have formerly been required to cross a small division of a continent under,, infinitely greater difficulties. Those romances dealing with the stags coach experiences of the last century appear wildly improbable to us of this generation. How many taleß there are dealing with the England of that day which represent small portions of a community as interminable wastes, We can only estimate the country of the Doons as it appeared to the old-time Englishman, by thinking of the Sahara, the great western prairies of the States, or by scanning a large scale map of the unexplored portions of the Australian Continent. The moors and wild country in some parts of England, itself only o£ the extent of this North Island of New Zealand, were a hundred years ago represented as the theatre for actions which the romancer of present day events would think absurd if they were confined to a less extent than a continent. "With easier and more rapid modes of transit our ideas have enlarged until the world has become a very much smaller place indeed. Under past conditions the divisions of the Old World -were very sharply defined, not only by the delimitation of frontiers, but by the race peculiarities of the peoples on either side of them. Natural boundaries marked the space in which a distinct race developed, and race and national prejudices prevented any intermingling of such peoples,' except on the smallest scale. Continual wars and hereditary hate kept the individuals of a State confiued within their own boundaries, Podsnaps were common a century since, and there certainly are people of the present day who imagine their country embraces the whole of civilisation,, but they are rarer. Travelling • is so cheaply accomplished, the transit of half a world is so speedy that there are few memberß of a civilised nation who have not once in their lives been beyond the confines of their own country. In the good old feudal days the inhabitants of a district regarded any land beyond their own borders as a place to exploit, and rob, and raid, almost always returning to their old haunts after an expedition against their neighbors, and allowing them to grow fairly rich and prosperous again before they made a fresh incursion ; so through the centuries strong race characteristics have developed among Germans and Englishmen, Frenchmen and Italians, Turks and Austrians, until it is an easy matter to detect a mane nationality. The environs which attend the sojourn of the present dweller of the earth are widely extended, His fathers gravitated in one small circle until the features of his small spot of earth left their brand upon him. Today he roams in half a world, and his character is changing. He meets all sorts and conditions of people, and braves all climea, and his food also is cosmopolitan. It has taken centuries for the peculiarities of the French soil to produce a Frenchman, that of the English soil to produce the Englishman of the present century. The natural boundaries, however, which confined them are no more, -so far as their effect on the nation&l character go. The great spaces between nation and nation have been annihilated by the scientific application of steam to the methods of locomotion. How long will it require the cosmopolitan to develop distinctive features and characteristics ? There are few pure races. Most nations have evolved out of a medley, and history would appear to show that the '-introduction of foreign blood among a people improves the physique and mental qualities of a nation. There are exceptions where a race has remained pure from time immemorial and still retain their powers individually, as witness the Celt, who claims ability to trace his descent from the time of the flood. On the other hand, the Englishman of to-day has evolved from a mixture of nationalities, since a comparatively recent period. There are no nigns of national decay, but on the contrary there has been a distinct advance from century to century. An example of degeneracy through the mixture of utterly diverse bloods is apparent m the inhabitants of the South American States. The Spanish, half-breed is a degenerate compared to bjs stalwart Spanish ancestor, but the Spaniard himself has degenerated, or rather has failed to keep up to the times. The Spaniard of to-day, if taken back to the sixteenth century, might do what his fathers did, but lie is a failure in the matter of progress. While in America the inhabitants of the Southern continent have de clined to a low race level, a new nationality has been evoked in the Northern continent. The Yankee belongs to a distinct nationality. The States are regarded as an offspring of England. The English language is spoken there, and the laws have been English ja their tendency, but the inhabitants, even of the North-eastern States, are not a particular product of English blood. Every nationality o£ Europe is represented in the welding of this new people. The blood of the old Dutch mariners, the volatile Frenchman, the ponderous Teutonic are intermingled, but the eflFJrons of a distinctive character haye /-fi-ected, and the influences on all alike haye produced a separate type. The "Yellow agony " is without doubt the moat serious question Australia will have to deal wi£h in the future. That portion of the Austral continent which lies sweltering under the tropics cannot be worked by the descendants of a. race which have inhabited the colder portionß of the temperate zone from the time there are any records of thehuman race in history. The Northern Territory is an example. In spite of seyfirai efforts to colonise it white men haye fueled, and the Chinese, Japanese, and SJalays find in it their peculiar abode. Australia | cannot keep back the noiseless in- 1 vasion of her northern shores by these Oriental peoples, because they alone can flourish in those climes, and the white man degenerates there or wilts iv tho stifling atmosphere and is incapable of action. A comparison between the numbers of people who travelled a century ago and the number always rnoviug orer the surface of the earth would be interesting. National life as previous centuries have known it is on the decay, and race characteristics will assuredly merge into 'ewer types. It will take a Jong

period for a Chinaman to assume the same aspect, mental and physical, as an Englishman, but the continual meeting of both races on a common ground and the resultant conjunction of the individuals of these races will in time produce a type somewhere between the two, modified by the conditions of the country they inhabit.

On the f ourtli page will ba found reports of the meetings yeaterday of the Napier Harbor Board and of the Hawke's Bay Education Board, a list of tho horses remaining 1 in the Hawke's Bay Stakes, and a letter concerning the recent bowling tournament at Wanganui. John Burke was fined 10s or three days' I imprisonment at the Magistrate's Court yeaterday on a charge of drunkenness. The harbor rates collected from No- j vember 2Gth to December 31st, 1898, amounted to .£12,700 out of a total of .£13,551 due. The Warden has granted three months protection to the Sheridan Goldmining Company. Work in the company's mine has therefore been suspended for the present. The second of this season's Napier wool sales takes place this forenoon at Hoadley's sale rooms, when the various brokers will offer at auction about 4000 bales wool. A proposal is on foot (says the Wairarapa Daily Times) to send a picked team of Maori haka and .poi dancers, whare-builders, canoeists, and carvers to the Earl's Court and Paris Exhibition. Mr Charles Macfarlane, who has been teaching the banjo, guitar, &0,, in Napier foi about three years, has decided to take up his residence in Auckland, having been offered a very lucrative position in musical circles in the Northern city. Mr Park, Government Veterinarian, has examined about 1000 animals in the Hutt Valley, and has not seen all that are to be dealt with. The Karori district has not yet been visited. Mr Park left for the Upper Wairarapa oh Monday morning, and will be busily engaged in that district for some time. The Wellington correspondent of the Auckland Star wires: — A very grave scandal in an important Government department is under investigation, and startling revelations are imminent. Although further information would be premature, enough is disclosed to vaguely indicate an allegation of bribery. A writ of capias to hold a Chinaman, Yay Ong, to bail was granted at Melbourne the other day. T?ay Ong drew Tecoma, second in the Sandhurst Cup, in Tatt's sweep and won J21500. A countryman who gave him Is 3d for a fourth share in the ticket took these proceedings because Tay Ong was about to clear out to China with the lot. Captain Edwin wired at noon yesterday: — "Wind: Strong from west to south-west and south at all places north- . ward of Blenheim, and west and between south-east and south and south-west elsewhere. Barometer rise everywhere. Sea considerable on all western coast; moderate on all eastern coast. Tides generally good. Rain is probable generally." The City Band will play the following programme in Olive-square this evening': — March, "Rolling Home to Dear Old England" (J. Arbuckle) ; cornet solo, " I Dreamt I Dwelt" (Balfe) ; Scottish selection, "Roderick Dhu" (W. , Vines). Interval. Polka, "Boccaccio" (Rosenberg) ; waltz, " Evening Star " (Metcalfe); lancers, "British Fleet" (Linter) j "God Save the Queen." Playgoers will hear with, regret of the death of the once well-known actress, Mias Gwynne Herrick, which occurred at Chrißtchurch on Thursday last. She was for some time a member of Mr*Giattan Biggs' Dramatic Company, and toured the colony with different organisations on several occasions. Latterly she retired from the stage, and had resided in Christchurch, giving lessons in elocution. A meeting of the Napier Fire Brigade was held last night. A number of questions to be brought forward at the annual conference, to be held at Queenstown next month, were discussed. Several amendments were proposed to the association rules. One new member was elected, and two others nominated. Mr W. Gray was appointed delegate to represent the brigade at the conference. A portion of the cypher message from Sergeant Wright was a trifle vague, and was to the effect that "Myers had 20." This was taken to mean that he had only .£2O in his pocket when arrested j though it might mean 20 shillings or penoe ; but it is unlikely that that would be thought worth while cabling. Myers will have to be taken to England before a ship can be obtained sailing for these colonies, so that it is probable he will not reach Wellington to face his trial before the end of March. — Times. Martin Qninn was yesterday at the Magistrate's Court fined 6s and 9s costs for selling " Sola Bitters "as a temperance drink, which contained alcohol. The evidence of Mr Skey, Government Analyst, showed that the liquor contained 21 per cent of alcohol, though a person would have to drink two or three bottles of it before becoming intoxicated. The defendant stated that he had bought the bitters from the make; as a temperance drink, and was not acquainted with the nature of the ingredients. The S.M. said it was the first offence of the kind, and therefore he took a lenient view of the case. Our Waipawa correspondent writing yesterday says : — A wrestling match for £2 10s aside took place on Saturday night between W. M'Greevy and W. Adams. M'Greevy proved the victor. — Mr A, Eobertson, who has held the position of trainer for Mr Eathbone for several years, left yesterday.— Mr Turnbull will commence inquiring into old age pension claims at Waipawa Court-house at noon on Thursday. These will include about 30 sent from the Daneyirke Eegistry and about 15 from the vicinity of Waipawa and Kaikoi-a.— The committee of the Waipawa Eacing Club, accompanied by Mr Percy Martin, met tliis forenoon on the new racecourse. The latter gentleman expressed the opinion that the bend turning into the straight was perfectly safe, but that the straight should be lengthened. The requisite survey will be at once made by Mr Carroll and the work carried out. To do this it is necessary to enoroaoh slightly on a paddock belonging to Mr S. M'Greevy, and that gentleman has expressed his willingness to meet the olub in the matter. Mr George Garry, an erstwhile Napier mnsician, but now residing under the shadow of Mount Egmont, is at present pn a holiday visit to Napier, and he pur- 1 poses t?,k}ng advantage of his stay here to introduce his son Jack, a youngster of fourteen, who gives great promise as a violinist. The boy, who was born in Napier, left this place when very young. He takes to the fiddle as readily as a duck does to water, and when Musin was last in the colony the famous player held out great hopes of young Garry's future. It is proposed to give a grand concert in the Atherueum on Friday evening, when in addition to the boy's performances, Mr Garry himself wjll contribute some cornet solos, amongst wjiich will be " The Lost Chord" (Sullivan), 014 Najiierites will give him the credit pf being a master of that instrument, On this occasion Mr Charjes Macfarlane, banjo soloist, will make his last appearance in Napier prior to his departure for Auckland. Mr J. G. Swan will recite, and others will assist in a programme which promises to be of great ejfceJtenco,. "'Tfte violin polos of Master jaefc Garry," writes an Auckland contemporary, speaking of a ppnoert at the City Hall, "were one of the best features of the concert, The lad is a finished player, and rounds of applause followed each performance," Jessie Remington, the victim of the Mosterton outrage, told the following story in the Magistrate's Court on Monday : — She deposed she was 17 years of age. On Tuesday, 10th instant, she left home about 2 o'olook in the afters noon, pipis a on a man's saddle. She visited £ friend's house about four mijes away. Sjje left the hou^e at about half-past four, and tyfren passing Cook's there W&* sqinobqciy q.fc the dqg kennels. She was wajkjng' fte hprse, Shortly afterwards DougJ^s ciime jjp to her. She knew Pouglas, as she wenE fq sohopj with him some seyen years ago. Ac° U8B( l "arae up to bar and pulled her from the horse, caught hold of Iwr throat and choked her to the ground. He placed one hand round her throat, knelt on her chest, and pulled at her underclothing. Witness itruggled and fought with the accused, and when she screamed accused placed a handkerchief across her mouth. Accused punched her on the breast, and said that if she did not stop screaming be w'otylpV kjll her. She struggled for about hatf- an hour, until she became quite exhausted, and accmsed ;hen had connection with ljer. Before ;his happened accused asked witness her lame, but she refused to tell him. She maw him, however. Atter he had out•aged her aocusjad got up, pulled witness o her feet, and told her to come along vith him. She caught hold of a straining lost and tried not to go. Acpused again umjht her by the throat and choked her j ■way, tbvow hor on the ground, and knelt n her back. Several llines )iu lifted her rom the ground »nd threw her down gain, until she seemed to have no life 3ft in her. Accused then caught hold of er hair, lifted her face up, looked at it, j nd let her again drop to the ground.

After knocking her about, he let her lie on the ground for a few minutes. He then picked her up, and dragged her through the fence. He pulled her across an old dray road, 'and dropped her into some fern, She was picked up again and carried down a bank. As she rolled down accused kicked her on the right leg. She heard the accused open his knife, and she thought he was going to kill her. Instead, however, he cut some fern and covered her over. Accused then went away. She was bruised arid scratched through accused's rough handling of her. After she had been lying under the fern for a few minutes she fainted away. On coming to she thought she heard someone on the road and called out to them, but fainted away again. On waking again she heard the train whistling at Dreyerton, and she got up and ran on to the' road. Consumption is responsible for more deaths than .any other disease. No less than 523 persons die annually in New Zealand from' ; consumption, and aa medical authorities* sow hold the disease to be not merely preventible, but curable, the \ directors of the Australian Widows' Fund- Life Assurance Society have had 10^000' copies of a pamphlet, by Dr. P. Jamieson, printed for gratuitous circulation; ' The society intimate that a copy, of it can be had at their office on application, personally or by letter. ,■; ; '•"-■ ;