NEWS FROM ABROAD

Evening Star, Issue 20022, 13 November 1928, Page 2

NEWS FROM ABROAD

The Path of Peace Mr Baldwin Reviews Position The Sicilian Disaster No Improvement in Position

(British Official Wireless.)

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RUGBY, November 10

Tiie Prime Ministoj, speaking at the Lord Mayor's banquet, made a wide review oi international relations, in which ho described the improved position of the countries of Europe and China. Ho expressed a fine appreciation of the influence of the League of Nations, emphasised his belief in the value of wireless ns> an agent of peace, and examined; the implications arising from the signing of the Kellogg Pact. , Referring to the fact that the present British Government had been in olheo for four years, he said ; “ The history of those ro ir years iu Europe has been tho history of stabilisation and reconstruction, a policy based upon and rendered possible'by two outstanding events—tho London agreement, t« which great credit was duo to my predecessor, and which placed the reparations problem on a workable economic basis and removed it out of the cockpit of political controversy and animosities; and. second, the Treaty ol Locarno, which terminated on. e and tor all the war [ criod and reintroduced Germany into tin comity of nations. It is true that since then there have been no sensational or spectacular achievements such as those were, but tho contrast between now and four years ago is a very real one. Enmities in Europe have disappeared, or arc disappearing, war wounds have healed or arc healing, and currencies have been stabilised, and though there arc grave economic problems still to be solved their solution is being approached in a new spirit of goodwill. There is more and more throughout Europe and I hroughout the world today a feeling of the necessity of the nations getting closer and closer together. With Prance we have sought tho closest co-operation, and progressive improvement has taken place during the last live or six years in our relations, which had been marked by certain vicissitudes after the war. Now all that is far behind, for wo understand each other perhaps better than we have ever done before. Tho fact that this improvement that has come with the years in our relations has been followed by a striking mange in tho internal conditions of Germany, as well ns in her relations with France is the best proof—if proof were needed —that close co-operation between London and Paris does not. and cannot, react, and shall not react, to the detriment either of Germany or of any other Power. On the contrary, tho expansion of that co-operation into the wider co-oparation of Locarno still forms the keystone of the European arch._ and it still constitutes the policy of His Majesty’s' Government. T.eace means not less collaboration, but more, and the fact that His Majesty’s Government so often begins by seeking collaboration with its nearest neighbours does not mean that it is in the slightest degree , pacer to co-operate with others. Reviewing the reconstruction efforts, and the measures of success attending them, of the nations which suffered by the war, the Prime Minister spoke notably of the progress made by France, Belgium, and Germany. Referring to Germany, be said: “Four years ago she bad but just emerged from an abyss of financial, political, and economic collapse. She has more than re-estab-lished her position as a great industrial country, and she is on the high road to recovering all that wealth and prosperity which four years ago she seemed to have irretrievably lost, while she has re-entered the councils of Europe. The Military Commission of Control has been withdrawn from Germany, and commercial treaties have been concluded between Germany,and.this country, and between Germany and France. Her relations with her former enemies are, in fact, restored to a position of mutual frankness and understanding. She stands to-day as a , great country among equals, and she owes that largely to the genius of- Dr Strescmann, to whom everyone in this hall will wish a speedy recovery to health.’’ ~ In his appreciation of the League of Nation's Mr Baldwin said: “The League is helping in ways not always obvious to that peace which we all desire. Peace has to he made in effect by statesmen, and statesmen are fal-

MR KELLOGG’S VIEWS

ARMISTICE RAY

SCENES IN LONDON

BRITAIN AND GERMANY.

liblo Instruments, but nothing but good ones from tins constant meeting of statesmen in the League of Nations. They learn there exactly what regard has to be paid to the peculiarities of individual personalities, and they can realise there what all people want to realise —that is, to have the vision to comprehend tho effect ot environment and tradition upon a man who conies from a country that is not your own” Mentioning how at home ho went round Europe on his wireless set, the Prime Minister said: “When a mass of people realise that, in whatever country in. Europe there lives a human being Hkp himself, with, n family . and family life, and with a_ wireless set like himself, with his services on Sunday, his dancing in tho evening, and his lectures, war presents a verv different aspect. I believe wireless is going to be ono of the greatest bonds between tho common people of the whole world, and it is tho common people who, in the long run, will decide whether there will be war or not.”

BERLIN PRESS COMMENT,

SUSPICIOUS OF ENTENTE,

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LONDON, November 11. Tim Berlin correspondent of the ' Morning Post ’ states that Mr Baldwin’s Guildhall speech has not thawed German suspicion, and all circles, right and left, are demanding deeds, not words. The headlines ‘Siren Strains from England ’ and ‘ Complacent Baldwin ’ are typical. The 1 Borsen Zeitung ’ concludes that the old entente spirit persists in Mr Baldwin’s head, and says that the reparations negotiations will test his declaration that henceforth there will be neither victors nor vanquished. “ The fear nevertheless exists that there will be a deep cleft between practice and theory,” The ‘ Allgemcine Zeitung.’ which is always in close touch with the Foreign Office, says that the general impression of Mr Churchill’s and Mr Baldwin’s spcechces is that England is still closely tethered to French policy, which is in no wise friendly to Germany.—Australian Press Association.

PEACE RESTS WITH THE PEOPLE,

Prcas Association—By Telegraph—Copyright.

NEW YORK, November 11

Addressing the World Alliance of International'Friendship hero to-night, Mr Kellogg declared that arbitration and conciliation were the best moans of abolishing war, adding that all nations should establish the illegality of war as a principle of international law. Referring to the recent treaty, agreed to by fifty-eight nations, for the renunciation of war, Mr Kellogg said that thero could be no more fitting time for a peace movement than the tenth anniversary of the armistice. In conclusion, he said that if the people were determined that there should be no war would bo no war.—United Service.

Press Association—By Telegraph - Copyright,

LONDON, November 11,

Thousands of ex-service men, and thousands of widows and other women in deep mourning; attended the-festival of remembrance, and gave an ovation to their Majesties, who were accompanied by the Duke, and Duchess of York. A trench, fashioned to represent a dugout, ran down the centre of the stage, giving point to the community singing of such war-time favourites as ‘ Tipperary,’ ‘ Keep the Home hires Burning,’ and the old-time catch words, which were shouted across the hall, such as “Are we downhearted?” and'the thunderous answer, “No!” These were the lighter episodes, but deeper emotions were stirred when the lights were dimmed and such memorial music as Chopin’s ‘ Funeral March ’ was played by the massed Guards bands, and the hymns _ ‘ 0 God Guv Help’ and ‘Abide With Me’ were sung.—Australian Press Association.

INTERNATIONAL COURTESY

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WIESBADEN, November 11

In recognition of the fact that the Municipal Council placed a wreath in the British section during the German observance of the service last week, representatives of the British Army in the Rhineland placed a wreath on the German War Memorial. The ceremony passed almost unnoticed owing to the bad weather, but hundreds inspected the wreath when the news spread— Australian Press Association-United Service.

AMERICAN OBSERVANCES,

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WASHINGTON, November 11

Armistice Day observance throughout the United States concentrated at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier here, and the national cemetery was crowded throughout tho day by visitors bearing floral offerings from the President and other officials to ordinary citizens. The American Legion and other organisetions held services in the principal cities, and President Coolidge, Mr F. B. Kellogg, and others addressed audiences on the preservation of peace. The .two minutes’ silence was observed ■throughout South America, where BTenchmen, Britishers, and Americans gathered to pay their respects at 11 a.m., as did citizens of practically all countries, whether these had been directly engaged in the war or not.— Australian Press Association.

AT THE SYDNEY CENOTAPH,

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SYDNEY, November 12. Armistice Day was officially-observed this morning, and there were large crowds in Martin place, where the cenotaph is situated, and upon which the wreaths were placed by the returned soldiers’ organisation and the Government, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force by the Lieutenant-Go-vernor (Sir William Cullen) and by the Premier (Mr T. R. Bavin) The two minutes’ silence was observed at 11 o’clock throughout the city, when there was a sudden cessation of all activities, producing an impressive calm. The great bell at the university tolled for fifteen minutes from 10.30. The weather was fine. ADVANCING LAVA THE ETNA ERUPTION RELIGIOUS FERVOUR DEMONSTRATED Press Association—By Telegraph—Copyright. ROME, November 12. Catania reports state that, despite the eruption, the population of Sicily loyally celebrated King Victor Emanuel’s birthday, which coincided with the armistice on the Italian front. Meanwhile, religious fervour in the devastated regions has redoubled and votive offerings at altars include precious stones and workmen’s tools. Pious processions carrying images and relics take place amid awe-inspiring scenes, lit at night by torches and the glow of molten lava. In such an atmosphere the statue of the Madonna of the Annunciation was brought out at midnight and placed facing the advancing lava. The members ot the procession knelt on the ground, imploring the Madonna to intercede with the Alrnightv and pleading for a miracle to --top the incessant eruption, but the eflocts were unavailing Finally the statue was hurriedly loaded on a lorry and driven off to escape destruction.— Australian Press Association. IRISH REPUBLICANS THE tons EXPLOSIONS t'ress Association —By Telegraph—Copyright. LONDON, November 12. Simultaneously with the other attempts, there was a violent explosion at Ball’s bridge, where an attempt was nade to blow up the fountain commemorating King visit to open the International Exhibition. The damage was slight.—Australian Press Association-United Service. BANDITS ROB GO! FURS. Pres* Association—By Telegraph—Copyright. DUBLIN, November 12. The police discovered a dump of anus and ammunition in good condition at Inchicore, including three machine guns and many hand grenades.

FREE RATIONS

Masked men at Fox Rock, County Dublin, held up thirty members of a golf club with revolvers and fired several shots, wounding Mrs Fitzgerald (wife of the Minister of Defence). The bandits stole all the money from the pockets of the members and escaped without being identified—Australian Press Association-United Service.

GERMAN STEEL WORKERS

VIOLENT DEMONSTRATION TOWN HALL STORMED Press Association—By Telegraph—Copyright BERLIN, November 11. Crowds of locksd-out steel workers, led by Communists, stormed the Town Hall during a sitting of the Essen Municipal Council. The police twice dispersed the demonstrators, who re--h trged with increased violence. The police had to use truncheons and swords, and many of the rioters were wounded.—-Australian Press Association. _________ KENYA COLONY THE PRINCE'S VISIT FAVOURABLE IMPRESSIONS (British Official ’Wireless.) Press Association —By Telegraph Copyright RUGBY, November 12. The Prince of Wales attended the armistice celebrations at Nairobi, the capital of Kenya Colony. Speaking at a settlers’ luncheon which followed the service of remembrance, he said_ that tho service united the whole Empire in common thought more than any other annual ceremony. , » His Royal Highness declared that he had enjoyed his stay in East Africa beyond all expectations. The visit had given him a deep and permanent interest in Kenya. Canada was the country which he knew best outside Britain, and ho believed that the problems of Canada were in some respects akin to those of Kenya—at least os regards farming. He would take back home a message addressed specially to tho younger generation, whose interest ho wanted to awaken in the now colony. GRANARY OF EUROPE EFFECT OF RED RULE AW APPEAL TO THE WORLD Frees Association—By Telegraph—Copyright. LONDON, November 11. Tho Geneva correspondent of ‘The Times ’ reports that “ after eight years of Red domination the Ukraine, which was formerly the granary of Europe, is so impoverished that it cannot feed itself.” Ho says that the committee of the Ukraine refugee organisations is sending a petition to the League. The. petition states:. “In order to carry out the policy of extermination the Moscow tyrants sent thousands of Ukranians to certain death in Siberia, and confiscated the country’s immense riches to pay the Imperialistic army and the agitators who are fomenting troubles throughout the world. The famine that devastated the Ukraine in 1922 was nothing compared with the disaster that is now threatening, and wo appeal to the world to help the 3,000,OIK) who are at present faced with starvation.— ‘ Times ’ Cable.

SIR A. CHAMBERLAIN BN THE EMPIRE

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OTTAWA, November 11. “ The genius of the British race, formed of long habit and deep-rooted in the past, has enabled the British peoples heretofore to confront _ their difficulties and solve them,” said too British Foreign Secretary_ (Sir Austen Chamberlain) when speaking at a banquet tendered to him by the Canadian Government. He said that as between the British Empire and the British Commonwealth of Nations he preferred the latter, because it meant that each constituent part was free to pursue its common interest for the Commonwealth, ” but the dai intciests of each part are but a fra ; n of those for which the Commonwealth exists, and by which it is justified.” He said be was glad that the dominions were playing an increasing role in world affairs. Such a situation contained within it elements of danger, but he had profound Faith that somehow “ our common sense will solve difficulties as they arise.”—Australian Press Association.

BILLS OF EXCHANGE ALLEGATIONS OF FORGERY Press Association—By Telegraphy-Copyright. PARIS, November 11. A search by a special agent of the Soviet Legation at Berlin resulted in the discovery in two French ban Ice of seven bills of exchange amounting to £200,000, which are alleged to' have been forged by M. Litvinoff’s brother, who was Moscow representative of the Russian Trade Delegation in Berlin until in January, 1926, ho issued bills without authority.—Australian Press Association-United Sendee, RICH AIERIOA INCOME TAX RETURNS Press Association—By Telegraph—Copyright. WASHINGTON, November 12. The Treasury Department has disclosed the fact that the increased prosperity for 1927 was revealed by the filing of tax returns of income greater than 1,000,000d0l for that year by fiftytwo more persons than in 1026, raising the total of such incomes to 283. The taxable earnings of the nation increased by 4.67 per cent, to 22,573,317,907d01, upon which a tax of 826,245,497d0l was paid. Reports were filed by 4,122.242 persons, of whom 2,464,168 were taxable. Ten persons filed reports of incomes of 5,000,000d0l _ and over. —Australian Press Association. FEDERAL ELECTIONS PRIME MINISTER'S TOUR Pros Amocl*Uob—By Telegraph—Copyright. MELBOURNE, November 13. The Prime Minister has completed a whirlwind election tour of Australia, and ho is confident that the present Government will be returned with # substantial majority. Labour must win thirteen seats to unseat his Government, which ho considers is a hopeless task, especially in view of the recent industrial turmoil. FRENCH GOVERNMENT CABINET RECOHSTRUOTED Press Association—By Telegraph—Copyright PARIS, November 11. The new Cabinet has been announced as follows:—Prime Minister, M. Poincare; Minister of Finance, M. Gheron ; Minister of Justice, M. Barthou; Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. Briaud; Minister of the Interior, M. Tardieu; Minister of Wax, M. Painleve: Minister of Marine. M. Leygucs; Minister of Commerce, M. Bonnefous; Minister of Public Works. M. Sorgeot; Minister of Labour, M. Loucheur; Minister ol Education, M. Sarraud; Minister of Air. M. Eynac; Minister of Pensions, M. Maginot; Minister of Agriculture, M Henuessy. Tho Minister of Colonics has not yet been appointed.—Australian Press Association-onited Service. RUMANIAN MINISTRY PEASANTS' LEADER AT THE HEAD Press Association -By Telegraph- Copyright. BUCHAREST, November 11. M. Maniu was cheered with the wildest enthusiasm after tho formation of the Ministry. Ho is regarded as tho liberator of the country from the regime of a dictatorship. When addressing pressmen be voluiv tarily promised an immediate removal of the censorship, an unfettered election in December, continuity of the foreign policy, and early revision of the tariff, retaining only essential duties.—' Australian Press Association. LORO BIRKENHEAD IN THE COMMERCIAL WORLD Prows Association—By Telegraph—Copyright LONDON, November 11. The Earl of Birkenhead will join the hoard of the Johannesburg Consolidated Investment Company, a powerful gold, diamond, and platinum mining concern. —‘ Times ’ Cable.

VICTORIAN TRAGEDY MOTHER AND DAUGHTER DROWNED Press Association—By Telegraph—Copyright. MELBOURNE, November 12. Mrs T. Phidian and her daughter, aged eight, wore drowned in Lake Victoria under mysterious circumstances. They have Keen missing from their home since. Saturday.. The bodies were recovered by the police.