THE DISEASES OF PLANT.

Press, Volume XLVIII, Issue 7777, 3 February 1891, Page 2

THE DISEASES OF PLANT.

Fortunately for mankind. th»*? I Srime necessity like (he (Sc«s farley, Oats, ilye, etc.4S»* proof against any decldedh Z&l disease. So long have vated by man that their shrouded in antiquity. The **Z *";" of which they are natives. or .i% ■ stock from which they oricinaii. J \ is wholly unknown to S&¥ ' country is known to have * '? A w i. ld 8ta ™ e « exc ?P fe « ootids civilisation. Even then they &£ to be able to long survive Iα th 4 ? te < for existence against other These products are wholly seed, and rarely even tranepWi" * ;; Our Grape vines, Applea,Pe&ak etc., are rarely raised from seed b t^ Elecee, rooted from cuttinaa li'" , udded, layered, andotherwiw J~4 that the roots and tops are licaXf 8 more or less in an artificial eondlUa '' Among vegetables, the po&toujt pre-eminently raised from a tonalr binge, and rarely from eeod. \i&worst form of disease that can d?**' kind of vegetable that mankind a^ , depends upon. *""•! Our flowering plants that hxnv<* the moat from special disease* ui\ those that, from extraordinary fefc utility, have been the most cut tr' J and grown in unnatural eondilWe rarely from seed Even in the foKi.. selection is made from the highest tej floral departures from thti oifoM'" one that perhaps has the seeds of *•«£ inherited by reason of this vety bhuk" tion. "'-'t

Almost immediately after the f&h'. tlon of the Verbena Iα 1827 it prominence as a cultivated plant "ji'*' at its zenith along up to the there appeared the black rust fej IT finally all but banished it from cv! 4 tioti. So great was the demand it |i<V' period that every speck o! & shjcHoften made Into a new plant, andt-i" only used to raise new kiuck lajib during tbe past twenty years Ikjv" grown in countless million* hy h: , "' grafting, cuttings,from aingls e?tu\ and never from seed for common &:!;<;*; tlon. Ids beseo with enomieu-i.',;■?' op fungus type, that tax the h>;» *' and profound knowledge of the busu vatora to keep at bay. ■ , In the early htetory of Amet'ai / apple, the pear aud the peach Kr-Jt'"' gronr everywhere. They vm j Xrom seed, and nearly rill those nis.' , . , ' old trees, so noted In old tlmw, w>n& ■ sown where they gr«rr, aud. !;'«;,.> presumed, were rarely pruner, either at the roots or toti, h, ■< of a dioastroue character ■■■ prevalent among those plants vi 'h that man haa manipulated the iso->: ■; \ from the "seed type? of talstag. *«:-' count a host t>f plaats lotifi cult." from seed, like stocks, aatsro.and th',: r ? that have no special aisaa&e to ?A : .i'-' ■ cultivator. Bat is it bo with as/ , , - where eeed-r&Utnfi if- departed Take even the bulbs. been raised for years from euhi divisions of the old bui'33. Thej ! r ■ liable to special dtsea?B9 thatwjr-; times a worry to cultivators

We do not deny that wmo perersu ceed in raising, free fronadieta:?, • all of these supposedly weakcaea t* : and that too in better form £hsn ft'/f were in old times. Yet, aw ttojs J after all, more liable to attack? C^scause of disease ever bo «&aiefc«f; ~ pletely frona the plant-wane $$$. Jpraine Farmer. • \. Oα the above subject the Ms* . resolutions were passed at a ' the International Congress at Vienna, held November:— '; 1. Considering that. \the diseases and other injuries to ptosacKj constant damage, and: eafcali #«»''; on cultivators, and on the {ssh-V*; Congress considers that Is l> ' *w? r ;:; necessary to establish, scienfui »\~ i exclusively devoted to the stvW- \£ diseases of cultivated plants. , r , 2. In order that these ■pp.; \ logical stations may ijioro v • brought into relation wifcb t.& and practical circles, they establiehed in a central locality -; - v country, and one wull oftus." % > regard to means of comruumwipf- , i ehould be Governmone law" , : formed for the object c£ helpi«»3 t work by making gratuitous anjJ;^j fc researches in conaecticn wittt I." •■ ,>, 3. The Congress considers thai t,. tione and trials made o.'J a corner : all cultivated countries, give tse j , • mise for success iv tio »■ propriate aud sure methods for ft- y : plant diseases. Groat outlay v' •saved by staying futaro thanks to a network of scientific tions extending over all coun»,i»cs. r trictsnotyet infested by pifn*;°'"could be prevailed upon to sary measures iv time. 4. The Congress conniltlers *t > ■ that thedirectora of aU these F» I '",, ', stations iv dlOereut co»nt?p, x ys arrange to meet annually to . * pasa such reaolutions as saeU i "•" - necessary. , . tx i • , . 5. The Congress shaJl , national Committee which ~ y right of adding to its memton&fr, shall be in comoiantcatioa wlta --* ' r cultural Society of Vienna, wai»/f tlon to consult with ihfe bodj to be taken towards thy W / , ; scientiac stations devoted jo t!xs- , ~ the diseases of plants, sn« to - ~ system of phytopathological »ss?-»" all cultivated districts. ;,