PATTERN FOR WORLD SECURITY

Dominion, Volume 37, Issue 279, 22 August 1944, Page 6

PATTERN FOR WORLD SECURITY

Complex, Inspiring Aim POLICY FORMULATED BY GREAT POWERS

(By Telegraph.—Press Assn.—Copyright.) NEW YORK, August 20. The purpose of the world security talks at the Dumbarton Oaks conference, which begins tomorrow, is both complex and inspiring, says the “New York Tinies” Washington correspondent, lhe delegates are faced with reconciling the two conflicting principles of nationalism and international action to create collaboration of the great Powers in a system of collective security without infringing the rights of smaller Powers, and with furthering the goal of per- . petual peace. Already the United States. Russia, and Britain have drafted the broad outlines of the security organization which they would like to sec formed. _ None ot these outlines has been published, but certain facts are known. For example, all three Powers propose that the world organization shall be composed of an assembly of all the peacelovin"- Powers of the world, the council of which would have final executive powers in deciding whether to apply military force against any aggressor or potential aggressor, and of a world court to deal with international disputes. Big Powers’ Position.

All three schemes restrict the assembly of all the nations to an advisory capacity. All three suggest that Britain, America, China, and Russia should be permanent members of the council. All three stipulate that each of the four permanent members should have the right to veto any proposal that its armed forces shall be used against an aggressor. .... In other words, under all three pians each of the great Powers is protected against the possibility that any combination of nations could vote to put it into a war against its will. Appareuty there are some minor diffcrerices in the suggestions about the total number of members to sit on the council and also about the vote necessary _ in the council before military sanctions could be imposed. None of these difTerences is expected to cause much trou'hle.

It is'understood that President Roosevelt is desirous of keeping the new security organization plan entirely separate from the treaties of peace, the purpose of which is not only to keep the new League of Nations plan from being lost in controversy over boundaries and other contentious issues, but also to seek additional powers in peace treaty settlement for dealing with any aggression that, might break out. Disarming of Germany.

Mr. Roosevelt hopes to see a peace treaty that will not only authorize the victorious Powers to disarm, demobilize, and control German industry, but will also authorize the executive branch of the Government to collaborate with America’s allies in enforcing these terms of peace, even if they have to use military force to bring this about. Thus the world security organization and the peace treaties would be separate, but they complement each other in that both provide machinery for punishing any future violator of peace. Though under the American plan for a new league a vote of Congress would be necessary before American force could be used, thus hampering quick action, under the American peace treaty plan, as distinguished from the security. organization plan, if the treaty is ratified bv the Senate, the American executive branch would be able to take immediate action against Germany or Japan if either of those Powers attempted to break the terms of peace. This is a conference not of idealists, but of technicians. The delegates will concentrate not on bow to abolish war, but on what to do when it breaks out. This pleases some observers and displeases others, but it-is a fact worth noting bv everyone, the correspondent conSoviet Ambassador to the United States, Mr. A. A. Gromyko, who is chairman of the Russian delegation to the world security conference, arrived in Washington today from Moscow.