MAINTENANCE OF PEACE

Press, Volume LXXIX, Issue 24052, 14 September 1943, Page 5

MAINTENANCE OF PEACE

Mr Hull Outlines American Views

“AN INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM”

(Rec. 10.30 p.m.) WASHINGTON. Sept. 12. The United States Secretary of State (Mr Cordell Hull), in a nation-wide broadcast which followed closely Mr Churchill’s appeal lor post-war collaboration, outlined American postwar ideas, including the creation of an international instrument to prevent aggression by force and to further International co-operation. Mr Hull said that co-operation had long since reached a stage where the forces of the various Allies were serving side. by side under a unified command. This type of co-operation had been developed with invincible Britain, intrepid and resolute Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and South Africa, with valiant China, and with other Allies. “We are glad to give all possible aid to the Soviet Union, whose heroic armies have earned everlasting renown,” said Mr Hull. “It is our desire and settled policy that collaboration and co-operation between our two countries shall steadily increase during and following the war. We also maintain the closest ties of solidarity with all but one of the nations of the Western Hemisphere.” Discussing post-war policies, which he said were based on the most important tenets of American national faith, Mr Hull declared: “Vigorous participation in efforts to establish a system of international relations and to create conditions in which war may be effectively banished, is a fundamental feature of our foreign policy. In the Atlantic Charter and the United Nations’ Declaration, the Allies have clearly expressed their recognition of the existence of an area» of common interest. Our task, and the task of our associates, is to utilise this common interest in order to create an effective system of international cooperation for. the maintenance of peace. “As I read the history and temper of the American people, our nation intends to do its part, jointly with other peace-seeking nations, in helping the post-war world to heal its wounds. I am also sure that Americans, and each Allied nation, intend to do their part after victory in meeting the immense needs of the postwar period. Those needs will embrace the task of taking practical steps to create conditions in which there will be security for every nation. Results of Failure “If our nation 'and like-minded nations fail in this task the way will be open for international anarchy, for new destructive wars, and for unprecedented material and spiritual impoverishment of mankind. Indeed, post-war collaboration to maintain peace is -scarcely less essential for self-preservation than the present cooperative efforts to win the war. The nations standing for peace and security must now make up their minds to act together, or there will be neither peace nor security. “This is abundantly clear; that a system of organised international cooperation for the maintenance of peace must be based on the willingness of the co-operating nations to use force if necessary to keep the peace. There must also be the certainty that adequate and appropriate means are available and will be used for this purpose. “Political differences between nations should be adjudicated in an international Court, but aggressors must be restrained forcibly by the peaceful nations, and these nations must be willing to accept responsibility for the task in accordance with their respective capacities.” Mr Hull then outlined three fundamental propositions for international co-operation after the war. These were:

(1) each nation should be free to decide the form of its governmental organisation as long as it conduct its affairs in such a way as not to menace the peace and security of other nations; (2) each nation should be free to decide the form of its internal economic and social organisation, but should respect the rights of others and play its necessary part in the system of sound international economic relations: (3) each nation should be willing to submit its differences with other nations to peaceful settlement, and should be prepared to carry out ether obligations devolving upon it in an effective system of organised peace. “All this," said Mr Hull, "calls for the creation of a system of international relations based on rules of morality, law, and justice. The form and functions of the international agencies of the future are being studied intensively by the American and other governments, and will gradually be made subjects of consultation between governments.”