THE GARDEN.

Auckland Star, Volume XXV, Issue 143, 16 June 1894, Page 3 (Supplement)

THE GARDEN.

| HojßTirs.)

Wk Jii willing to answer any queries. IHwtfW K-Ig must give then1: real names |m^S, Wthough not.for publication.] 'il1 ?0 CORRESPONDENTS. iBl Daphne (H.W. W.)-All climbers ■P^rfiave attained six or seven years of ■''■BwMnii the better of a severe pruning a BiP NiMH infuse more life into them, and ' ißfff*" .Jim to put forth a more vigorous '•■'!4BPffrt In pruning, do not simply head ■p ,tof>'/rtTthjn out a lot of the old wood. I *"?' c not some of the branches altogether, ■W> ■ iti'i wttl have the whole pf the space now ■ « i yo!i>"^ B j n co 7ered early next season with M ''rWM|. Daphne: It would by yonrde'JK- be difficult for me to aay what is the ,«. fpaw^jj. yonr pi an t; there might be JHi '"' .ki«# the matter with the rootg. I have JK, )IBoJtaati myself which never have :■ •"> .SrWli but I have always thought ' H ftX toll waa too rich for them. If such '» J hf d'se with your plant, shift it into ■1 f Zt triLi If not a question of soil, procure W^Ji,^ plants and try them. ':'fl ' . PRUNING. ■IwwS *ho may planb an orchard for '-''■L'na^ W"M> *or markeb should wake the Ejijg of'tie trees a special study. Up ■plrl '6 prO»eD* '^ere a8 een very *'bti*e IflS, j a the way of scientific pruning of K^'tf^J^ost of the growers being conW;'J \f, Jet their' treea alone or cut out a Hj^finoltts *<> beßb# ow» where firs|J" r" !i i!i is required, systomatio attention if ;^j. j}o »Sv6n to the trees in the way of I nisfr The best period of the season for P w^'^ or rest pruning is towards the -1 l^'jjf^ae and during July, as the trees I ilfe^H^* ar? *'ien ab roabi an<^ whatI «a' ilaWr pruning is required should be / ifcios 'P°se bwCl monbhs. Now, it ■ jjujij ija impossible for me to ||Ljj anyone' by writing how to <"jii< h\» trees, as each individual \ "'v'»a 'fa' an orchard will require I i "'iiff&font treatment according to the I ii 4 *'. -as'i mason's growth and other .' ;j f j H ,v, 9 tsr.oeß. All that can be done is to iliWtP certain principles which guide all ,;«err!.'!io may know a little about the ijibieok rßt °* a^» anyone who may ; L^gj jferong free-growing trees must, f■v.\j} M j tbey want their trees to produce r'ort wcoj, let the branches alone. The !■ liar t'»*' °* *he above class are pruned 1,,) more wood they will produce the fol- ' ijivi'jf; ?■■>"■' The reason for this is bhab i tor? bfpch taken off was provided with i ikrga f.ntaber of buds which would have libitorM C'3^ elaborated all the sap which iba roots would have sent. Now, those i.'s' oh« 8 that have had * buds cub } i ffilj have fewer buds on the ):■«; to ci;il with the sap as it rises in ! ' liv filing. The sap as it acts upon these tads will iftuse them to burst forth with Iwrjry'M continue during the growing xnd vvita a strong, rank growth. The }bva Is |io'i wnafc " required in a good tmHawfog *reo< Trees which last year ittdeV; >g growth should this season be ihnoat isft; alone so far as pruning the ■; faran<#« ij concerned. The roots of the : \hn o'.'v should be cub back, and this »U1 &Mk all pronness to strong growth. $05 only Will this Byste|n stop strong ■gravr');, I>a(i if ib is followed up it will; tiiase p. ntunber of buds which are at pre- ; mt fin;' iaf and wood prodjuqing buds to ! iivrioy i'lfco flower or fruit producing Mi, A^.tio, where the trees are stunted ; nfl nbow an indication thab they do 6iid car,! 1 1 produce a fair amount of new jjoodjuerf year, the pruner can remedy Shin fry tj cinq off a quantity of tho old «oocf* f iis will ab once cause those I'lau^M-l'hioh are left to develop more Where such is desired, the j lSi»;*hfl«Jri also be dug round and a little : i«lJwr/i* j manure placed in the soil, which I irW ;:,.■■■ ' assisb by developing more root ' ktios. p ;ain, where a tree is doing fairly Wi.flmy year developing a fair quantity ;'■ Uwm ■■■": d, and ab the same time producfcg good I? miial crops of fruit, care must h'; :-'if ■I as not to over or under prune, lisitjiar )uld disturb the balance. On euch i pcs, csly such branches as may be cross|ogoHntt*^ering with one another should be iuUtiU Ibtle, for shortening of such as m grafting too high ought also to be titideriakfiit Of course, in doing the ■ifcr.ij -.; §ge number of buds will be cub oft, aud, kt counterbalance this, a corres- ," ■milag cutting at the roots' must be given '■>% bHttg about a truer balance between ({Mia and buds. Many a person will say ,yi)Bi'"la Iht use of pruning ab all, if this ' jMiuififl. ci root and bud is to be kept up. •JVfay' nh. illow nature to remedy this by .■illowlng .ie tree to develop as itlikea? Now>nyf.ne who may allow his trees to vfroVviithoublet or hindrance, will after a I'lambsr a. f years find bi9 tree all one maBS 'fM finjj Bfway, one branch struggling against .MfitM;-,* and each trying to get as much i! the imslighb as possible, the final replsdeir)f< a little fruib ai the extremities |ud 3«;h uqib of a very inferior quality. (How, the trees which have been pruned lystossfchally will have all their branches Sircotod in anch a manner thab every one t&d nearly all parts of each will have a good ifcara of the lighb and air. Nob only the JtfoJH h<r, on suah trees'aa carry their fruib aii op .;'>, ,iU those branches should be famished r/ith fruib spurs which will be if»!>ab!s of carrying firab-claea fruib from Irott^rto top of each branch. Of course, a 3" otfcalu .this tequirea time and skilI 'ul pruning of the trees. All such I how ftp !he apple, peach, plum and I ipricflj [should be pruned and trained to j Msaip 'io form of a cup. This is the best ■"' i< (■ >\\ • »nd when the centre of bhe bree |«"h i-ejOi opij,, it will allow of a free distribuII tioti 6f fcha nun's rays and light to all parts, pT'3his«!;auring a good quality of fruit in all pain nt the tree. Most of the varieties of poarn form an exception to the above as fhej' i«imro to bo trained and pruned as | ppirsiiia, rjod to form a good pyramid oven .wqtfireß more skill than fche cup. A great tbin^ in frying to form a pyramid is to |?;vT6 iiiuJFtoienb distance between the orstiohw .^0 thab the light and air may free!? penettrate to each. When pruning o^.iM!te * jharp knife, and oaake the cuts fleanaod aa close to the buda thab are left fit ponible, also taking care that the top | ';i i or* tito parb left should poinb in the tiirtctloa syhieh you wish the new ahoob to hke, Where a aaw ha 3to be used in II; httins off large limbs, the cub should be »fte:'..3rdß pared with the knife so aa to ■'■"ilflftTa it; <il«an and smooth ; rough or jagged pesiidg take a long time to heal. f jl vnwl'is'it Pressing tor Fruit Trees. :if Whenever all the winter pruning of fruib 1 wees.ia completed, whatever insect dresiing Hie tree ia to geb should bo done immewiately after the pruning is completed. The fong|i bark of the frees, moss, otc, provide ■ splendid hiding place for all manner of Insect pests, and the limbs and branches of : ill fruib trees should be specially dealt with every winter so as to partially eradicate Ihosio peat. Immediately the tree is pruned -apiece of old hoop iron should be uaed to acrape off the moss and rough parta of the park, and a dressing of the following applied : A large tub should be partly tilled frith vvater, and from two to three ounces »f Paris Green should be stirred in it. To this should be added cow manure and clay 8n equal parts, and wrought into a thick paste. When using ib ib should be well stirred up so that every parb of the paatso it thoroughly permeated with the Farig Green. The mixture should be applied to the trees with a brush. Every part of the bark should receive a thorough (Boating, and all the crevices in the bark Should have a good dese well worked into them, if possible filling them up. Ib is in those cracks and crevices that the lairvse of the codlin moth and other insects are placed for their winter quarters. Now, When their hiding places are filled up with • poisonous mixture which they must bore through before they can geb out, thousands

will thug be billed, which will greatly diminish their ravages. Where trees are badly affected with moss or lichen, a good thick coating oi lime wash could be given over the previous mixture,