THE SAN FRANCISCO MAIL.

Hawke's Bay Herald, Volume XXI, Issue 5307, 14 February 1879, Page 2

THE SAN FRANCISCO MAIL.

EUROPEAN SUMMARY. London, January 20. The Oxford University boat's crew declined to row against tho Harvard crew because of the lateness of the date named. Mr Forstcr, speaking at a soiree at the Bradford Chamber of Commerce, said he did not deny that the strength of protection in the United States was particularly disheartening, but ho thought that no threat of imposing coiiriter-duties would have any effect. The United States would only thereby be provoked to raise an issue to see which side was the strongest. • Besides, such a policy would be impracticable, because, to bring serious pressure on the United States it would be necessary to tax such vital necessaries as wheat and cotton. The North Wales Slate Qu.arrymen's Union has offered the same premium to its members who will emigrate as those offered by the North Wales Miners' Association, namely, £7 to those emigrating to America, and £14 to those desiring to go to Australia. The CJuarrynien's Union offer £2 additional to members emigrating west of Chicago. It is believed that many will accept tho offer, as the smaller quarries mostly remain closed. The cotton mill owners at Preston have given notice of a reduction of wages of from 4 to 10 per cent. . Bismarck has written and caused to be published a letter appealing to the agricultural community of Germany to afford him their united and vigorous support in his work of fiscal reform. He refers to the new duties to be imposed upon imported com and cattle, and expresses his opinion that such taxation has become an unavoidable necessity. At Breslau the police have prohibited the collection of money solicited by i socialist leaders, and have arrested men for soliciting subscriptions in violation of the prohibition. The Czar of Russia has ordered the I authorities in East Siberia to immediately ' despatch an overland sledge expedition to ascertain the whereabouts of the Nordens Kjolds expedition. Major St. Johns, of the British army, was fired upon in. a street at Candahar by a frantic native, but he was not wounded. The man was hanged. A lieutenant of the Royal Artillery was severely wounded and two soldiers slightly 'stabbed with stilettos. The Assembly of Bulgarian notables to elect a Prince is postponed for a week. Mukhta Pasha has decided on Janina as the meeting place for the Frontier Commission. The Greek delegates have been instructed to insist on the cession of Janina. The Greek journals urge the Government to remain firm, on the point. The progress of events in the Afghanistan war shows that the British troops have been victorious everywhere. General Brown occupied Jelalabad without opposition. The Ameer left Cabul on December 10, accompanied by a bodyguard and by General Rasganoff of the Russian Legation. A portion of the Ameer's escort deserted, and returned from ffurkestan to their homes. It was rumored that Yakoob Khan had been proclaimed Ameer by the chiefs ani a large section of the Afghan nation. The truth appears to be that Yakoob was released only on the remonstrance of the Afghan chiefs on the Ameer intimating his intention of fleeing, and Yakoob has been invested with authority subject to instructions from the Ameer, who intends visiting St. Petersburg, whence he will address the European Powers, laying his case against England before them. General Kaufmann telegraphed to St. Petersburg for instruction how to receive the Ameer. The report that Yakoob Khan had appeared at Jelalabad, and tendered his submission to the British |on the 27th December, is untrue. Yakoob endeavored to organise a Government and take measures for defence, but the troops refused to accept him as their leader, and failing their taking an oath to stand by him Yakoob refused to pay the soldiers, and thereupon four regiments deserted. Wali Mahommed refused to obey Yakoob's orders. On entering Jelalabad the British found a proclamation of the Ameer, dated November 11, proclaiming a holy war againqt England, proving that Shere Ali anticipated the Viceroy's ultimatum by nine days. A Calcutta despatch says that before leaving Cabul, Shere Ali wrote to the Viceroy of India, stating that he wouid return to Afghanistan after laying his case before a Congress at St. Petersburg. Major Cavagnari is instructed to receive any peaceful overtures in a very friendly manner. So far, Yakoob Khan has made no sign of fighting. Disturbances in the vicinity of Kyber Pass have occurred. Thd Pass was closed for three days early in the year, except to strong convoys. This compe]lcdforthepreßenttheabandonment > of the project to construct a telegraph through the pass. The usual reports of chaotic confusion in the commissariat and transport departments come from the front. One Sikh regiment has been withdrawn from the field because of the fever, half of the men being sick, and 64 having died. One English regiment has been withdrawn from Ali Musjid because of sickness. A despatch from Hazier says that General Roberts arrived within sight of the residence of the Governor of Khost, who sent in his submission. The Viceroy telegraphs that Syad Mahomed, chief of the Kunar Valley, who sent a friendly letter by Major Cavagnari recently, is expected at Jelalabad. The British under Generals Stewart and Biddulph were within three days of Kandahar on January 4, having made the road across the range, and avoided a conflict upon the ordinary route. The Governor of Kandahar made a call upon the male inhabitants of the province to resist the British, which was generally responded to. The noncombatants left Kandahar, and reported that the Afghans flooded I the valley around the city, and had taken a defensive position beyond to check the advance of the enemy. This was the position of affairs south and nor£h up to the 10th January. A band of Mahsua Wazris recently made an excursion into British territory, plundered the inhabitants, burned a tank, and retreated to the hills. They 1 Avere pursued by cavalry, and part of the band cut off. Reinforcements were sont to prevent a repetition of the raid. Their chastisement was complete. The London Times of January 6th says the rectification of the Afghan frontier will probably consist in- the retention of Pisben Valley, tho Kurrain Valley, and Kyber Pass, but there is reason to believe that the intervening spaces will not b(j Bnu,exe4,

A Calcutta despatch of 'January 7th intimates that General Roberts had reached Kakube on the previous dny. The deputy Governor of Khostcame there and would transfer to the British Commander the forts and records, the latter of which it is supposed contain full information regarding the revenues of the Khost and Khurum districts. The people of Khost were at first unfriendly, but they have been since reassured^ On January 8 a correspondent with the Quettah column announces that the commander of the British advance cavalry had sent back a despatch stating that tho Governor of Kandahar occupied a defensive position on the Tariak River, that Generals Stewart and Biddulph will, commence a joint attack, and they hope to defeat the Governor and enter Kandahar about the 10th. ■ A Lahore correspondent telegraphs that General Stewart's occupation of Krndahar will mark the conclusion of the war. All will then have been done that the Quettah column can possibly do before winter. It is true, he says, that an unlimited discretion has been given to General Stewart, and probably he may project the occupation of Ghirski, an important strategic position, but unless something unforseen occurs the army of Afghanistan will furnish no further intelligence of importance before the beginning of March. The Agence Busse semi-officially admits for the first time that Shere^ Ali has entered Russian territory, saying it believes the news correct, but does not believe he . was accompanied by his troops. A despatch fromHagar, dated January 9th, announces that General Roberts visited the principal fort of Khost, and was saluted by the Afghan garrison. The attitude of marauding tribes around his camp was, however, so threatening that his force passed all that night under arms. A. telegram from Calcutta, of the same date states that General Roberts, finding the hostile tribes were collected in considerable numbers, he attacked them with three small columns, and was completely victorious, Forty troops >of Punjaub cavalry charged the mass of the enemy, killing nearly 300, while the skirmishers 01 the 10th' Hussars drove the enemy from Brouena Quomo. One hundred prisoners, a quantity of grain, and a large number of cattle were captured. The British loss was trifling. The victory is expected to have a great moral effect. A despatch from Calcutta, dated January 13 says that General Stewart's force has marched through Candahar, A despatch from Lahore stated there are strong rumors that Yakoob Khan is quite disposed to make friendly arrangements. The despatch also says General Roberts leaves a small garrison in Khost, that the health of the troops is good, and that they are settling down ' comfortably in their different camps. With wet weather, however, there will certainly come more sickness, but not sufficient to make a serious inroad on the strength of the force. The mast unhealthy positions are probably Ali Musjid and Dakka. The despatch also states that General Stewart's troops having marched through Candahar, encamped on the Ghuznee road, supplies being plentifully offered by the people, who all showed a friendly spirit along the whole of General Stewart's line of march. In fact the population has been very quiet, and there has been no mdlestation of baggage, or. attempts to interfere with the progress of the columns. A correspondent at Tashkand telegraphs, under date of January 13th, that General Kaufinann invited the Ameer to come to Tashkand, but the Ameer cannot arrive there before February sth. _ He also states that credible advices indicate that Yakoob Khan will soon usurp the throne at Cabul. A telegram from St. Petersburg, dated January 14, states that Shere Ali, before leaving Cabul, declared his readiness to become a vassal of the Czar, and that the Ameer, in consequence of the refusal of Russia to mediate, has abandoned as hopeless his idea of interesting the European Powers in his cause. A despatch dated Candahar, January 17, says that General Stewart has received intelligence that Yakoob Khan, has fled from Cabul. Despatches from Jelalabad report that the Khan of Kunor, supposed to be the most mfluentialleaderofthefrontier tribes; has come into the British camp to pay his respects. .. The troops left Candahar by the Cabul gate on January Bth. A mail from. Herat for Mir Afzul, late Governor of Ghuznee, was captured. Khelati Ghilzai is reported without a garrison, and anarchy prevails at Cabul. A Calcutta telegram, dated January 17, states that the Kohistani chiefs attempted to create a disturbance and to plunder Cabul, but Yakoob Khan induced them to withdraw, and that the Ghelzai chiefs are urging Yakoob Khan to make friends with the British. Afghan deserters confirm the reports of disorganisation in their army. There have been slight maranding disturbances in the Khojick Pass, but the marauders were punished. A despatch from Candahar reports that Generals Stewart and Biddulph arereconnoitering towards Khelati Galzali, on the road to Cabul, and towards Girishk, on the road to Herat. A , despatch from Lahore states that various unauthenticated rumors are current as " to Shere Ali returning to Cabul. A Berlin telegram states that the Conservative journals agree in expressing scruples about the article in the Parliamentary Discipline Bill which provides for handing an offending member over to the courts. This is interpreted to mean that the Government will sacrifice that provision because the constitutional difficulty has been discovered, and not as a concession to the Reichstag. Up to the end of last year the total number of injunctions issued in Germany, in accordance with the anti-Socialist law, was 457, and they were applied ib 189 clubs and societies, and to 58 periodical and 210 non-periodical publications. The number of persons expelled from the Empire under the same law was 62. It is serni-officially announced that the German Parliamentary Discipline Bill was brought forward by the direct command of the Emperor William. It is credibly reported that the Crown Prince Frederick William has given his assurance that Prussia does not intend to incorporate the Duchy of Brunswick. . It is rumored, however, that the project exists for making Prince Henry of Prussia Duke of Brunswick, aud that the present Duke has consented to a bill, which will Bhortly be submitted to the Diet, whereby, if the succession is not settled within a year from his death, a regent shall be chosen from the princely families in Germany. The Berlin journals publish a semiofficial note, which says that the reported statement of the Crown Prince Frederick William, that Prussia does not intend to incorporate the Duchy of Brunswick, muat not be assumed to be authentic because it is not officially denied. The Berlin Post reproduces the statement that, according to the view now adopted by Prussia, the Duke of Cumberland must renounce his hereditary claim to the throne of Brunswick, as well as Hanover, in order -to obtain the restoration of his sequestered property. The Berlin journals state, under reserve, that as soon as the socialist and democratic deputies come to the opening of the Reichstag they will be expelled in virtue of the existing petty state of siege. It is rumored that Bismarck is preparing a bill authorising the opening of all letters at the frontier. The Pope's encyclical letter occupies eg von columns in the Osservato Romano. The Pope inveighs against socialism, communism, and. nihilism; which, he

says, militate no longer secretly but; openly against the civil State, rupturing the matrimonial tie, ignoring the rights of property, and claiming everything, however legally inherited or honestly acquired, and attempting even the lives C of Kings. These sinister agencies spring ;:• - from the Reformatibn, .which opened the '■"' sluice gates of sceptism, till godless Governments have arisen wherein the Author and Redeemer of , the. world is ignored. The youth are trained to believe that man's destinies are bound by the present, not b*y any hereafter ; hence an impatient and aggressive spirit which seeks its gratification at others' expense. This natural development of the Refor- ! mation was indicated by previous Pontiffs, from Clement VII. to Kus IX., in ; their allocutions and encyclicals, but the Church's warning is now more than ever required. The equality desiderated-, by , - the sects is contrary to ( Scripture. There are distinctions between /angels- in ■ Heaven, and there must be distinctions * between men on earth. When tyranny • k prevails, the Church shields; , the . opr .-.■'."' pressed; and when tyrants ./are too, ' ! : strong^ she enjoins resignation. : The ■' • Pope justifies marriage and subservience >' of woman. to man, of child- >to. parent* /v and of; servant to master. Such independence rightly observed in the State ' as in a family would operate on earth as ! ; ; it does in Heaven. The poverty of ■, , r . x which socialisnvis impatient is, ,. corrected { , by the. Church, which, besides /her own ' charities, enjoins alms-giving on the^ " rich,; to whom she thus reconcilesilthe ! Vi • poor. ■ Such is the solution j of jKe/eyils ; ■;■ for which socialism seeks a revolutionary remedy. Let therefore all principalities and powers accept the Church, the safegard of earthly and- 'the surety of - heavenly thing's. ' "' • -'■> -.«;/! : The ltalie regards the 1 encyclical as 'an ' appeal to all : Catholics to organise' aL \ crusade, against modern .institutions, and ' with that object to participate in 'pbliti-. I ' cal elections. „' ... \,/; / / // T ;\ J ~ ' ' In addition to the proposed appoint-/ .ment of severaKVicars Apostolic. in. parts/^*. of America which are destitute of Episr •"'. copal churches, the Vatican intends , toi ; . ; . establish several new Bishoprics in thej /•; United States; anct to institute a: hew > Heirarchy,; different to the present- one. ' =■ The Pope has sent a circular : tdV<the • -<-'.- Bishops outside Europe,' with the view, of :■[>■••■ extending the collection of Peter's pence .■ ■'■■■ in all parts of the warld.. •'/%/"';'/' American Summary. , „ San 'Francisco,/ January 21. < The Chinese question has become; aCabinet affair at Washington.". The ;: , - Chinese Embassy promote delay and' threaten to make claims for official' con- / ; sular delinquencies in Cnina./;, The / matter is also , before , ; the topininxdn - Parliament on a petition from British Columbia. . , . ') ' . / The number of miles of railroad, con-,/ striictedin the United States last year / was 2688, exceeding any previous year v-s/ since 1873. ' :-.."'• ;■ ' During the past year 917 failures were ' recorded in New York:, with , liabilities to - the amount of 63,958,403 "dollars/ arid assets given at 18,695,831 dollars. This, • ' exceeds any record of former years. 'The . ■ : ■ largenumberis mainly : due i.to the repeal of the bankruptcy law. Most , of .."the weak / firms are being wiped but, and the prosY pects for the coming , year are- mubh brighter than they were a year ago. 7 "■:' The following occurred near Ailsa-/ Craig, Ontario, on January 14 r-^-Miss • '•■ Walker, residing at Breson Mills,' suddenly expired ; s her mother, on seeing the '■■ : corpse of her daughter dropped dead j ,/; and her betrothed, Edward Cousins, on hearing of her death cut his thrba't. ; A terrific snow-storm set in in New : York on January 16, extending from Knoxville, Tennessee, to the Atlantic sea- "v"board. . ; ! '- Sixty vessels are reported totally lost or missing during the past month consisting of 5 steamers,' 4 ships. 5 barques, 5 brigs, and 41 schooners. The total / value, exclusive of cargoes, is estimated / ' at 910,000 dollars*- The losses in the. // year 1878 of vessels belonging to, or / or from the United States ports were 27 ; j steamers, 32 ships, 101 barques, , 59 brigs, and 314 schooners ; total 536, valued at • '■■ 9,462,000 dollars. , . \'J :i 'r ■ -'■ A New York dispatch states that, another ship leaves this months with American exhibits for the International Expesition to be held at Sydney next August. The Eastern manufacturers are taking advantage to a considerable ex- , tent of this opportunity for introducing their productions to a new market. ' A great fire in Worth-street, New York, on January 17, destroyed 12 large warehouses and their contents, valued at . two and a half million dollars. Several* "' weak insurance offices are . in trouble thereby. . Insurance rates advanced next day. . A cablegram received at Halifax states that the Duke 'of Edinburgh will-shortly be appointed Admiral of the North American station. : He will come; out early in the summer with his Duchess, accompanied by the Russian-fleet. s The Harmony cotton mills at New York, employing 3500 hands, and producing 300,000 yards of cotton goodß per day, have reduced their working time three days a week, in order to reduce the production and stiffen prices. • James Gordon Bennett's yacht Jeannette, which is to attach the American flag to the North Pole, is lying at Mare Island naval yard, San Francisco Bay,, where she will undergo repairs' for' her adventurous voyage. She was thoroughly repaired at London before, sailing for America, and is in good condition. Gajfc. r tain DeLong will go' east in about two weeks. The scientific party which is to accompany the vessel has riot yet; arrived-* on this coast. She will probably start on her Arctic ( trip early next June. ' ''; l!